Karakteristik / Sifat

Material Bangunan

Teknologi Material Bangunan DA3613 - 2018

Prodi Arsitektur – FAD UKDW
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 Material Properties

Chemical Physical Mechanical Dimensional

Composition Tensile properties Available shapes

Microstructure Toughness Available sizes
Phases Ductility Available surface texture
Metals Grain size Fatigue Manufacturing tolerances
Corrosion Hardness
resistance Creep resistance
Inclusions

Composition Melting point Tensile properties ManufaActuring tolerances

Fillers Thermal Heat distortion Available sizes
Plastics Crystallinity Magnetic Compression strength
Molecular weight Electrical PV Limit
Flammability Optical Toughness
Spatial configuration Acoustic
Chemical resistance Gravimetric

Composition Tensile properties Available shapes

Porosity Compression strength Available sizes
Ceramics Grain size Fracture toughness Manufacturing tolerances
Binder Hardness Available surface texture
Corrosion resistance

Composition
Tensile properties Available shapes
(matrix/reinforcement)
Compression strength Available sizes
Matrix/ reinforcement bond
Composites Fracture toughness Manufacturing tolerances
Volume fraction
Creep resistance Stability
reinforcement
Reinforcement nature
Corrosion resistance
 Chemical Properties (Sifat Kimiawi)
Composition (Komposisi): The elemental or chemical components that
make up a material and their relative proportions.

Microstructure (Struktur Mikro): The structure of polished and etched

materials as revealed by microscope magnifications grater than ten
diameters: structure includes the phases present, the morphology of
the phases, and their volume fractions.

Crystal Structure (Struktur Kristal): The ordered, repeating arrangement

of atoms or molecules in a material.

Sterespecifity (sterespesifikasi) : A tendency for polymers and molecular

materials to form with an ordered spatial three-dimensional
arrangement of monomer molecules.

Corrosion Resistance (Tahan Korosi): The ability of a material to resist

deterioration by chemical or electrochemical reaction with
environment.
 Physical Properties (Sifat Fisikawi) - 1
Melting Point (Titik Leleh) : The point at material liquefies on
heating or solidifies on cooling. Some materials have a melting
range rather than a single melting point.
Density (Kepadatan) : The weight of a material per unit volume.
Specific Gravity (Gravitasi) : The ratio of the mass or weight of a
solid or liquid to the mass or weight of an equal volume of
water.
Curie Point (Titik Curie) : The temperature at which
ferromagnetic materials can no longer be magnetized by
outside forces.
Refractive Index (Indeks Refraksi) : The ratio of the velocity of
light in a vacuum to its velocity in another material.
 Physical Properties (Sifat Fisikawi) - 2
Thermal Conductivity : The rate of heat flow per unit time in a
homogeneous material under steady-state conditions, per unit area,
per unit temperature gradient in a direction perpendicular to area.

Thermal Expansion (linier coefficient of) : The rate at which a material

elongates when heated. The rate is expressed as unit increase in
length per unit rise in temperature within a specified temperature
range.

Heat Distortion Temperature: The temperature at which a polymer

under a specified load shows a specified amount of deflection.

Water Absorption : The amount of weight gain (%) experienced in a

polymer after immersion in water for a specified length of time
under controlled environment.
 Physical Properties (Sifat Fisikawi) - 3
Dielectric Strength (Kekuatan Dielektrik) : The highest potential
difference (voltage) that an insulating material of given thickness
can withstand for a specified time without occurrence of electrical
breakdown though its bulk.
Electrical Resistivity (Hambatan Listrik): The electrical resistance of a
material per unit length and cross section area or per unit length
and unit weight.
Specific Heat (Spesifikasi Panas) : The ratio of the amount of heat
required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance 10
(Celsius or Fahrenheit) to the heat required to raise the same mass
of water 10.
Poisson’s Ratio (Rasio Poison) : The absolute value of the ratio of the
transverse strain to the corresponding axial strain in a body
subjected to uniaxial stress.
 Mechanical
Properties

Strength Durability

Tensile Hardness
Yield Formability Toughness Wear resistance
Compression Fatigue strength
%elongation Impact strength
Flexural
% reduction in area Notch sensitivity
Shear
Bend radius Critical stress
Creep
Rigidity
Intensity factor
Stress rupture
Modulus of
elasticity
Flexural modulus
Mechanical Properties (Sifat Mekanis) - 1
Tensile Strength (Kuat Tarik) : The ratio of the maximum load in a tension
test to the original cross-sectional area of the test bar.

Compressive Strength (Kuat Tekan) : The maximum compressive stress

that a material is capable of withstanding (based on original area).

Yield Strength (Kuat Tarik Tekan): The stress at which a material exhibits a
specified deviation from proportionality of stress and strain.

Modulus of Elasticity (Elastisitas) : The ratio of stress to strain in amaterial

loaded below its yield strength; a measure of rigidity.

Flexural Strength (Kuat Lentur) : The outer fiber stress developed when a
material is loaded as a simply supported beam and deflected to a
certain value of strain.
Mechanical Properties (Sifat Mekanis) - 2
Shear Strength (Kuat Geser) : The stress required to produce fracture in
the plane of the cross section of a material. The conditions of loading
are such that the directions of force and of resistance are parallel and
opposite.
Percent Elongation (Persen Ulur) : In tensile testing, the increase in the
gage length measured after the specimen fractures within the gage
length.
Percent Reduction in Area (Persen Reduksi) : In tensile testing, the
difference, expressed as a percentage of original area, between the
original cross-sectional area of a tensile test specimen and the
minimum cross-sectional area measured after fracture.
Hardness (Kekerasan) : The resistance of a material to plastic deformation
(usually by indentation).
Mechanical Properties (Sifat Mekanis) - 3
Impact Strength (Kuat Benturan) : The amount of energy
required to fracture a given volume of material.
Endurance Limit (Batas Ketahanan) : The maximum stress
below which a material can theoretically endure an infinite
number of stress cycles.
Compressive Yield Strength (Kuat Tegang): The stress in
compression at which a material exhibits a specified
deviation from the proportionality of stress and strain.
Creep (Tegangan Menjalar) : Time-dependent permanent
strain under stress.
Creep Strength (Kuat Tegangan Menjalar) : The nominal
stress that will cause a specified Quantity of creep in a
given time at constant temp.
Stress Rupture Strength (Kuat Tarik Putus) : The nominal
stress at fracture in tension test at constant load and
constant temperature (usually elevated).
Dimensional Properties (Sifat Dimensional)-1
Roughness (kekasaran) : Relatively finely spaced surface
irregularities, the height, width, and direction of which
establish a definite surface pattern.

Waviness (gelombang) : a wavelike variation from a perfect

surface; generally much wider in spacing and higher in
amplitude than surface roughness.

Lay (arah pola) : the direction of a predominating surface

pattern, usually after a machine operation.
Roughness, Waviness
Roughness, Waviness
Dimensional Properties (Sifat Dimensional)-2

Camber (sudut): Deviation from edge straightness;

usually the maximum deviation of an edge from a
straight line of given length.

Out of Flat (kedataran) : The deviation of a surface

from a flat plane, usually over a macroscopic
area.

Surface Finish (Permukaan akhir) : The microscopic

and macroscopic characteristics that describe a
surface.
Out of flat, Surface finish
 Our Elements

ORGANIC Substances INORGANIC Substance

Liquids Gases Liquids Gases

Fuels Carbon Dioxide Acids Chlorine

Chemicals Carbon monoxide Water Argon
Oils Bases Helium
Paints Drug
Foods

Solids
Solids
Metals
Living Organisms
Ceramics
Polymers
Composites
Natural Resins
Glasses
Soils
Clays
Foods
Cements
Stone
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