Literature Review

Stabilization of high plastic soil with lime and

zeolite.
Write a short title here describing your problem
statement concisely, in one brief sentence.
Sheikh Muhammad Waqar, F2019136012, MS Civil Engineering

landfill liner. Zeolite's preference is due to its high

PROBLEM STATEMENT adsorption potential for heavy metals as well as its
Clay soil in subgrade of road is a serious problem. pozzolanicity already well known. The results
The major problem of clay is the excessive indicated improved properties with curing when
settlements, lack of shear strength and less bearing using extensive soil to zeolite ratio of 0.5. Swell
capacity so for overcoming these problem we have capacity was observed to decrease by 85 percent
to stabilize the soil before construction of road over the 90 day healing period, while shrinking and
compressibility characteristics showed a 30-34
LITERATURE REVIEW percent decrease. Under all confining pressure
ranges tested, the hydraulic conductivity was found
Yadav and Kushwaha (2018) attributed It is well
to remain below the regulatory limit, given the
known that cement, stabilized sand is one of soil
curing time was at least 90 days. In addition, the
stabilization’s environmental and economic
mixture with time achieved enhanced strength
problems. Improving local cement and zeolite soils
characteristics and proved to be sustainable over the
can bring great benefits, including strength of the
period studied. Under all confining pressure ranges
slopes by problems of slope stability, stabilizing
tested, the hydraulic conductivity was found to
weak soils and stopping liquefaction of the soil.
remain below the regulatory limit, given the curing
Dosage methodologies for soil improvement are
time was at least 90 days. In addition, the mixture
being established recently on the basis of a logical
with time achieved enhanced strength characteristics
criteria as it exists in concrete engineering .The
and proved to be sustainable over the period studied.
effects of zeolite on the characteristics of cement
Mola-Abasi and Shooshpashaet. (2016) found that
treated sands were investigated in this analysis,
cemented sand is well known to be one of the
based on an al-program experiment. The effects of
financial and eco-friendly problems of soil
zeolite on the features of cement treated sands were
stabilization .In this situation, a mixture of sand,
investigated in this analysis, based on an al-program
cement and other materials such as carbon, glass,
experiment Portland cement and zeolite are included
nanoparticles and zeolite can be commercially
as a stabilizing agent. Results show that
available and can be used effectively in road
permeability is decreased as the content of cement
construction soil stabilization .Nevertheless,
increases. We add 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% cement by
zeolite's effect and effectiveness on the properties of
weight of sand, after which 10% cement add a
cemented sand classifications has not been fully
different percentage of zeolite by weight of cement
explored. In this study, based on a system of
By replacing the cement in the mixture and finding
experiments. To study the impact of zeolite on
permeability, permeability is also reduced here
cemented sand characteristics. The stabilizing agent
Furthermore, in the compaction test the peak value
includes Type II cement and zeolite from Portland.
of MDD is obtained at 10% cement by weight of
Results show improvements in the unconfined
sand with 50% Zeolite replacement by weight of
compressive test (UCT) and failure properties of
cement.
cemented sand when the cement is replaced by
Öncü (2017) attributed that experimental study
zeolite at an average 30%age after 28 days. The
evaluates the appropriateness of a local expensive
strength enhancement rate varies from about 20% to
soil mixed with zeolite readily obtained from
78%.With the increase in cement quantity and
turkey’s natural reserve to be proposed as semi-arid
porosity, the efficacy of using zeolite increases.
Eventually, it is demonstrated that a power function
of the void-cement ratio and zeolite material is an
suitable method for testing zeolite-cemented
mixtures UCS.
Ling et.all. (2013) investigates organic soil content
to prevent the development of lime-stabilizing
reaction products resulting in low strength gains in
the treatment of organic soils. In this research,
zeolite, a form of pozzolan with high CEC strength,
is proposed to be used to improve the lime stability
of organic soil. The efficiency of mixed lime zeolite
in organic soil stabilization was examined using two
types of organic synthetic soil with predetermined
organic content. Through mixing inorganic soil
(commercial kaolin) with organic matter
(commercial humic acid) at a particular ratio,
artificial organic soils are created Initial lime
consumption was estimated for organic soils to
determine the minimum percentage of stabilizer
required for each soil. Potential determining factors,
such as natural materials, stabilizer contents, and
healing cycles, have been identified. The study
findings showed that high organic content and low
lime content resulted in lower strength gains.. It is
noticed, however, that a minor substitution of lime
with zeolite works well with low organic soil at long
healing times, resulting in the highest strength
among all the mixtures. Overall, longer periods of
healing would increase soil strength by 56 days > 28
days > 7 days. Nonetheless, the percentage of
increase in strength during healing periods is linear
with the lime content, which has shown that lime is
required for pozzolanic reaction.
Turkoz and Vural (2013) attributed that analysis of
dispersive and extensive soils is considered
problematic and many construction systems have
serious problems with these soil properties.
Comprehensive studies have been conducted for
many years with the goal of improving soil swelling
and dispersive properties through the use of
additives. That function associated with enhancing
the dispersive and swell properties of clay soil with
additives has been evaluated separately in the
literature. The effect of cement and natural zeolite
additives on the dispersibility characteristics and
swelling ability of clay soils was investigated in this
study. A fixed percentage of cement (3%) plus
various percentages of natural zeolite (1%, 3%, 6%,
10%, 15% and 20%) was combined with four
different samples of clay soil. Next, the physical and
chemical properties of the soil samples have been
calculated in this context. Next, the swelling
percentage, swelling pressure, crumb, pinhole and
unconfined compressive strength tests were
performed on samples with and without the additive
to achieve specific compaction characteristics.
Significant improvements in strength depended on
the healing time and improved properties with the
mixture of cement and zeolite additives depending
on the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the
exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of clay soil
samples with various plasticity characteristics,
dispersive and swelling properties. This research not
only demonstrated that a mixture of cement and
zeolite additives enhanced the dispersive and
swelling properties of clay soil samples with four
different plasticity characteristics, depending on
their SAR and ESP values, but also observed
significant increases in strength values.
DEMİRBAŞ (2009) attributed Expensive soils are
a global problem that presents a number of
challenges for civil engineers. When they have
access to water, these soils swell and shrink once
they dry out. The most common and cost-effective
way to stabilize these soils is to use admixtures to
prevent volume changes. This research explores the
impact of using Bigadic zeolite (boron by-product)
to reduce the potential for swelling. Through
combining kaolinite and bentonite, the extensive soil
is prepared in the laboratory. Bigadic zeolite (boron
through-product) is applied by weight to the soil at
0-25A portion of it. Distribution of grain size,
Atterberg limits and percent swelling and mixture
swelling level are calculated. Specimens are treated
for 7 days and 28 days. As a result of the
experimental study, Bigadic zeolite (boron by-
product) was introduced to decrease swelling
potential and swelling level of the artificially
prepared expansive soil sample under laboratory
conditions. Healing positively influences the swell
level and swell rate of the stabilized samples.
REFERENCES
1. Yadav, P. R. (2018).
Effect of addition of zeolite and cement on soil g
eotechnical properties. International Research
Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET),
851-856..
2. Öncü, Ş., & Bilsel, H. (2017). Effect of
zeolite utilization on volume change and strength
properties of expansive soil as landfill
barrier. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 54(9),
1320-1330.
3. Mola-Abasi, H., & Shooshpasha, I. (2016).
Influence of zeolite and cement additions on
mechanical behavior of sandy soil. Journal of Rock
Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 8(5),
746-752.
4. Ling, F. N. L., Kassim, K. A., Karim, A.,
Tarmizi, A., & Chan, T. W. (2013). Stabilization of
artificial organic soil at room temperature using
blended lime zeolite. In Advanced materials
research (Vol. 723, pp. 985-992). Trans Tech
Publications.
5. Turkoz, M., & Vural, P. (2013). The effects of
cement and natural zeolite additives on problematic
clay soils. Science and Engineering of Composite
Materials, 20(4), 395-405.
6. Shi, J. X. (2013). The applications of zeolite
in sustainable binders for soil stabilization.
In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 256, pp.
112-115). Trans Tech Publications.
7. GÜNEŞDEMİRBAŞ. (2009). Stabilization of
Expansive Soils using Bigadic Zeolite. Middle East
Technical University.