Question Bank in Control Systems A. Overdamped C.

Under damped
B. Critically damped D. Unstable

1. Any externally introduced input signal affecting the 13. The presence of feedback in a control system
controlled output is known as a A. Increases accuracy and reduces bandwidth
A. Signal C. Stimulus B. Reduces bandwidth and increases distortion
B. Feedback D. Gain Control C. Increases effects of non-linearities and reduces
distortion
2. A power amplifying feedback control system where D. Reduces distortion and increases bandwidth
in the controlled variable is mechanical position or a
time derivative of position such as velocity or 14. The servo systems with step acceleration input is a
acceleration, is called A. Type 0 system
A. Servomechanism C. Timer B. Type 1 system
B. Regulator D. Automation C. Type 2 systems
D. Type 3 system
3. A servomechanism is generally made up of
A. Power amplifier 15. The phase margin is the amount of angle to make a
B. Error actuated signal system
C. Mechanical output A. Stable C. Exponential
D. All of the above B. Damped D. Unstable

4. Under force-voltage analogy, mass is analogous to 16. Regulator can be categorized as

A. Resistance C. Inductance A. Type 0 system
B. Charge D. Current B. Type 1 system
C. Type 2 systems
5. Routh Hurwitz criterion provides D. Type 3 system
A. Roots in right half of s-plane
B. Roots in left hand of s-plane 17. A good control system have all the following
C. Roots in right half of s-plane and/or roots on features EXCEPT
imaginary axis A. Good accuracy
D. Roots in left half of s-plane and/or roots on B. Sufficient power handling capacity
imaginary axis C. Slow response
D. Good stability
6. The transfer function of a system can be used for
evaluating 18. The system response can be tested better with the
A. Time constant help of
B. Feedback A. Sinusoidal input signal
C. Type of system B. Unit impulse input signal
D. Output for a given input C. Ramp input signal
D. Exponentially decaying signal
7. Which of the following statements is not correct for
open loop control system? 19. A unity feedback control system with plant 1/s(s + 3)
A. Less expensive and proportional plus integral controller would need
B. Generally free from problems of non-linearities how many state variables for a state model
C. Input command is the sole factor responsible description?
for providing the control action A. 1 C. 3
D. Presence of non-linearities causes mal- B. 2 D. 4
functioning
20. Under force-voltage analogy, velocity is analogous
2𝑠+1 to which of the following?
8. The transfer function 𝑃𝑠 = denotes a/an
𝑠 2 +𝑠+1 A. charge C. inductance
A. Stable system B. capacitance D. current
B. Unstable system
C. Marginally stable system 21. In force-current analogy, capacitance is analogous
D. None of these to which of the following?
A. mass C. displacement
9. In an open loop system the control action B. velocity D. momentum
A. Depends on the input signal
B. Depends on system variables 22. One of the following methods can be used to
C. Depends on size of the system determine the relative stability of a control system
D. Is independent of the output A. Routh stability criterion
B. Hurwitz stability criterion
10. The effect of error rate damping is C. Root-locus technique
A. To reduce steady state error D. none of these
B. Faster response
C. Faster response and reduction in steady state 23. Routh table was constructed from the characteristic
error equation of a control system. The first column of the
D. Faster response and larger settling time table contained the following integers 1, 4, 5, 6, 13.
The system is
11. Select the one that is an open loop control system? A. Stable
A. Stroboscope B. Unstable
B. Field controlled dc motor C. Marginally stable
C. Ward Leonard control D. none of these
D. Metadyne
24. Which of the following best defines a transfer
12. If the damping factor of a system is unity. Then the function?
system is
 A. Ratio of system response to a system input Fig. 1 Fig. 2
function
B. Ratio of system input function to system
response Fig. 3 Fig. 4
C. Laplace transform of system response minus A. Figure 1 C. Figure 3
the Laplace transform of the system input B. Figure 2 D. Figure 4
function
D. Ratio of Laplace transform of system response 31. A feedback control system shown below is
to the Laplace transform of the system input subjected to noise N(s). The noise transfer function
function 𝐶𝑁 (𝑠)
is
𝑁(𝑠)
25. Analysis of control system by Laplace transform
technique is NOT possible for which one of the
following?
A. Linear systems
B. Time-invariant systems
C. Discrete-time systems
D. unstable continuous-time systems 𝐺2
A.
1+𝐺1 𝐺2 𝐻
26. The equivalent transfer function of three parallel 𝐺2
1 1 𝑠+3 B. 1+𝐺1 𝐻
blocks 𝐺1 (𝑠) = , 𝐺2 (𝑠) = and 𝐺3 (𝑠) = .
𝑠+1 𝑠+4 𝑠+5 𝐺2
𝒔𝟑 +𝟏𝟎𝒔𝟐 +𝟑𝟒𝒔+𝟑𝟕 C.
A. 1+𝐺2 𝐻
(𝒔+𝟏)(𝒔+𝟒)(𝒔+𝟓)
𝑠+3 D. None of the above
B.
(𝑠+1)(𝑠+4)(𝑠+5)
−(𝑠 3 +10𝑠 2 +34𝑠+37) 32. A system is shown below. The transfer function for
C. this system is
(𝑠+1)(𝑠+4)(𝑠+5)
−(𝑠+3)
D.
(𝑠+1)(𝑠+4)(𝑠+5)

1
27. The block having transfer functions 𝐺1 (𝑠) = ,
𝑠+2
1 𝑠+1
𝐺2 (𝑠) = and 𝐺3 (𝑠) = are cascaded. The
𝑠+5 𝑠+3 𝐺1 𝐺2
equivalent transfer function is A.
𝑠 3 +10𝑠 2 +37𝑠+31 1+𝐺1 𝐺2 𝐻2 +𝐺2 𝐻1
A. 𝐺1 𝐺2
(𝑠+2)(𝑠+3)(𝑠+5) B.
𝒔+𝟏 1+𝐺1 𝐺2 +𝐻1 𝐻2
B. 𝐺1 𝐺2
(𝒔+𝟐)(𝒔+𝟑)(𝒔+𝟓)
−(𝑠 3 +10𝑠 2 +37𝑠+31) C.
C. 1−𝐺1 𝐻1 −𝐺2 𝐻2 +𝐺1 𝐺2 𝐻1 𝐻2
(𝑠+2)(𝑠+3)(𝑠+5) 𝑮𝟏 𝑮𝟐
D.
−(𝑠+1) D.
(𝑠+2)(𝑠+3)(𝑠+5) 𝟏+𝑮𝟏 𝑯𝟏 +𝑮𝟐 𝑯𝟐 +𝑮𝟏 𝑮𝟐 𝑯𝟏 𝑯𝟐

28. For a negative feedback shown below, 𝐺(𝑠) = 33. The closed loop gain of the system shown below is
𝑠+1 𝑠+3
and 𝐻(𝑠) = . The equivalent transfer
𝑠(𝑠+2) 𝑠+4
function is

A. -2 C. -6
B. 6 D. 2
𝑠(𝑠+2)(𝑠+3) (𝒔+𝟏)(𝒔+𝟒)
A. C.
𝑠 3 +7𝑠 2 +12𝑠+3 𝒔𝟑 +𝟕𝒔𝟐 +𝟏𝟐𝒔+𝟑 34. The block diagrams below are equivalent if G is
𝑠(𝑠+2)(𝑠+3) (𝑠+1)(𝑠+4)
B. D. equal to
𝑠3 +5𝑠2 +4𝑠−3 𝑠 3 +5𝑠 2 +4𝑠−3

29. A feedback control system is shown below. The

transfer function for this system is

𝐺1 𝐺2 𝐺2 𝐺3 A. s+1 C. s+2
A.
1+𝐻1 𝐺1 𝐺2 𝐺3
C. 1+𝐻1 𝐺1 𝐺2 𝐺3
B. 2 D. 1
𝑮𝟐 𝑮𝟑 𝐺1 𝐺2
B. 𝑮𝟏 (𝟏+𝑯𝟏 𝑮𝟐 𝑮𝟑 )
D. 𝐺1 (1+𝐻1 𝐺2 𝐺3 )
35. Consider the systems shown below. If the forward
path gain is reduced by 10% in each system, then
the variation in C1 and C2 will be respectively
30. Consider the system shown below.

Which of the following figures is the input-output

relationship of this system?
A. 10% and 1% C. 10% and 0%
B. 2% and 10% D. 5% and 1%
 46. The forward-path transfer of a ufb control system is
36. In the signal flow graph shown below, the sum of 𝐺(𝑠) =
1000
. The step, ramp, and
loop gain of non-touching loops is (1+0.1𝑠)(1+10𝑠)
parabolic error constants are
A. 0, 1000, 0 C. 0, 0, 0
B. 1000, 0, 0 D. 0, 0, 1000

47. A system has a position error constant Kp = 3. The

steady state error for input of 8tu(t) is
A. t32t23 + t44 C. t24t43t32 + t44 A. 2.67 C. infinity
B. t23t32 + t34t43 D. t23t32 + t34t43 + t44 B. 2 D. 0

37. The sum of the gains of the feedback paths in the 48. In the Bode-plot of a unity feedback control system,
signal flow graph below is the value of magnitude of G(jω) at the phase
crossover frequency is ½. The gain margin is
A. 2 C. 1/3
B. 1/2 D. 3
A. af + be + cd + abef + bcde
49. In the Bode-plot of a unity feedback control system,
B. af + be + cd
the value of phase of G(jω) at the gain crossover
C. af + be + cd + abef + abcdef
frequency is -120o. The phase margin of the system
D. af + be + cd + cbef + bcde + abcdef
is
A. -120o C. -60o
38. The overall transfer function C/R of the system o
B. 60 D. 120o
below will be
50. The Nyquist plot of an open-loop transfer function
G(jω)H(jω) of a system encloses th (-1, j0) point.
The gain margin of the system is
𝑮 A. Less than zero C. zero
A. 𝐺 C.
(𝟏+𝑯𝟏 )(𝟏+𝑯𝟐 ) B. Greater than zero D. infinity
𝐺 𝐺
B. D.
1+𝐻2 1+𝐻1 +𝐻2
51. If the gain margin of a certain feedback system is
given as 20 dB, the Nyquist plot will cross the
39. In the signal flow graph shown below, the transfer
negative real axis at the point
function is
A. s = -0.05 C. s = -0.1
B. s = -0.2 D. s = -0.01

52. The term “reset control” refers to

A. 3.75 C. 3 A. Integral control
B. -3 D. -3.75 B. Derivative control
C. Proportional control
40. The forward-path transfer function of a unity D. None of the above
𝐾(𝑠−2)(𝑠+4)(𝑠+5)
feedback (ufb) system is 𝐺(𝑠) = .
𝑠 2 +3 53. If stability error for step input and speed of response
For system to be stable, the range of K is be the criteria for design, the suitable controller will
A. K > 1/54 C. 1/54 < K < 3/40 be
B. K < 3/40 D. unstable A. P controller C. PD controller
B. PI controller D. PID controller
41. The forward path transfer of ufb system is 𝐺(𝑠) =
1 54. The transfer function (1 + 0.5s)/(1 + s) represent a
. The system is
4𝑠 2 (𝑠 2 +1) A. Lag network
A. stable B. Lead network
B. unstable C. Lag-lead network
C. marginally stable D. Proportional controller
D. more information is required
55. Derivative control
42. The closed loop transfer function of a system is A. has the same effect as output rate control
𝑠 3 +4𝑠 2 +8𝑠+16
𝑇(𝑠) = 5 4 2 . The number of poles in right B. reduces damping
𝑠 +3𝑠 +5𝑠 +𝑠+3
half-plane and in left half-plane are C. is predictive in nature
A. 3, 2 C. 1, 4 D. increases the order of the system
B. 2, 3 D. 4, 1
56. The transfer function of a compensating network is
43. For a second order system settling time is Ts = 7 s of the form (1 + αTs)/(1 + Ts). If this is a phase-lag
and peak time is Tp = 3 s. The location of poles are network, the value of α should be
A. -0.97 ± j0.69 C. -1.047 ± j0.571 A. greater than 1
B. -0.69 ± j0.97 D. -0.571 ± j1.047 B. between 0 and 1
C. exactly equal to 1
44. For a second order system overshoot = 10% and D. exactly equal to 0
peak time Tp = 5 s. The location of poles are
A. -0.46 ± j0.63 C. -0.74 ± j0.92 57. While designing controller, the advantage of pole-
B. -0.63 ± j0.46 D. -0.92 ± j0.74 zero cancellation is
A. the system order is increased
45. For a second order system overshoot = 12% and B. the system order is reduced
settling time = 0.6 s. The location of poles are C. the cost of controller becomes low
A. -9.88 ± j6.67 C. -4.38 ± j6.46 D. system’s error reduced to optimum levels
B. -6.67 ± j9.88 D. -6.46 ± j4.38
58. A proportional controller leads to
 A. infinite error for step input of type 1 system 68. The z-transform of an anti-causal system is 𝑋(𝑧) =
B. infinite error for step input of type 0 system 12−21𝑧
. The value of x[0] is
C. zero steady state error for step input for type 1 3−7𝑧+12𝑧 2
A. -7/4 C. 4
system
B. 0 D. Does not exist
D. zero steady state error for step input for type 0
system 𝑧(8𝑧−7)
69. Given the z-transform 𝑋(𝑧) = 2 . The limit of
4𝑧 −7𝑧+3
59. The transfer function of a phase compensator is x[∞] is
given by (1 + aTs)/(1 + Ts) where a > 1 and T > 0. A. 1 C. ∞
The maximum phase shift provided by such B. 2 D. 0
compensator is
A. tan-1 ((a + 1)/(a – 1)) 70. In the signal flow graph shown, the gain C/R is
B. sin-1 ((a – 1)/(a + 1))
C. tan-1 ((a – 1)/(a + 1))
D. cos-1 ((a – 1)/(a + 1))

60. For an electrically heated temperature controlled

liquid heater, the best controller is A. 44/23 C. 44/19
A. Single-position controller B. 29/19 D. 29/11
B. Two-position controller
C. Floating controller 71. The forward-path transfer function of a unity
𝐾
D. Proportional-position controller feedback system is 𝐺(𝑠) = . The system
𝑠 𝑛 (𝑠+𝑎)
has 10% overshoot and velocity error constant Kv =
61. In case of phase-lag compensation used in system,
100. The value of K is
gain crossover frequency, bandwidth and
A. 237 x 103 C. 14.4 x 103
undamped frequency are respectively
B. 144 D. 237
A. decreased, decreased, decreased
B. increased, increased, increased
72. The forward-path transfer function of a unity
C. increased, increased, decreased 𝐾
D. increased, decreased, decreased feedback system is 𝐺(𝑠) = . The system
𝑠 𝑛 (𝑠+𝑎)
has 10% overshoot and velocity error constant Kv =
62. A lag network for compensation normally consists 100.The value of a is
of A. 23.7 x 103 C. 14.4 x 103
A. R, L and C elements B. 237 D. 144
B. R and L elements
C. R and C elements 73. A unity feedback system has open-loop function
D. R only 1
𝐺(𝑠) = . Which of the following figures
𝑠(2𝑠+1)(𝑠+1)
63. The pole-zero plot given below is that of a is the Nyquist plot for the given system?

A. PID controller
B. PD controller
Fig. 1 Fig. 2
C. Integrator
D. Lag-lead compensating network

64. The correct sequence of steps needed to improve

system stability is
A. reduce gain, use negative feedback, insert
derivative action Fig. 3
B. reduce gain, insert derivative action, use Fig. 4
negative feedback
C. insert derivative action, use negative feedback, A. Figure 1 C. Figure 3
reduce gain B. Figure 2 D. Figure 4
D. use negative feedback, reduce gain, insert
derivative action 74. A unity feedback system has open-loop function
1
𝐺(𝑠) = . The phase crossover and gain
𝑠(2𝑠+1)(𝑠+1)
65. In a derivative error compensation crossover frequencies are
A. damping decreases and setting time decreases A. 1.414 rad/sec, 0.57 rad/sec
B. damping increases and setting time increases B. 1.414 rad/sec, 1.38 rad/sec
C. damping decreases and setting time increases C. 0.707 rad/sec, 0.57 rad/sec
D. damping increases and setting time decreases D. 0.707 rad/sec, 1.38 rad/sec
66. An ON-OFF controller is a 75. A unity feedback system has open-loop function
A. P controller 1
B. PID controller 𝐺(𝑠) = . The gain margin and phase
𝑠(2𝑠+1)(𝑠+1)
C. Integral controller margin are
D. Non-linear controller A. -3.52 dB, -168.5o
B. -3.52 dB, 11.6o
67. The z-transform of a causal system is given as C. 3.52 dB, -168.5o
2−1.5𝑧 −1
𝑋(𝑧) = . The x[0] is D. 3.52 dB, 11.6o
1−1.5𝑧 −1 +0.5𝑧 −2
A. -1.5 C. 1.5
B. 2 D. 0 76.
A. C.
B. D.
77. A. loop gain C. branch gain
A. C. B. path gain D. none of these
B. D.
87. It is a path which originates and terminates on the
same node
78. In Fig. 1.1, the transfer function V2/V1 is given to be A. forward path C. self-loop
B. feedback path D. none of these

88. It is the body, process, or machine, of which

particular quantity or condition is to be controlled.
A. Plant C. Feedback
Element
Fig 1.1 B. Control Element D. none of these
RCs RC
A. C. 89. It is that quantity or condition of the plant which is
RCs  1 RCs 2  1
controlled.
RC RCs A. Controlled Output C. Actuating
B. D.
RCs  1 RC  1 Signal
B. Manipulated variable D. none of these
79. The transfer function of c’(t) + 2c(t) = r(t), where c(t)
is the input and r(t) is the output of the system, is 90.
given by A. C.
1 s B. D.
A. C.
s2 s2
91.
1 s 92.
B. D.
s2 s2

80. The passive element of a translational mechanical

system are
A. spring, resistor, capacitor
B. spring, mass, friction
C. spring, viscous damper, mass
D. spring, viscous damper, inertia

81. The transfer function of a spring is given by

A. fvs2 C. Ms2
B. k D. none of these

82. In Fig. 1.2, the transfer function V2/V1 is given to be

Fig. 1.2
R R
A. C.
R  sL R  sL
s Rs
B. D.
R  sL R  sL

83. Below are some of the advantages that feedback

control offers except
A. Increases accuracy
B. Reduced effects of disturbances
C. Increases in operational expenses
D. Reduced sensitivity to changes in component

84. It is the most extensively used graphical

representation of a feedback control system.
A. signal flow graph C. flow chart
B. block diagram D. none of these

85. It is a power-amplifying feedback control system in

which the controlled variable is mechanical position,
or a time derivative of position such as velocity or
acceleration.
A. gyroscope C.
servomechanism
B. transducer D. amplidyne

86. It is the product of the branch gains encountered in

transversing a path.