CIT LAB 3

Troubleshooting Routing Protocols Part 2

Lab 3: Troubleshooting Routing Protocols Part 2

Objective
Isolate, identify, and correct problems with the OSPF, EIGRP, and IS-IS routing protocols.

Lab Topology
For this lab, your network design will include two pods of devices. Both pods will be configured upon the initial
loading of the lab. The Topology diagram below represents the NetMap in the Simulator. To access each of the de-
vices from within the Simulator, select the device name from the appropriate menu in the Simulator. For example,
to access P1R1, click the eRouters button and select P1R1 from the drop-down menu.

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Command Summary
Command Description
configure terminal enters global configuration mode
ping requests a reply packet from a destination host to
test network reachability
interface interface_type interface_num changes from global config mode to interface config
mode
ip address ip_address sets the IP address to the specified value
enable enters privileged EXEC mode
disable returns to user EXEC mode
exit exits one level in the menu structure
debug ip displays IP diagnostic information
router protocol changes to router configuration mode
network network enables a routing protocol to route for an attached
network
show ip route displays the loaded routing protocols
show interface displays the interface’s Data Link layer status
show ip interface brief displays a summary of each interface’s IP configura-
tion and its status
show running-config displays the active configuration file
traceroute displays the network path to a given destination
show ip protocols displays active IP routing protocols
show cdp neighbor detail displays directly connected neighbor devices and
their device types, interface names, and IP ad-
dresses

Lab Tasks
Task 1: Load the Lab 3 Initial Configuration
1. Make sure the correct topology and configuration files for this lab are loaded. This should occur auto-
matically when you select this lab from the Lab Navigator. Review the Lab Topology diagram, and note
that you will be required to analyze the network and identify, isolate, and correct various configuration
errors.

Task 2
A. Document the Network
1. You have been asked to solve a problem on a network with incomplete documentation. Before you at-
tempt to correct the problems, your first step should be to document the current state of the network.
Using the supplied Lab Topology diagram, fill in the missing information, including interface types and
IP addresses. As you examine the current configuration, record any additional information that might be

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useful as you begin to identify, isolate, and correct problems. Note: Since multiple routing protocols and
route redistribution are involved, you may wish to include routing topology information in your diagram.
B. Analyze the Network
1. Begin at P1R1 and examine the state of the network from this point. What information does P1R1 have
about the other networks?
___________________________________________________________
2. How did you gather this information?
___________________________________________________________
3. Based on what you see, what might be causing this situation?
___________________________________________________________
C. Isolate the Problem
1. Are you able to move traffic across the backbone to Pod 2 (P2R1, P2R2, and P2R3)?
__________________________________________________
2. What neighbor routers should be sending updates to P1R1? What command did you use to determine
this?
__________________________________________________________
3. Are dynamic routing protocols running on the routers that connect the backbone? Which ones? How did
you determine this?
___________________________________________________________
4. Does P1R1 have connectivity to neighboring routers? How did you test this? What does this tell you?
____________________________________________________________
5. How should you proceed from here?
___________________________________________________________
D. Correct the Error
1. Since updates are not being received from Pod 2, what routing protocol are backbone routers P1R1 and
P2R1 using to update each other’s routing tables?
______________________________________________________________
2. Is IS-IS configured and running on both backbone routers? How do you know?
___________________________________________________________
3. Do you see a problem with the way IS-IS is configured on either backbone router? If so, what configura-
tion change do you propose?
______________________________________________________________
4. What change in the state of the network do you see after changing the configuration?
___________________________________________________________
Task 3
A. Analyze the Network
1. How has the routing table on P1R1 changed?
_____________________________________________________________
2. Examine the network from the other routers. What areas of the network are unreachable by other routers?
______________________________________________________________
3. What parts of the network are unreachable as a result of this?
_____________________________________________________________

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B. Isolate the Problem

1. Which routers and routing protocols are responsible for delivering the missing routes?
___________________________________________________________
2. How did you determine this?
___________________________________________________________
3. What step should you take next?
______________________________________________________________
C. Correct the Error
1. Is the correct routing protocol running on the routers you identified in B1?
____________________________________________________
2. Are the correct networks being advertised?
___________________________________________________________
3. If not, write the correct network commands here.
_____________________________________________________________
4. Change the configuration by using the network commands you wrote above. What is the state of the
network now?
___________________________________________________________
Task 4
A. Analyze the Network
1. Do all routes in both pods have full connectivity to each other?
___________________________________________________________
2. What problems remain?
___________________________________________________________
3. Can you give a specific example of a lack of reachability?
___________________________________________________________
B. Isolate the Problem
1. What two routers are most responsible for providing information on Pod 1 subnets to Pod 2?
__________________________________________________________
2. Explain how P1R2 and P1R1 communicate routing table updates to Pod 2.
_____________________________________________________________
C. Correct the Error
1. Based on your analysis above, what configuration error is preventing updates from being sent to Pod 2?
____________________________________________________
2. What configuration changes should you make to correct this problem?
____________________________________________________________
3. After making your proposed configuration change, what is the state of the network?
_____________________________________________________
Task 5
A. Analyze the Network
1. Check to make sure you have complete reachability on your network. Can all routers in Pod 1 ping all
subnets in Pod 2?
___________________________________________________________

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2. Can all routers in Pod 2 ping all subnets in Pod 1?

___________________________________________________________
B. Isolate the Problem
1. Which subnets in Pod 2 are not reachable from P1R1?
___________________________________________________________
2. Which subnets in Pod 1 are not reachable from Pod 2?
___________________________________________________________
3. Which router(s) and routing protocol(s) are responsible for advertising the missing subnet(s)?
___________________________________________________________
C. Correct the Error
1. Examine the configuration of P1R2. Do you see anything that would prevent it from advertising all the
networks it knows about?
________________________________________________________________
2. If you see a configuration error, what configuration changes would you propose?
________________________________________________________________
3. What is the state of the network after the configuration change is made?
________________________________________________________________

Verify the Configuration

1. Refer to the Lab Topology diagram.
2. From the console of each router, make sure you can ping all other routers in Pod 1 and Pod 2.
3. Use the Save Multi Devices Configs option in the File menu to save the configurations on all routers.
Name the files CIT Lab 3.

Lab Solutions
Task 2
A. Document the Network
1. Complete the network documentation by filling in missing information on the Lab Topology diagram.
B. Analyze the Network
1. P1R1 has no information about the directly connected networks of any other routers in the network. P1R1
only knows about its own directly connected networks.
2. by using the show ip route command and viewing the contents of the routing table
3. The routing tables are not receiving dynamic updates from other network routers. A possible reason is
that a routing protocol such as EIGRP or OSPF is misconfigured.
C. Isolate the Problem
1. Attempted pings across the backbone to any of the interfaces on P2R2 and P2R3 fail. Pings to the
directly connected backbone router, P2R1, are successful.
2. The output of the show cdp neighbor detail command shows that P2R1 and P1R2 are directly con-
nected and should be sending updates to P1R1.
3. Yes. The output of the show ip protocols command shows that IS-IS and OSPF are running on P1R1
and P2R1.
4. Yes. Successful pings of the interfaces learned via show cdp neighbor detail demonstrate that Layer

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3 is working properly. Traffic will pass between P1R1 and P2R1. Pings between P1R1 and P2R1 are suc-
cessful; however, P1R1 and P2R1 are not receiving dynamic routing updates from their neighbors.
5. Examine the configuration of dynamic routing protocols on P1R1 and its neighbors, P2R1 and P1R2.
D. Correct the Error
1. IS-IS
2. Yes. The output of the show running-config and show ip protocols commands shows you that IS-
IS is configured and running on both backbone routers.
3. Yes. IS-IS is running on P1R1, but it is not bound to any interface. Add ip router isis to the FastEther-
net 0/0 configuration.
4. P1R1 is now receiving routing table updates across the backbone from Pod 2.
Task 3
A. Analyze the Network
1. Updates are now being received from P2R1 across the backbone in Pod 2.
2. None of the routers in Pod 2 are receiving routes to any of the 192.168.1.0 subnets in Pod 1.
3. The directly connected networks of P1R2 and P2R2 are unreachable.
B. Isolate the Problem
1. OSPF on P1R2 and P2R2 is responsible for delivering the missing routes.
2. by using show cdp neighbor and show ip protocols on P1R1 and P2R2
3. You should examine the OSPF configuration on P1R2 and P2R2.
C. Correct the Error
1. Yes. OSPF is running on P1R2 and P2R2.
2. No.
3. on P1R2:
no network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 area 0
network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 192.168.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
on P2R2:
no network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 area 0
network 192.168.2.32 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 192.168.2.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
4. Networks directly connected to P1R2 and P2R2 are now reachable from Pod 1.
Task 4
A. Analyze the Network
1. No.
2. Pod 2 does not have routes to the 192.168.1.0 subnets in Pod 1.
3. A ping from P2R2 to 192.168.1.49 fails because no routes exist to 192.168.1.0.
B. Isolate the Problem
1. P1R2 and P1R1
2. P1R2 runs both EIGRP and OSPF. This router advertises its own routes via OSPF and by using route re-
distribution; it advertises EIGRP routes learned from its neighbors. P1R1 runs OSPF and IS-IS. It injects
its OSPF-learned routes into IS-IS through redistribution. IS-IS runs on core routers P1R1 and P2R2;
thus, all Pod 1 subnets are advertised to Pod 2.

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C. Correct the Error

1. P1R1 is not redistributing its OSPF-learned routes into IS-IS.
2. Add redistribute ospf 1 to the IS-IS configuration.
3. Routes to Pod 1 subnets are now being distributed to Pod 2 as evidenced by the output of show ip
route on P2R2.
Task 5
A. Analyze the Network
1. Yes.
2. No.
B. Isolate the Problem
1. All subnets in Pod 2 are reachable from P1R1.
2. Pod 1 subnets 192.168.1.48/28 and 192.168.1.64/28 are not reachable from Pod 2.
3. OSPF on P1R2
C. Correct the Error
1. P1R2 is not redistributing its EIGRP-learned routes into OSPF.
2. Add redistribute ospf 1 to the EIGRP configuration of P1R2.
3. All routers in both Pod 1 and Pod 2 can ping each other now.

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Sample Configuration Scripts

Pod 1 Router 1 Pod 1 Router 2 Pod 1 Router 3
Version 12.1 Version 12.1 Version 12.1
service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime service timestamps log uptime service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption no service password-encryption no service password-encryption
hostname P1R1 hostname P1R2 !
ip subnet-zero ip subnet-zero hostname P1R3
interface Loopback0 interface Loopback0 !
ip address 192.168.1.1 ip address 192.168.1.17 !
255.255.255.240 255.255.255.240 !
no ip directed broadcast no ip directed broadcast ip subnet-zero
interface Serial0/0 interface Serial0/0 !
ip address 192.168.1.33 ip address 192.168.1.34 !
255.255.255.252 255.255.255.252 interface Loopback0
no ip directed-broadcast no ip directed-broadcast ip address 192.168.1.65
clock rate 64000 interface FastEthernet0/0 255.255.255.240
interface Serial0/1 ip address 192.168.1.49 no ip directed broadcast
no ip address 255.255.255.240 !
no ip directed-broadcast no ip directed-broadcast interface FastEthernet0/0
shutdown ip ospf cost 1 ip address 192.168.1.50
interface FastEthernet0/0 router eigrp 100 255.255.255.240
ip address 10.100.100.1 redistribute OSPF 1 no ip directed-broadcast
255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.0 !
ip router isis router ospf 1 !
no ip directed-broadcast redistribute EIGRP 100 router eigrp 100
ip ospf cost 1 network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.3 network 192.168.1.0
router ospf 1 area 0 !
redistribute ISIS network 192.168.1.16 0.0.0.15 ip classless
network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.3 area 0 no ip http server
area 0 ip classless !
router isis no ip http server !
net 49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00 line con 0 !
redistribute OSPF 1 transport input none line con 0
ip classless line aux 0 transport input none
no ip http server line vty 0 4 line aux 0
line con 0 ! line vty 0 4
transport input none no scheduler allocate !
line aux 0 end no scheduler allocate
line vty 0 4 end
!
no scheduler allocate
end

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Sample Configuration Scripts

Pod 2 Router 1 Pod 2 Router 2 Pod 2 Router 3
version 12.1 version 12.1 version 12.1
service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime service timestamps log uptime service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption no service password-encryption no service password-encryption
hostname P2R1 hostname P2R2 !
ip subnet-zero ip subnet-zero hostname P2R3
interface Loopback0 interface Loopback0 !
ip address 192.168.2.1 ip address 192.168.2.17 !
255.255.255.240 255.255.255.240 !
no ip directed broadcast no ip directed broadcast ip subnet-zero
interface Serial0/0 interface Serial0/0 !
ip address 192.168.2.33 ip address 192.168.2.34 !
255.255.255.252 255.255.255.252 !
no ip directed-broadcast no ip directed-broadcast !
clock rate 64000 interface FastEthernet0/0 !
interface Serial0/1 ip address 192.168.2.49 !
no ip address 255.255.255.240 !
no ip directed-broadcast no ip directed-broadcast interface Loopback0
shutdown ip ospf cost 1 ip address 192.168.2.65
interface FastEthernet0/0 router eigrp 100 255.255.255.240
ip address 10.100.100.2 redistribute OSPF 1 no ip directed broadcast
255.255.255.0 network 192.168.2.0 !
ip router isis router ospf 1 interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip directed-broadcast redistribute EIGRP 100 ip address 192.168.2.50
ip ospf cost 1 network 192.168.2.32 0.0.0.3 255.255.255.240
router ospf 1 area 0 no ip directed-broadcast
redistribute ISIS network 192.168.2.16 0.0.0.15 !
network 192.168.2.32 0.0.0.3 area 0 !
area 0 ip classless router eigrp 100
router isis no ip http server network 192.168.2.0
net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 ! !
redistribute OSPF 1 ! ip classless
! ! no ip http server
ip classless line con 0 !
no ip http server transport input none !
! line aux 0 !
! line vty 0 4 line con 0
! ! transport input none
line con 0 no scheduler allocate line aux 0
transport input none end line vty 0 4
line aux 0 !
line vty 0 4 no scheduler allocate
! end
no scheduler allocate
end

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