KEYSTONE COLLEGE

#13, Marcos Highway, Bakakeng Central, Baguio City, Philippines

Tel. No. : (074) 442- 1890,
e- mail Address: keystonecollegebaguio@gmail.com

I. COURSE NO. English 102

II. COURSE TITLE: Structures of English

III. COURSE DESCRIPTION:

This class extensively examines the three major components of the structure of English: phonology, morphology, and
syntax.

IV. COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Each of the three divisions of the class contains some broad objectives:
1. Upon completing Part I: English Phonetics and Phonology, students will be able to:
o Describe, categorize, and group the sound segments of English using phonetic features.
o Read and write broad transcription.
o Predict the vowel quality of simple words using spelling patterns.
o Apply the correct stress and intonation patterns to words, phrases and clauses.
o Write explanations and descriptions for some of the important concepts in phonology.
2. Upon completing Part II: General Morphology and Word Classes, students will be able to:
o Idenify and categorize the different types of morphemes in English.
o Identify and categorize form classes and their sub-categories using apppriate morphological tests.
o Identify and categorize structure classes using appropriate morphological tests.
o Discriminate among all word classes using appropriate morphological and syntactic tests.
o Write explanations and descriptions for some of the important concepts in phonology.
3. Upon completing Part III: Syntax, students will be able to:
o Identify and define the different types of phrases and discriminate among them.
o Identify and define the different types of clauses and discriminate among them.
o Identify and define the different types of finite subordinate clauses and discriminate among them.
o Determine the grammatical functions of constituents in a sentence using diagnostic tests.
 o Write explanations and descriptions for some of the important concepts in syntax.

V. COURSE CONTENT:
Introduction to the class.
Introduction to the structure of English.

PART 1
Phonetics: The Study of Sounds
 Phonetic Alphabets
 IPA
 Articulatory Phonetics
 Acoustic Phonetics
 Auditory Phonetics
 Airstream Mechanisms
 Describing Sounds
 Consonant Sounds
 Vowel Sounds
 Phonemes and Allophones
 Complementary distribution and Free variation
 Phonological Rules and their structure
 Distinctive Features
 General Principles
 Overview of commonly used distinctive features
 Syllables and Syllable Structure
 Stress
 Suprasegmental Phonology

PART 2
Morhology:
1. Morpheme
 Types of Morphemes
 Classes of Morphemes
 Morphological Processes: Derivation versus Inflection
 Derivational Affixes
  Inflectional Affixes
2. Special Realizations of Morphemes
 Portmanteau Word
 Zero-Morpheme
 Allomorph
 Pseudo-Morphemes
 Suppletion
3. Word-Formation
 Compound
 Back-Formation
 Invention
 Conversion or Functional Shift
 Shortenings
 Clipping
 Acronym
 Initialism
 Blend
4. Language Types
 Language Types -- an Introduction
 Analytic versus Synthetic
 Agglutinating, Incorporating and Infixing Languages
PART 3
Syntax
1. Basic Notions
 Sentence, Clause, and Phrase
 Basic English Sentence Patterns
 Lexical Categories
 Thematic Roles
 Sentences and their Constituents
 The Horizontal and Vertical Dimension of Sentences
 Exercises on basic notions
2. Traditional Grammar
 Basic Units of Syntactic Analysis: Words and Sentences
 Parts of Speech
 Major Parts of Speech
 The Noun
 Problems with the tests
 Subgroups of nouns
 The Verb
 Problems with the tests
 The Adjective
 The Adverb
 (The Preposition)
 Minor Parts of Speech
 Determiner
 Auxiliary
 Pronouns
 Conjunction
 Complementizer
 Particle
 Infinitival to
 Negative marker not
 Constituents and Phrasal Categories
 The Noun Phrase
 The Verb Phrase
 The Adjective Phrase
 The Preposition Phrase
 Grammatical Functions
 The Predicate
 The Subject
 The Direct Object
 The Indirect Object
 The Predicative Complement
 The Oblique Complement
 The Modifier
 General Grammatical Functions: Head, Complement, Modifier and Specifier
 The Head
 The Complement
  The Modifier
 The Specifier
 Six Steps in a Syntactic Analysis
 Semantic Roles
 Passive (discussed in the GB section and in the HPSG section)
 Binding Theory (discussed in the GB section and in the HPSG section)
 Relative Clauses
3. Generative Syntax
 X-Bar Theory and Constituent Structure
 Principles of X-Bar Theory
 The X-Bar Model: Lexical Categories
 The VP
 The NP
 The AP
 The PP
 X-Bar Theory and Constituent Tests
 Movement test
 Proform test
 Proform test: VPs
 Proform test: NPs
 Proform test: APs
 Proform test: PPs
 Coordination test
 Intrusion test
 Sentence fragment test
 Omission test
 VP-deletion
 Exercises on constituent structure
 Functional Categories: DP, IP, and CP
 D as a functional head
 Some properties of D
 The structure of DP
 INFL as a functional head
 Some properties of INFL
  Morphological properties
 Thematic properties
 Syntactic properties
 Classification and position (advanced)
 Constituent structure (advanced)
 Verb-to-INFL movement (advanced)
 The structure of IP
 COMP as a functional head
 Some properties of COMP
 Questions
 INFL-to-COMP movement
 WH-movement
 The structure of CP
 Types of movement: A summary
.

VI. COURSE METHODOLOGY:

 Discussion
 Reporting

VII. COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

 Attendance
 Activities and Quizzes
 Examination
 Final Project
VIII. COURSE EVALUATION:
Prelim Grade: CS+PE/2
Midterm Grade: CS+ME+PG/3
Final Grade: CS+FE+MG/3
IX. REFERENCES:
Prepared by: Mr. Gerald Tacderas