PRACTICE OCCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)
Is a planned system of working to prevent illness and
injury where you work by recognizing and identifying
hazards and risks.
Steps Used in Managing Health and Safety at Work:
1. Spot the Hazard (Hazard Identification)
2. Assess the Risk (Risk Assessment)
3. Make the Changes (Risk Control)
Identifying Health and Safety Problems:
1. Observe your workplace;
2. Investigate complaints from workers;
3. Examine accident and near-miss records;
4. Examine sickness figures;
5. Use simple surveys to ask your co-workers about
6. their health and safety concerns;
7. Use checklists to help you inspect your workplace

Hazard METHODS OF CONTROLLING HAZARDS:

Is any agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, A. Elimination
property, or the environment. Is the process of removing the hazard from the
workplace. It is the most effective way to control a
HAZARDS CATEGORIES risk because the hazard is no longer present.
1. Biological Hazards B. Substitution
Refers to hazard that is caused by microorganisms Is the process of replacing a possible risk with a
like bacteria, viruses. It also includes illnesses that safer option.
are caused by secretions from insects, plants, birds,
animals, and humans. C. Good Housekeeping
Refers to the process of maintaining safety and
2. Chemical Hazards cleanliness regulations throughout the whole
Are hazards that are caused by chemical workplace.
substances used in the workplace that are toxic or
detrimental to health. D. Emergency Preparedness
Refers to readiness of the workers for accident and
3. Ergonomic Hazard emergencies.
is a physical factor within the environment that
harms the musculoskeletal system. It includes
injuries caused by repetitive movement, workplace
design, uncomfortable workstation height and poor
body positioning.
4. Physical Hazard
Are hazards that are brought about by the
workplace environment such as radiation, extreme
temperatures, vibration and noise.
5. Safety Hazards
Hazards that are caused by negligence or
misappropriation.

Risk
Is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or
experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It
may also apply to situations with property or equipment
loss, or harmful effects on the environment.
LEVELS IN ASSESSING RISK
Likelihood Levels
Is described as frequency values or how easy it is for a
person to be exploited to a threat.
Levels:
Low – Accidents happen in rare occasion (almost never).
Moderate – Accidents may happen in seldom occasion.
High – Accidents happen quite often.
Very High – Accidents happen very often.
Consequences Levels
Is described in terms of magnitudes or the level of injury
inflicted on the person.
Levels:
Small
The accident has no impact to health nor cost the
company any economic loss
Moderate
The accident caused minor impact to health or caused the
company minimal economic loss.
Severe
The accident caused major impact to health and caused
company a serious economic loss.
Catastrophic
The accident caused death or amputation to worker and
caused a serious economic loss for the company
APPLYING 5S IN THE WORKPLACE
1. Seiri
The process of putting things in order and disposal
of materials that are unused or unnecessary. This
is done by labelling items according to the
frequency of usage.
2. Seiton
The process of arranging things in such a way that
they can be easily reached whenever they are
needed. It uses the principle "There must be a
place for everything, and everything must be in its
place.")
3. Seiso
The process of maintaining cleanliness in the
workplace.
4. Seiketsu
The process of standardizing the procedures of
maintaining cleanliness in the workplace by
organizing guidelines, rules and agreements.
5. Shitsuke
The process of sustaining workers’ commitment in
the maintenance of cleanliness and safety of the
workplace. This is done by giving incentives,
awards etc.