Degree Of Comparison

Makalah ini ditulis dalam rangka memenuhi tugas Intensif Bahasa Inggris (IBI)

Penulis :
1. Alensio Nico Hidroar (J01218006)
2. Novarina Salsabila (J01218022)

Dosen Pembimbing :
M. Teguh Prasetiyo, M.Pd

Psikologi Semester 2 Kelas A2

Fakultas Psikologi dan Kesehatan
UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Tahun 2019
Degree of comparison / comparison degree / tingkat perbandingan
Degree of comparison adalah bentuk adjective (kata sifat) atau adverb (kata keterangan) yang
menyatakan perbandingan. Ada tiga degree of comparison, yaitu: positive, comparative,
dan superlative degree.

1. Positive Degree (tingkat positif)

Positive degree sering diartikan “se… atau sama….”
Rumus :

S + tobe + as adjective as + object

Contoh:

The task is not as difficult as you imagine.

1 (Tugas tersebut tidak sesulit yang kamu bayangkan.)

The test was as easy as pie.

2 (Tes tersebut sangat mudah.) as easy as pie = extremely easy

My brother drives as carefully as my father in the residential area.

3 (Saudara laki-laki saya mengemudi sehati-hati ayahnya di area perumahan.)

I hope you enjoy your holiday as much as we do.

4 (Saya berharap kamu menikmati liburanmu seperti kami.)

This comparison is called “positive degree” comparison. There are two more
comparisons with the ‘positive form’ of the adjective words. They are:

(i) Degree of Equality: This comparison is used to compare two persons,

animals or things to tell us that they are equal – having the same quality.
There are two cats with the same height and weight, and look the same
except for the colour.
Therefore we say:
The brown cat is as beautiful as the grey cat. (= Both the cats are the same.)
The word “beautiful” is an adjective in the ‘positive form’, and with the
conjunction as…as it expresses the ‘degree of equality’.

(ii) Degree of Inequality: This comparison is used to compare two persons,

animals or things to tell us that they are not equal – not having the same
quality.
The brown cat is not so beautiful as the black & white cat.(= They
are not the same.)
 The word “beautiful” is an adjective in the ‘positive form’, and with the
conjunction so…as (and the negative ‘not’) it expresses the ‘degree of inequality’

2. Comparative Degree (tingkat lebih)

Comparative degree ini sering diartikan dengan tingkat “lebih” dan ada beberapa cara
untuk membentuk comparative degree ini, yakni :

a. kalau kata sifatnya terdiri dari satu / dua suku kata (syllable), maka untuk
mengubahnya ke tingkat comparative degree, yakni dengan menambahkan
akhiran “er” dibelakang kata sifatnya dan diikuti oleh kata “than” yang artinya
“dari pada”.

Rumus :

S + tobe + Adjective + Er + than + object

Contoh :

Your heart is colder than ice.

1 (Hatimu lebih dingin dari es.)

The happiest person I know thinks that sometimes changing up his routine is really
important.
(Orang paling berbahagia yang saya kenal berpikir bahwa kadang-kadang mengubah
2 rutinitasnya itu sungguh-sungguh penting.)

I ran faster than you did.

3 (Saya berlari lebih cepat dari kamu.)

b. Namun kalau kata sifatnya lebih dari dua suku kata, maka untuk membentuk
comparative degreenya harus menggunakan “more” dan diikuti oleh “than”
Rumus :

S + tobe + the + Adjective + than + object

 Contoh :

Land snails move more slowly than starfish.

1 (Siput darat bergerak lebih lambat dari bintang laut.)

3. Superlative Degree (tingkat paling)

Superlative degree ini sering diartikan dengan tingkat “paling” dan ada juga beberapa
cara untuk membentuk superlative degree ini, yakni :
a. Kalau kata sifatnya terdiri dari satu / dua suku kata (syllable) maka untuk
membentuk superlativenya yakni dengan menambahkan akhiran “est” dibelakang
kata sifatnya dan diikuti oleh “the”.
Rumus :

S + tobe + the + Adjective + Est + object

Contoh :

Your heart is the coldest of all.

1 (Hatimu adalah yang terdingin dari semuanya.)

The happiest person I know thinks that sometimes changing up his

routine is really important.
(Orang paling berbahagia yang saya kenal berpikir bahwa kadang-
2 kadang mengubah rutinitasnya itu sungguh-sungguh penting.)

I run the fastest in my class.

3 (Saya berlari paling cepat di kelas.)

b. Namun kalau kata sifatnya lebih dari dua suku kata, maka untuk membentuk
superlative degree nya harus menggunakan “the most” di depan kata sifatnya.

Rumus :

S + tobe + the most + Adjective + object

 Contoh :

The country develops the most slowly.

4 (Negara tersebut berkembang paling lambat.)

Adjectives usually form their comparative and superlative degrees:

1) by addition of '-er' and '-est' to the positive degree

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

bright brighter brightest
black blacker blackest
bold bolder boldest
clever cleverer cleverest
cold colder coldest
fast faster fastest
great greater greatest
high higher highest
kind kinder kindest
long longer longest
rich richer richest
small smaller smallest
strong stronger strongest
sweet sweeter sweetest
tall taller tallest
thick thicker thickest
Youngest
young younger

2) by addition of '-r' and '-st' to the positive degree ending in 'e'

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

brave braver bravest
fine finer finest
large larger largest
nice nicer nicest
noble nobler noblest
pale paler palest
simple simpler simplest
wise wiser wisest
white whiter whitest

3) When the positive ends in 'y' and has a consonant before it, we change 'y'
into 'i' and then add 'er' and 'est'.
By deleting the final ‘y’ and adding ‘ier’ and ‘iest’
POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
costly costlier costliest
dry drier driest
easy easier easiest
happy happier happiest
heavy heavier heaviest
lazy lasier lasiest
mercy mercier merciest
wealthy wealthier wealthiest

4) when the positive degree ends in a consonant with a vowel before it, we
double the consonant & then add '-er' and '-est'

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

big bigger biggest
dim dimmer dimmest
fat fatter fattest
hot hotter hottest
thin thinner thinnest

5) by addition of '-er' and '-est' to the positive degree when it ends in '-y'

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

gay gayer gayest
grey greyer greyest

5) by placing 'more' and 'most' before the positive form

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

active more active most active
attractive more attractive most attractive
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
brilliant more brilliant most brilliant
careful more careful most careful
courageous more courageous most courageous
cunning more cunning most cunning
difficult more difficult most difficult
famous more famous most famous
faithful more faithful most faithful
important more important most important
proper more proper most proper
popular more popular most popular
splendid more splendid most splendid
suitable more suitable most suitable
Some adjectives do not follow any of the rules explained earlier. They are compared
irregularly. Here are the different forms of such adjectives.

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

bad worse worst
evil worse worst
good better best
ill worse worst
far farther farthest
well better best
late later latest (time)
late later last (position)
little less least
much more most
many more most
near nearer nearest
old older oldest
old elder eldest
 Reading About Sport
Good evening. This is Jack Hill, and here is today's sports!

First, baseball. Toronto is in first place. Sam Wilson says that his team is going to win the
championship this year. But, he says that every year.

In soccer, Bill Brown had the best game of his career. The Tour de France bicycle race
started yesterday in Paris at 3 o'clock. Last year, Jacques Chardin won for France. Can he do
it again? I don't know ...

In California, the Children's Olympics started yesterday. Good luck to all the 600 boys and
girls.

And, finally, tennis.

Tonight is the big tennis match between rock star Maxi and the famous actor, Peter
Anson. This is Jack Hill, and that was the sports.

People Are Crazy About Sports

by Stan Bruer

Why do people love to watch sports? Professor Len Sanders of Georgetown University asks
this question in his study on, "People and Sports." "We can understand why people like to
play sports. It's good exercise and a lot of fun," says Professor Sanders. "But why do millions
of people pay so much money to watch other people play?"
Sports is good business. A winning team can make millions of dollars. A
good athlete orplayer can make a very large salary. For example, at the Wimbledon Tennis
Championships, the winner can make more than $2.9 million.
Derrick Rose is a basketball player for the Chicago Bulls. He makes one of the highest
salaries in basketball. He earns about sixteen million dollars every year.
Sports fans, the people who watch sports, often pay a lot of money for tickets to a game. The
MetLife Stadium in New Jersey can hold 82,566 people.
Fans get very excited when their team wins. Professor Sanders now has the answer to his
question: "People love the excitement of a good game."
 Convesation Using Degrees of comparison

Robi : Hey Tom, what is your favorite football club? (Hei Tom, apa klub sepak bola
favoritmu?).

Tomi : My favorite football club? Hmm… My favorite is Manchester United. (Klub

sepak bola favorit saya? Hmm… Favorit saya adalah Manchester United).

Robi : Cool, why do you like it? (keren, mengapa kamu menyukainya?).

Tomi : Yeah, that team has many good players. One of the best players is Wayne
Rooney. (Ya, tim itu memiliki banyak pemain bagus. Salah satu pemain terbaiknya adalah
Wayne Rooney).

Robi : Yes, I agree with you. (Ya, saya setuju denganmu).

Tomi : I think Manchester United is also one of the biggest club in England. (Saya rasa
Manchester United juga salah satu klub terbesar di Inggris).

Robi : Of course. They are also one of the oldest club In England I think. (Tentu saja.
Mereka juga salah satu klub tertua di Inggris saya rasa).

Tomi : Yes, you are right, it is older than many clubs that compete together in English
Premiere League. (Ya, anda benar, Manchester United lebih tua /sudah lebih lama dibanding
dengan klub-klub lainnya yang berkompetisi bersama di Liga Primer Inggris).

Robi : Manchester United has a great history. They have won the English Premiere
League for 19 times, haven’t they? (Manchester United memiliki sejarah yang bagus.
Mereka telah memenangkan Liga Primer Inggris sebanyak 19 kali, benarkan?).

Tomi : Yes, they have won the English Premiere League for 19 times. Manchester
United is the most successful club in England. (Ya, mereka telah memenangkan Liga
Primer Inggris sebanyak 19 kali. Manchester United adalah klub tersukses di Inggris).

Robi : Wow, that’s cool. (Wow, keren).

Tomi : And how about you Robi, what is your favorite football club? (Dan bagaimana
denganmu Robi, apa klub sepak bola favoritmu?).

Robi : Mine is Real Madrid F.C. (Klub bola favorit saya adalah Real Madrid F.C.).

Tomi : That’s nice. It is one of the richest club in the world, isn’t it? (Itu bagus. Real
Madrid adalah salah satu klub terkaya di dunia, benarkan?).

Robi : Yeah, you are right. Real Madrid is richer than your favorite club. They can buy
many top players from around the world. They also have the most expensive player in
the world, Christiano Ronaldo or known as CR7. (Ya, kamu benar. Real Madrid lebih
kaya dibanding klub favoritmu. Mereka bisa membeli banyak pemain hebat dari seluruh
dunia. Mereka juga mempunyai pemain termahal di dunia, Christiano Ronaldo atau dikenal
dengan CR7).

Tomi : Absolutely. He is one of the greatest footballers in the world. He had played for
MU before he moved to Real Madrid. (Pastinya. Dia adalah salah satu pemain bola terbaik
di dunia. Dia telah bermain untuk Manchester United sebelum dia pindah ke Real Madrid).

Robi : Yes, he is. He is very skillful and handsome. Many girls are attracted to him. (Ya.
Dia sangat terampil dan tampan. Banyak perempuan tertarik pada dia).

Tomi : Yeah, as you know, he is as handsome as David Beckham. (Ya, sebagaimana yang
kamu tahu, dia setampan David Beckham).

Robi : Agree. They are skillful and handsome footballers. (Setuju. Mereka adalah pemain
bola yang berbakat dan tampan).

Tomi : By the way, this Saturday, let’s watch football together. I think there is a big
match between Manchester United versus Liverpool. (Ngomong – ngomong, Sabtu ini,
ayo kita menonton sepakbola bersama. Saya rasa ada pertandingan besar antara Manchester
United melawan Liverpool).

Robi : Nice idea, I will come to your house then. (Ide yang bagus, saya akan datang
kerumahmu kalau begitu).

Tomi : Alright, see you on weekend. (Baiklah, sampai bertemu di akhir pekan).

Robi : Okay Tom, see you. (Oke Tom, sampai bertemu).