Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Rizal
OUTLINE:
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Social Structure
Political System
Frailocracia
Educational System
6. Execution of GOMBURZA
1. Birth
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
2. Ancestry
3. Immediate Family
4. Early Influences
5. Formal Education
6. Formal Education
7. Rizal, The Student Activist
8. Six Month’s Sojourn in the Philippines
9. As an Active Propagandist
10. Exile in Dapitan
11. Jose Rizal and the Katipunan
12. The End of His Exile
13. The Trial Proper
14. The Last Day Before the Execution
15. The Execution
CHAPTER 1
1. THE REPUBLICT ACT 1425
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
WHEREAS, today, more than any other period of our history, there is a need for a re-
dedication to the ideals of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died;
WHEREAS, it is meet that in honoring them, particularly the national hero and patriot,
Jose Rizal, we remember with special fondness and devotion their lives and works that
have shaped the national character;
WHEREAS, the life, works and writing of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, are a constant and inspiring source of patriotism with
which the minds of the youth, especially during their formative and decisive years in
school, should be suffused;
WHEREAS, all educational institutions are under the supervision of, and subject to
regulation by the State, and all schools are enjoined to develop moral character,
personal discipline, civic conscience and to teach the duties of citizenship; Now,
therefore,
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
- The Philippines was governed by Spain through the Ministro de Ultramar based in
Madrid.
- Central Government
Governador- General - King of Spain’s representative in governmental
affairs.
Vice – Royal patron over religious affairs.
Chief executive- issued orders and proclamations
Ex-officio – president of the Royal Audiencia
Commander-in-chief of the colonial armed forces
Frailocracia/ Frailocracy
- Means “rule of the friars”
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
- Reasons:
1. Political instability in mother country.
2. Friars were found in each town, thus, they became rulers of that political unit.
Supervisor of local election
Administrators of schools
Chairman of the board of taxation, of health and of charity.
Responsible for census taking through the parish registrar.
Certifies personal Identification Card (ID)
Educational System
- Friars occupied a dominant position.
- Emphasis on fear of God and obedience to the friars.
- Indios were constantly reminded that they had inferior intelligence.
- Friars decided what to teach to the children.
- College of San Juan de Letran- the only official Secondary School for BOYS.
- Seven Provinces had private colleges and Latin schools for general studies.
- Secondary Education for Girls in Manila:
Santa Isabel
La Concordia
Santa Rosa
Asilo de Lookan
Santa Catalina
- UST- The only University level in Manila.
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Cebu
Jaro (Iloilo)
Nueva Caceres (Naga)
Nueva Segovia (Vigan)
- Educational Decree 1863
Each major town in the colony was to established at least one elementary
school for boys and another one for girls.
- Books and other materials has to pass rigid censorship by the Church and Civil
Authorities.
- Most serious criticisms against the Spanish educational system.
Overemphasis on religion
Limited and irrelevant curriculum
Obsolete classroom facilities
Inadequate teaching materials
Absence of academic freedom.
- The implementation of the Moret Decree of 1870 (secularization of
higher education in the Philippines) was opposed by the friars.
CHAPTER 2
3. DEVELOPMENT OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM
1. Opening of the Philippines to World Commerce
1834 – Spain officially opened Manila to World Commerce
More ports were opened ( Sual, Iloilo, Zamboanga, Legaspi)
Brought prosperity to some Filipinos
Modern methods of agriculture and improved means of transportation and
communication.
Emergence of Filipino middle class.
2. Influx of Liberal Ideas
1869 – opening of Suez Canal (Europe) – shortened the distant of travel
from another place.
More liberals from Spain and other European nations came to the country
via Suez Canal.
Foreigners brought books, newspapers and magazines.
Filipinos were able to read enlightened ideas.
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Natives learned also about the American and French revolution which
provided inspiration to them.
3. The Secularization Movement
Council of Trent (1545-1563) – decided that parishes were to be
administered by Secular (local) priest.
Gradually, the secularization movement became racial and national
conflict among friars curates and the seculars.
4. The Liberal Administration of Carlos Maria dela Torre (1869-1871)
Well-loved Spanish Governor-general
- Avoided extravagance and lived a simple life
- Abolished flogging
- Allowed Filipinos to form Comite de Reformadores
- Implemented the Moret Decree of 1870
5. The Cavite Mutiny
Rafael Izquierdo (1871-1873) replaced dela Torre
- “with the crucifix in one hand and a sword in the other.”
- Repealed the exemption from rendering the POLO and the payment of
tribute.
January 20, 1872
- About 200 Filipino soldiers and workers in the Cavite Arsenal revolted.
- Led by Seregeant Fernando La Madrid.
- Through the punitive force ordered by Izquierdo La Madrid was killed.
6. The Execution of GOMBURZA
- Izquierdo magnified the mutiny as a full of blown conspiracy against the
Spanish rule allegedly instigated by fathers:
Mariano Gomez
Jose Burgos
Jacinto Zamora
- Found guilty in a “mock-trial”
- Sentence to die by garrote.
February 17, 1872
- The three priest were executed in Bagumbayan
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
- The vast crown present removed their hats and knelt down in prayer.
- Fr. Meliton Martinez, the liberal archbishop of Manila
refused to defrock the three priests
ordered the continuous tolling of bells during the execution
Result
- GOMBURZA- password of Katipunan.
- “remember GomBurZa”- slogan of the propaganda.
7. The Propaganda Movement
Three major factors for the peaceful campaign for reforms
- Emergence of Filipino middle class.
- Liberal administration of Carlos Maria dela Torre
- Execution of GOMBURZA.
Propagandists- simply reformers
- No intention of achieving social changes through armed struggle or
revolution.
Objectives of the Movement
- Assimilation of the colony as a regular province of Spain.
- Secularization of parishes
- Restoration of the Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortés.
- Fundamental freedom of speech of the press, assembly and religion.
Known Member of the Propaganda Movement
Jose Rizal
Conscience of the movement\
Marcelo H. Del Pilar
Greatest political analyst
Founded the Diariong Tagalog
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Prince of Filipino Orators
Contributed the satirical novel, Fray Botod
Founded the newspaper, La Solidaridad
Pedro Paterno
Doctor of Law
Wrote “Ninay”
Published Sampaguitas
Gregorio Sanciangco
Lawyer and economist
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
CHAPTER 3
4. THE LIFE OF JOSE RIZAL
1. Birth
Born on June 19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna
Baptized Jose Protacio Rizal on June 22, 1861 by Fr. Rufino Collantes
2. Ancestry
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
9. As an Active Propagandist
While annotating Succesos de las Islas Filipinas. He wrote the sequel to
the Noli offered financial- Valenteen.
September 18, 1891- published El Filibusterismo
10. Rizal’s Exile to Dapitan
June 26, 1892
- Arrived in the Philippines despite the advice of his family
July 6, 1892
- Summoned to Malacañang Palace.
Jose Rizal was charged of the following:
Bringing w/him from HK probes frailes.
Dedicating the El Filibusterismo in memory of GomBurZa.
Advocating separatist ideas
Undermining Spanish authorities.
Uprooting from loyal Filipinos their Faith
July 14, 1892
- Jose Rizal was escorted for exile to Dapitan.
Jose Rizal in Dapitan
As a Farmer
- Purchased 16 hectares of agricultural land
- Built a house, school and medical clinic.
- Helped by his pupils in planting various crops/ plants
- Introduced modern farm methods used in Europe
- Imported several agricultural equipment from the U.S
As a Business Man
- Engaged in copra and abaca trading together w/ Ramon Carreon.
- Also engaged in Fishing Business
- Requested the assistance of Manuel Hidalgo
- Most Profitable Business > Abaca Trading
- Established Farmer’s Cooperative Association (FCA)
To curb Chinese control of business in locality.
As an Engineer
Provided the town with a water system
- Directed a mountain stream kl away to supply water the town.
Planned new street layouts
- w/c provided lighting system
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
As a Doctor
o Practiced Ophthalmology
- Performed second operation on his mother’s eye.
o Payment for his Service
- Rich - proportionate to their capacity to pay
- Poor – free medical services
o His fame as eye doctor spread far even from distant Hong Kong
- George Taufer came for treatment accompanied by Josephine Bracken
o Built small lodging houses
- “Casitas de Salud”
As a Teacher
Built a School
- Taught academic and vocational training
- Integrated learning toward home and community development
- Charged NO tuition fee.
Academic Training
- Taught 3R’S – reading, ‘riting and rithmetic
- Geometry, Geography, History, Languages
- Physical components of his curriculum
Boxing, swimming, wrestling and arnis
11. Rizal and the Katipunan
June 21, 1896
- Dr. Pio Valenzuela visited Jose Rizal in Dapitan
Jose Rizal disapproved the plan of the Katipunan to rescue him from exile
- He promised not to escape from Dapitan.
- He has a pending application to be a volunteer doctor for Spanish troops
fighting in the Cuban Revolution.
12. The End of His Exile
July 30, 1896
- Governor General Ramon Blanco approved his petition to go to Cuba.
July 31 – to Manila
September 3- off to Barcelona
September 30- Nearing Malta
October 6 – arrived in Barcelona then off to Manila
November 3- arrived in Manila
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Rizal’s guilt had not been proven by reliable witness, nor by expert
testimony or documentary or official evidences.
- On the charges of founding illegal association
The constitution of the Liga did not specify any illegal objective
The Liga was short-lived.
Jose Rizal
“I had nothing to do whatsoever with political affairs from July 6, 1892-
June 1, 1896.”
Valenzuela’s meeting in dapitan
Argued:
- If he had known, the date and time of Revolution he would have avoided
arrest.
Disapproved the prosecutor’s allegation that he was the leader of the
revolutionists.
- “What kind of chief is he whose followers say ‘yes’ and he says ‘no’.?” –
J.Rizal
December 28,1896
- Gov. General Camilo Polavieja
Signed and affirm the death warrant
December 29, 1896
- Rizal was notified of the decision of the court.
- Verdict – death by musketry (firing squad)
- At first, he refused to sign the death warrant
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
CHAPTER 4
5. SELECTED POEMS OF JOSE RIZAL
1. Sa Aking mga Kabata
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
2. A Remembrance of My Town
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
6. Last Farewell
The Last Poem of Rizal
His friend Mariano Ponce gave it the title of MI ULTIMO ADIOS, as it originally had
none
Mi Ultimo Adios
Farewell, my adored Land, region of the sun caressed,
Pearl of the Orient Sea, our Eden lost,
With gladness I give you my Life, sad and repressed;
And were it more brilliant, more fresh and at its best,
I would still give it to you for your welfare at most.
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39
Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City, Metro Manila 1740, PHILIPPINES
www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph • +63(02) 871-06-39