According to Marie Clay, Emergent Literacy is based on an assumption that a child acquires

some knowledge about language, reading and writing even before attending any formal
education.She asserted that literacy development begins early in life and is ongoing. The social
learning theory of Bandura emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the
behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Social learning theory explains human
behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, an
environmental influences. The 21st century teacher is one who is adequately equipped with 1)
communication skills, 2) learning and innovation skills 3) information, media and technology
skills, and 4) life and career skills. He/she collaborates and interrelates with others from all
walks of life.

Assessment Literacy is defined as the knowledge about how to assess what students know and
can do, interpret the results of these assessments, and apply these results to improve student
learning and program effectiveness.” Writing Effective Assessment Criteria. ... Assessment
criteria are a way to provide formative feedback throughout a course to support ongoing
learning, as well as to provide end-of-term summative evaluation. Assessment criteria take the
“guess-work” out of grading for instructors and students. Daily 5 is a literacy framework that
instills behaviors of independence, creates a classroom of highly engaged readers, writers, and
learners, and provides teachers with time and structure to meet diverse student needs. ... Daily
5 classrooms produce productive, highly engaged students who develop a true love of literacy.