Problem Set 2

1. An air-conditioning system of a high-rise building has a capacity of 350 kW of refrigeration, uses R-

12. The evaporating and condensing temperatures are 0 deg C and 35 deg C, respectively. Determine
the following:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. Mass of flash gas per kg of refrigerant circulated
c. Mass of R-12 circulated per second
d. Volumetric rate of flow under suction condition
e. Work of compression in kW
f. COP

2. A refrigeration system using refrigerant 22 is to have a refrigerating capacity of 60 kW. The

evaporating temperature is -10 deg C and the condensing temperature is 42 deg C. Determine:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. Volume flow rate of refrigerant at inlet to the compressor
c. Power required by the compressor
d. Fraction of vapor in the mixture at entrance to the evaporator expressed both on a mass basis
and a volume basis.

3. A simple vapor-compression cycle develops 13 tons of refrigeration. Using ammonia as refrigerant

and operating at a condensing temperature of 24 deg C and evaporating temperature of -18 deg C
and assuming that the compression is isentropic and that the gas leaving the condenser is saturated,
find the following:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. Refrigerating effect in kJ/kg
c. Circulation rate of refrigerant in kg/min
d. Power requirement
e. Volume flow in cubic meter/ min ton
f. COP
g. Power per ton

4. A refrigeration system is to be used to cool 45,000 kg of water from 29 deg C to 18 deg C in 5 hours.
The refrigerant is ammonia and the operation condition are 616 kPa evaporating pressure and 1737
kPa liquefication pressure. Determine the following if the specific heat of water is 4.187 kJ/kg-C:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. COP
c. Quantity of cooling water in the condenser for an increase in temperature to 7 deg C
d. Compressor power
e. Volume of flow rate entering the compressor

5. An ammonia simple saturation cycle operates between evaporator and condenser temperatures of
-20 deg C and 35 deg C, respectively. The system is to be used in producing 5000 kg of ice at -12 deg
C from water at 29 deg C in 20 hours. Assuming losses to be 20 percent of the heat to be absorbed
from the water, determine the following if the specific heat of ice is 2.094 kJ/kg-C and the heat of
fusion is 335 kJ/kg:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
 b. Mass flow rate
c. Heat rejected at the condenser
d. Power required by the compressor

6. An ammonia refrigerating cycle operates at 247 kPa suction pressure and 1200 kPa condenser
pressure. Other data are refrigerating capacity of 28 kW, compressor clearance of 5%, compression
efficiency of 80%, mechanical efficiency of 75%, and actual volumetric efficiency of 74%. Determine:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. Clearance volumetric efficiency
c. Ideal COP
d. Actual COP
e. Mass flow rate of ammonia
f. Brake work

7. An ammonia simple saturation cycle operates at 247.1 kPa suction pressure and 1169 kPa
condenser pressure. For a load of 1688 kJ/min, determine:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. Volumetric flow rate of cooling water in the condenser if the water temperature is increased by
6 deg C
c. Compressor work
d. Piston displacement if clearance is 5%

8. A six-cylinder, 6.70 x 5.70 cm, refrigerant 22 compressor operating at 30 r/s indicate a refrigerating
capacity of 96.4 kW and a power requirement of 19.4 kW at an evaporating temperature of 5 deg C
and a condensing temperature of 35 deg C. Determine:
a. Sketch the Ph diagram
b. Clearance volumetric efficiency if the clearance volume is 5%
c. Actual volumetric efficiency
d. Compression efficiency

9. A 100 x 200 mm ammonia compressor with a compression efficiency of 80 percent operates with a
suction pressure of 291.6 kPa and a condenser pressure of 1204 kPa at 23 r/s. The refrigerant cools
102 kg/min of brine by 8 deg C in the brine cooler. The specific heat of brine is 3.14 kJ/kg-C. Electric
input to the motor driving the compressor is 14.33 kW. Motor efficiency at this load is 92%.
Assuming 5% of the useful refrigerating effect is lost by brine cooler from the room, determine the
mechanical and volumetric efficiencies of the compressor. Sketch the Ph diagram.

10. A four-cylinder refrigerant 12 compressor operates between evaporator and condenser

temperatures of 4 deg C and 43 deg C. It is to carry a load of 20 tons of refrigeration at 1200 rpm. If
the average piston speed is 213 m/min and the actual volumetric efficiency is 80%, what should be
the bore and stroke of the compressor. Sketch the Ph diagram.