12 TH Mathematics 2009 Solved Paper CBSE

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CBSE 12th Mathematics 2009 Solved Paper

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CBSE 12th Mathematics 2009 Solved Paper

Outside Delhi
TIME - 3HR. | QUESTIONS - 29
THE MARKS ARE MENTIONED ON EACH QUESTION

__________________________________________________________________________
SECTION - A
Question numbers 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.
Q.1 Find the value of 𝒙, if: 1 mark
𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 −𝒚 𝟏 𝟐
( )=( ).
𝟐𝒚 − 𝒙 𝟑 −𝟓 𝟑
Ans. We have
3𝑥 + 𝑦 −𝑦 1 2
( )=( )
2𝑦 − 𝑥 3 −5 3
By definition of equality of two matrices, we have
3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1 … (𝑖)
2𝑥 − 𝑥 = −5 … (𝑖𝑖)
𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 𝑦 = 2 ⇒ 𝑦 = −2
𝑃𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 (𝑖), 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
3𝑥 − 2 = 1 ⇒ 3𝑥 = 3 ⇒ 𝑥 = 1
∴ 𝑥 = 1.
Q.2. Let * be a binary operation on N given by 𝒂 ∗ 𝒃 = 𝑯𝑪𝑭 (𝒂, 𝒃) 𝒂, 𝒃 ∈ 𝑵. Write the

value of 𝟐𝟐 ∗ 𝟒. 1 mark
Ans. ∵ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 = 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑎, 𝑏)

∴ 22 ∗ 4 = 𝐻𝐶𝐹(22, 4) = 2.
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Q.3. Evaluate: 1 mark
𝟏/√𝟐
𝟏
∫ 𝒅𝒙.
√𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐
𝟎
Ans. Let
𝟏/√𝟐
𝟏
𝐼= ∫ 𝒅𝒙
√𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐
𝟎
1/√2
= [sin−1 𝑥]0
1 𝜋 𝜋
= sin−1 ( ) − sin−1(0) = − 0 = .
√2 4 4
Q.4. Evaluate: 1 mark
cos √𝑥
∫ 𝒅𝒙.
√𝒙
Ans. Let
cos √𝑥
𝐼=∫ 𝒅𝒙
√𝒙
1 −1/2
𝑃𝑢𝑡 √𝑥 = 𝑡 ⇒ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡
2
𝑑𝑥
= 𝟐𝒅𝒕
√𝒙
∴ 𝐼 = ∫ cos 𝑡 . 2𝑑𝑡 = 2 sin 𝑡 + 𝑐
= 2 sin √𝑥 + 𝑐.
Q.5. Write the principal value of: 1 mark
7𝜋
cos −1 (cos )
6
Ans. We have,
7𝜋
cos −1 (cos )
6

5𝜋
= cos−1 [cos (2𝜋 − )]
6
5𝜋 5𝜋
= cos −1 cos ( )= .
6 6
Q.6. Write the value of the following determinant: 1 mark
𝒂−𝒃 𝒃−𝒄 𝒄−𝒂

|𝒃 − 𝒄 𝒄−𝒂 𝒂 − 𝒃|.
𝒄−𝒂 𝒂−𝒃 𝒃−𝒄
𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎
Ans. Let ∆= | 𝑏 − 𝑐 𝑐−𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏|
𝑐−𝑎 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶1 → 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 + 𝐶3
𝑎−𝑏+𝑏−𝑐+𝑐−𝑎 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎

∆= |𝑏 − 𝑐 + 𝑐 − 𝑎 + 𝑎 − 𝑏 𝑐−𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏|
𝑐−𝑎+𝑎−𝑏+𝑏−𝑐 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐
0 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎
= |0 𝑐−𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏|
0 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐
= 0[∵ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐶1 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜]
Q.7. Find the value of 𝒙 from the following: 1 mark
𝒙 𝟒
| | = 𝟎.
𝟐 𝟐𝒙
𝑥 4
Ans. We have | |=0
2 2𝑥
2𝑥 2 − 8 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 2 = 4 ∴ 𝑥 = ±2.
Q.8. Find the value of 𝒑 if
̂ )×(𝒊̂ + 𝟑𝒋̂ + 𝒑𝒌
(𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟔𝒋̂ + 𝟐𝟕𝒌 ̂) = 𝟎
⃗ . 1 mark
Ans. We have
(2𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 27𝑘̂)×(𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑝𝑘̂) = ⃗0
𝑖̂ 𝑗̂ 𝑘̂
|2 6 27| = ⃗0
1 3 𝑝
𝑖̂(6𝑝 − 81) − 𝑗̂(2𝑝 − 27) + 𝑘̂(6 − 6) = ⃗0

𝑖̂(6𝑝 − 81) − 𝑗̂(2𝑝 − 27) + 0𝑘̂ = 0𝑖̂ + 0𝑗̂ + 0𝑘̂
∴ 6𝑝 − 81 = 0, 𝑜𝑟 − (2𝑝 − 27) = 0
81
⇒𝑝= 𝑜𝑟 2𝑝 = 27
6
27
∴𝑝= .
2
Q.9. Write the direction cosines of a line equally inclined to the three coordinate
axes. 1 mark
Ans. Here 𝑙 = 𝑚 = 𝑛
∵ 𝑙 2 + 𝑚 2 + 𝑛2 = 1
1
∵ 𝑙2 + 𝑙2 + 𝑙2 = 1 ⇒ 3 𝑙2 = 𝑙 ∴ 𝑙 = ±
√3
Hence direction cosines are
1 1 1
± ,± ,±
√3 √3 √3
⃗ is a unit vector and (𝒙
Q.10. If 𝒑 ⃗ )×(𝒙
⃗ −𝒑 ⃗ ) = 𝟖𝟎, then find |𝒙
⃗ +𝒑 ⃗ |.
Ans. Here |𝑝
⃗⃗⃗ | = 1
∵ (𝒙 ⃗ )×(𝒙
⃗ −𝒑 ⃗ ) = 𝟖𝟎
⃗ +𝒑
⃗ .𝒙
𝒙 ⃗ +𝒙
⃗ .𝒑
⃗ −𝒑
⃗ .𝒙
⃗ −𝒑
⃗ .𝒑
⃗ = 𝟖𝟎
⃗ |2 + 𝒑
|𝒙 ⃗ .𝒙
⃗ −𝒑 ⃗ |𝟐 = 𝟖𝟎
⃗ − |𝒑
⃗ .𝒙
⃗ |2 − (𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟖𝟎 ⇒ |𝒙
|𝒙 ⃗ |𝟐 = 𝟖𝟏.
∴ |𝒙
⃗ | = √81
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒|𝒙| = 𝟗.
SECTION – B
Question numbers 11 to 22 carry 4 marks each.
Q.11. The length 𝒙 of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 5cm/minute and the width 𝒚 is
increasing at the rate of 4cm/minute. When 𝒙 = 𝟖 𝒄𝒎 and 𝒚 = 𝟔𝒄𝒎, find the rate of
change of (𝒂) the perimeter, (𝒃) the area of the rectangle. 4 marks
Ans. Here,
𝑑𝑥
= −5 𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
= 4𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒 , 𝑥 = 8𝑐𝑚, 𝑦 = 6𝑐𝑚
𝑑𝑡
(a) The perimeter of rectangle
𝑝 = 2(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∴ = 2 ( + ) = 2(−5 + 4)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
= −2𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛
∴ 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 2 𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒
(b) The area of rectangle
𝐴 = 𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∴ =𝑥 +𝑦
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
= 8×4 + 6×(−5)
= 32 − 30 = 2 𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛
∴ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 2𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒.
OR
Find the intervals in which the function 𝒇 given by
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟐𝝅, is strictly increasing or strictly decreasing.
Ans. Here 𝑓(𝑥) = sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋
∴ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = cos 𝑥 − sin 𝑥

For stationary points, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0
∴ cos 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 = 0 ⇒ tan 𝑥 = 1
𝜋 5𝜋
∴𝑥= , as 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋
4 4
𝜋 5𝜋
The point 𝑥 = and 𝑥 = divide the interval [0, 2𝜋]
4 4
into following disjoint intervals
𝜋 𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋
(0, ) , ( , ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ( , 2𝜋)
4 4 4 4

Interval Test Value Sign of 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) Nature of

function
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑙𝑦
(0, ) 𝑥= cos − sin
4 6 6 6 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔
√3 𝜋
= − >0
2 2
𝜋 5𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑙𝑦
( , ) 𝑥= cos − sin
4 4 2 2 2 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔
= 0−1< 0
5𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑙𝑦
( , 2𝜋) 𝑥= cos − sin
4 2 2 2 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔
= 0+1> 0
Hence 𝑓 is strictly increasing in the intervals
𝜋 5𝜋
[0, ) and ( , 2𝜋]
4 4
And f is strictly decreasing in the interval
𝜋 5𝜋
( , ).
4 4
Q.12. If 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒚 = 𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝐚 + 𝐲), prove that: 4 marks
𝒅𝒚 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟐 (𝒂 + 𝒚)
= .
𝒅𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒂
Ans. We have, sin 𝑦 = 𝑥 sin(a + y)
sin 𝑦
⇒𝑥=
sin(𝑎 + 𝑦)
Differentiate w.r.t. 𝑦, we get
𝑑𝑥 sin(𝑎 + 𝑦). cos 𝑦 − sin 𝑦 cos(𝑎 + 𝑦)

=
𝑑𝑦 [sin(𝑎 + 𝑦)]2
sin(𝑎 + 𝑦 − 𝑦) sin 𝑎
= =
sin2 (𝑎 + 𝑦) sin2 (𝑎 + 𝑦)
𝑑𝑦 sin2 (𝑎 + 𝑦)
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, = .
𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑎

OR
𝒅𝒚
𝐈𝐟 (𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙)𝒚 = (𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒚)𝒙 , 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐝 .
𝒅𝒙
Ans. We have (cos 𝑥)𝑦 = (sin 𝑦)𝑥
Taking logarithms on both sides, we get

𝑦 log cos 𝑥 = 𝑥 log sin 𝑦.
Differentiate w.r.t. 𝑥, we get
1 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 (− sin 𝑥) + log cos 𝑥
cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
=𝑥 cos 𝑦 + log sin 𝑦 . 1 − 𝑦 tan 𝑥 + log cos 𝑥
sin 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 cot 𝑦 + log sin 𝑦 log cos 𝑥 − 𝑥 cot 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= log sin 𝑦 + 𝑦 tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 log sin 𝑦 + 𝑦 tan 𝑥
∴ = .
𝑑𝑥 log cos 𝑥 − 𝑥 cot 𝑦
Q.13. Let 𝒇: 𝑵 → 𝑵 be defined by
𝒏+𝟏
, 𝐢𝐟 𝒏 𝐢𝐬 𝐨𝐝𝐝
𝟐
𝒇(𝒏) = { 𝒏 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝒏 ∈ 𝐍.
, 𝐢𝐟 𝒏 𝐢𝐬 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧
𝟐
Find whether the function 𝒇 is bijective. 4 marks
Ans. Given
𝑛+1
, if 𝑛 is odd
2
𝑓(𝑛) = { 𝑛
, if 𝑛 is even
2
1+1 2 3+1 4
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(1) = = 1, 𝑓(2) = = 1, 𝑓(3) = = 2, 𝑓(4) = = 2
2 2 2 2
2𝑘 − 1 + 1 2𝑘
In general 𝑓(2𝑘 − 1) = = 𝑘 and 𝑓(2𝑘) = =𝑘
2 2
∴ 𝑓(2𝑘 − 1) = 𝑓(2𝑘), where 𝑘 is any positive integer
∴ 𝑓 is not one − one.

𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑅𝑓 = 𝑁
2𝑛
[∵ for any 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, there is 2𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, such that 𝑓(2𝑛) = = 𝑛]
2
∴ 𝑓 is onto
Thus, 𝑓 is onto but not one − one
Hence 𝑓 is not 𝑏𝑖𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒.
Q.14. Evaluate: 4 marks
𝒅𝒙
∫ .
√𝟓 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙𝟐
Ans. Let,
𝑑𝑥
𝐼=∫
√5 − 4𝑥 − 2𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
=∫
√−2 (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 5)
2
𝑑𝑥
=∫
√−2 [(𝑥 + 1)2 − 1 − 5]
2
𝑑𝑥
=∫
√−2 [(𝑥 + 1)2 − 7]
2
𝑑𝑥
=∫
√7 − 2(𝑥 + 1)2
𝑑𝑥
=∫
2
√(√7) − (√2(𝑥 + 1)2 )
√2(𝑥 + 1) 1
sin−1 [ ]× +𝑐
√7 √2
1 √2𝑥 + √2
= sin−1 ( ) + 𝑐.
√2 √7

OR
Evaluate:
∫ 𝒙 sin−1 𝒙 𝒅𝒙.
Ans. Let,
∫ 𝑥 sin−1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Integrate by parts, taking 𝑥 as II function, we get
𝑥2 1 (1−𝑥 2 )−1
𝐼= sin−1 𝑥 + 2 ∫ √1−𝑥2
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
2
𝑥 2 sin−1 𝑥 1 1 𝑑𝑥
= + ∫ √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ +𝑐
2 2 2 √1 − 𝑥 2
1 2 −1 1 𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2 1 −1 1
= 𝑥 sin 𝑥 + [ + sin 𝑥] − sin−1 +𝑐
2 2 2 2 2
1 2 −1 1 1
= 𝑥 sin 𝑥 + 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 − sin−1 𝑥 + 𝑐.
2 4 4
Q.15. If, 4 marks
sin−1 𝒙
𝒚= , 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐰 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭
√𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝟐 𝒚 𝒅𝒚
(𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 ) − 𝟑𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟎.
𝒅𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙
Ans. We have,
sin−1 𝑥
𝑦= … (𝑖)
√1 − 𝑥 2
Differentiate w.r.t. 𝑥, we get
1 1 1
√1 − 𝑥 2 . − sin −1
𝑥. (1 − 𝑥 2 )−2 . (−2𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 √1 − 𝑥 2 2
= 2
𝑑𝑥 (√1 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑥 sin−1 𝑥
1+
𝑑𝑦 √1 − 𝑥 2
=
𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥2

𝑑𝑦
(1 − 𝑥 2 ) = 1 + 𝑥𝑦 [Using (𝑖)]
𝑑𝑥
Again differentiate w.r.t. 𝑥, we get
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(1 − 𝑥 2 ) + . (−2𝑥 ) = 0 + 𝑥 + 𝑦. 1
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2)
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(1 − 𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 −𝑦=0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
∴ (1 − 𝑥2) 2 − 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Q.16. In a multiple-choice examination with three possible answers (out of which only one
is correct) for each of the five questions, what is the probability that a candidate
would get four or more correct answer just by guessing? 4 marks
Ans. Here, 𝑛 = 5
1
𝑝 = 𝑝 (correct answer) =
3
1 2
𝑞 = 1−𝑝 = 1− =
3 3
𝑛 𝑛−𝑟 𝑟
2 5−𝑟 1 𝑟
5
∴ 𝑃(𝑥 = 𝑟) = 𝐶𝑟 𝑞 𝑝 = 𝐶𝑟 ( ) ( )
3 3
Required probability = P(𝑟 ≥ 4)

= 𝑃(𝑟 = 4) + 𝑃(𝑟 = 5)
5 2 5−4 1 4 5 2 5−5 1 5
= 𝐶4 ( ) ( ) + 𝐶5 ( ) ( )
3 3 3 3
2 1 4 2 0 1 5
= 5. ( ) ( ) + 1. ( ) ( )
3 3 3 3
1 4 10 1 1 4 11 11
=( ) [ + ]=( ) ( )= .
3 3 3 3 3 343
Q.17. Using properties of determinants, prove the following: 4 marks
𝟏 𝟏+𝒑 𝟏+𝒑+𝒒
|𝟐 𝟑 + 𝟐𝒑 𝟏 + 𝟑𝒑 + 𝟐𝒒| = 𝟏.
𝟑 𝟔 + 𝟑𝒑 𝟏 + 𝟔𝒑 + 𝟑𝒒

1 1+𝑝 1+𝑝+𝑞
Ans. 𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = |2 3 + 2𝑝 1 + 3𝑝 + 2𝑞 |
3 6 + 3𝑝 1 + 6𝑝 + 3𝑞
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 − 2𝑅1 , 𝑅3 → 𝑅3 − 3𝑅1
1 1+𝑝 1+𝑝+𝑞
= |0 1 𝑝−1 |
0 3 3𝑝 − 2
Expanding along 𝐶1 , we get
= 1[(3𝑝 − 2) − (3𝑝 − 3)]

= 3𝑝 − 2 − 3𝑝 + 3 = 1 = 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆.
Q.18. Solve the following differential equation: 4 marks
𝒅𝒚 𝒙
𝒙 = 𝒚 − 𝒙 tan ( ).
𝒅𝒙 𝒚
Ans. Given differential equation is
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑦 − 𝑥 tan ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
∴ = − tan ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
This is a homogeneous differential equation put: 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣
= 𝑣. 1 + 𝑥 =𝑣+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑣𝑥 𝑣𝑥
∴𝑣+𝑥 = − tan ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑣
𝑣+𝑥 = 𝑣 − tan 𝑣
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣
𝑥 = − tan 𝑣
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=− ⇒ cot 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 = −
tan 𝑣 𝑥 𝑥
integrating both sides, we get
𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 = − ∫
𝑥
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑣 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑐

𝑐
𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑣 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔
𝑥
𝑦 𝑐 𝑦
∴ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 = ⇒ 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 𝑐.
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
Q.19. Solve the following differential equation 4 marks
𝒅𝒚
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙.
𝒅𝒙
Ans. Given differential equation is
𝑑𝑦
cos2 𝑥 + 𝑦 = tan 𝑥.
𝑑𝑥
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑦 cos 2 𝑥, 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 tan 𝑥
+ =
𝑑𝑥 cos 2 𝑦 cos 2 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥. = sec 2 𝑥 tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Which is linear differential equation of the
𝑑𝑦
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 + 𝑝𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥
𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑃 = sec 2 𝑥, 𝑄 = sec 2 𝑥 tan 𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝𝑑𝑥

2𝑥
∴ 𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ sec 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 tan 𝑥
Hence, the required solution is
𝑦. 𝐼𝐹 = ∫ 𝑄. 𝐼𝐹 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦. 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = ∫ sec 2 𝑥 . tan 𝑥 𝑒 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑃𝑢𝑡 ∶ tan 𝑥 = 𝑡
sec 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡
∴ 𝑦 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = ∫ 𝑡 𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑡 𝑒 𝑡 − ∫ 1. 𝑒 𝑡 . 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑐

𝑦 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑡 𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑡 (𝑡 − 1) + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑒 tan 𝑥 (tan 𝑥 − 1) + 𝑐
∴ 𝑦 = (tan 𝑥 − 1) + 𝑐 𝑒 − tan 𝑥 .
Q.20. Find the shortest distance between the following two lines: 4 marks
̂;
⃗ = (𝟏 − 𝝀)𝒊̂ + (𝟐 − 𝝀)𝒋̂ + (𝝀 + 𝟏)𝒌
𝒓
̂ ) + 𝝁(𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ + 𝟐𝒌
⃗ = (𝟐𝒊̂ − 𝒋̂ − 𝒌
𝒓 ̂ ).
Ans. Given equation are
𝑟 = (1 − 𝜆)𝑖̂ + (2 − 𝜆)𝑗̂ + (𝜆 + 1)𝑘̂;
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 = (2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂) + 𝜇(2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂).
Writing the equations in standard from
𝑟 = (𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) + 𝜆(𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) … (1)
𝑟 = (2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂) + 𝜇(2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂) … (2)
On comparing with
𝑟 = 𝑎 + 𝜆𝑏⃗, 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝑎1 = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ , ⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑏1 = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
̂ ⃗⃗⃗
𝑎2 = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘,
⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑏1 = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
∴ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑎1 = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ − 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂

𝑎2 − ⃗⃗⃗⃗
= 𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂
𝑖̂ 𝑗̂ 𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑏1 x 𝑏2 = |1 −1 1|
2 1 2
= 𝑖̂(−2 − 1) − 𝑗̂(2 − 2) + 𝑘̂(1 + 2)
= −3𝑖̂ − 0𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂
= ⃗⃗⃗
𝑏1 x ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑏2 = √(−3)2 + (3)2 = √9 + 9
= √18 = 3√2.

Shortest distance
⃗⃗⃗1 x ⃗⃗⃗⃗
(𝑏 𝑏2 ). (𝑎 ⃗⃗⃗⃗2 x ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑎1 )
𝑆. 𝐷. = | |
|𝑏⃗⃗⃗1 x ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑏2 |
(−3𝑖̂ + 0 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂). (𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂)

=| |
3√2
−3 − 0 − 6 −9 3
=| |=| |= .
3√2 3√2 √2
Q.21. Prove the following: 4 marks
√𝟏 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + √𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝒙 𝝅
𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 ( )= , 𝒙 𝝐 (𝟎, )
√𝟏 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 − √𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝟐 𝟒
Ans.
√1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + √1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑥 𝜋
𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆. = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 ( ) ; , 𝑥 𝜖 (0, )
√1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − √1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 2 4
= 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
√𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 + 2 sin cos + √𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 − 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
√𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 + 2 sin cos − √𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 − 2 sin cos
[ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2]
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2) + (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2)
−1
= 𝑐𝑜𝑡 [ 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 ]
(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2)
𝜋 𝑥 𝑥
(𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥𝜖 [0, ] , 𝑐𝑜𝑠 > 𝑠𝑖𝑛 )
4 2 2
𝑥
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑥
−1 −1
= 𝑐𝑜𝑡 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 (𝑐𝑜𝑡 ) =
2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 2 2
= R.H.S.
OR
𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒙: 𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 (𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 (𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙).

Ans. Here, 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥)
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
⇒ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥)
1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥
2𝑥
[∵ 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )]
1 − 𝑥2
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 2
⇒ 2
= 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 ⇒ 2
=
1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥) = 0
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 = 1
𝜋
⇒𝑥=0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = .
4
̂ with the unit vector along the sum of
Q.22. The scalar product of the vector 𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ + 𝒌
̂ and 𝝅𝒊̂ + 𝟐𝒋̂ + 𝟑𝒌
vectors 𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟒𝒋̂ − 𝟓𝒌 ̂ is equal to one. Find the value of 𝝀. 4 marks
Ans. 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑎 = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = 𝜋𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑑 = 𝑏⃗ + 𝑐 = 2𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ + 𝜆𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂
= (2 + 𝜆)𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂
𝑑 (2 + 𝜆)𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂

∴ 𝑑̂ = =
|𝑑 | √(2 + 𝜆)2 + (6)2 + (−2)2
(2 + 𝜆)𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂

=
√4 + 𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 36 + 4
(2 + 𝜆)𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂

=
√𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 44
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑎. 𝑑̂ = 1 (𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛)
(2 + 𝜆)𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂

(𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂). =1
√𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 44
(2 + 𝜆) + 6 − 2 = √𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 44
𝜆 + 6 = √𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 44

On squaring we get,
𝜆2 + 12𝜆 + 36 = 𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 44
∴ 𝜆 = 1.
SECTION- C
Question number 23 to 29 carry 6 marks each
Q.23. Find the equation of the plane determined by the points A (3, -1, 2), B (5, 2, 4) and C
(-1, -1, 6). Also find the distance of the point P(6, 5, 9) from the plane. 6 marks
Ans. Part I: Equation of plane passing through three points is

𝑥 − 𝑥1 𝑦 − 𝑦1 𝑧 − 𝑧1
| 2 − 𝑥1
𝑥 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑧2 − 𝑧1 | = 0
𝑥3 − 𝑥1 𝑦3 − 𝑦1 𝑧3 − 𝑧1
𝑥−3 𝑦+1 𝑧−2

| 5−3 2 + 1 4 − 2| = 0
−1 − 3 −1 + 1 6 − 2
𝑥−3 𝑦+1 𝑧−2
| 2 3 2 |=0
−4 0 4
(𝑥 − 3)(12 − 0) − (𝑦 + 1)(8 + 8) + (𝑧 − 2)(0 + 12) = 0
12𝑥 − 36 − 16𝑦 − 16 + 12𝑧 − 24 = 0
12𝑥 − 16𝑦 + 12𝑧 − 76 = 0
3𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 3𝑧 − 19 = 0
Part II: ⊥from the point P (6, 5, 9) to given plane is
18 − 20 + 27 − 19 6
=| |= .
√9 + 16 + 9 √34
Q.24. Find the area of the region included between the parabola 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒙 and the line
x + y = 2. 6 marks
Ans. Given equations of parabola and line are
𝒚𝟐 = 𝒙 ⇒ 𝒚 = √ 𝒙 … (𝟏)
𝑥+𝑦 = 2⇒𝑦 = 2−𝑥 . . . (2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get
(2 − 𝑥)2 = 𝑥 ⇒ 4 + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 𝑥

⇒ 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 + 4 = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 4) = 0 ∴ 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 4
Area of the bounded region OA BCDO = area of region OAE + area of region ABE +
area of region OBCDO
= 𝐴1 + 𝐴2 + 𝐴3
1 1
𝑥 3/2
∴ 𝐴1 = ∫ √𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = [ ]
3/2 0
0
2
= [(1)3/2 − 0] = 2/3
3
2 2
𝑥2
𝐴2 = ∫(2 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = [2𝑥 − ]
2 1
1
4 1
= (4 − ) − (2 − )
2 2
3 1
=2− =
2 2
4 4
𝐴3 = ∫ √𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − ∫(2 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥
0 2

4 4
𝑥 3/2 𝑥2
=[ ] − [2𝑥 − ]
3/2 0 2 2
2
= [ (4)3/2 − 0] − [(8 − 8) − (4 − 2)]
3
2 16 10
= (8) − 2 = −2=
3 3 3
Required bounded area
2 1 10
= + +
3 2 3
4 + 3 + 20 27 9
= = = 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠.
6 6 2
Q.25. Evaluate: 6 marks
𝝅
𝒙 𝒅𝒙
∫ .
𝒂𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒃𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙
𝟎
Ans.
𝜋
𝑥
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐼 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 … (1)
𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 + 𝑏 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
0
𝜋
(𝜋 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
⇒𝐼=∫
𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝜋 − 𝑥) + 𝑏 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝜋 − 𝑥)
0
𝑎 𝑎
[∵ 𝐼 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑎 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥]

0 0
𝜋
(𝜋 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝐼=∫ … . (2)
0
Adding (1) and (2), we get
𝜋 (𝑥−𝜋−𝑥)𝑑𝑥
2𝐼 = ∫0
𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥+𝑏2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥

𝜋 𝑑𝑥
2𝐼 = 𝜋 ∫0
𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥+𝑏2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
2𝑎 𝑎
[∴ ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑓(2𝑎 − 𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥)]

0 0
∵ 𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝜋 − 𝑥) + 𝑏 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝜋 − 𝑥)
𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝜋/2
𝑑𝑥
∴ 2𝐼 = 2𝜋 ∫
0
Divide numerator and denominator by cos 2 𝑥

𝜋
2
sec 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∴ 𝐼 = 𝜋∫ 2
𝑎 + 𝑏 2 tan2 𝑥
0
𝑃𝑢𝑡 tan 𝑥 = 𝑡 ⇒ sec 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡
𝑥 = 0 ⇒ 𝑡 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑
𝜋
𝑥= ⇒𝑡=∞
2
∞
𝑑𝑡
𝐼 = 𝜋∫
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 𝑡 2
0
𝜋 −1
𝑏𝑡 ∞
𝐼= [tan ]
𝑎𝑏 𝑎 0
𝜋
𝐼= [tan−1 ∞ − tan−1 0]
𝑎𝑏
𝜋 𝜋
𝐼= .
𝑎𝑏 2
𝜋2
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝐼 = .
2𝑎𝑏
Q. 26. Using matrices, solve the following system of equations: 6 marks
𝒙+𝒚+𝒛=𝟔
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒛 = 𝟕
𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒛 = 𝟏𝟐.

Ans. Given equations can be written as
𝐴Χ = 𝐵 ⇒ = 𝐴−1 𝐵
Where
1 1 1 𝑥 6
𝐴 = [1 0 2] , 𝑋 = [𝑦 ] , 𝐵 = [ 7]
3 1 1 𝑧 12
1 1 1
∴ |𝐴| = |1 0 2|
3 1 1
= 1(0 − 2) − 1(1 − 6) + 1(1 − 0)
= −2 + 5 + 1 = 4 ≠ 0
∴ 𝐴−1 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠
𝐴11 = (−1)2 (0 − 2) = −2
𝐴12 = (−1)3 (1 − 6) = 5
𝐴13 = (−1)4 (1 − 0) = 1
𝐴21 = (−1)3 (1 − 1) = 0
𝐴22 = (−1)4 (1 − 3) = −2
𝐴23 = (−1)5 (2 − 0) = 2
𝐴31 = (−1)4 (2 − 0) = 2
𝐴32 = (−1)5 (2 − 1) = −1
𝐴33 = (−1)6 (0 − 1) = −1
−1
1 1 −2 0 2
∴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴 = [ 5 −2 −1]
|𝐴| 4
1 2 −1
𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵
𝑥 1 −2 0 2 6
[𝑦 ] = [ 5 −2 −1] [ 7 ]
𝑧 4
1 2 −1 12
1 −12 + 0 + 24 1 12 3
= [ 30 − 14 − 12 ] = [ 4 ] = [1]
4 4
6 + 14 − 12 8 2
∴ 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 1, 𝑧 = 2.

OR
Obtain the inverse of the following matrix using elementary operations;
𝟑 𝟎 −𝟏
𝑨 = [𝟐 𝟑 𝟎]
𝟎 𝟒 𝟏
Ans. Since A= IA
3 0 −1 1 0 0
∴ [2 3 0 ] = [0 1 0] 𝐴
0 4 1 0 0 1
1
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅1 → 𝑅 , 𝑊𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
3 1
1 1
1 0 − 0 0
[ 3] = [3 ]𝐴
2 3 0 0 1 0
0 4 1 0 0 1
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 − 2𝑅1 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
1 1
1 0 − 0 0
3 3
2 = 2 𝐴
0 3 − 1 0
3 3
[0 4 1 ] [ 0 0 1]
1
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅2 → 𝑅 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
3 2
1 1
1 0 − 0 0
3 3
2 = −2 1 𝐴
0 1 0
9 9 3
[0 4 1 ] [0 0 1]
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅3 → 𝑅3 − 4𝑅2
1 1
1 0 − 0 0
3 3
2 −2 1
0 1 = 0 𝐴
9 9 3
1 8 −4
[0 0 9 ] [ 9 3
1]
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅3 → 9𝑅3 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡

1 1
1 0 − 0 0
3 3
2 = −2 1 𝐴
0 1 0
9 9 3
[0 0 1 ] [ 8 −12 9]
2
𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 − 𝑅3 ,
9
1
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅1 → 𝑅1 + 𝑅3
3
1 0 0 3 −4 3
[0 1 0] = [−2 3 −2] 𝐴
0 0 1 8 −12 9
3 −4 3
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐴−1 = [−2 3 −2]
8 −12 9
Q. 27. Colored balls are distributed in three bags as shown in the following table:
Bag Colour of the ball

Black White Red
𝐈 1 2 3
𝐈𝐈 2 4 1
𝐈𝐈𝐈 4 5 3
A bag is selected at random and then two balls are randomly drawn from the
selected bag. They happen to be black and red. What is the probability that they
came from bag I? 6 marks
Ans. 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐸1 , 𝐸2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸3 be the events to select bag I, bag II and bag III respectively
1
∴ 𝑃(𝐸1 ) = 𝑃(𝐸2 ) = 𝑃(𝐸3 ) =
3
Let E be the event to draw a black and red ball.
1
𝐶1 . 3𝐶1 1.3 1
𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸1 ) = 6 = =
𝐶2 6.5 5
2.1
2
𝐶1 . 1𝐶1 2.1 2
𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸2 ) = 7 = =
𝐶2 7.6 21
2.1
𝐶1 . 3𝐶1 4
4.3 2
𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸3 ) = 12 = = .
𝐶2 12.11 11
2.1
By Bayes’ theorem,
Required probability =𝑃(𝐸1 ⁄𝐸 )
𝑃(𝐸1 )𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸1 )

=
𝑃(𝐸1 )𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸1 ) + 𝑃(𝐸2 )𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸2 ) + 𝑃(𝐸3 )𝑃(𝐸 ⁄𝐸3 )
1 1
= 3×5
1 1 1 2 1 2
3 × 5 + 3 × 21 + 3 × 11
1
= 5
1 2 2
+ +
5 21 11
1
= 5
231 + 110 + 210
5×21×11
1 5×21×11 231
= × = .
5 551 551
Q.28. A manufacturer produces two products A and B. Both the products are processed on
two different machines. The available capacity of first machine is 12 hours and that
of
second machine is 9 hours per day. Each unit of product a requires 3 hours on both
machine and each unit of product B requires 2 hours on first machine and 1 hour on
second machine. Each unit of product A is sold at Rs 7 profit and that of B at a profit
of Rs 4. Find the production level per day for maximum profit graphically. 6 marks
Ans.
I II Profit
Product A 3hr 3hr Rs7
B 2hr 1hr Rs4

Availability 12hr 9hr
Let machines products x unit of products A
Per day and unit y of product B is maximum
𝑧 = 7𝑥 + 4𝑦 (𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡)

Subject to constraints
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 12 (machine I)
3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 9 (machine II)
𝑥≥0 (products A)
𝑦≥0 (products B)
Equation I Equation II
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 12 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 9
A B
X 0 4 𝑐 𝐷
Y 6 0 𝑥 0 3
𝑦 9 0
Graph for (0,0) true graph for (0,0) true

Corner point of shaded value of z at corner pt.
Portion
A (0,6) 𝑧 = 0(7) + 4(6) = 24𝑅𝑆
O (0,0) 𝑧 = 0(7) + 0(4) = 0𝑅𝑠
D (3,0) 𝑧 = 3(7) + 0(4) = 21𝑅𝑠
E (2,3) z = 2(7) + 3(4) = 26Rs
𝑖. 𝑒. , Z is maximum at 𝑥 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 3
𝑖. 𝑒. , if 2 unit of product A and 3 unit of product B then, profit is maximum 𝑖. 𝑒. 26 Rs.
Q. 29. If the sum of the lengths of the hypotenuse and a side of a right- angled triangles is
given, show that the area of the triangle is
𝝅
maximum when the angle between them is . 6 marks
𝟑
Ans. 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑥, 𝐵𝐶 = 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝐶 = 𝑧
and angle between AB and AC be 𝜃 in right angled ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶
∴ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶
1
𝐴= 𝑥𝑦 … (1)
2
𝐼𝑛 𝑟𝑡 ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 𝑧2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (𝑙 − 𝑥)2 [∴ 𝑥 + 𝑧 = 𝑙(𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛)]
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑙 2 + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑙𝑥
𝑦 2 = 𝑙 2 − 2𝑙𝑥 … (2)

Squaring both sides of eq. (1), we get
1 2 2
𝐴2 = 𝑥 𝑦
4
1
𝐴2 = 𝑥 2 (𝑙 2 − 2𝑙𝑥)
4
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐴2 = 𝑓(𝑥)
1 2 2
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑙 𝑥 − 2𝑙 𝑥 3 ) … (3)
4
1 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (2𝑙 𝑥 − 6𝑙 𝑥 2 ) … (4)
4
For stationary points, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0
1 2
(2𝑙 𝑥 − 6𝑙 𝑥 2 ) = 0
4
𝑙
2𝑙 𝑥(𝑙 − 3𝑥) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 =
3
𝑙
∴ 𝑥 = 0 is not possible ∴ 𝑥 =
3
1
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = (2𝑙 2 − 12 𝑙𝑥)
4
1 𝑙
∴ [𝑓 ′′ (𝑥)]𝑥=1⁄3 = (2𝑙 2 − 12𝑙. )
4 3
1 −2𝑙 2 −𝑙 2
= (2𝑙 2 − 4𝑙 2 ) = = <0
4 4 2
𝑙
∴ Area of maximum at 𝑥 =
3
Putting the value of 𝑥, we get
𝑙 𝑙
𝑧 =𝑙−𝑥 =𝑙− =2
3 3
𝑙
𝑥 3 1 𝜋
∴ cos 𝜃 = = = = cos .
𝑧 2𝑙 2 3
3
𝜋
Hence required angle = .
3

OR
𝒙
A manufacturer can sell 𝒙 items at a price of 𝑹𝒔 (𝟓 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎) each. The cost price of 𝒙
𝒙
items is 𝑹𝒔 (𝟓 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎). Find the number of items he should sell to earn maximum
profit.
Ans. Let 𝑆(𝑥) and 𝐶(𝑥) be the selling and cost price of 𝑥 items respectively
𝑥 𝑥2
𝑆(𝑥) = (5 − ) . 𝑥 = 5𝑥 −
100 100
𝑥
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶(𝑥) = + 500
5
The profit function 𝑃(𝑥)is given by
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑆(𝑥) − 𝐶(𝑥)
𝑥2 𝑥
= 5𝑥 − − − 500
100 5
24 𝑥2
= 𝑥− − 500
5 100
24 𝑥
∴ 𝑃′ (𝑥) = −
5 50
For maximum profit 𝑃′ (𝑥) = 0
24 𝑥 24
∴ − =0 ⇒𝑥= × 50 = 240
5 50 5
1 1
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑃′′ (𝑥) = 0 − =−
50 50
1
∴ [𝑝′′ (𝑥)]𝑥=240 = − <0
50
Thus profit is maximum when 𝑥 = 240 items.


12 TH Mathematics 2009 Solved Paper CBSE

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CBSE 12th Mathematics 2009 Solved Paper

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CBSE 12th Mathematics 2009 Solved Paper

THE MARKS ARE MENTIONED ON EACH QUESTION

Question numbers 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.

Q.1 Find the value of 𝒙, if: 1 mark

By definition of equality of two matrices, we have

Q.2. Let * be a binary operation on N given by 𝒂 ∗ 𝒃 = 𝑯𝑪𝑭 (𝒂, 𝒃) 𝒂, 𝒃 ∈ 𝑵. Write the

Ans. ∵ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 = 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑎, 𝑏)

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Q.3. Evaluate: 1 mark

Q.4. Evaluate: 1 mark

∴ 𝐼 = ∫ cos 𝑡 . 2𝑑𝑡 = 2 sin 𝑡 + 𝑐

Q.5. Write the principal value of: 1 mark

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𝒂−𝒃 𝒃−𝒄 𝒄−𝒂

𝑎−𝑏+𝑏−𝑐+𝑐−𝑎 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎

Q.7. Find the value of 𝒙 from the following: 1 mark

Q.8. Find the value of 𝒑 if

(2𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 27𝑘̂)×(𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑝𝑘̂) = ⃗0

𝑖̂(6𝑝 − 81) − 𝑗̂(2𝑝 − 27) + 𝑘̂(6 − 6) = ⃗0

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𝑖̂(6𝑝 − 81) − 𝑗̂(2𝑝 − 27) + 0𝑘̂ = 0𝑖̂ + 0𝑗̂ + 0𝑘̂

Question numbers 11 to 22 carry 4 marks each.

∴ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 2𝑐𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒.

Find the intervals in which the function 𝒇 given by

𝒇(𝒙) = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟐𝝅, is strictly increasing or strictly decreasing.

Ans. Here 𝑓(𝑥) = sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋

∴ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = cos 𝑥 − sin 𝑥

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Interval Test Value Sign of 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) Nature of

Hence 𝑓 is strictly increasing in the intervals

Differentiate w.r.t. 𝑦, we get

𝑑𝑥 sin(𝑎 + 𝑦). cos 𝑦 − sin 𝑦 cos(𝑎 + 𝑦)

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Taking logarithms on both sides, we get

Differentiate w.r.t. 𝑥, we get

Q.13. Let 𝒇: 𝑵 → 𝑵 be defined by

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Q.14. Evaluate: 4 marks

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Integrate by parts, taking 𝑥 as II function, we get

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Again differentiate w.r.t. 𝑥, we get

Required probability = P(𝑟 ≥ 4)

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𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 − 2𝑅1 , 𝑅3 → 𝑅3 − 3𝑅1

Expanding along 𝐶1 , we get

= 1[(3𝑝 − 2) − (3𝑝 − 3)]

Q.18. Solve the following differential equation: 4 marks

Ans. Given differential equation is

𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑣 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑐

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𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝𝑑𝑥

Hence, the required solution is

𝑦. 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = ∫ sec 2 𝑥 . tan 𝑥 𝑒 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐

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𝑦 𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑒 tan 𝑥 (tan 𝑥 − 1) + 𝑐

Ans. Given equation are

𝑟 = (1 − 𝜆)𝑖̂ + (2 − 𝜆)𝑗̂ + (𝜆 + 1)𝑘̂;

𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 = (2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂) + 𝜇(2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂).