Global governance in 21st century

Governance refers to the governing procedures and standards with political authority which is
aimed at controlling certain institution and organization. It is generally defined as an instance of
governance in the absence of government.

Global governance can be thus understood as the sum of laws, norms, policies, and institutions
that define, constitute, and mediate trans-border relations between states, cultures, citizens,
intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations, and the market. It has broader dimension
where global governance interconnects the entire globe as a single entity.

Global governance is not a mechanism of global government controlling different nations

across the world. It is in fact a process which allows interconnectivity across different borders
and sovereign territories. Global governance is governing, without sovereign authority,
relationships that transcend national frontiers.

It is important for us to understand and use the term carefully to overcome the current
confusion spawned by the variation in uses of the concept. We argue that the concept of global
governance can help us make sense of interactions and transformations we observe in world
politics only if it is used in a more careful way.

The concept of governance evolved over a period of time. Before the devastating world war,
governance was merely a subject to particular nation and state which targeted national
government. A second burst of international institution-building, capped by the League of
Nations, occurred in the wake of World War I. Those institutions failed to secure deteriorating
economic conditions and failed to promote security concerns which resulted in Second World
War. A third shift in governance that emerged after 1945 continues to shape our thinking about
global governance and its institutional architecture. After 1945 the essence of global governance
was realised which resulted in economic ties, formation of regional organisation, acceptance of
global trade, development of global organisation like IMF, World Bank and General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade(GATT) and many more.

Global governance has evolved as one of the most influencing tool for globalisation which has
led to the foundation of sustainable development projects around the globe. Global governance
can be considered a tool which leads to the process of globalisation. Globalisation thus
describes a process in which the world moves towards an integrated global society and the
significance of national borders decreases.

The impact of terrorism is definitely one of the biggest challenges to global governance and in
this regard even the greatest of power in international system has failed to deliver and assure
peace.

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Global governance today demands collective interest of all powerful blocs to be under one roof
so that it can ensure peace, security, and importantly prosperity all around the world.

http://english.lokaantar.com/articles/global-governance-21st-century/

Governance Challenges in the 21st Century

Columbia Global Centers | Turkey and Studio-X Istanbul invite you to a lecture and discussion
with Katharina Pistor of Columbia Law School and Fikret Adaman of Bogazici University on
"Governance Challenges in the 21st Century: Depoliticization, Rescaling, and
Capitalization."

The 21st century has brought new governance challenges that are often summarized by
reference to the term 'globalization'. Closer inspection suggests that globalization entails
multiple trajectories of change within states, among actors inside and outside nation states, as
well as new forms of resource mobilization and risk allocation. Within states depoliticization
can be observed in the form of delegating decisions to independent regulators and experts,
central banks, or judiciaries. A second trajectory is the rescaling of economic and social
relations well beyond the territorial boundaries of nation states, facilitated by transnational legal
arrangements that have their roots in national law. Law is also a critical ingredient for
transforming real assets into commodities and ultimately financial assets, that is, the
capitalization of assets. These trajectories have differential effects on different constituencies
within and across domestic polities: some benefit from direct participation or inclusion in these
processes, while others face exclusion. Recognizing these trajectories and their potentially
destabilizing effects for polities is of critical importance for effective governance.

https://globalcenters.columbia.edu/events/governance-challenges-21st-century

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 Challenges of Global Governance in the 21st Century

On 13 June, The Hague Institute welcomed Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, and
candidate for the Secretary-Generalship of the United Nations, to speak on “Challenges of
Global Governance in the 21st Century” as part of the ongoing Distinguished Speaker Series
at the Institute.

Dr. Abi Williams, President of The Hague Institute, provided welcoming remarks, highlighting
the primordial role of UNESCO as a defender of peace. Through its central role in global
cooperation in education, culture and science, UNESCO contributes to the prevention of
conflicts and the development of robust and agile responses to contemporary global
challenges. Advances in science, technology and connectivity offer new opportunities to address
these challenges, which are beyond the control of any single state.

Bokova noted that while new technologies have created new pathways to prosperity, trade and
inter-cultural dialogue, the increasing fragmentation of the international community is a cause
for concern. Climate change, poverty, violent conflict, intolerance and extremism present direct
threats to the unity and well-being of the international community. Bokova emphasized that we
must learn, at the heart of our cities and communities, to live together.

(((((((( incomplete , too long hahhhaa)))))

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http://www.millennium-project.org/projects/challenges/

( check mo ney ina na site kay not sure kung challenges ina)

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 Roles and Function of United Nations

The Role of the United Nations

The United Nations has made enormous positive contributions in maintaining

international peace and security, promoting cooperation among states and international
development. Today, people of the world still face the two major issues of peace and
development. Only by international cooperation can mankind meet the challenges of the global
and regional issues. The United Nations can play a pivotal and positive role in this regard.
Strengthening the role of the United Nations in the new century and promoting the establishment
of a just and reasonable international political and economic order goes along with the trend of
history and is in the interest of all nations.

In order to strengthen the role of the United Nations, efforts should be made to uphold the
purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. The authority of the Security
Council in maintaining international peace and security must be preserved and role of the United
Nations in development area should be strengthened. To strengthen the role of the United
Nations, it is essential to ensure to all Member States of the United Nations the right to equal
participation in international affairs and the rights and interests of the developing countries
should be safeguarded.

http://www.china-un.org/eng/zghlhg/zzhgg/t29436.htm

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http://www.un.org/en/sections/what-we-do/

( ney, visit ka dida sa site para copy paste mo nalng)

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United Nations: Objectives and Roles of United Nations!

The United Nations Organisation (UNO) is the global international organisation of

sovereign independent states. It was established on 24 October 1945. The destruction caused by
the Second World War compelled the people to establish an international organisation for
keeping the world away from war and in favour of friendship and cooperation among all the
nations. The UNO was designed to save the future generations from the scourage of war by
promoting International peace and security.

The name “United Nations” was suggested by US President Franklin Roosevelt. It

was first used in the Declaration of the United Nations made on January 1, 1942. At San
Francisco Conference, it was unanimously adopted as the name of the new international
organization as a tribute to the late President of the United States. India had not achieved its
independence by then and yet it became one of the founder members of the United Nations.
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 All nations pledged themselves to the UN Charter. In the UN Charter they pledged “to
save the succeeding generations from the scourage of war” They also promised to “promote
social progress and better standards of life.” The Charter came into force on October 24, 1945
after a majority of the signatories deposited their instruments of ratification. Since then every
year, 24th October is celebrated as the United Nations Day.

http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/uno/united-nations-objectives-and-roles-of-united-
nations/40332

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The United Nations (UN) is an international organization created in 1945, shortly after
the end of WWII. The UN was formed by 51 countries in order to encourage resolution of
international conflicts without war and to form policies on international issues. Like most
organizations, the UN was formed in order to meet certain goals and purposes. Article I of the
Charter of United Nations specifies the purposes of the UN. The Charter of United Nations (UN
Charter) is the UN's governing document, much like the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The UN Charter sets out four main purposes:

 Maintaining worldwide peace and security

 Developing relations among nations
 Fostering cooperation between nations in order to solve economic, social,
cultural, or humanitarian international problems
 Providing a forum for bringing countries together to meet the UN's purposes and
goals

https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-the-united-nations-definition-history-members-
purpose.html

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What is the main function of the United Nations?

The UN Charter sets out four main purposes: Maintaining worldwide peace and security.
Developing relations among nations. Fostering cooperation between nations in order to solve
economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian international problems.

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Functions of the United Nations Today

As it was in the past, the main function of the UN today is to maintain peace and security
for all of its member states. Though the UN does not maintain its own military, it does have
peacekeeping forces that are supplied by its member states. On approval of the UN Security
Council, these peacekeepers are, for example, sent to regions where armed conflict has recently
ended to discourage combatants from resuming fighting. In 1988, the peacekeeping force won a
Nobel Peace Prize for its actions.

In addition to maintaining peace, the UN aims to protect human rights and provide
humanitarian assistance when needed. In 1948, the General Assembly adopted the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights as a standard for its human rights operations. The UN currently
provides technical assistance in elections, helps to improve judicial structures and draft
constitutions trains human rights officials, and provides food, drinking water, shelter, and other
humanitarian services to peoples displaced by famine, war, and natural disaster.

Finally, the UN plays an integral part in social and economic development through its
UN Development Program. This is the largest source of technical grant assistance in the world.
In addition, the World Health Organization; UNAIDS; The Global Fund to Fight AIDS,
Tuberculosis, and Malaria; the UN Population Fund; and the World Bank Group, to name a few,
play an essential role in this aspect of the UN. The parent organization also annually publishes
the Human Development Index to rank countries in terms of poverty, literacy, education, and life
expectancy.

https://www.thoughtco.com/the-united-nations-p2-1435441

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 Relevance of the state amid globalization

The relevance of the nation-state in globalization is a complex to understand due to change of

concepts of globalization. While it was defined in several ways, globalization is defined as the
fading of economic, social and cultural in between nation-states.