Principles of Mathematics (Math 10)

Final Presentation (Written Report)

Topic: QUADRATICS IN FACTORED FORM (4.5)

Name: Huang, Victoria and Zheng Li, Christie

Period 1
Teacher: Mr. Leonen A. Adjaro
Date: 2018-12-18
Introduction:

The information about quadratics in factored form 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥 − 𝑠) , is investigated from chapter
4.5 in “Principles of Mathematics 10”. This acknowledge develops students’ comprehension about the
roots, or zeros, or usually call as x-intercepts that are expressed graphically or algebraically, and explore
the relationships between the factored form of quadratics. This quadratic function is more convenient
compare to other quadratic relations in standard form ( 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ), and vertex form
(𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘,) which it helps us to analyze important ideas from the key features,

Body:

As a recall, the symmetrical line, the x-intercept, cuts the parabola into two equal sides. By getting the
midpoint (𝑀1 + 𝑀2 ) ÷ 2 from two roots, draw a straight line. The “M’s” in the formula represents the
roots of the quadratics in factored form algebraically.

First of all, we can easily make an equation by looking a parabolic graph.

Rules and discovery of key concepts:

The common figure from the three graphs is the roots. They have both
coordinate of (-2,0), and (1,0). However, they graph similar, but differently,
which is because of the value of “a” from the formula 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥 − 𝑠) . If
the value of “a” is negative, then it has a maximum point and it opens
downward, shown as the graphs with green lines. Whether if “a” is a positive
value, the properties are opposite shown in blue line. Assume that “a” is equal to
“1”, then substitute the concepts, which it gives an equation 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 −
1). Therefore, we can see the r, and s in the formula are the roots when y is
equal to zero. Nevertheless, knowing the coordinate that passes through the y-
axis is concerned, which you can solve it by just investigating x as 0. In here, the domain and range are
XER, and values of Y’s are influenced by the value of “a”.

Dealing with standard and vertex quadratic forms and converting into factored form:

In spite of using quadratics in factored form to solve, others quadratic relations are also applicable in
solving roots or maxima or minima; but… quadratics in factored form is way easier to apply, so how to
change different forms of quadratics into factored form? There are ways to transform the formulas: “By
factoring-it refers to the products of the value, which you can use either decomposition or trial and error;
Perfect square trinomial-refers to; (𝑎 ∓ 𝑏) 2 = 𝑎2 ∓ 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ; differences of squares-(a-b)(a+b)=𝑎2 −
𝑏
𝑏 2 ; and completing the square-22 ”. Detailed ways of transforming formulas are going to provide later in
applications. Indeed, the zero-factor property is also important. This property exclaimed if a and b are real
numbers and ab=0, then a=0, b=0. Also, learning how to convert factored form to other forms.

Real life application:

Ex. 1

A cliff driver is 64 feet above the surface of the water. The formula for calculating the height(h) of the
driver after t seconds is: ℎ = −16𝑡 2 + 64. How long does it take for the driver to hit the surface of the
water?

0 = −16𝑡 2 + 64

0 = −16(𝑡 2 − 4)

0 = −16(𝑡 + 2)(𝑡 − 2) t=-2 (no real solution) t=2 seconds

t+2=0 t-2=0 this calculation involves rule of differences of

squares

Domain & Range: XER, Y-- 0≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2

Maxima graph (zoomed in to identify roots of

the graph)

overall of the graph ℎ = −16𝑡 2 + 6

Ex. 2

The length of a rectangular garden is 5 feet more than its width. The area of the garden is 176 square feet.
What is the length and the width of the garden?

(a) Solve for the roots, then solve for the maxima or minima
(b) Draw a graph and show its properties
The width is w. The length is 𝑤 + 5

𝑙∙𝑤 =A

(𝑤 + 5 )𝑤 = 176 ( 𝑤 − 11 )( 𝑤 + 16 ) = 0

𝑤 2 + 5𝑤 = 176 𝑤 − 11 = 0 𝑤 + 16 = 0

𝑤 2 + 5𝑤 − 176 = 0 𝑤 = 11 𝑤 = −16

Factors of 176:

1, 176 2, 88 4,44 𝑤 = 11 feet 𝑡 = 11 + 5

8, 22 11, 16 𝑡 = 16 feet

Note: Decomposition is included in the calculation

Minima: “a” =1

11 − 16
= −2.5
2

−2.5(11-11) (11+16) = -182.25

𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑖𝑠 (−2.5, −182.25)

the roots are the only two points who touch the x-axis The minima, and the point that

passes through y-axis is also concerned.

When“x” = 0, y= -176

Conclusion:

In conclusion, A quadratic function can be graph from factored form by finding three key points on the
graph. Firstly, find the x intercepts which also called the zeros or roots of the quadratic function using the
zero-product property. The zero factor property simply states that if ab=0, then either a=0 or b=0 (or
both). A product of factors is zero if and only if one or more of the factors is zero. Second, the axis of
symmetry occurs exactly halfway between the two intercepts. Average the two intercepts to find the
equation of the axis of symmetry. Third, substitute the x-value of the vertex (from axis of symmetry) into
the original function to find the y-value of the vertex. Graph the three points (two x-intercepts and
vertex). Connect the points, and a parabolic shape shown. We can use decomposition or trial and error,
perfect square trinomial and completing the square to covert standard form or vertex form to factored
form. Briefly, to conclude about quadratics in factored form, with roots directly shown in the equation,
help you to save a step to know the points that pass-through x-axis. Indeed, use the two points and solve
for the x value of the maximum/minimum point, like solving for the midpoint, substitute the value back to
the equation and get the value of Y. Nevertheless, the domain and range apply in real life is not tricky at
all, think about when it asked about height, time, those requirements are impossible to have negative
values.
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