BronchoPneumonia

Des 2015
By:
Omran Mohammed Alkhaybri.
 Out Line
 What is PneumOnia?
PneumOnia
 PathOPhysiOLOgy
 etiOLOgy & CLiniCaL PiCture
 symPtOms
 hOW tO diagnOsis
 treatment
 Case study
 referenCes
 Case study presentaion
 Bronchopneumonia is a severe type of
pneumonia that is characterized by multiple
areas of acute and isolated consolidation that
affect one or more pulmonary lobes. It is one
of the most serious infection in childrens.The
disease assumes alarming proportion if both
the lungs are affected. Great care has to be
taken if the patient suffers from
bronchopneumonia. If it is left untreated, the
outcome may be fatal.
CrOss seCtiOn Of BrOnChOPneumOnia
affeCted Lungs
 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
VIRUS ENTER THE RESPIRATORY TRACT

INFLAMMATION

ACCUMULATION OF BRONCHIAL SECRETION

ALVEOLI COLLAPSE

NARROWING OF AIRWAYS

SOB & DOB

BRONCHOPNEUMONIA
 etiOLOgy
Bronchopneumonia is caused by viruses, bacteria , fungi protozoa
and myco plasma
Bacteria
 Streptococcus
 Staphylococcus
 Hemophilus influenza
 Klebsella

Virus
 legionella pneumonia
Fungi
 candida albicans

Other predisposing factors include:

 common in hospitalized patients
 its occur as a complication of some other diseases , eg: in children –
diphtheria, measles, and whooping cough
 In adults- influenza, typhoid and paratyphoid fever
 its caused by organism aspirated from mouth
 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
BOOK BASE PATIENT MANIFESTATION

HIGH GRADE FEVER FEVER 38.8° C

COUGH W/ MUCUS PRESENT

CHEST PAIN MILD CHEST PAIN PRESENT

FATIGUE PRESENT

IRRITABILITY NOT PRESENT

DECREASED APETITE PRESENT

DECREASED BREATH SOUND PRESENT

HEADACHE ABSENT
 DIAGNOSIS
 Auscultation of breathing pattern
 Chest xray
 CBC, Sputum culture , c- reactive
protein
BRONCHOPNEUMONIA IMAGES
 TREATMENT
 Advise to drink plenty of fluid
 Enough rest
 Elevate the head of the bed to
minimize respiratory effort
 Administer oxygen, if needed
 Use antibiotics as prescribe
 Antipyretics as ordered
 NURSING CASE STUDY OF A PATIENT WITH
BRONCHOPNEUMONIA

NAME : X
AGE : 70YEARS
SEX : fEMAlE
NATIONAlITY : SAUDI
DATE Of ADMISSION :12/10/2015
CHIEf COMPlAINTS : fEvER,COUGH ,
SOB.
DIAGNOSIS : BRONCHOPNEUMONIA
 Current illness

Dyspnea and orthopnea 3 day`s

Increase when she is move
Decreases when lyning on her back
Decreases when setting
GCS 10/15
 INVESTIGATION

BIOCHEMESTRY CBC
GUL= 148.9 mg/dl WBC=15.62ul
LDH= 561 IU/L
Sodium=135mmol/l
Potassium=3.5mmol/l
CHEST X-RAY:
Showed focal consolidation in the right lower lobe.
ABG:
PH=7.28
PCo2=55
 MEDICAL INTERVENTION

 Foleycatheter.
 ETT on M.V.
 NGT
 Medication
Meropenem Antibiotic Action with 1g IV BID
gram +and-
bacteria
Clarithromycin Antibiotic Wide 500mg IV BID
spectrum
gram +and-
bacteriaof
Lasix Diuretic Congestive 40mg IV BID
H.F and
edema
Clexane Anticoagulant Prevent and 40mg S/C OD
treat deep
vein
thrombosis
Omeprazole Proton pump Interaction 40mg IV OD
inhibitor is high
 SUBJECTIVE DATA

 RESPIRATORY

Dyspnea,Cough
 CARDIOVASCULAR

Heart rate
 RENAL

Polyuria
 OBJECTIVE DATA
 RESPIRATORY
RR= 20/MIN
BREATH SOUND: Crackles
 CARDIOVASCULAR

V/S = BP= 114/70, HR= 119/min TEMP=

38.8C
EDEMA
HEART SOUND = S1 + S2 +murmur
 GASTRO

Mouth lesions.
 FAMILY HISTORY
 Herfather died and has D.M and
H.T.N

Lifestyle
Houswife, Secondhand smoking.
 CARE PLAN
 NURSING DIAGNOSIS
1. INEFFECTIVE AIRWAY CLEARANCE
 Related to increased sputum production .
 Goal to improve airway clearance.
 Objective breathing normally without effort
within 3 hours.
 NURSING INTERVENTION
 Assess rate and depth of breathing and chest
movement.
 Frequent suction.
 EVALUATION
 No sing of diffcaluty breathing.
 No abnormal lung sound.
 CARE PLAN
 NURSING DIAGNOSIS
2- RISK FOR INFECTION
 Related to chest infection.
 Goal to reduces risk of infection.
 Objective no sing of infection during
hospitalization.
 NURSING INTERVENTION
 Monitor V/S .
 Limit visitor.
 Isolation precautions as needed.
 EVALUATION
 Achieve timely resolution of current infection
without compliction.
 References
 Midicalsurgical nursing texbook
 American Lung Association
www.lungusa.org
 NANDA International
http://www.nanda.org/