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Financial Accounting
Asset Accounting
Version: 1.0
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementaion Project
BBP_HP_FICO_AA.docx Page 1 of 21
Asset Accounting
FICO-AA
Document Information
Document Purpose To explain business functions desired by H-pack in the asset accounting
module of SAP
Document Status
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Asset Accounting
INDEX
Contents
1 General information about the scenario .................................................................................... 5
1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................ 5
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Asset Accounting
6 Process Linkages/Integration points ....................................................................................... 19
12 Interface/Developments ............................................................................................................. 20
13 Conversions ............................................................................................................................... 20
14 Signoff ......................................................................................................................................... 20
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1.1 Background
H-pack packaging industries LLC undertakes manufacturing, marketing and distribution of different
varieties of food packaging materials and related products. They manufacture high quality disposable
packaging materials and related materials, paper and protection and hygiene products through its
different manufacturing facilities in UAE and India. Managed by a team of highly qualified and
experienced professionals, it has adopted policies for developing and enriching the potential of each
of its employees who serves the business. With a view to further expand operations and also to adopt
world class business practices, the management has decided to implement S/4 HANA ERP product
from SAP and they would like to derive the maximum benefits out of it.
H-pack plans to implement the following modules available in SAP S/4 HANA ERP:-
FI Financial Accounting
CO Controlling
SD Sales and Distribution
PP Production Planning & Controlling
MM Materials Management
HR Human Resources
H-pack expects the following to be covered using the asset accounting module in SAP:-
Handling of fixed assets that are available in H-pack
Procurement of new assets
Managing assets under construction and their capitalization
Real time valuation of assets
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Managing depreciation posting for assets. H-pack wishes to follow accelerated depreciation for
some assets.
Transfer and retirement of assets
Not applicable
4 Organisational considerations
Major organisational elements for asset accounting are company code, chart of accounts and chart of
depreciation. Out of this company code and chart of accounts have been explained the blue print for
organisational structure. Chart of depreciation is explained below.
Depreciation areas that are planned to be created for chart of depreciation HPUK are as below:-
Whether Target
Deperciation Accounting
Depreciation Area name Real or ledger Posting in G/L
Area principle
Derived group
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The organisation structure after creation of the recommended depreciation areas will be as shown
below:-
5 Solutions in SAP
SAP has asset accounting module for managing and monitoring fixed assets. It serves as a subsidiary
ledger to the general ledger, providing detailed information on transactions involving fixed assets. It is
tightly integrated with different modules in SAP thereby making tracking of an asset from its
procurement to retirement much easier. The asset accounting module in SAP contains the following
functions:-
Master data (asset maintenance)
Basic valuation functions
Depreciation
Transactions, such as asset acquisitions, transfers and retirements
Closing operations
Processes that are relevant for H-pack in each of the above features are explained in sections below.
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As indicated in the above, structuring at the balance sheet level follows a three level hierarchy as
below:-
Balance sheet version
Balance sheet item
G/L accounts
This hierarchy is self-explanatory and the same will be followed in H-pack.
At the asset related level it is possible to follow a four level hierarchy for maintenance of asset master
data. The concept of group asset number is specific to US and hence will not be enabled in H-pack.
Assets created in H-pack will have a main asset number and a sub asset number where the main
asset number is the single unit that will be used for evaluation and the sub asset numbers indicate the
component parts of the main asset.
At the classification level, assets are indicated using asset classes and this forms an important part in
determining the screen layout for asset transactions and the G/L accounts for posting values. It also
controls the number ranges that will be used while creating assets.
Following asset classes are recommended for creation at H-pack:-
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2200 Properties (Land & Building) 300000 - 399999 Properties (Land & Building)
8000 Office Equipment and Computers 900000 - 999999 Office Equipment and Computers
9000 Low Value Assets (LVA) 1000000 - 1099999 Low Value Assets (LVA)
With asset class, we can also maintain some of the values that are defaulted during creation of an
asset and assign valuation control parameters like depreciation key, useful life, minimum and
maximum life for each depreciation area. This actually means that it is possible to assign any number
of charts of depreciation to the same asset class which makes it possible to have country specific
depreciation terms for a combination of asset class and chart of depreciation.
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Creation of asset masters is required in H-pack to maintain details of assets that are already
available. They can make use of the following transactions in SAP:-
Create/Change/Display asset master record - AS01/AS02/AS03
Create sub asset number - AS11
Block an asset master record - AS05
A sample process flow diagram for asset master record creation is shown below:-
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Therefore, the accounting entries at the time of GR assuming capitalization will be as below:-
Operational entry
Dr. Technical clearing account
Cr. GRIR account
Asset valuation entry
Dr. Asset account
Cr. Technical clearing account
This is done since SAP allows an asset to be evaluated using multiple accounting principles. One
thing to notice here is that the balance in technical clearing account is always zero with reference to
any accounting principle.
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Before initiating this process for a full transfer of an asset under construction, any down payments that
were posted in the current fiscal year have to be reversed. For a partial transfer, down payments are
ignored. Special transaction types are planned to be configured so that these transfers are displayed
as acquisitions in the asset history sheet functionality available in SAP.
During this process, the system automatically separates the transfer of asset acquisitions from prior
fiscal years from acquisitions that took place in the year of capitalization. When the prior-year
acquisitions are transferred, (special) depreciation and investment support measures are also
transferred proportionally. The system automatically generates carry forward postings for partial
capitalization.
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Decrement postings
Debit/Credit Account Amount
Fiscal year closing activities are done in an organization to generate annual balance sheet, annual
profit and loss statement, and an appendix with additional information (annual report), which has to be
created to meet the particular legal obligations in each country. Before this is carried out in financial
accounting from a bookkeeping perspective, certain preparatory measures are to be done in asset
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accounting. These preparatory activities for asset accounting are done in SAP using transaction
AJAB.
The SAP system only closes a year in a company code when the following conditions have been met:
The system found no errors during the calculation of depreciation (such as, incorrectly defined
depreciation keys).
Planned Depreciation was not posted completely to the general ledger
All assets acquired in the fiscal year have already been capitalized (This check can be excluded
for assets under construction by excluding the asset class for it from the check)
All incomplete assets (master records) have been completed.
The system lists any assets that do not meet the above requirements in the log of the year-end
closing. The log also shows the reason for the errors.
A process flow for the year-end closing activities is shown in diagram below:-
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This process stands for carrying forward G/L account balances to the next fiscal year. In SAP,
transaction FAGLGVTR is used for this purpose. In S/4 HANA, due to the fact that there is a journal
entry, the balance carry forward of asset accounting is integrated with the balance carry forward of
general ledger Accounting. The balance carry forward carries the general ledger values and the
statistical fixed asset values to the New Year.
Please refer to the same chapter in the blue print for general ledger.
7 Functional Deficits
H-pack requires following additional details to be captured while creating assets in SAP:-
Make and model
Location
Link to employee
Loan/Mortgage details
Reference
Country of Origin
Salvage value
H-pack requires asset transfers to be routed through an approval cycle. It should be possible to
Take a print of the transfer request at the end for filing
Enhancing asset master data screen is required to capture extra details. These have to be done
through a screen exit or a BADI if available. If this is not possible, a custom development is
required to capture these additional details.
Workflow needs to be enabled for asset transfer process. Form development is required for
transfer request form.
Implementation of different functionalities in the asset accounting module of SAP will help H-pack to
do a real time valuation of their assets without any issues. It also facilitates accurate depreciation run
according to the required methods of H-pack and will ensure the correctness of the financial
statements generated.
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Detailed authorization matrix need to be prepared during project execution phase based on functional
roles and responsibilities.
Table below shows some of the available standard reports for accounts receivable:-
Sl.No. Transaction code Description
12 Interface/Developments
Nil
13 Conversions
Nil
14 Signoff
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