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Patanjal Kumar
M.Tech (IITD), Lean Six Sigma Green Belt 5 articles Follow
Certified
Caustic mercerization
The treatment consists of immersing the yarn or fibre in a solution of sodium hydroxide
(caustic soda) for short periods of time, usually less than four minutes. The material is then
treated with water or acid to neutralize the sodium hydroxide. If the material is held under
tension during this stage, it is kept from shrinking appreciably; if no tension is applied, the
material may shrink by as much as one-fourth. Higher-quality cotton goods are usually
mercerized; cloths so treated take brighter, longer-lasting colours from less dye. The effect
of caustic soda on cotton was discovered in 1844 by John Mercer, an English calico printer,
who received a patent for it in 1850.
Mercerisation alters the chemical structure of the cotton fibre. The structure of the fibre
inter-converts from alpha-cellulose to a thermodynamically more favourable beta-cellulose
polymorph. Mercerising results in the swelling of the cell wall of the cotton fibre. This
causes increase in the surface area and reflectance, and gives the fibre a softer feel. An
optional last step in the process is passing the thread over an open flame; this incinerates
stray fibres, improving the fabric's appearance. This is known as "gassing the thread" due to
the gas burner that is typically used.
Mercerized Cotton Fabrics accept dye so much better than other fabrics. Mercerization gives
much richer and more vibrant colour saturation than with un-mercerized versions of the
same cotton fabric.
1. Mercerization is a treatment for cotton fabric and thread that gives fabric or yarns a
lustrous appearance and strengthens them. The process is applied to cellulosic materials
like cotton.
1. Mercerization is the process of treating cotton by immersing the fabric in a caustic soda
solution (sodium hydroxide) and later neutralising it in acid. This is done to primarily to
increase lustre. Mercerised cottons are therefore stronger, smoother, and shinier and
have better affinity for dyes as opposed to regular cottons.
Objective of mercerization
Improving elasticity.
Physical Changes
Improvement in strength.
Chemical Changes
Structural Changes
Cellulose-I Cellulose-II
Treatment of cotton fibre with liquid ammonia (NH) produces similar affects that of
mercerization.
The liquid ammonia treatment is widely accepted for yarns used in ‘Sewing Threads’
and special fabrics like denims, corduroys, pillow material, linen, jute and blends of
cellulose with PET and/or nylon.
Less pollution.
Higher productivity.
Ammonia recovery problem, leakages will do great harm to the personnel working.
The fibres keep their soft feel as no damage is done by this processing.
Report this
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Patanjal Kumar
M.Tech (IITD), Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Certified
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Importance of sustainable and Recent development in textile Caustic scouring and bioscouring Application of sodium
coordinated green supply chain processing, high performance process for cotton fabric hydrosulphite in Vat dyeing
management for Indian textiles and environmental process of cotton fabric in
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Patanjal Kumar
M.Tech (IITD), Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Follow
Certified
Caustic mercerization
The treatment consists of immersing the yarn or fibre in a solution of sodium hydroxide
(caustic soda) for short periods of time, usually less than four minutes. The material is then
treated with water or acid to neutralize the sodium hydroxide. If the material is held under
tension during this stage, it is kept from shrinking appreciably; if no tension is applied, the
material may shrink by as much as one-fourth. Higher-quality cotton goods are usually
mercerized; cloths so treated take brighter, longer-lasting colours from less dye. The effect
of caustic soda on cotton was discovered in 1844 by John Mercer, an English calico printer,
who received a patent for it in 1850.
Mercerisation alters the chemical structure of the cotton fibre. The structure of the fibre
inter-converts from alpha-cellulose to a thermodynamically more favourable beta-cellulose
polymorph. Mercerising results in the swelling of the cell wall of the cotton fibre. This
causes increase in the surface area and reflectance, and gives the fibre a softer feel. An
optional last step in the process is passing the thread over an open flame; this incinerates
stray fibres, improving the fabric's appearance. This is known as "gassing the thread" due to
the gas burner that is typically used.
Mercerized Cotton Fabrics accept dye so much better than other fabrics. Mercerization gives
much richer and more vibrant colour saturation than with un-mercerized versions of the
same cotton fabric.
1. Mercerization is a treatment for cotton fabric and thread that gives fabric or yarns a
lustrous appearance and strengthens them. The process is applied to cellulosic materials
like cotton.
1. Mercerization is the process of treating cotton by immersing the fabric in a caustic soda
solution (sodium hydroxide) and later neutralising it in acid. This is done to primarily to
increase lustre. Mercerised cottons are therefore stronger, smoother, and shinier and
have better affinity for dyes as opposed to regular cottons.
Objective of mercerization
Improving elasticity.
Physical Changes
Improvement in strength.
Chemical Changes
Structural Changes
Cellulose-I Cellulose-II
Treatment of cotton fibre with liquid ammonia (NH) produces similar affects that of
mercerization.
The liquid ammonia treatment is widely accepted for yarns used in ‘Sewing Threads’
and special fabrics like denims, corduroys, pillow material, linen, jute and blends of
cellulose with PET and/or nylon.
Less pollution.
Higher productivity.
Ammonia recovery problem, leakages will do great harm to the personnel working.
The fibres keep their soft feel as no damage is done by this processing.
Report this
Patanjal Kumar
M.Tech (IITD), Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Certified
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