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INTRODUCTION
Regulated power supply
In general, electronic circuit using transistors require a source of DC
power for example in tube amplifiers, DC voltage is needed for plate,
screen grid and control grid. Similarly the emitter and collector bias in
a transistor must also be direct current. Batteries are rarely used for
this purpose as they are costly. In practice DC power for electronic
circuit is most conveniently obtained from commercial AC lines by
using rectifier-filter system, called a DC power supply. The rectifier-
filter combination constitutes an ordinary DC power supply. The DC
voltage from an ordinary power supply remains constant. So long as
AC mains voltage or load is unaltered. However, in many electronic
applications, it is desired that DC voltage should remain constant
irrespective of change in AC mains or load under such situations,
voltage regulating devices are used with ordinary power supply. This
constitutes regulated DC power supply and keeps the DC voltage at
fairly constant value.
BLOCK DESCRIPTION
Transformer: - The low voltage AC output is suitable for lamps, heaters and
special AC motors. It is not suitable for electronic circuits unless they include a
rectifier and a smoothing capacitor.
created in the soft-iron core of the transformer. The two lines in the
middle of the circuit symbol represent the core.
The ratio of the number of turns on each coil, called the turn’s ratio,
determines the ratio of the voltages. A step-down transformer has a
large number of turns on its primary (input) coil
capacitor