Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Early
Journal
Content
on
JSTOR,
Free
to
Anyone
in
the
World
This
article
is
one
of
nearly
500,000
scholarly
works
digitized
and
made
freely
available
to
everyone
in
the
world
by
JSTOR.
Known
as
the
Early
Journal
Content,
this
set
of
works
include
research
articles,
news,
letters,
and
other
writings
published
in
more
than
200
of
the
oldest
leading
academic
journals.
The
works
date
from
the
mid-‐seventeenth
to
the
early
twentieth
centuries.
We
encourage
people
to
read
and
share
the
Early
Journal
Content
openly
and
to
tell
others
that
this
resource
exists.
People
may
post
this
content
online
or
redistribute
in
any
way
for
non-‐commercial
purposes.
JSTOR
is
a
digital
library
of
academic
journals,
books,
and
primary
source
objects.
JSTOR
helps
people
discover,
use,
and
build
upon
a
wide
range
of
content
through
a
powerful
research
and
teaching
platform,
and
preserves
this
content
for
future
generations.
JSTOR
is
part
of
ITHAKA,
a
not-‐for-‐profit
organization
that
also
includes
Ithaka
S+R
and
Portico.
For
more
information
about
JSTOR,
please
contact
support@jstor.org.
GERMANIC COIN-NAMES
I
The present study deals with coin-nameswhich occur in the
various Germanic languages. Such words as have only a general
meaning, say that of 'money,' and are not used of any definite
coins, are here consideredonly when they help explain some more
definiteterm. A collectionof the generaltermsmightconstitutea
separate chapter.
In tryingto explain the source of the designationgiven a par-
ticular coin we are oftenconfrontedwith the problem: "Does the
name come froma representation upon the coin,or is it fromanother
source?" To answer this question is not always an easy matter.
In many cases only a conjecturemay be arrivedat, and the choice
between two equally good or poor explanationsis not convincing.
However,not all the wordsadmit of such ambiguityor uncertainty;
only those fromgroup XXVI on, with quite a few exceptions,are
derived from objects representedon the coins. Most of these
are fairlysure,and, as a generalthing,the dictionaries,wherethere
is anythinglike probabilityin theirfavor,show a decided tendency
to derive the names fromthis source. This is very oftenan easy
way of 'explaining,' and perhaps too frequentlyresortedto. For
example, the explanationfound in many dictionariesforthe word
'ort' (cf. III, 1) is that the coin was divided into four parts by
a cross, and the idea 'quarter' was derived from this. It may
be true that the coin bore a cross in the way described,but the
same designationmay well have arisenfora coin that did not have
a cross upon it, as the otherexamples in this group seem to show.
And so with othernames.
The list containsverymany borrowedwords,especiallyfromthe
older period. This is clearlya resultof the fact that the coins are
introducedinto a new countryand simply retain the names they
have at home. In thisway a greatdeal ofconfusionhas been brought
about. The people understandthe foreignnames imperfectly and
consequentlyreproducethemverypoorly; or the coin whichis being
583] 151 [MODERN PHILOLOGY, February, 1916
152 H. O. SCHWABE
Swab. viertelguldenOrtsgulden,etc.
MDu. vierincfourthpart of a penny,Westf.varingScheidemuinze
des Mittelalters,Waldeck viringalte Miinze, vier StUck= 1 Pfennig,
MLG. varinkViertelpfennig.
Du. kwartjefive-stiver piece, vijfje,quarter-gulden piece, fourth
part of a gulden,WFris. kwartsjefourth of a gulden, WFlem. kaart,
kaartje quarter; quarter-francpiece, twenty-fivecentimes,Antw.
kwaartjeid.: Fr. quart,MLat. quartum,quarta (pars) fourthpart
of a measure,etc.
Swiss kartkleineMiinze Fr. quartfourthpart, quarter.
MDu. quartierfourthpart of anything; fourthpart of various
coins,ofa gulden,a noble,etc.,MSw. qvarter fourthpart; fourthpart
ofa penny,stiver,skirf,Lothr.kwdrter ViertelPfennig,Col. quddtsche
Viertel-Kronentaler, NE. quartersilver coin equal in value to one
fourthpart of a dollar, or twenty-five cents, dial. quarterfarthing,
fourthpart of a penny; NE. quarter-noble old English coin, equal
in value to the fourthpart ofa noble; quarter-guinea piececoin ofthe
value of a quarter of a guinea, etc.:Fr. quartier,Lat. quartarius
fourthpart.
Swiss katrin italienischeMiinze, quatteringkleine Miinze, It.
quattrinofarthing: quattrofour.
8. Goth. kintusViertelAss, Heller:Lat. quintusthe fifth, MLat.
quintinus,quentinus the fifth. Cf. MLG. quentin,quintinQuentchen,
I Lot, MHG. quintinder vierte(urspriinglich wohlfiinfte)Teil eines
Lotes, Quentchen.
9. MDu. siseine,ciseinecoin:MLat. sezana sexta pars rei cujus-
libet,sexenus,seysenussexta pars fructuum.
10. NE. dimesilvercoin ofthe United States, of the value of ten
cents,beingthe tenthpart of a dollar,ME. dyme,disme,OFr. disme
tithe (tenthpart), Lat. decimatenthpart,decimustenth.
11. Du. centbronze coin of the value of a hundredthpart of
the gulden,WFlem. cents,cens copper coin of two centimes,Antw.
cens,centid., WFris. sint cent,NE. centhundredthpart of a dollar,
esp. in the United States, a coin whose value is the hundredthpart
of a dollar:perhaps a shorteningof centismum(Fr. centime,etc.),
Lat. centisimushundredthpart, centumhundred.
589
158 H. O. SCHWABE
Westf.driittiendreizehn,driittiener Dreizehner,Dreizehnstiiber-
stuick,ftinfSilbergroschen,CronenbergdrytienarFiinfzehnpfennig-
stiUck:drytiendreizehn.
22. NE. fourteen-shilling piece Scottish merk,fourteenfourteen-
shillingpiece:fourteen.
23. Bay. funfzehnerMiinzstfick im Nennwert von fiinfzehn
Kreuzern, Car. fuchzinar,fufzinar Fiinfzehnkreuzerstiick, Swab.
funfzehnerid., Swiss fiifzehenbdtzler Ffinfzehnbatzenstiick, etc.:
fiinfzehn.
24. MHG. sehzehenersechszehnKreuzer geltendesMiinzstiick:
sehzehen.
25. Bay. sibenzehnerMfinzstiickim Nennwert von siebzehn
Kreuzern, Styr. siebzehnerSilbermiinze,siebzehn Kreuzer wert:
siebzehn.
26. Pruss. achtzehnerEinffinftel-Talersttick:achtzehn.
27. MHG. zweinziger, NHG. ZwanzigerMfinze,die aus zwanzig
kleinerenMiinzteilen(Kreuzern) besteht,Lothr. zwanzigerid., Als.
zwanzigerFrankenstick:zweinzec,zwanzig.
Swiss zwdnzig-rapp, -rapplerZwanzigrappenstfick.
Styr.zwanzig-schillingerKippertalerim Wertevon 150 Kreuzern.
E. dial. twenty-pennytwo-francpiece:twenty.
28. Bay. vierundzwanziger Kopfsttick,das vierundzwanzigKreu-
zer gilt,Swab. vierundzwanziger Geldstilckim Werte von vierund-
zwanzig Kreuzern, Styr. vierundzwanziger Name einer Miinze:
vierundzwanzig.
29. Du. achtentwintig silver coin of twenty-eight stiversor one
gold gulden, WFris. achtentweintich silver coin:achtentwintig.
30. Styr.dreissigerSilbermiinzeim Wertevon dreissigKreuzern:
dreissig.
Bay. dreissig-kreuzererMiinze (im Wertevon dreissigKreuzern).
Swiss drissig-bdtzler
Dreissigbatzenstuick.
31. Styr.dreiunddreissiger Silbermfinze (im Wertevon ? Kronen-
taler):NHG. dreiunddreissig.
32. Als. vierziger Zweifranksttick,franz6. Silbermiinze (im
Wertevon vierzigPfennig):vierzig.
33. NE. fifty-cent piece coin of the value of fiftycents, Sw.
femtiabanknoteof fifty, etc.:fifty,femtia.
596
GERMANICCOIN-NAMES 165
VI. COLOR
a) WHITE, BRIGHT, SHINING; LIGHT, BRIGHT
OBJECT:BRIGHT,SILVER COIN
1. OFris. albus Weisspfennig,MHG., Swab., etc., albus Weiss-
pfennig, nummus albus, Cologne albes altdeutsches Geldstiick,
Waldeck albus Scheidemiinze,MDu. alb small coin, 'blank,' MDan.
albumsmall coin,'hvid,' NE. albumin law, white(silver)moneypaid
as rent; MLat. albus (nummus) Weisspfennig,Lat. albus white,
bright.
2. OFris. blikertkleine Miinze:blika blicken,OE. blican schim-
mern,glainzen,ON. blikja gleam, twinkle.
3. MDu. blankesilvercoin, 'alb,' Du. blankcertaincoin, WFris.
blank coin of the value of six doits,MLG. blankeine Miinze, MHG.
metzblanke Silbermiinzevon Metz, Swiss blankeralte fremdeScheide-
miinze, blankenerid., metz-blankener 'blank' der Stadt Metz; OFr.,
Fr. blanc, It. bianco names of coins:MHG. blanc, OHG. blanch
gliinzendweiss,weiss.
4. MHG. blaphartArtGroschen,Bav. plapphart(er),plappertehe-
malige Scheidemiinze,Swiss plapper(t) Name einer alten Scheide-
miinze,je nach Zeit und Ort von verschiedenemWerte,Styr.blaffert
kleine Miinze ohne Bild und Zeichen, Westf. blafferdehemalige
Miinze,MDu. blaffaert, Du. blafferd name ofa coin:MLat. blaffardus,
Fr. blafardbleich,OHG. bleih-varo bleichfarben(Weigand5,II, 436).
5. E. dial. daisies (pl.) silver money:daisy small flowerwith a
yellowdisk,and whiteor rose-coloredrays.
6. Styr. flinserlMetallblattchen,das zum Aufputz verwendet
wird; Flitterchen;Silberguldenstiick: MHG. vlinszitterndesFliessen
Schimmern,vlinsenzittern,schimmern.
7. ON. hvitrpenningr,MSw. hviterpanningerpenny of silver,
silver penny,Dan. hvidepengesilver money,Nor. kvitt,Dan. hvid,
600
GERMANICCOIN-NAMES 169
[Tobecontinued]
608