Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
STUDY MATERIAL
CONTENTS
(SECTION – A) 20
MARKS
READING
1. Unseen passage for comprehension 9+3 = 12 marks
2. Note Making with summarizing 5+3 = 08 marks
(SECTION – B) 35 MARKS
i. Notice/Appeal Writing
ii. Invitations & Replies (Refusal & Acceptance)
4
i. Letter to Editor
ii. Letter of Complaint
iii. Letter making enquiries
iv. Letter placing orders
v. Job application
(SECTION – C) 45 MARKS
TEXT BOOKS/LITERATURE
‘FLAMINGO’ 30 marks
‘VISTAS’ 15 marks
FLAMINGO
VISTAS
READING 20
Q.1 1.1 a) VSA 1M Comprehension
b) SA 2M Comprehension
c) SA 2M Comprehension
1.2 a) VSA b) VSA c) 1M Vocabulary testing,
VSA
1M Vocabulary testing,
Q.2 2.1 Note - Making 5M Study Skills (Comprehending &
Note Making)
2.2 Summary Writing 3M Summarising Skills
WRITING 35
TEXT BOOKS 45
Q.7 a) (1st Option)
a) SA 2M Poetry appreciation
b) VSA 1M Interpretation
c) VSA 1M Interpretation
or or or or
(2nd option) a) SA 2M Poetry appreciation
b) VSA 1M Inteqiretation
c) VSA 1M Interpretation
Q.7 Any three 1) SA 2M Comprehension
2) SA 2M Interpretation
3) SA 2M Understanding
4) SA 2M Interpretation
Q.8 All five a) SA 2M Comprehension
b) SA 2M Comprehension
c) SA 2M Interpretation
d) SA 2M Understanding
e) SA 2M Understanding and
interpretation
Q.9 (1st Option) Long answer 10M Content organization
Fluency, Coherence,
Understanding
ornd or or or
(2 Option) Long answer 10 M Content organization,
fluency, coherence.
understanding
Q.10 (1st Option) Long answer 07M Content organization,
i fluency, coherence,
. . . . . ...;....„ . . ...
understanding
or Or or Or
(2nd Option) Long answer 07M Content organization,
Fluency, coherence.
understanding
Q.ll a) SA 2M Understanding
b) SA 2M Understanding
c) SA 2M Interpretation
d) SA 2M Understanding
COMPREHENSION PASSAGES
SECTION – A (Q. No. 1)
READING SKILLS
Reading is a skill that can be acquired. Anyone can learn to read better
and faster and thereby comprehend in lesser time.
Rather than concentrating on words on the page, look for the main ideas,
follow the main thread of the ideas consciously at a fast pace. Try to
comprehend the overall organisation of the passage in terms of the
development of thought. Don’t get sidetracked by minor details or
examples.
The following points should be kept in mind and carefully noted while
attempting the questions on comprehension:
6. Underline the relevant parts of the passage which can give the
answers.
7. Answer to the point.
8. Use simple and your own language. Do not give your comments.
You are to display your comprehension and not knowledge.
9. If there is no way out, use words from the passage. Wrong words,
if used, will send wrong signals.
10. If you are asked to give a title or heading to the passage, keep in
mind the following clues :
a) title is hidden either in the beginning or in the ending lines
of the passage.
b) first letter of each word in the title should be capital letter.
c) title should give the main idea of the passage.
d) title should be small and brief.
SOLVED EXAMPLES
PASSAGE-1
h) Write three facts from the passage that speak about the
success of business in America
Ans. (i) Utilitarian ideals of education.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
12 Marks
1. As religious people believing in God, we are all aware of the
influence of prayer in our individual lives. It is true our temples,
gurdwaras, churches and mosques reverberate with the prayers of
the devout on festive occasions and even in the course of daily
life. When individuals face dire situations, often they are led into
prayer, their faith thus opens for them a source of comfort and
encouragement in their hour of need.
2. But how does this nation, as a collective entity, exercise its faith
in prayer? It may be recalled that during the freedom struggle and
subsequently after Independence, the Father of the Nation, used to
lead the people in prayer on matters affecting its destiny. The men
of different faiths used to take part in such meetings, which gave
them a sense of purpose and also a sense of solidarity as people
sharing one destiny.
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stand in the way of the nation unitedly facing all its challenges. If
it is true that all religious faiths teach tolerance, humility and the
value of helping neighbours, then the religious leaders of this
nation could also engender unity and oneness of purpose by
coming together periodically to pray for the nation. And when
they focus on the fact that all people, regardless of their
differences, share one common destiny, there could be greater
communal harmony. Such a consciousness ought to pave the way
for peace in society. (M.P. K.
Kutty)
(iii) Give two examples from the recent times when the nation
was led to pray for a cause ? 1 Mark
The Gujarat earthquake/the Orissa cyclone or any other.
Personality? 2
Marks
India ? 3 Marks
(b) Find wards from the passage which mean the same as
the ones given below : 3 Marks
19
PASSAGE-4
wanted to do.
embryos that can be tested for the faulty gene and implanting in
the woman's uterus only those without it. Now couples are using
this technique to avoid passing on genes that imply a significantly
elevated risk of developing certain forms of cancer.
But avoiding this outcome will not be easy, for it will require that
selection for genetic enhancement is either available to no one or
accessible to everyone. The first option would require coercion,
and since countries will not accept that others should gain a
competitive edge, an international agreement to forego the
benefits that genetic enhancement can bring. The second option,
universal access, would require an unprecedented level of social
assistance for the poor, and extraordinarily difficult decisions
about what to subsidise. (Peter Singer, TOD)
(iv) high
22
PASSAGE-5
PASSAGE-6
architects, engineers and artists, all use their brains and memory
centres to maximum effect. In fact anyone who is absorbed in
some sort of work or project, or hobby whereby the mind is
stimulated and used, can keep the memory in good working
condition. Reading and paying attention to what you are reading,
learning poetry by heart and taking a deep interest in the world
around you, stimulates memory. We must also learn to breathe
deeply.
4. If the brain does not receive sufficient oxygen for the process of
cerebration, hallucination and negative psychic reactions occur.
Yoga tells us that for good mental health and emotional stability,
we need to be good, deep breathers.
Without memory we are nothing. Our closest family members are
nothing to us, we are alone, drifting in a world of which we
appear to know nothing. The preservation, dignity, empathy, love
depend almost entirely on the preservation of memory.
(Adapted-Nergis Dalal-HT)
(a) Answer the following questions briefly : 9 Marks
(i) What is the true definition of memory ? How is it different from
the layman's interpretation of memory ? 2 Marks
(ii) What is the importance of memory? How does the absence of it
affect our personalities? 2 Marks
(iii) What kind of memory loss do old people generally suffer from ?
Does this mean they lose memory completely ? 2 Marks
(iv) How can one keep one's memory in good condition? Give at least
two points. 2 Marks
(v) How is the preservation of memory important in our personal
lives? 1 Mark
(b) Find words from the passage which mean the following :
3 Mark
(i) to remove all signs completely
(ii) to make something more active
(iii) to keep something in good condition or in original state
26
PASSAGE-7
1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that
follow: 12 Marks
1. Sarah Riley works in the heart of London. Her working day
is filled with meetings, phone calls, project deadlines and
all the other responsibilities of corporate life. She is good at
her job and his steadily progressed over the last six years to
her current position as marketing consultant for a large
communications and marketing firm.
2. It is a demanding job but well paid and Ms. Riley loves it.
Yet for the past year and a half, she has been leaving her
job every Wednesday evening to drive to the coastal town
of Brighton, where she spends the rest of the week and part
of the weekend working as a junior barber in a city centre
salon. She does not need the extra money nor is she
planning a career change. The fact is that like a small but
growing number of workers, Ms. Riley has simply decided
that two careers are better than one.
3. Dual careerists (also sometimes called sunlighters) are not
contractors who work for several clients or moonlighters
who take on extra-jobs for money. Instead, they are people
who are actively committed to more than one career.
Celebrity hybrids, such as singer/actress/children's author,
Madonna and even actor/champion poker player Ben
Affleck are known for having more than one career on the
go and it is a trend that experts say is gathering force
among office workers.
4. Ms. Riley is now completing her NVQ Level 2 barber
training, "I have always been interested in men's hair-
dressing and I find it quite creative." She says, "I would
often look at someone's hair-style and think. I can do that
and one day I just decided to do it. Initially I enrolled in an
evening course, which gave me a very basic grounding and
a chance to see if I could actually do it. When I realised I
could and that I enjoyed it, I decided to train properly."
5. City and Guild recently conducted a forward-looking
analysis of the trend and concluded that increased life
expectancy and pension under-funding will lead to longer
working lives, while the rise of (particularly on-line)
27
PASSAGE-8
1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that
follow: 12 Marks
1. My father gets a faraway look in his eyes that's
unmistakable. As he looks towards the horizon and his eyes
seek out the bright flashes of snow-capped peaks, we all
know what he's thinking. Mountain tops have always had
that magnetic effect on him.
2. As I grew up I inherited some of my father's restlessness. I
know many people think there must be some compulsion
for the son of Edmund Hillary to climb mountains. They
assume that I need to compete, or measure up as if there
was some strong mark on stone that says, “Thou shall
climb mountains” - and in particular Everest, whether you
like it or not. But for me it's simpler than that. I think
families are like factories : some manufacture lawyers
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(b) Find words from the above passage which mean the
same as each of the following :
3x1=3
(i) to be as good/successful as expected (para 2)
(ii) sitting on high and dangerous position (para 4)
(iii) tight and completely stretched (para 9)
PASSAGE-9
1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that
follow: 12 Marks
1. Millions of men and women, thousands of leaders, a succession of
social, religious and political movement-it is impossible to draw
up a full list of the makers of India even on a limited 1000-year
basis. All that can be attempted here is to present a few
representative names, some of them inspirational still. All of them
remind us of the course we have traversed, and how we have
come to where we are. Let us make a start with the best ever
Indian.
2. Implied in Toynbee's assessment was the deduction that Gandhi
was not just an Indian phenomenon. No doubt India derived
unequalled benefit from his leadership. By fitting the freedom
struggle into the framework of a philosophy of justice and
fairness, he achieved for India a stature that was denied to other
countries, including China, that won independence around the
same time. That the stature was quickly lost by the governments
that came to power on the labours of Gandhi is a different matter.
The decline of India did not amount to any repudiation of Gandhi.
Indeed, it was seen as a consequence of the betrayal of Gandhi by
his supposed followers.
3. The true measure of his impact on history is that it is not
dependent on the successful completion of his mission in India.
The others who soldiered on with him in the epic war of
independence – Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Patel included - will
be remembered for what they did in India and for India; they were
essentially Indian personalities. So, for that matter, was Jinnah
whose life's work boiled down to the creation of a state on what
rapidly proved to be a dubious premise.
4. Gandhi soared above them all because he dealt essentially with
ideas and theories relevant to all mankind. Like Buddhism,
Gandhism lost ground in the land out of which it evolved. But,
32
PASSAGE-10
COMPREHENSION PASSAGES
SECTION – A (Q. No. 2)
Step 1- Read the passage to get a gist of the passage, to know what
it is about, i.e., the theme and subject of the passage.
Step 2- Read carefully, underlining or mentally making a note of
the main ideas it deals with.
36
Main Heading
1. Sub Heading
1.1.........................
1.2……………..
1.3……………….
2. Sub Heading
2.1.........................
2.2……………..
2.3……………….
3. Sub Heading
3.1.........................
3.2……………..
3.3……………….
37
SOLVED EXAMPLES
PASSAGE-1
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
In Democratic countries, any efforts to restrict the freedom of the
Press are rightly condemned. However, this freedom can be easily
abused. Stories about people often attract far more public
attention than political events. Though we may enjoy reading
about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we
would equally enjoy reading about ourselves. Acting on the
contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold
sufferings to individuals by publishing details about their private
lives. Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can
not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people
but can even overthrow a government.
The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune
overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the Press. The
family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 25,000 inhabitants in
South Dakota. As the parents had five children, life was a
perpetual struggle against poverty. They were expecting their
sixth child and were faced with even more pressing economic
problems. If they had only one more child the fact would have
passed unnoticed. They would have continued to struggle against
economic odds and would have lived in obscurity. But they
suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy,
an event which radically changed their lives. The day after the
birth of the five children, an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen
bringing sixty reporters and photographers. The news was of
national importance, for the couple had become the parents of the
only quintuplets in America. The rise to fame was swift.
Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone
in the country. Newspapers and magazines offered the family
huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish their photographs.
Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but from baby
38
Answer
(a) Power of Press in Democracy
1. Chances of Abuse of Freedom of Press
1.1 suffering to indiv.
1.2 disturb pvt. life
1.3 overthrow govts.
2. Story of Aberdeen fam.
2.1 Location : (i) town in S. Dakota
(ii) pop.—25,000
2.2 Details about faim. :
(i) poor/eco. prob.
(ii) 5 children
(iii) gave birth to quintuplets—4 girls & 1
boy—only instance in America.
2.3 Life permanently changed—prob. begin
(i) arrival of 60 reporters & photographers
39
4. Conclusion
4.1 Victims of commercialisation
4.2 all inhabitants affected
4.3 not possible to restrict freedom of press
Abbreviations used
1. govts. -governments 2. eco. - economic
3. appmt. –appointment 4. indiv. - individuals
5. pvt. -private 6. fam. - family
7. inc. -increased 8. mag. - Magazines
(b) Summary
In democracy, freedom of press is very important but it can
be abused. At times not only governments can be affected
but even the lives of ordinary people. One such example is
of an Aberdeen couple in S.' Dakota whose life changed the
day they gave birth to quintuplets, the first of their kind in
America. They became rich and famous, received costly
gifts and lot of publicity all at the cost of their privacy. The
city was renamed as Quint-City, a museum and highway
was built. Ultimately not only the family, but the whole city
also paid a heavy price for commercialisation.
40
PASSAGE-2
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
The work which Gandhiji had taken up was not only the
achievement of political freedom but also the establishment of a
social order based on truth and non-violence unity and peace;
equality and universal brotherhood and maximum freedom for all.
This unfinished part of his experiment was perhaps even more
difficult to achieve than the achievement of political freedom. In
the political struggle, the fight was against a foreign power and all
one could do, was either join it or wish it success and give it their
moral support. In establishing the social order of his pattern there
was a likely possibility of a conflict arising between groups and
classes of our own people. Experience shows that man values his
possessions even more than his life because in the former he sees
the means for perpetuation and survival of his descendants even
after his body is reduced to ashes. A new order cannot be
established without radically changing the mind and attitude of
men towards property and at some stage or the other, the 'haves',
have to yield place to the 'have-nots'. We have seen in our time,
attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of
it after it was achieved. But this was done by and large, through
the use of physical force.
The root cause of class conflict is possessiveness or the
acquisitive instinct. So long as the ideal that is to be achieved is
one of securing maximum material satisfaction possessiveness is
neither suppressed nor eliminated but grows on what it feeds. Nor
does it cease to be such—it is possessiveness, still, whether it is
confined to only a few or is shared by many.
If egalitarianism is to endure, it has to be based not on the
possession of the maximum material goods by a few or by all but
on voluntary, enlightened renunciation of those goods, which
cannot be shared by others or can be enjoyed only at the expense
of others. This calls for substitution of spiritual values for purely
material ones. The paradise of material satisfaction that is
sometimes equated with progress these days neither spells peace
nor progress. Mahatma Gandhi has shown us how the acquisitive
instinct inherent in man could be transmuted by the adoption of
the ideal of trusteeship by those who ‘have' for the benefit of all
those who 'have-not' so that, instead of leading to exploitation and
41
PASSAGE-3
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
For those who failed to keep pace with the advances in
mountaineering equipment in the past two decades, it's a whole
new world of synthetic marvels that may just have taken the sting
off taming Everest.
Take boots. Earlier, climbers used heavy leather shoes with soles
that were hobnailed into the uppers. An hour before the start of
the expedition, they needed to be waxed to make them
waterproof. No wax meant instant frostbite. And if the boots were
left outside the tent, they would be frozen, making it extremely
difficult to slip the feet in. The only solution was to sleep with the
boots inside the sleeping bag.
Today's boots come lined with the magic of plastic. They don't
freeze and are lightweight. The One Sport Everest is extremely
warm, with a lining of Alveolite insulation and another layer of
Alveolite in the built-in over-gaiter. And they weigh less than a
kilo. The sleeping bag is the key to survival in the Death Zone of
43
26,000 ft and above. Earlier, the bags were stuffed with goose
feathers. Today, they sidestep the down-versus-synthetic
conundrum by swinging both ways. While feathers are layered
next to the body for warmth, the synthetic, quick-drying
Primaloft, lies on the outside for its moisture-shedding properties.
The old faithful ice-axe was wooden with a steel head, sturdy, but
heavy and undimensional. Not any more. The latest ice-axes are
made of titanium and are feather-weight. They also have
curvatures and teeth that allow a climber to be suspended, in mid
air with only the ice-axe for support. Similarly, pitons and ice
screws have transformed-all are titanium.
Another area where a revolution has been quietly at work is
oxygen cylinders. If one doesn't believe in Reinhold Messner's
code of bagging the summit by "fair means", take heart. The old
days, when cylinders weighed 10 kg, are over. The state-of-the-art
Russian-built oxygen systems consist of a stiff plastic mask, a
regulator and an orange steel Keviar gas canister. They weigh less
than 3 kg. Not only are they lighter, but they also have more
capacity.
In fact, everything has changed. The tents are lighter, sturdier and
can breathe. The mittens with fleece inners assure frost-free
security. Even the food is precooked and dehydrated. All one
needs to do is add water and heat.
Camp cookers too have become lighter, smaller, and more
efficient. A steel-mesh bull's eye in the middle of the ultra-
efficient LP gas burner keeps the flame roaring when the wind is
doing likewise. But the handiest feature is its integrated starter.
No more the temperamental matches. Just open the valve, flick
the index finger, and.... Houston, we have ignition.
Technology can keep you in a better frame of mind, but as
Captain M.S. Kohli, who led the Indian team in 1965, says, "In
the end, you still need to climb that mountain."
(a) On the basis of your reading of the passage make notes
on it, using at least 4 recognisable abbreviations
wherever necessary. Use a format you consider
appropriate. Supply a suitable title. 5 Marks
(b) Write a summary of the above passage in about 80
words. 3 Marks
44
PASSAGE-4
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
So often these days we hear and speak of the conquest of nature,
'the taming of ‘river', ‘the war against insects' and so on. Often
these phrases are used without consciously attaching any values
to them, but they have underlying them an attitude of hostility
towards Nature and Nature's creatures, a view point which seems
to assume. Nature as an enemy that needs to be vanquished.
Alternatively, Nature seen merely as a 'resource' to be 'exploited' -
take the maximum out of it, regardless of what this does to natural
processes audio other creatures which depend on these processes
It is this attitude which sees fellow humans too as a resource to be
exploited, or other human communities as enemies to be
conquered.
There is a growing back of sensitivity and respect for our fellow
creatures. This attitude is being drilled into a child by social
forces, which can only be countered by environmental education.
Yet, sadly, in most cases this is not done. What is done is talk
about the food web and the energy cycles and ecological balance
and how removal of any elements disrupts the whole system, and
how this can affect human beings too What this approach lacks is
the essential interaction with Nature and with other humans.
Indeed in many environmental activities the opposite takes place.
A classic example of this is making of a herbarium, of even
worse, and insect collection, as common in both formal and non
formal education in India. A child is often encouraged to pluck
leaves and flowers and run after butterflies with a net, and is part
of a large group of children similarly marauding a patch of nature
within it. Such a child is not likely to develop any strong feeling
of respect for nature, or for the individual "specimens" pressed in
the plant file or trapped in ajar. It is even worse when the activity
is also competitive, LC., who collects the maximum. A lot of
knowledge may be gained, but it is gained in a value system
which emphasises exploitation and conquest, ‘not sensitivity and
respect. Learning under a tree, (Santivana) rather than in a
classroom, is indeed the Indian tradition, is far more effective and
long lasting.
The alternative is to take up activities where ecobalances,
ecological diversities animal behaviour, human plurality and other
45
such concepts and systems are introduced with the stress on their
intrinsic worth. Materials, processes, living beings do not exist
only for human use, but more importantly they are worthwhile in
themselves.
A frog is as much in love with its life as the human child is with
its mother : the feelings of the frog must be respected. The final
thrust of environmental education seems to be embodied in the
vital question : 'Am I doing something which disrespects or
violates some other creature's right to live and live freely ? If I
am, what can I do to minimize the damage I am causing ?
Once again, the Indian tradition of ahimsa comes out as infinitely
more relevant then much of what we learn in modern education.
(a) On the basis of your reading of the passage make notes
on it, using at least 4 recognisable abbreviations
wherever necessary. Use a format you consider
appropriate. Supply a suitable title. 5 Marks
(b) Write a summary of the above passage in about 80
words. 3 Marks
PASSAGE-5
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
Self-reliance is a sure key to success and happiness. A self-reliant
person always depends upon his own energy, capacity to work,
prudence and the resources. Therefore, a self-reliant person is
master of himself and the circumstances as he does not depend on
others. Such a person is always calm, sure, confident and self-
possessed. He is firm, prompt in action and even ready to face any
challenge, and fertile of resources. While others who are not
independent, are surely much handicapped. It is really a slavery to
depend on others for help, guidance and aid or resources. And a
slave is always at a great disadvantage. A person is most happy
and satisfied when he relies upon his own strength, power and
resources. He even walks without crutches or outside support.
Self-reliant people have always been found sure, self-assured,
decisive, optimistic, free, independent and bold. They do not
suffer from indecision or delay. They are rich in expediency,
quick in action, and steadfast in decision. Their will-power is very
strong, their resolutions unfailing. They are the makers and
masters of their destiny. They never blame fate, circumstances or
the tools for they make their own tools and use them with greatest
46
PASSAGE-6
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
In ancient India, during the Vedic age, women were given
education in the same way as men. It was during the Muslim
period that women began to be kept in strict puma . Neither were
there proper arrangements, nor did the parents dare send their
daughters out to receive education. During the
freedom struggle, it was realised by our leaders that without
active participation of women in the freedom movement, India
47
PASSAGE-7
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
PASSAGE-8
like medical practice itself, with belief in magic. Only during the last
hundred years or so has the development of scientific technique made it
possible some of the causes of symptoms to be understood, so that more
accurate diagnosis has become possible. The doctor is now able to
follow up the correct diagnosis of many illness- with specific treatment
of their causes. In many illness of which the causes remain unknown, he
is still limited, like the unqualified prescribe, to the treatment of
symptoms. The doctor is trained to decide when to treat symptoms only
and when to attack the cause. This is essential difference between
medical prescribing and self-medication. The advance of technology has
brought about much progress in some fields of medicine, including the
development of scientific drug therapy. In many contries public health
organization is improving and people’s nutritional standard has risen.
Parallel with such, beneficial trends are to which have an adverse effect.
One is the use of high pressure advertising by the pharmaceutical
industry which has tended to influence both patients and doctors and has
let to the over use of drug generally. The other is the emergence of the
sedentary society with its faulty ways of life: Lack of exercise, over-
eating, unsuitable eating, insufficient sleep, excessive smoking and
drinking. People with disorder arising to self-medication and so add the
taking of pharmaceutical of the list. Advertiser go to great length to
catch this market. Clever advertising aim at chronic suffers who will try
anything because doctors have not been able to cure them, can induce
such faith in preparation, particularly if steeply prized, that is will
produce-by suggestion-a very real effect in some people. Advertisement
are also aimed at people suffering from mild complaints such as simple
cough and cold which clear up by themselves within a short time.
These are the main reasons, why laxatives, indigestion remedies, pain
killers, cough mixers, tonics, vitamins and iron tablets, nose drops,.
Ointments, and many other preparations are found in quantity in many
households. It is doubtful whether taking these things ever improves a
person's health, it may even makes it worse. Worse, because the
preparations may contain unsuitable ingredients; worse because the
taker may become dependent on them; worse because they might be
taken in excess; worse because that may cause poisoning and worst of
all because symptoms of some serious underlying cause may be asked
and therefore medical help may not be sought. Self diagnosis is a greater
danger than self medication.
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage, make notes
on it, in points only, using sub-headings. Also write at least 4
51
PASSAGE-9
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
Medical experts have cautioned against extensive use of
aluminum cookware and foils, especially for acidic food
preparations containing tamarind, tomatoes and green leafy
vegetables which could lead to aluminum toxicity and consequent
nerve disorder. The use of aluminum cookware should be limited
and their use for making acidic food preparations should be
avoided as they increase aluminum leaching into food warn
scientists from National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad.
Chronic exposure to high levels of aluminum through food and
water could lead to nerve and brain disorder such as Alzheimer's
and Parkinson's disease, they say. Studies at NIN have shown that
chronic exposure of rats to high aluminum and calcium defiant
diets lead degeneration of nerves and impairment of some brain
functions.
Earlier studies too have linked high aluminum intake with
dementia and bone diseases. Keeping in view evidence of a link
between high aluminum content in drinking water and senile
dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, a reduced intake of aluminum
by kidney patients and elderly persons is advisable.
NIN scientists say in a report that they have also advised regular
monitoring of aluminum in blood for dialysis patients. Patients
with kidney disorders are particularly susceptible to aluminum is
present in water, soil, plants and cooking utensils. It is added to
drinking water as aluminum sulphate at the treatment plants,
while soil contamination with it leads to accumulation in
vegetables.
It is also used in medicine such as antacids, analgesics and anti-
diarrhoeals in food and food activities, foils, wrapping papers and
cookware and in water purification processes. NIN studies
showed especially green leafy vegetables, spices and in the form
of 'Sambhar' contribute significantly to aluminum uptake.
52
PASSAGE-10
Q.1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follow : 8 Marks
We have been talking about the evils of child abuse for the last 10
years in this country. But the number of working children seems
to be increasing. Instead of building up a groundwell of public
opinion against child labour and for compulsory primary
education, we are still talking about child labour as being
necessary for the survival of the family. The debate has not
changed radically in the last 10 years. The result is that children
continue to work in the most hazardous conditions and
compulsory education is still a dream.
The presence of child labour in hazardous industries is a gross
violation of human rights. If children are not dying in explosions,
they are dying a slow but sure death in the glass, brassware, lock,
slate, balloon, brick-kiln and other industries.
53
SECTION – B
1. Notice
2. Designing Posters
3. Advertisement
4. Invitation
There will be a choice students will be asked to do one task out of two.
Notice
Format - 1 Mark
Content - 2 Marks
Expression - 2 Marks
56
Include coherence and relevance of the content with grammatical accuracy and
fluency.
Points to remember
1. The purpose of notice is to inform a large number of people, member of an
organization, participants of some event, children of school or even general
public.
2. It should be attractive
3. It should have a suitable eye-catching heading
4. It should have all information clearly & precisely given
5. The name and designations of the issuing authority should be reflected
6. Use of “I” and “You” should be avoided – use third person
7. The word limit exceeds only up to 25%. However beyond this Note that upto
1 mark may be deducted for exceeding the word limit. If a candidate exceeds
the word limit by one or two words, ½ mark should be deducted. If he/she
exceeds the word limit by three or more words, one mark should be
deducted.
Sample Notice
You are Raj Khosla, secretary of the English Literacy Association of Memorial
School Jaipur, Write out a notice for notice board inviting names of those who
would like to participate in the proposed Inter-House debate, oratorical and
elocution contest.
NOTICE
All students of classes VI – XII are hereby informed that English Literacy
Association of the school is organizing an Inter House Debate and Elocution
Competition on 23rd June in the school hall from 9 am Onwards. All House
prefects are requested to submit 4 names from each house to the undersigned.
Raj Khosla
Secretary
P.S. – Some notices may not adhere to the word limit as their purpose is to give
maximum information to the students.
EXERCISES
1. Write a notice for the school notice board inviting contributions for the
Bomb Blast victims. Sign yourself as Secretary. Students union, DPS Jaipur.
2. In response to an appeal of the Prime Minister of India, you have arranged a
charity show in your school in the cancer patients of the country. Write out a
notice informing students about the school and seeking their cooperation for
the success of the Charity show.
3. The Student Council of your school has decided to organize an excursion to
Goa for the students of classes XI & XII during summer vacation. As
58
president of the council. Write a notice telling the students about this
excursion and inviting their names for joining it.
4. You are Rahul/Reena. As president of two students council of St. Francis Sr.
Secondary school, Surat. You have invites a visiting American Ballet Troupe
to give performance in your school on the occasion of its Golden Jubilee
celebrations. Write a notice informing the students about this event.
5. The Principal of Kendriya Vidyalaya, Jhunhjunu has asked The Head Girl
Shivani to put a notice on the school notice board requesting the students of
the classes VI-IX to maintain silence during The coming exams senior
students.
6. You are the sports captain of your school. Your school is playing against
Birla Public School Pilani is the Zonal Volleyball Finals. Write a notice for
your school notice board inviting your school students to come and watch the
tournament & cheer the team.
7. Mr. Kapil Poonia has lost a handbag is a bus while travelling to school in
from Mumbai Central to V.T. Bus-stop. He puts a notice in the” Lost &
found “column of a newspaper. Draft his notice giving all necessary
information.
8. The American Centre Library has changed its timings and days of opening
from 1st August 2008. The Library in-charge Mr. John puts up the notice
outside the library. Write the notice.
9. Imagine you are the secretary Basant Vihar Housing Society, Laxmi Nagar,
New Delhi. Write an ad for the local newspaper inviting tenders for sports
equipment and games for colony’s children. Mention all necessary details.
10. You are administrative officer of Bansal’s Academy, Kota. You have to draft
an admission notice to be inserted in a youth magazine inviting applications
for admission to various courses offered by the institutes. Write the notice
giving all the necessary information.
POSTERS
INTRODUCTION/FEATURES
Posters
1. Are part of notices and part of advertisements
2. Spread a social message/create awareness among the general public
about some event of common interest
3. Don’t have a fixed style or format
4. Are artistic and eye-catching
5. Don’t follow a strict grammatical pattern like advertisement.
59
(C) EXPRESSION
Sequence of the matter
Appropriate and accurate language
Creativity in terms of content and design.
Q.No-1- Poster brought out by the Delhi Police to step up vigilance against bomb
explosions.
IS
THERE
A
BOMB
Ticking away
NEAR YOU
OBSERVE YOUR SURROUNDING CAREFULLY
REMAIN VIGILANT
DIAL : 100
DELHI POLICE
E-mail : - delpol@del2.vsnl.net.in
NON BIODEGRADABLE
BURNING CAUSES AIR POLLUTION
DUMPING POLYBAGS POLLUTES
ENVIRONMENT
TOXIC CHEMICALS CAUSE LUNG
CANCER
Instead use
PAPER BAGS
JUTE BAGS
CLOTH BAGS
PROTECT ENVIRONMENT
STAY HEALTHY
ISSUED BY
PRESIDENT
ENVIRONMENT CLUB
DELHI
Solved Exercises
61
Q.No.3- You are going to contest the election for the post of the president of the
student’s council of your school. Design a poster for your voters impressing upon
them why they should vote for you. You may use slogans.
VOTE FOR
Mr. X
FOR
STUDENT’S COUNCIL
AND
GUARANTEE
SO
Q.No.4- Design a poster in not more than 50 words about the Need for Regular
Exercise. You may use slogans.
Want to have
A Healthy Life
In Today’s
World of
Pollution
Then
EXERCISE-TODAY
AND
EVERYDAY
Once you decide, it’s not difficult
CHOICE is YOURS
YOU CAN
Some Benefits
AND
63
BE HUMAN BE KIND
BE KIND TO ANIMALS
AS MUCH AS WE DO
A HUMAN AND
NOT A BEAST
*Be vegetarian
Q.No.6- Make a poster advising people to stay away from tobacco, smoking, drugs
and alcohol as they lead to addiction and poor health.
“SAY NO”….
TO ALCOHOL, DRUGS, TOBACCO AND CIGARETTES LET THEM NOT
TAKE YOUR LIFE AWAY THINK OF THE PRICE YOU PAY GIVE YOURSELF
A NEW DAY
IT LEADS TO STOP
*DEATH
COULD
Q.No.8- Make a poster advising people not to pollute the air we breathe.
WAKE TO A SPARKLING
MORNING
WHICH IS FULL OF
CLEANLINESS
1. Times Eye Bank wishes to increase awareness among youth about blindness
and the importance of donating one’s eyes. Draft a suitable poster.
2. Design a poster to launch cleanliness Drive Campaign in the area
surrounding your school.
3. As the manager of “Ample Coaching Centre” run by you, prepare a poster
calling attention of students desirous of attending IIT, CPMT, RPMT, AIIMS
Coaching to join your coaching centre.
4. Conservation of energy.
5. Blood donation Camp.
6. Save water, Every Drop is precious.
7. Eco-friendly Diwali.
8. Collection of funds for slum children.
68
ADVERTISEMENTS
Word limit- 50 words
Marks – 5
INTRODUCTION
To publicize some product or some service available with somebody.
To be published in newspaper, magazines, aired on T.V. or radio.
Displayed on bill boards etc.
Mean for max. Number of people.
Content is brief, words limited and sentences not necessarily grammatically
correct.
Information in digital, abbreviated and short forms is acceptable
No designs or visuals.
They are in square/rectangular format.
TYPES OF ADVERTISEMENT
CLASSIFIED DISPLAY/COMMERCIAL
SAMPLE-(Classified Advertisement)
Begin with wanted or “Required”. Wanted
Post and no. of vacancies.
Name of the company. A smart, confident PA/
Age and sex of the candidate Stenographer for a leading export
Qualifications & experience house graduate, 25-30 Yrs old,
Other details (optional). typing speed 40 WPM, short hand
Pay scale & Perks. 100 WPM, Preference to computer
Mode of applying. expert, salary negotiable, Apply
Contact address and phone no. with complete bio-data up to 15
May 2009 to Secretary, Orient
Export House, T.Nagar New Delhi-
110016
For Practice
1. You are personal Assistant to G.M. ABC Metal Tools Company. Your
General manager has asked you to draft an advertisement for local daily in
the classified column for the post of 2 Electrical Engineers.(in 50 words).
TO LET
2 TO LET
On rent Sanganer JDA, II Floor
Begin with Two B/Rs, Lobby, Balcolony, fully
“Wanted “or Available furnished, well ventilated. Walking
distance from market, Expected
(On rent) (On rent) rent Rs 3000/- (Fixed) company
lease preferred, Contact Mahesh
Sekara 1A/21, Sanganer.
70
Type of accommodation
[I,II,III or ground floor B/Rm, lobby Balcolony etc.]
Brief description (See “property”)
[ fully furnished, well ventilator walking distance from…..]
Rent expected, etc.
[expected rent Rs…… fixed, negotiable, company lease preferred]
Contact address and phone no.
[your add./mob.No./phone no. etc.]
For Practice
1. You want to let out a portion of your house, Draft a suitable advertisement
giving detail to be published in the “TO LET” column of a newspaper giving
your contact no.
2. You are Naresh/Nikita of 212, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur and wish to let out a
portion of your newly built house. Draft an advertisement in not more than
50 words for publication in the “TO LET” column of the Hindu, giving all
necessary details.
* Specify material
* conditions
* Price offered/expected/Negotiable
* Contact add. & Phone no.
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Name of institution/ its past record
Courses offered, duration
Eligibility condition BITS, PILANI announces the
Facilities & fee structure commencement of its courses in
Last date for registration Japanese, French and Urdu, 3 month
Contact address and phone no. duration, Eligibility- Sr. Sec.,
Excellent faculty, computerized
training, incentives for early birds,
send in your application by 28 July
2008 or Contact – Admission
MISSING(PETS)
Controller 596324.
Begin with “MISSING”
Brief physical description
MISSING
[Name, breed, age, colour of skin]
Identifying features 2 Yrs old pet dog Scabies, white
Since when/from where missing colour with black stripes for a
Reward week, hole on left ear, limps neck,
Contact address & phone no. informer suitably rewarded.
Contact- R.K.Gupta, 8/10 Bajaj
PERSON Nagar, Jaipur, Phone no.-259938
MISSING
Begin with “MISSING”
My brother 10, 4’2”, fair
Brief physical description and White complexion,
[Name, age, height complexion and built wearing blue shirt & white
shorts, grey stockings &
black shoes, since 15th
Clothes and other identifying features August 2006, mole on left
check, speaks English
Fluently, robust health, look
handsome. Contact-
9414142614
Specify item
Brief physical description
When/where found or lost
Reward, if any
Contact address and phone no.
1. You are P.C.Jain of Dwarka, New Delhi. You want an English tutor for your
daughter. Write an advertisement to be published in the classified columns of
“The Times of India”.
2. You are R.L.Verma of C-204, Shakti Apartments, Sector no.-5, Dwarka, New
Delhi. Being a retired lecturer of English, you need part time tuitions. Write
73
COMMERCIAL ADVERTISEMENT
Main Characteristic :
Design for commercial purposes
More space, more expensive in terms of the advertising costs.
Visually attractive with catchy slogans, punch lines, witty expressions
and pictures and sketches.
Varying font size or shape.
Language – colourful and lucid.
Proportionate spacing with appealing overall arrangement.
Essential details :
SOLVED EXAMPLE
1. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
WELCOME
TO
ORIENT CLASSES
………Where success is sure
Excellent faculty
Transport facility available
Audio visual aids provided.
Proven track record
75
EXHIBITION/INAUGURATION
DISPLAY PROFILE
15%
Disco
unt
Organizers Sponsored By
International Trade Authority All India Publishing House
77
NISHI
(D/o Mrs. and Mr. Sharad Mehra)
NARENDRA
(S/o Mrs. & Mr. L.K.Kashyap)
At 7:30 p.m.
7120011, 7210012
79
2.
EXAMPLES
Refusal (Formal)
Mrs. and Mr. V.K.Nair thank Mrs. and Mr. Bhartiya for the invitation to the
inauguration of their showroom GALAXY on Sunday 30th June 2008 at 10:00 a.m.
at B-2 Pitampura, Delhi. However, they express their inability to be present on the
occasion due to a prior engagement.
Nairs
ACCEPTANCE (FORMAL)
81
15 Rose Gardens
Bangalore
26th June 2008
Mrs. and Mr. V.K.Nair have a great pleasure in receiving the invitation from Dr.
Kapoor for the workshop on ‘ Child Care’ being held on 30 th June 2008 at his clinic
B-9-UV, Keshav Puram, Delhi from 9:00 a.m. onwards. They confirm their presence
with thanks.
1. You have Abhinav/ Akrite. You have received an invitation card from your
close friend to attend the marriage his sister. But unfortunately, you cannot
attend it due to your precious commitment. Write him expressing your
inability to attend the marriage ceremony.
2. Your friend Mr. A.D.Bhalla has invited you to attend a marriage ceremony of
his daughter Sangeeta on Sunday, the 30th June 2008 at 8:00 P.M. Write a
formal reply accepting the above invitation.
INFORMAL INVITATION
REFUSAL, ACCEPTANCE
82
EXAMPLES
1. Suresh has been selected for Electronic Engineering in IIT, Delhi. He has
decided to have a party for his friends. Write an invitation giving details of
venue, time and date.
Dear Friends
Do join me for an Evening Bash at my residence 26, Rafi Marg, New Delhi
on Sunday, 29th May at 6 P.M. This is to celebrate my selection for Electronic
Engineering in IIT, Delhi. Looking forward to meet you all.
Suresh
2. Mamta grover is holding a get-together and lunch for all Mahila Samiti
members and friends at her residence on 1st November at 12:30 P.M. Draft an
invitation for the purpose.
Friends
I request the pleasure of your company at a get-together and lunch on
Saturday, the 1st November, 2008 at 12:30 P.M. at my residence. All the
Mahila Samiti members will be joining us for an informal chat on Sundry
topics regarding the welfare of colony.
Mamta
83
ACCEPTANCE (INFORMAL)
REFUSAL (INFORMAL)
Dear Bantty
Yours sincerely
84
Manav
EXERCISE
DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
FORMAT - 1 MARKS
CONTENT - 4 MARKS
EXPRESSION - 5 MARKS
FORMAT
Give a title/ heading to the report.
Writer’s name, class & section.
85
CONTENT
[ Political news, sports, accidents, natural disaster, crime etc. are usually
subjects for news reports]
FORMAT
A. Headline.
B. Date & place of occurrence before beginning the report
C. By a correspondent or an agency as its source.
- Format
- Passive voice is preferred.
CONTENT - What, When, Where and how (highlights) and other relevant
information/ details.
Details in brief.
Eye-witness account
Casualties, damages etc.
Action taken – role of police, fire brigades, local people.
Relief measures.
1.
87
It was republic day when people were lost in gaiety and merry-making.
School children had gone to their school to participate in R’Day celebrations.
At about 10. A.m. We felt the earth shaking. The rumbling sound sent a
shiver round on spine. The earth quake lasted for two minutes but in these
two minutes lakhs of people in Bhuj, Surat Ahmedabad and Kutch Lost their
lives. It was of a very severe intensity. It shook almost the entire Northern
India Bhuj, being the epicenter of earthquake, was wiped off completely.
Huge buildings were raged to grounds. There was a heavy loss of life. People
were rendered shelterless in the cold winter. Govt. foreign countries and
social organizations rose to the occasion. They sent money, blankets, food,
clothes and medicines. Teams of doctors from all around and mechanical
paraphernalia to remove the debris reached the spot. But it was not sufficient.
People were in grave misery. They miserable condition was inexplicable.
2.
of Karnal-lake. Reaching there on our bikes, we sat down under the cool shade of
the trees on the bank of the lake. Then we started running after the other. One of us
slipped and fell into the water. He was drowning. I, at once, ramped into the water
swam to the boy and brought him on the bank. His body was swollen with water. He
was unconscious. One of us ran to his parents, informed them and took him to the
hospital. The doctor pressed out the water out of his stomach. He praised us for
bringing the boy to the hospital well in time. A little delay could be fatal. The boy
came to this senses. His parents reached the hospital and thanked me profusely for
saving their child’s life. I felt an inner joy saving a precious life.
3.
Natya Kala Sangam organized a Children’s Theatre workshop from 1st May to 18th
May. The age limit was from 7 yrs. To 17 yrs. There was no training fee and the
registration was open only on one day from 9 am to 11 am. Since there were only
limited seats available, registration was done on first come first served basis. As you
can understand I was one of the.
The children were divided into 2 groups according to their ages. The younger
children were taught the basics of only acting. How to deliver dialogues, where to
pause how to give modulation to one’s voice were some of the things included in it.
Older children were taught many more aspects of drama like creating the script of a
play from a story, innovating dialogues from imagination, basic of direction, stage
management, effective use of props etc. In the last week children were divided into
different groups, each was assigned a separate play which had to be put up. Parents
were invited and results were there for all to use.
4.
Ganganagar, May 19: At least five people died in district Ganganagar on May 19
and many got injured when a fire engulfed five shops in the wholesale grain market
of Ganganagar on Thursday afternoon,
dead. Those injured will also be compensated. An inquiry has been setup to look into
the cause of the explosion in the transformer.
5.
TRAFFIC JAM
For students of D.A.V. Public school, Rohtak boarded a Haryana Roadways bus
(No- HNN 3369) at sample for Rohtak. When the bus reached near the school, the
said students pleaded that they be dropped down there. Instead, the driver
accelerated the speed and reached bus stand.
There was an exchange of hot words between the students and the
roadways staff thereupon, the students rushed to the school and raised a hue and cry
against the excesses done to them by the roadways staff. The students came out of
their classes, collected at national highway and jammed the traffic. They started
raising slogans against the general manager, Haryana Roadways. Some students
even threw stones at the glass panes of the buses. The police rushed to the spot. The
traffic could be resumed only after the S.P. and the Dy. Commissioner gave full
assurance to the students that the strict action would be taken against the errant
driver and the conductor.
Times of India
6.
A one day Career Counselling programme was organized in our school by Careers
India, Jaipur on 23rd May, 2008 at 10:00 P.M. Students of class X, XI and XII some
of them along with their parents attended the programme. Students of Sr. classes
from some other schools also attended the lectures delivered by the experts in the
fields of food technology, fashion technology and media management.
Students of Science Stream took very little interest in food technology and
fashion designing. The students of Humanities stream and commerce stream showed
interest in media management. They were stick to learn of the vistas opened them.
They learnt that they could be journalists, editors and news telecasters. Some of the
parents put questions to know more of avenues opened for their words. It was a very
nice programme. All had a word of praise for it. In the end, the principal thanked the
professionals for sparing their valuable time for the students.
FACTUAL DESCRIPTION
Value points
1. Description of Places
Purpose – Travel, article, geography lesson, letter to a friend.
1.1 Spatial description in all its vividness so that it is easy to visualize as
location, features, special qualities, food, recreational activities, local people,
art and craft monuments of cultural, historical and religious importance of
language etc.
1.2 Language can be rich and figurative with the use of colourful adjectives,
verbs 2 phrases.
1.3 Be selective, don’t give unrelated details in paragraph.
2.
SCHOOL BUILT A NEW COMPUTER ROOM
By Snahil, XII-A
One week ago the school became the proud owner of 20 sophisticated sleek
computers. They are IBM compatible Models complete with Central Processing
92
Unit (CPU), key board, printer, terminal and mouse. They have various
applications running on the system like basic language programming, spread
sheet, word processor, etc. some video games have also been loaded to generate
interest among the students and teach them how to use the various units.
The machines are kept in air conditioned room which has to be kept dust-free.
So shoes are taken out and the main room is separated by a glass screen from the
entrance.
Two computer teachers have been appointed who have already started
teaching us the theoretical portions of the syllabus, mainly the computer
language. The other one is teaching us the keyboard and mouse.
When the school installed the machines many of us had seen the computers from
such close quarters for the first time. It was a thrilling experience.
2. DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTS
Purpose: Advertise a product, user’s manual, stolen goods to a friend
etc.
* Topic sentence
* External features/ look/ Colour/ design/ texture/ material
* Finer internal details- machinery, special benefits etc.
* How it is used.
EXAMPLE
Non stick cookware is made with a patented process by which the high quality
nonstick coating is affixed on to a hard anodized surface, which makes it most
durable. It comes in many useful shapes and sizes to suit your different cooking
needs. All are made from heavy gauge, pure virgin aluminum for fast and even heat
93
conduction. The pans are well balanced with sturdy, stay cool handles. The bottom
and outer sides ae hard anodized to give you a surface that will not tarnish, pit or
corrode and will stay looking new for years.
Aim/purpose
Stepwise details connected with appropriate sentence linkers.
Introduce variety of verbs, both in active and passive voice, to mark different
stages in the process.
Schools have different process: some require the forms to be taken and filled
then and there itself while other give enough time to fill the details and submit
them proof of residence, birth certificate, photos of child are some of the
important documents required.
1). First Person narration: - If the question asks, “Describe how you prepared
a cup of tea,” first person narration will be required, style- casual and
language simple and clear intelligible.
2). As instruction: If the question asks for the description of a recipe or an
experiment, a direct style will be required, e.g. “Measure four cups of water
in a pan---“. The sentence will be relatively short.
3). In passive voice: If the question asks how tea is made, the process is
described in passive voice, e.g. “Four cups of water are measured in a pan--“
1. Your school has celebrated library week. As the Head/Boy Head girl
of your school, write a report on it to be published in your school
news letter.
2. During the kargil conflict the arts club of your colony had organized
various cultured activities to collect funds for the victims’ families.
As the secretary of the club. Write a report for your “Daily
Samachar “ about these activities and how you utilized the funds
collected.
95
3. Your school has added a new spacious and well stocked library to its
possession. Write a brief, factual description of it for the “This year’s
Addition “Column of your school bulletin.
4. Jagat’s father tells him the correct way of preparing for competition.
Write the instructions- and directions for him.
Hints:-
Look out for ads.
Get admission forms, prospectus by post.
Study systematically.
Don’t just read, practice a lot.
Increase speed, concentration, accuracy.
5. Your clubs wants to stage a play during the school annual function.
Your teacher explains the process of staging a play to your class
mates. Write the process on behalf of her.
6. Write a report on “Price Hike of Essential Commodities” in about
125 words. (Factual description)
7. You have attended a meeting where in a number of people spoke
about the “increasing crime rate” in India. You are Pravesh/Parvati,
a reporter from “The Indian Express” Delhi.Write a report to be
published in about 100- 125 words expressing your views and
suggestions.
8. You are Rajan/Leela. As a responsible citizen you have organized a
campaign on “Say no to Polythene Bags” in your locality. Write a
report for publication in your school magazine.
9. Radha’s younger brother is going to take his Board Exam. He wants
to know how examination in written paper is held. Radha decides to
explain the process to him. Write the process description.
10. Write a brief description in about 125 words about your physics
laboratory.
Q.No. - 5.
LETTERS
Word Limit - 150 Words
96
Content - 4 Marks
Expression - 4 Marks
TYPES
1. Personal letter
2. Business letter
3. Official letter
4. Letter to editors
5. Application for jobs.
Personal letters are informal letter written to Friends, Relatives and known persons.
New Delhi-110002
Salutation 3. Sir/Madam
3.
- ------------
- -- - - - - - - - - - -
- ------------
7. Yours faithfully
SIGNATORY
Sd/
(Harish Kumar)
Chief Librarian
98
Enclosures
(if any)
REMEMBER
For salutation
For complimentary
close
For principal/Teachers : Yours obediently
For acquaintances/
stranger : Yours truly
3. Business letters:
Don’t Forget
1. Sender’s address should be on the top left hand corner without any
punctuation marks.
100
MAIN POINT
Solved
The Editor
The Modern Times
New Delhi
Unsolved exercise
102
1. Write a letter to the Editor, The Times of India, Mumbai expressing your
views on how the standard of performance in sports can be improved in
India.
2. Write a letter to the Editor, The Hindustan Times Delhi giving your views
on frequent breakdown of electricity in your locality.
3. You are Ramesh/Reema of 20, Sarvodaya, Lucknow. Write a letter to the
Editor, Nagrik Times to draw the attention of traffic police Department to
the lawlessness among bus drivers and conductors.
LETTER OF COMPLAINT
MAIN POINTS
1. You are Anjan Sen/Anita Sen staying at 11, Subash Park, Allahabad. Last
month you got an inverter installed at your house through ”Small World” of
Lajpat Nagar, Allahabad. Now you find that the inverter is not working and
the local electrician who examined it at your request found some technical
defect. Write a letter to the dealer asking him to replace it immediately under
the terms and conditions of the deal.
Sol.
M, Subhash Park
Allahabad
March 4, 2008
103
The Dealer
M/S Small World
Lajpat Nagar
Allahabad
Sir
The first time the electricity went it took over but the very next day it refused
to function. The electricity who came to repair it cold that the inverter has
some technical defect and must be replaced.
Yours sincerely
Sd—
(ANITA SEN)
1. You are Radha/Anil of 162, Kakataya Nagar, Hyderabad. Last week you
bought an automatic washing machine VIP from “Modern gadgets”
104
Nampalli, Hyderabad. Now you find that the machine is not cleaning well
and making an unbearable noise.
Write a letter to the dealer complaining about the same and requesting him to
change the washing machine at the earliest.
2. Write a letter to the commissioner of police requesting him for a ban on the
misuse of loudspeakers in your locality as it causes nuisance and
disturbance.
1. You are Akshaya/Kajol of 123, Parade Ground Road, Secunderabad. You are
interested in doing short term course in computer programming during your
summer vacation. Write a letter to the Director, Computer World, Powar,
Mumbai, inquiring about the duration of such a course and the terms and
conditions for admission.
The Director
Computer World
Powai(Mumbai).
Sir
With reference to your advertisement in the Times of India offering short term
courses in computer programming I went to know certain details about the
same.
Let me know all these details at the earliest so that I can decide accordingly
Thanking you
Yours sincerely
Sd—
(KAJOL)
1. You are Aman/Aarti of 119, Church Road, Kanpur. You are interested in
doing a short term course in Public Speeking for your personality enrichment
during your summer vacation. Write a letter to the Director, personal centre
Sector 22, Chandigarh, inquiring about the duration of such a course and the
terms and conditions for admission.
2. Your cousin Priyanka is just completing X Standard and had sought your
advice to opt for science orcommerce group. Write a letter giving guidance
to select the group in standard.
MAIN POINTS
The Manager
Hotel Akbar International
Jaipur
2nd March 2008
The Proprietor
107
Dilkhus Nurseries
Jaipur
Sir
We believe that you are a reputed company dealing in many important and
exotic plants and your supply will be timely and of consistently good quality.
The payment shall be made on the last day of every month.
Thanking you
Yours Sincerely
Sd/
(N.Madan)
2. You placed an order with M/s Kanchan Hosiery Words, Railway Road,
Ludhiana for the supply of Sweaters, jerseys and other hosiery goods. The
peak season for the sale of hosiery goods is going to be soon over. But they
have delayed the execution of the order. Write a letter to them cancelling the
order.
108
Sir
We placed an order with you on 30 Jan, 2008 for the supply of sweaters,
jerseys and other hosiery goods. We requested for the urgent supply. But we
regret to inform you that we have not yet received consignment till date. All
our requests and reminders in this connection have gone unheaded. You have
neither sent the goods nor have you accounted for this under delay. In this
way you have put us to a great inconvenience.
As it is peak season for the sale of hosiery goods, our customers are
returning away. This has affected our reputation a let. In these circumstances,
we have arranged for the goods from some other company.
You are therefore, requested to treat our order as cancelled. However, if you
premise to dispatch the goods in time in future, we may resume placing
orders.
Thanking you
Yours faithfully
Sd
(KRISHAN PAL)
PROPRIETOR
109
1. The Principal of Kendriya Vikyalaya No-5 Jaipur asks the Head of the
Music Department Mr. Mohammad Salim to place an order for buying
musical instrument with Jhankar Music Shop, Jaipur. Write the letter.
2. Ramona Jayadev of 6, Napean Road, Mumbai is a busy career women
having very little time for shopping. She orders from the Worlingoons
Home Shopping catalogue offer seeing their ad in the paper. Write the
letter.
MAIN POINTS
Source of information
Request for job
Bio-data
Enclosures
Sol.
Career Point
A-50
Pushp Enclave,
New Delhi.
Sir
This refers to your advertisement published in the “Morning News” dated 13th
February,2003, I wish to submit my application for the post of tutor for primany
classes. I am doing my graduation B.Sc. and have taught primany school children
earlier also. I hope my interest in teaching and previous experience of the same will
hold me in good stead for the job. I would be happy to hear from you. I enclose
herewith my complete bio-data.
Thanking you
your faithfully
Sd
(Sameer Narang)
Bio-Data
7. Qualification:
School level - X-65%, XII- 72%
College level - B.Sc. I year 68%
8. Professional Qualification : Computer knowledge
9. Experience : Taught tution to class IX and V
Children for two yrs.
10. Salary Expected : Rs. 10 / day (approx.)
11. Reference : a. Dr. Anik Sharma(BDK Hospital)
b. Dr. Rajesh Verma(BDK Hospital)
1. Ad.
JFC Finance requires female
receptionist, young, pleasant
personality,Apply withfull
particular to – Manager, S-
308,advertisement
Q.Monika Sah sees the above Dhaka chamber, Kolkata.
in Career Times and decides to apply
for the same. Her address is 6-Ganga Devi Market, Kolkata.
Q.Kavita Nath of 9/8 Downer Street Sees this ad in the paper and decides to apply.
Write the application.
Q.Sameena sees this advertisement published in the “Local News” Aurangabad. She
decides to apply. Her address is 38, Stadium Area, Aurangabad.
Advanced Exercises
ARTICLE WRITING
DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
Format - 1 mark
114
Content - 4 marks
Expression - 5 marks
Value Points
It may express opinion on current affairs, national and international issues, social
matter, student related affairs. It explores and analyses the given subjects and draws
conclusions.
Format:
a. Heading
b. Three or four groups
c. Name of the writer.
Content:
a. Property structured
b. Opening paragraph should be introductory in nature.
c. Second para should contain the main discussion.
d. The last paragraph should include conclusion.
Expression :
115
To enforce strict discipline in school and colleges is a great problem now a days. As
Mohan/Mohini Writes an article for the Hindustan Times Delhi. About the problems
and your views on punishment as a corrective measure.
DISCIPLINE
By Mohan
It must be inculcated early in life. Student’s life is the seed time of life,
hence, the value of discipline in academic life can not be understands. the
value of discipline in the political ,social and a notion of discipline people
can size to the limits of the sky.
By parents and teachers can help the students to maintain the discipline.
Punishment physical and financial cannot be a punitive way to reform the
students.
2. You are very much concerned about the wastage of money and manpower
due to the frequent election in your country. Write an article on the urgent
need to have a suitable Government.
This is a question which every sensible and thinking India is asking these
days who is paying for these repeated Elections? Of course, the people of
media. It’s the taxpaying money which is being spent, rather wasted on
unnecessary election expenditure. It seems bringing governments down and
announcing elections every now and then, has become a favourite pastime of
politicians.
116
Days are given off during election time, all machinery is employed in
conducting election and development of the country comes to a standstill.
Every new government inducts a mammoth ministry, announces several
populist policies at the cost of development and improvement of country’s
economy.
I think the citizens of India are also partly to be blamed. It is they who do not
give a clear mandate to the country. Coalition government only increases the
chances of buying and selling of ministers, encourage corruption and
instability. It is high time our citizens learn to elect honest, deserving
candidates who can give a clean, stable, five year government and take the
country into a new era.
Format:-
a) Heading
b) Three or Four Paragraphs
c) Name, Class and Section of the writer
Content:- organize into introduction, main subject and conclusion as always in
essay like composition. Language & style should match the subject. Style may be
serious or light even humorous if the subject permits.
Ques:- You have organized a “Drug Addiction Rally” in your school in collaboration
with Lions Club. Write an article in about 150-200 word for your school magazine.
DRUG ADDITION
117
By Radha.
Scientific and technological advancement has enabled man to attain many things
which were considered impossible in the past. Man is bringing joys as well as
sorrows for mankind. He invented many drugs which could treat and save us from
many horrible, deadly diseases. But becoming an addict to drugs and narcotics is to
fall into the death trap.
Most of the students start taking drugs as a matter of fashion or out of a craze
for experiment. They want to reach the dreamland of their imagination under the
intoxication of drugs. But once they become addict, they cannot stop their use.
Most of those who start taking drugs are socially maladjusted people. Some
people think that occasional use of drugs will not make them addicts but they end up
as habitual drug takers. Some students who do not come up to the expectations of
their parents, feel small and start taking drugs. Let us take a pledge to delight their
evil of drug addiction with truth and nail.
The sale of drugs in the open market should be banned. The government
should use all the advertising media to educate the people about the harmful offer of
intoxication drugs.
2. You are Malika/Manju of class XII. Write an article in 150-200 words for your
school magazine on “ Aping of western culture by younger generation. “
By Malika/Manju
western culture is reflected in the attitudes of the people especially the younger
generation. The glamour of big cities attracts than to visit beer-clubs, pubs and late
night shows. Very easily in life, they exposed to too much violence and sex through
cinema, television or internet.
India, the birth place of RISHIS, MUNIS, and God has always been a source
of spiritual solace for the world. People from other countries especially from
England, America & Canada came to India to find peace of mind. But our modern
youths are hankering offer the western civilization and fashion like mad people.
They have no regard, no respect for our age long culture, customs and traditions. To
them these things have become old-fashioned and outdated.
Our youths have forgotten the real purpose of life. In their clothes they
cannot be distinguished whether he is a boy or a girl. They have no corner for
sympathy for poor parents and others. But the fault lies not with them but with us.
Our poverty, large scale prevalent corruption, communal tension and religious
fanaticism have led our youths to drift to western cultures.
SPEECH
The “address”, the language and style are determined by the occasion and
audience.
As a concerned resident you are worried about the harmful effects of insanity
conditions in your truth. Write a short speech on the necessity of sanitation to
be given at the morning assembly time in your school.
119
By Kishor Kala.
I wanted like to draw your kind attention to the insanitary conditions that
prevail in our town. We throw our waste and garbage just outside the house. Huge
garbage dumps are formed, outside. These dumps attract mosquitoes, flies, pigs and
stray cows. This is a real ground for transmission of diseases. There are shallow
ponds infested with mosquitoes. This breeding ground of mosquitoes further adds to
the spread of deadly diseases like malaria, meningitis dengue etc. There is no
cleaning operation to remove all this garbage. The authorities seem to be indifferent
and least concerned to the plight of citizens.
The irony is that even the city hospital is not spread. All the waste from the
hospital is thrown just outside the gate which creates awful hygienic condition.
Basic civic amenities are not looked by the municipalities and the basic needs not
fulfilled. Insanitary conditions are appalling and incidents of deaths due to disease
are high. There is no sense of cleanliness among citizen.
There is a need to create awareness about the ill-effects of bad hygiene. The
non-governmental agencies should help to educate the ordinary citizens by arranging
one day programmes. We can also create this awareness by educating the people
living in slums near our schools and helping them to take up preventive measures.
The government should help by making an effort to fulfill the basic needs of food,
clothing and shelter for all citizens.
120
1. You are Vinod/Vimla. You are worried about the hike in the prices of
essential commodities like gas, pulses vegetables etc. Write an article on this
in about 200 words for publication is a local daily, suggesting certain steps to
curb price hike.
2. You are Malik/Manju. You have interviewed many school students and their
parents regarding the hectic schedule of academic coaching that the students
undergo in different coaching centers. You are much concerned about the
neglect of the training is sports & Arts for the students. Write an article to be
published in a magazine on this issue.
3. You are Vaishali/Vinod. This year your school arranged a special cultural
programme on the theme ‘services and sacrifice’ in commemoration of the
International year of volunteers. Write an article about this cultural
programme for year school magazine.
4. You have just come back from a factory which employs children and have
witnessed the awful conditions of their workplace. Write an article
advocating a total ban on child labour which is to be published in the Times
of India.
to the nation but at the international front also. Write an article on “India-her
Glorious Past and Golden Future” in about 200 words.
6. Aruna is the cultural secreting of her school. She has been asked to present a
brief report on the co-curricular activities of the school for the Annual Day.
Write an article for your school magazine in about 200 words.
SECTION-C
LITERATURE/TEXT BOOKS
Q.No-7(a). One out of two extracts based on poetry from the text to text
comprehension and appriciation. 4 Marks
122
Q.No-7(b). Three out of four short questions from the poetry section to test local
and global comprehension of text. 3x2=6 Marks
Content - 1 Mark
Expression - 1 Mark
123
My Mother at Sixty-six
Kamala das
The poet is on her way to the Cochin airport, after having visited
her ancestral house. She is accompanied by her aged mother. She
looked at her mother sitting by her side. The mother, advanced in
age, was dozing and seemed pale like a corpse. She was possessed by
fear and pain, but she managed to divert her mind by looking out of
the window of the vehicle. Outside the window, the trees by the road
side, seemed to be racing in the opposite direction. She also saw
happy children rushing out of their homes. Reaching the airport, the
poet was standing a little distance away from her mother. She looked
at her mother’s face again. She seemed as pale as a late winter
moon. The poet felt an ache, a fear, which, for the first time, she had
felt back in her childhood. She became speechless. She could only
manage to say “see you soon Amma” and she forced herself to smile.
Read the lines given below and answer the questions that follow:
Answers:
1. The poet noticed her mother sitting beside her, dozing open-
mouthed, her face pale like that of a corpse.
2. The pale face of the mother is compared to that of a corpse,
dull and lifeless.
3. The poet is filled with pain, looking at the ashen face of her
mother. To distract her mind from these deadly thoughts, she
looks out at the sprinting trees and the merry children spilling
out of their homes.
4. The figure of speech is simile. The ashen face of the mother is
compared to a corpse.
5. Looking out of the window of the moving car, the poet
experiences a visual illusion. The trees seem to her to be racing
back
………………..smile.”
Answers:
125
1. The face of the poet’s mother looked wan and pale. It looked
dull like a late winter moon.
2. The childhood fear which the poet refers to is the fear of being
distanced from the companionship of the mother.
3. The ‘familiar ache’ is the poet’s childhood fear of being
separated from her mother. This ache now haunts her in
another way. The current fear is that the mother is very old
and that she is inching closer to death.
4. The ‘childhood fear’ threw the poet into disillusion. She tries to
compensate her wan mood by flashing a deliberate smile.
1. What did the poet do to recover from the death thoughts about
her mother?
2. How is death contrasted with life in the poem?
3. What is the ‘childhood fear’ which the poet speaks of?
4. How do you explain the ‘smile’ on the lips of the poet when she
waits at the airport?
Answers:
1. The wan and pale expression on the face of the her mother,
floods her mind with thoughts of her impending death. She
succeeds the necessity of switching her mind, by looking out of
the window of the car. Outside the car, she sees the trees
racing back in a direction opposite to the movement of the car.
2. The poet indirectly introduces symbols to contrast life with
death. The pale and corpse-like appearance of the mother is
analogous with death. On the contrary, life is demonstrated by
the introduction of the racing trees and the merry children
spilling out of their homes.
3. When she was a girl, the poet too had the customary fear of
being separated from her mother through marriage or through
other circumstances. This is a subconscious fear which lurks
within and haunts her without warning.
4. Thoughts of having to bade good bye to her aged mother,
throws the poet into inhibition. She finds it difficult to
accomplish the formalities associated with parting. Instinct
tells her it is probably that last time she sees her mother alive.
126
1. What were the poet’s feelings at the airport? How did she hide
them?
2. The poem talks of a commonplace experience which has deep
significance. Comment.
and expose only a narrow street within their slum, lying beneath a
nondescript sky. The slum lies far away from places of natural
beauty, like rivers and mountains. It is also out of reach for men like
politicians, who propose empty promises. Shakespeare, maps, ships
and sun are only temporary visual means of escape for these
children. They live within holes where the darkness of the night is
replaced by the darkness caused by fog. The children are skinny and
their skin expose their bones. Some of them wear crude, poorly
mended spectacles. They spend their maximum time in an
atmosphere of gloom. Only people like governor, teacher, inspector
or visitor can give them a relief from this ordeal. Without help, the
maps would not seem to them to be windows of opportunity. On the
contrary, they would only be tombs of loss of hope. The poet exhorts
us to break their shackles. He wants us to lead them to green fields,
set their foot on golden sands and open to them the world of books.
He concludes that history belongs to them, who live in the light and
not in darkness.
Read the following lines and answer the questions that follow:
Answers:
1.The faces of the children are dull and emaciated like rootless
weeds.
2. The tall girl has her head drooped down. Probably she is so
malnourished that she can’t hold her head upright. She is also
bowed down by the burden of responsibility.
Answers:
3. The poet is grieved at the gross injustice meted out to the slum
children. He expects the government and the society to give them
their due rights.
1. What are the things that the poet sees in the school
classroom in a slum? Where did they get them from?
2. What is the contrast between the classroom in a slum
and the donations in the room?
3. Briefly describe the plight of the slum children.
2. What does the poet wish for the children of the slum?
The poet wishes that the slum children should be
removed from their world of inhibition and exposed to
fresh lands and better pastures. Social justice should be
meted out to them and education be made universal.
Keeping Quiet
-Pablo neruda
In the opening lines of the poem, the poet exhorts all to keep still, for
a brief while. He asks us to cease all activity, at least for a time
period taken to count one to twelve. For the first time on the face of
the earth, no language should be spoken and even our arms should
not be moved. It would be an enchanting moment, without hurry and
animation, when all of us would experience a strange togetherness.
This static state should have impact around the world. Fishermen in
the deep waters, would not kill whales. The men gathering salt, will
get time to look at their miserable hands. Laborers, who toil in
hazardous industries, will wear clean dress and walk in the shade.
The poet clarifies that this silence should not be confused with
inactivity. He is all for life and not for death. He proposes only to stop
131
Read the following lines and answer the questions that follow:
Answers:
Answers:
Confused
A Thing of Beauty
-John Keats
The poem is a tribute to beauty. The poet says that a thing of beauty
is a source of joy for ever. The grace of beauty increases with the
passage of time. It would never lose its worth. Beauty is like a place
of solace and comfort, providing quiet rest, sweet dreams, health and
relaxation. On every new day, we fabricate fresh flowery links which
bind us to the beautiful earth. This is despite the depression, lack of
noble values, gloom, unhealthy experiences and darkish regimen
which we undergo every day. In the midst of all these negatives,
134
there is always some beautiful thing in our life, which dispels the
darkness in our lives. The poet specifies a few stock objects of
beauty. They are the sun, the moon, a shady area providing
protection from heat to the simple sheep, the daffodils and the green
world they live in, cool streams which give relief from the hot season
and a clearing in the middle of a forest, rich with scented flowers.
Equally beautiful are the lives of great men who have passed away
and stories and legends which we have heard or read. Such things
are an endless source of immortality.
Read the following lines and answer the questions that follow:
2. How does the poet prove that the value of a beautiful thing is
permanent?
Answers:
4. Our lives are rife with pain, worry and suffering. A thing of beauty
comes as a pleasant interlude, refreshing and soothing us. Whenever
we want to be emotionally refreshed, the thing of beauty is ready at
hand.
Answers:
III. Exercise
136
……………….dark spirits.”
A Roadside Stand
-Robert Frost
Road side stands are crude constructions by the road side, selling
petty things to the commuters. The poet speaks of a shed which was
constructed by the road side, as an extension of an old house. It
stood beside a road on which traffic sped at great speed. The seller,
sitting in the road side stand expected some sympathy from the
traffic. He did not beg for a loaf of bread, but for some hard cash,
which could support his poor life. The traffic sped with a single
minded focus on some destination which lay ahead. The traffic never
stopped to express any interest in the items displayed for sale. At
times a vehicle would stop at the road side stand and the prospective
customer would only express disgust at the way the sign boards mar
the beauty of the countryside. The stand offered wild berries and
golden squash for sale. At times the commuters behave in a mean
manner to the sellers. The sellers say that they don’t like to promote
their business at the cost of humiliation. They explain that they have
set up their stand at a convenient distance from the city. They expect
only to get some cash which would expand their lives and enable
them to aspire the phenomenal life depicted in films. A piece of news
claims that these people are expected to be rehabilitated. They are to
be accommodated near to the theatre and the store in the city. The
rehabilitators claim that these poor do not have to think for
themselves any more. The industrial routine will teach them to sleep
all day and destroy their sleep all night. The poet experiences
tremendous pain, looking at the awesome expectation of the sellers.
They sit at their window, looking out with expectant air for some
prospective customers. At times a car would stop only to enquire
what the prices of the things are. Another would stop to turn his car
138
Read the following lines and answer the questions that follow:
Answers:
3. Why won’t the poor people have to think about themselves any
more?
Answers:
1. The greedy good-doers would entice the poor to sell their lands
with empty promises.
2. The greedy good-doers wanted to encroach into the material
and emotional privacy of the poor and settle them in crowded
unhealthy places.
3. The sponsors promise abundantly and vouchsafe to take care
of all their needs. These are mere snares to lure them into
danger.
………………………out of my pain.”
1. How did the poet plan to remove the pain of the village
people?
2. The poem ends on a pessimistic note. Do you agree? If so
why?
1. What did the poor folk offer for sale? Did the city dwellers
stop to buy them?
The poor people offered wild berries and golden squash, but
the city men were not fascinated.
release Aunt Jennifer from her bondage. On the contrary, the tigers
which she created on the panel, will continue to move swiftly-proud
and fearless even after Aunt Jennifer’s death.
Read the lines given below and answer the questions that follow:
Answers:
Answers:
1.Why does Aunt Jennifer find the task of pulling the ivory needle
very hard?
143
1. SIMILE
It is a literary device used to bring out literary effect by comparing
two things using the words ‘as’, ‘like’ or ‘so’.
2. METAPHOR
It is a literary device in which the comparison is implied, and
comparison is made without using words ‘as’ or ‘like’.
3. CONTRAST
It is a literary device used to bring out literary effect by speaking of
the differences between two things.
‘Narrow street’ and ‘lead sky’ are contrasted with ‘rivers, capes and stars of
words’.
4. IMAGERY
It is a mental picture, created by using suitable words.
5. SYMBOLISM
It is a person, object or event representing a more general quality
or situation. It establishes a general association between two things.
6. PERSONIFICATION
It is a literary device, in which an inanimate object is spoken of
as having life.
Example: “And such are daffodils and the green world they live in”.
(A Thing of Beauty)
146
Usually animals or human beings are spoken of as ‘living’. Here the word ‘live’
is associated with daffodils.
7. TRANSFERRED EPITHET
It is a literary device used to highlight a thing, associating the
adjective or adjectival phrase with a part of the thing than the general thing.
Here the adjective ‘selfish’ is meant to refer to the drivers of the ‘car’. However,
instead of drivers, the poet used the adjective in connection with the car.
(A Roadside Stand)
147
FLAMINGO-PROSE
5. The narrator, Franz, was very late for school that morning.
9. The whole school looked strange and solemn, Mr. Hamel wore his
best dress which he donned only on special occasions.
148
13.Franz could not say the rule for participles and stood silent.
however, Mr. Hamel did not scold him.
14.Franz understood the lesson that day and found French very easy
for the first time.
15.Mr. Hamel told all present that French was the most beautiful
language in the world, the clearest and the most logical. He asked
them to guard it among them and never forget it.
17.At the stroke of twelve Mr. Hamel dismissed the school. Before
that he wrote on the black-board "Vive La France1" Long live
France.
Ans. Franz was afraid of being scolded that day because he had not
149
Q 2. What three things in school surprised Franz the most that day?
Ans. Franz was surprised to note that the school was unusually calm
and quiet as Sunday morning. Mr. Hamel wore his beautiful
occasional dress and thirdly the village elders sat quietly like
school children on the back benches that usually remained
empty.
Ans. Usually, when the school began, there would be great hustle and
bustle, opening and closing of desks, lessons repeated loudly in
unison, teacher's ruler rapping on the table. The noise could be
heard even out in the street.
Ans. The people of Alsace would put off learning till tomorrow.
Parents put their children to work on a farm or at mills in order
to have more money. Mr. Hamel got his flowers watered or gave
them a holiday.
Ans. Mr. Hamel called French language as the most beautiful, the
most logical and the clearest language in the world. He said that
150
their language was the key to their prison. Then the people
realised the importance of French language.
Q 2. Why were even the villagers present in the school room on the
last lesson morning?
prisoners in their own land of birth. The story also highlights the
attitudes of the students and teachers to learning and teaching.
The story theme has a universal appeal even though the story is
located in a particular village of Alsace in France which had
passed into Prussian hands. Taking away mother tongue from the
people is the harshest punishment.
(vii) leaning sadly against the wall dismissed the Class with
a gesture.
Q 2. What Order had come from Berlin that day? How did it effect
the life at school?
152
2.LOST SPRING
-Anees Jung
7. Garbage to them is gold- they get their daily bread, and a roof
though broken.
8. Saheb works at a tea stall for Rs. 800/- but not his own master.
Part II - "I want to Drive a Car."
Mukesh wishes to be a motor mechanic.
Boys, girls of all ages along with parents engaged in bangle making.
(v) Gets a job at a tea stall and has a regular income food
no problem..
(vi) But no longer his own master. lost the carefree look.
(vii) Thrown at the nine feet deep end of the pool by big
boy.
4-THE RATTRAP
-Selma Lagerlob
4. One day struck with an idea - The whole world a big rattrap.
8. Next morning, crofter was away, peddler came and stole his
money.
9. Peddler escaped into the forest rattrap, heard sound, followed and
reached Ramsjo iron mill in the darkness of night.
11.The rich owner of the mill on his routine round to the forge,
noticed the ragged man, mistook him to be Niles, his old
acquaintance.
12.In expectation of money, the peddler did not clear his mistaken
identity.
167
14.Could not refuse iron master's daughter, reached the manor house
as the captain Von Stahle on Christmas Eve.
17.Thought of calling the sheriff. Then ordered the peddler to get out
at once.
18.Daughter pleaded to allow the peddler stay and enjoy the festival
time.
19.Christmas eve passed, the peddler ate food and slept the time out.
Ans. He made rattraps of wire and went around selling them. Since the business
was not much profitable, he would beg or steal in order to survive.
Ans. The forest was big and confusing. The paths turned back and forth. He
realised that he had been walking around in the same part of the forest.
2. How did the rattrap seller amuse himself with the thought that the
word is a big rattrap?
Amused by the idea that its riches and joys. shetter and food heat
and clothing acted as bait used in the rattrap.
5-INDIGO
-Louis Fischer
Q.1 Who was Raj kaumar Shukla ? why did he went to meet Gandhi?
Q.4 What made the British realize that the Indians could challenge their
might hitherto unquestioned?
Ans:- During Champaran action Gandhi 's lawyer friends wanted C.F.
Andrews to help them. Gandhi opposed the Idea and motivated them to
rely upon themselves to win their unequal fight instead of showing the
weakness of their heart.
Why did Gandhi chide the lawyers who represented the interests of
sharecroppers of Champaran?
Why did the prominent lawyers who had come primarily to advise
Gandhi change their agenda?
Within a few years the British planters gave up their estates. Thus
indigo sharecropping disappeared.
3. Gemini family of six hundred saw the plays over and over
again.
4. The first-rate sets and costumers used in the plays were highly
appreciated.
5. They were terribly impressed by the manner the plays depicted
the scenes of sunrise to sunset.
6. A change from the usual collection of crowd players.
7. Visit of English poet just the opposite.
8. Poet very English, very serious, unknown to the staff of Gemini
studio.
9. No body understood what the poet said.
10. Audience dazed and silent by the unfamiliar accent.
11. The audience and the poet both parted in utter bafflement.
12. His visit remained an unexplained mystery.
Q 2. Asokamitran retired from Gemini studios, but retained his
taste for literature. How ?
Ans.
1. Asokamitran out of Gemini studio with plenty of free time on
his hands but no money.
2. Literature attracted him most .
3. Hunted for new books on footpath in front of the post office.
4. Found a pile of books for fifty paisa each - ' The God that faild'.
5. He read the essays printed in the book contributed by six
eminent men of letters.
181
7-THE INTERVIEW
-Christopher
Silvester
Q 5. Why did the American publisher think that the novel 'The
Name of the Rose' Won't sell well in America?
183
Ans. The novel 'The Name of the Rose' Dealt with a period of
medieval history. The publisher did not expect very good response in
America because the Americans knew nothing about cathedral. People
were ignorant about the medieval part.
8-GOING PLACES
-A.R.Barton
MAIN POINTS OF THE LESSON :
Q 2. Who was Danny Casey? Why did Sophie talk about him?
Ans. Danny Casey was a young Irish player of the first United
team. She was infatuated by this sportsman and took him to be her lover
and so wanted to date with him.
2. Sophie's father and brother work hard at their jobs, mother busy
with the house hold chores.
3. Geoff is an apprentice mechanic. His jacket is shapeless.
4. Sophie's father lacks sophistication.
5. There is stove in the same room where dirty washing is piled in a
corner.
6. All these indicators confirm their lower middle class family
background.
2. Sophie was a dreamer, an escapist. How?
(VISTAS)
In "The Third Level" Jack Finney describes how he found himself on the third
level at the Grand Central Station. The authorities as well as others swore that
there were only two levels at the Grand Central. But the narrator claimed to
have been on the third level and seeing the old world charms of 1984. His
psychiatrist friend called it "a waking dream wish fulfillment. The third level
was a medium of escape for Charley from the harsh realities of modern life. It
provided him a base where he could interweave fantasy and reality.
Q. 3 'Yes, I've taken the obvious stem. 'Why does Charley term meeting
he psychiatrist as an obvious step’?
The moment Charley talked about his coming across the non-
existent third level, everybody got alarmed and felt that he needed
to see a psychiatrist. Under the circumstances, it was plain and clear
that he should seek an expert's opinion to rule out any psychiatric
problem. Hence he terms it as 'an obvious step.'
Q. 4 Why did the psychiatrist's analysis make Louisa lose her temper
and how did the psychiatrist appease her?
Louisa and Charley were leading a happy married life. So, the wife
couldn't tolerate the psychiatrist's observation about Charley being
an unhappy man. However, her anger subsided when he moved on
to say that he was referring to modern man's unhappiness in
general.
reach the second level from where his train was to leave. He got
lost while ducking into an arched doorway, which led to the subway
and he found himself into a tunnel. The tunnel took him to another
flight of stairs at the end of which he found himself on the third
level at Grand Central Station.
Q. 9 'Now I don't know why this should have happened to me'. Charley
wondered why out of the whole tension-ridden world, he alone took
a flight to the 'third level'. Why do you think, it happened to him?
The level of sensitivity and power of imagination vary from person
to person. Caught in the web of monotony, dull routine and fast life,
Charley finds it difficult to cope with such a life. So on the wings of
imagination; he takes a flight to the non-existent world.
Q. 14 How did Charley confirm the specific date of the era that he had
passed into?
On reaching in third level, Charley was quite puzzled to see a
strange looking platform and an outdated locomotive. Even the
people seemed strange with their old-fashioned hair-styles, clothes
and shoes. To do a reality check, he looked at the newspapers on
sale at a kiosk and fond a copy of newspaper "The World" carrying
a lead story on President Cleveland. Clearly, he had got
'transported' to late 19th century. Later on, he confirmed from the
Public Library files that the newspaper was dated 11th June, 1994.
stamps on the very first day of its sale and paste them on self-
addressed envelopes and post them. These envelopes are called the
first day covers. With just a blank paper enclosed inside, they are
never opened.
Q. 19 How did Charley come to know that Same hand found the third
level?
Charley came across first day cover that he had never seen in his
collection earlier. It had his grandfather's Galesburg address and it
contained a note written by Sam mentioning that he had found the
third level and was in Galesburg since two weeks. This was a solid
proof that Sam had found the third level.
Q. 22 Why does Charley say, 'he (Sam) certainly can't go back to his old
business'?
Charley knew that though it was less profitable, the quiet business
of hay, feed and grain would given Sam a greater sense of
satisfaction. Moreover, being a psychiatrist he had no scope of
reverting to his own profession as in 1894 a psychiatrist would be
absolutely redundant. By 1894 the science of psychiatry was in its
infancy and psychiatrists were relatively unknown.
Q. 23 Do you think that the Third Level was a medium of escape for
Charley? Why?
War, Worry, insecurity and fear keep on gnawing at the modern
man's mind all the time. This helplessness and frustration leaves
man baffled and at a loss to know how to face life. It is then, that he
looks for 'a temporary refuge from reality.' Pursuit of hobbies like
stamp-collecting diverts his attention temporarily and gives him
some comfort.
level, as 'a waking dream wish fulfillment.' Hence, the third level
was undoubtedly, medium of escape for Charley.
Q. 24 Bring out the contrast between the world the Charley lived in and
the one that he strayed into.
Charley lived in a world full of insecurity, fear, war and worry-a
world where the fast pace of life always left man running a race
against time. As a result everybody had in their mind, a desire for
escape. The world that he strayed into, on the other hand, lacked in
sophistication of the modern world but it was free from the
complexities of the modern life Simplicity, Tranquility, peace and
serenity pervaded this world. People lived in big old farm houses
with sprawling lawns. The streets were lined on both sides with
massive trees with their branches forming a canopy. People had
ample leisure time and liked to socialize with each other. There was
no mad rush and the world was not torn with war. In fact, even the
First World War was two decades away. The two worlds of Charley,
thus stood in complete contrast with each other.
197
As soon as the Tiger King was born, astrologers have foretold that one day he
would actually have to die. The chief astrologer predicted that the death of the
Tiger King would come from a tiger. He must be particularly careful with the
hundredth tiger. At the age of twenty the Maharaja started out on a tiger hunt.
His tiger hunt was highly successful and he was able to kill ninety-nine tigers.
There remained just one more tiger to complete his tally of hundred. On the
third birthday of his son, he brought a wooden tiger for his son. While playing
with that tiny little wooden tiger, one of the slivers pierced his right hand.
Infection flared in his hand he died after an unsuccessful operation. In this
way, the hundredth tiger took its final revenge upon the Tiger King.
Q. 25 Who was the Tiger King? Why did he get that name?
His Highness jamedar-General, Khiledar-Major, Sata Vyaghra
Samhari, Maharajadhiraja Visva Bhuvana Samrat, Sir Jilani Jung
Jung Bahadur, M.A.D., A.C.T.C. or C.R.C.K. who is the Maharaja
of Pratibanhapuram was better known as the 'Tiger King' because
he was crazy about killing tigers and had killed one hundred tigers
just to disprove an astrological prediction. Moreover, he was as
ferocious as a tiger.
Q. 26 Why do you think, the author goes into detailed identification of the
Tiger King through a variety of titles?
Does he really mean to honour him?
Kalki, the author of the story, has no intention of praising the king,
Infact, immediately after addressing him with a variety of titles, he
198
Q. 27 Why does the author introduce the supernatural element in the story
and makes a child of ten days to speak?
The author introduces the supernatural element by making child of
ten days to speak to impress upon the reader that the prince is a
prodigious child and has extraordinary power. However, the strange
ending of the story tells us that the divine dictates must prevail.
Q. 28 Why does the ten-day-old prince Jung Jung Bahadur utter the
words "Let tiger beware"
When the astrologers predicted that death would come to the new
born future king of Pratibandapuram through a tiger, the new-born
prince growled, "Let tigers beware!". What he meant to say was
that he would not be afraid of tigers. Instead tigers would be afraid
of him when he grew up for he would wipe them out to disprove
the astrologer's prediction. Indeed when he comes of age he does
wreak havoc on the tiger population of his own kingdom and that of
his father-in-law.
Q. 29 Do you think the author of the story "The Tiger King" has faith in
astrology? Give reasons in support of your answer.
The State astrologer believes that '' the hour of the bull’’. Taurus,
the sign under which the prince is born and Tiger (Leo) are
enimical towards each other. So the prince should beware of tigers.
The king's death through a tiger shows that Kalki believes in
astrology.
Q. 32 Do you agree with the Maharaja's statement, "You may kill even a
cow in self-defence?" Did the king kill tigers purely in self-
defence?
The Maharaja's argument that one may kill even a cow in self-
defence is certainly justified and tenable. But the Maharaja did not
kill tigers in self-defence. He killed them with the express intention
of proving the State astrologer's prediction wrong which is
unreasonable and illogical.
Q. 33 What did the State astrologer say he would do if the hundredth tiger
were also killed?
The state astrologer was so sure of the veracity of his prediction
that he announced that he would cut off his ceremonial tuft, crop
his hair short and become an insurance agent if the king was able to
kill the hundredth tiger, too. The import of his words was that it was
200
Q. 36 Comment briefly on the relations between the king and his subjects
citing instances from the story "The Tiger King."
There was no love lost between the king and his subjects. The king
was eccentric and whimsical and did not care for the welfare of his
subjects. Most of the officers and minion too were not really loyal
to the king and were busy grindling their own axe. That they were
cowards and obeyed him only out of fear can be proved by the
hunters decision to hide the truth about the death of hundredth tiger
and the dewan letting loose an old tiger in the forest for the king to
hunt, lest he (the dewan) lost his job.
201
Q. 37 What did the high-ranking British officer wish to do? Was his wish
fulfilled?
The high ranking British officer wanted to kill a tiger to flaunt his
dare-devilry in front of his compatriots. In reality he was a
cowardly man. When he was denied the permission or hunting he
sent a word to the king that he would be quite happy if he was
allowed to get photographed with the dead body of a tiger killed by
a king. However, his wish remained unfulfilled.
Q. 38 Why did the Maharaja and the dewan of the state decide to send
gifts of expensive diamond rings to the Duraisani? How did the
Maharaja manage to save his throne?
The Maharaja had annoyed the visiting senior British officer over
the issue of tiger-hunting and 'stood in danger of losing his
kingdom itself.' So, the Maharaja and the dewan decided to placate
and pacify the officer through bribe by sending gifts of expensive
diamond rings to the 'Duraisani', the wife of the British officer.
Contrary to the kings' expectation, the lady kept all the rings and
sent him a note of thanks. Thus the Maharaja, though poorer by
three lakh rupees, managed to save his throne.
Within ten years Maharaja's tiger hunting spree had resulted in the
killing of seventy tigers however his tiger killing mission came to a
sudden standstill because the tiger population became extinct in the
forests of Pratibandapuram. Kalki jokingly remarks that the reason
for the disappearance of the tigers was that either they were
practicing birth control of committing hara-kiri or had probably fled
202
Q. 40 When the tiger king broaches the topic of marriage, what does the
dewan mean to convey by saying that the kings' "ancestors were
married to the sword."
Even in the state of mortal fear and bafflement, the dewan does not
fail to pay his compliments to the valour of the king's ancestors,
who were all brave warriors and skilled swordsmen and advises the
king to marry his gun i.e. be as valorous as his ancestors.
Q. 42 Explain : "It seemed easier to find tiger's milk than a live tiger".
Milking a tiger is next to impossible for he beast would kill anyone
who dares to do so before he could reach anywhere near themilk
bag. Thus the expression to milk a tiger is used of a pice of work or
situation that is impossible. Kalki uses a hyperbole to suggest in a
comical way that finding a tiger in Pratibandapuram was more
unlikely than the possibility of milking one.
Q. 43 What were the two restricting outside forces that checked the kings
in those days from doing exactly what they wished ?
203
The two outside restricting forces were the Britishers and the Indian
National Congress. The kings could not afford to annoy the
Britishes for fear of losing kingdom, and in the event of excessive
discontentment among their subjects they could fall a prey to the
Indian National Congress.
Q. 44 Why did Maharaja order the dewan to double the land tax ? How
did the dewan respond to this order ?
The Maharaja called the dewan and ordered him to immediately
double the tax of the villagers who had informed him of a tiger in
the forest because despite his best efforts he was unable to locate
the beast. This infuriated and frustrated the Maharaja.
The dewan was terrified out of his wits and requested the king to
review his orders because the doubling of taxes would result in
widespread is contentment among the people and there was a grave
danger of the State falling a prey to the Indian National Congress.
Q. 45 Why and how did the dewan take the tiger the tiger into the forest ?
The dewan had hidden at his home an old tiger which had been
brought from the People's park in Madras. He feared that if the
Maharaja did not get a tiger to hunt, the result would be
catastrophic and he would lose his job. Therefore he and his aged
wife dragged the tiger to their car, shoved it into the seat and took it
straight to the forest where the Maharaja was hunting.
of the Bull and "death comes" to him "from the tiger". At the later
stage he warned the king against killing the hundredth tiger. Both
the predictions came true.
Q. 47 Why does the king think of giving up tiger hunting after his
hundredth victim?
The capricious and the whimsical king resorted to tiger hunting
with the express intention of proving the State astrologer wrong.
Moreover, he was aware of the dangers involved in tiger hunting,
so he decided to stop tiger hunting after his hundredth victim.
Q. 48 How did the Maharaja feel on killing the hundredth tiger? How did
he decide to celebrate it ?
Why was the Maharaja overcome with elation when he thought he
had killed the hundredth tiger ?
Q. 49 What did the hunter decide to do when they realized that the tiger
was not dead and why ?
or
On finding out that the aged tiger had not die of the Maharaja's
bullet but had only fainted from the loud report of gun, the hunters
decided that the Maharaja should not come to know that he had
missed the mark. They feared that they would lose their jobs if the
205
Maharaja came to know of the fact. So, one of the hunters shod
dead the tiger from a point of black range.
Q. 52 What are you comments about the life led by the minions ? Were
they loyal to their king or they just feigned to be so? Can a parallel
be drawn between them and the state of affairs in the modern
Indian political set up?
or
The ruling Indian class during the British regime was often
ruthless, atrocious, eccentric, whimsical and conceited. They were
idiosyncratic and refused to see reason. The Tiger King in no
exception. The king feels happy when he is informed about the
206
The officers obey the king not because he is the sovereign authority
but because they are cowards and fear they would come to harm if
they disobeyed the king. They fawn before him obsequiously lest
the king dismisses them or have them arrested or killed, should they
earn his wrath and displeasure. For example, the dewan, in order to
save his job, brings an old tiger for the king to hunt and fulfill his
vow. Likewise the hunters choose not to inform him of the survival
of his hundredth victim and instead themselves kill it from a point
blank range fearing the king would be very furious if they broke the
news to him. Even the state astrologer is afraid of predicting the
king's death, till the king himself tells him to 'speak without fear'.
Thus most of the officers including the dewan are mere time servers
and air at grinding their own axe.
The wooden toy tiger the king had got as a birthday present for his
son had been carved by an unskilled carpenter. It had a rough
surface with tiny slivers of wood standing up like quills all over it.
One of those slivers pierced the Maharaja's right hand and although
the king pulled it, his arm got infected. In four days, it developed
into suppurating sore and spread all over the arm. The king died
while being operated upon.
The King's death is ironical but not surprising for the reader who is,
in fact, looking forward to it. Having 'killed' the hundredth tiger the
king is jubilant for he has fulfilled his vow and disproved the
prediction of the royal astrologer. He is now at ease for he think, he
cannot die of a tigers' attack. No wonder, he orders the 'dead' tiger
to be taken in a procession through the town and gets a tomb
erected over it. All this while he does not know that the hundredth
victim was not killed by him but by other hunters. That is indeed
quite ironical. Death is lurking around him and the king is unaware
of it. Again, it is ironical that a king who has killed one hundred
tigers and is bold and fearless dies of a mere 'sliver' on the body of
a wooden tiger. Thus, nemesis overtakes the king ultimately and
ironically death does come to him from a tiger.
208
In the present chapter in "Journey to the End of the Earth" writer Tishani
Doshi is describing the journey to the coldest, driest and windiest continent
Antarctica in the world. According to the author Antarctica is a place that
trapped the world's Antarctica history. Even it provides inspiring educational
opportunities to the students also. It is a place to go to understand the earth's
present, past and future.
Q. 54 How did the author reach Antarctica? What hurdles did she have to
cross?
Ans The author reached Antarctica after travelling over hundred hours.
She had to travel by a car, an aero plane and a ship, 'Akademik
Shokalskiy'. In the process she had to cross nine time zones, six
checkpoints, three bodies of water and at least as many ecospheres.
Q. 60 What makes Tishani Doshi write that she felt as if she was walking
into a giant ping-pong ball?
210
Q. 61 Why does the author feel that the 'prognosis' for the human being is
not healthy?
What is the impact of human civilization on earth?
In what way can the further depletion of ozone layer disrupt the
entire food chain of the South Seas?
Ans Depletion of ozone layer, which protects us from the sun's harmful
rays, will adversely affect the activities of the phytoplanktons.
These single-celled plants nourish and sustain the food chain of
entire Southern Ocean and use the sun's energy to assimilate carbon
and synthesize compounds. Any further depletion in the ozone layer
will hamper their activity, which in turn is going to stand in the way
of the growth of marine animals and birds, and the global carbon
cycle.
Q. 69 Does your study of the article give you a feeling that man is his
own great enemy?
Ans In his 12,000 year long stint on the Earth so far Man has caused
untold harm to th planet, its environment and bio-diversity. His
activities and the so called progress of his civilization has spelt
doom for the flora and fauna so much so that his own existence is
endangered. If the ozone layer is depleting, global warming is
213
4.THE ENEMY
-Pearl.S. Buck
It is the time of the World War II. Japan is at war with America. An American
prisoner of war gets washed away to the doorstep of a Japanese doctor Sadao.
The choice is very hard for Dr Sadao and his wife. Should they hand him over
to the police or save him from dying? Being a doctor, Sadao gives top priority
to save the life of a dying man. Not only does he save him but also helps in
escaping to freedom.
216
Q. 75 Give two reasons why Dr Sadao was not sent abroad with the
Japanese troops?
Dr Sadao was not sent abroad with the Japanese troops firstly
because the General was ailing and might need an operation any
time and secondly because Sadao was perfecting a discovery which
was likely to "render wounds entirely clean". So his presence in
Japan was indispensable.
Q. 76 Sadao "had waited to fall in love with her (Hana), until he was sure
she was Japanese." Why did his do so?
Sadao's father was a downright Japanese traditionalist. If Sadao had
made a wrong choice regarding marriage, his father would never
have given his assent to the marriage and would have never
forgiven Sadao. Sadao loved and respected his father and did not
want to annoy him. So he waited to make sure about Hana's identity
and did not want to marry her in a hurry in America without getting
his father's approval.
Q. 77 Who was the 'misty figure' that had been washed ashore in front of
Dr Sadao's beach house". How did the doctor and his wife establish
his identity?
Ans The 'misty figure' that had been washed ashore in front of Dr
Sadao's house was an American prisoner of war was fatally
wounded. It appeared that he had been badly tortured and shot and
217
his flesh had been scraped by the dangerous spiky rocks near the
shore. Dr Sadao and his wife were able to establish his identity as a
U.S. sailor from the faint lettering on his battered cap that spelled
'U.S. Navy.'
Q. 78 Why did blood start flowing out of the wounded man as soon as
Sadao touched the wound with his fingers?
Ans The blood started flowing freshly from the wound as soon as the
doctor touched it because it was a gun shot wound which had
not been tended for quite sometime and had reopened as the rocks
on the shore had torn it further apart.
Q. 79 How and why did Dr Sadao stop the bleeding of the injured man on
the beach? What dilemma did Dr Sadao and his wife have to face
soon after?
Ans Medical instinct and ethics made Dr Sadao stanch the bleeding of
the American prisoner of war. He immediately packed the wound
with the help of wild sea moss to stop the bleeding momentarily.
Q. 80 What makes Hana comment? "We must think of the children and
your position'?
Ans Hana is a devoted house wife and fears that the presence of the
American prisoner in their house could lead to their arrest as
traitors and bring shame for the family. It could also adversely
affect the children's future and the doctors' career. So she expresses
strong reservation about sheltering the American in their home.
218
Q. 82 Why do you thing Hana believes that the man (the American
P.W.W.) is a 'menace, living or dead'.
Ans By bringing the American prisoner of war in the house, Dr. Sadao
have given shelter to an enemy. Now whether be dies or survives,
they have rendered themselves liable for punishment. If he dies
Sadao will have failed as a doctor and if he survives, the doctor can
be arrested on charges of harbouring an enemy. Thus, Hana rightly
fears that under all circumstance the American is a menace.
Q. 84 How did Hana wash the wounded man? Why did she have to do it
herself?
Ans After laying the wounded man's breast bare by untying the knotted
rugs, Hana soaked the small clean 'towel' with hot water and
washed the wounded man's face and body carefully. She kept on
washing him until his upper body was quite clean.
219
Hana had to do all this herself because Yumi, the children's nurse
had categorically refused to wash a 'dirty white man'.
Q. 85 Why does Dr Sadao mutter the words 'My friend’ while treating the
American prisoner of war?
Ans What is ironical about his words? When one is deeply engrossed in
one's work, one becomes oblivious of the surroundings and often
mutters a few words aloud. It is often something going on in one's
mind. Dr Sadao also mutters the words 'My friends' in a similar
manner to the nearly unconscious American prisoner he is operating
upon. It is Dr Sadao's habit to murmur to his patients. All doctors
are trained to talk to their patients to elicit response from them and
to comfort them.
Q. 86 Give details of the two things that happened on the seventh day
after the wounded American was brought into the house by Sadao.
Ans On the seventh day two important things happened as far as the
Sadaos were concerned. Firstly, all the servants gathered their
belongings and departed in the morning without having discharged
their duties. Secondly, in the afternoon, Hana saw a uniformed
messenger enter the house with the General's message.
Q. 87 Why did messenger come to call Sadao? What did Hana think
about the visit of the messenger?
220
Ans The messenger had called on Dr Sadao to inform him that the old
General was in pain again and needed his care. However, Hana
thought that the servants had betrayed them and the messenger had
come there to arrest them for sheltering as American.
Q. 89 How did the General offer to help Sadao get rid of the American?
Ans The General offered to send his own private assassins to Sadao's
house to help him get rid of the American. He further informed the
doctor that they were capable assassins, and without much aid and
noise would kill the man by causing internal bleeding. They would
also dispose of the body, he assured Sadao.
Q. 91 Why was Sadao not able to talk to the General about the assassins
for quite some time?
221
Ans Dr Sadao was not able to speak to the General about the assassins
as he had been operated upon and the doctor was not sure whether
the patient would survive or not as his gall bladder was much
involved. However, when the General recovered after a week, there
was no need to talk about them as the American prisoner had been
made to escape by him.
Q. 92 Why did Sadao feel that the General was in the palm of his hand?
Ans Dr Sadao felt that the General was in the palm of his hand i.e. he
was under his control because he was indispensable for the
General's well-being and survival. The General did not trust any
other doctor. Thus, Dr Sadao safely confides in the General's well-
being and survival. The General did not trust any other doctor. He
knows that if he is arrested and tried for saving and sheltering an
enemy sailor, the General will in his own interest, see to it that no
harm comes to Dr Sadao. He feels that he is safe in informing the
General of the American prisoner's presence at his home.
Q. 93 Gazing out to the sea from where the young man had come, Sadao
was reminded of some other white men he had known. Who were
they and what did Sadao remember about them?
Ans As Dr Sadao stood gazing at the sea, after the wounded American's
escape he is remembered of a few persons he had met during his
stay in America. He is reminded of the dull professor and his silly
talkative wife where he had met Hana; his anatomy professor who
insisted on 'mercy with the knife' and his fat and slatternly landlady.
Q. 94 If you were Dr Sadao, what would you have done to the American
Sailor?
Ans I would have also done all I could to save the sailor from the jaws
of death. Once he was fully recovered, I would have handed him
222
over to the police to let the law decide his fate. This way I would
have been true to both my profession and my country.
story in which the wizard takes a magic wand and hits Roger Skunk's
mommy.
Q. 96 Father has felt empty after two years of story telling to Jo. What
idea do you form about his skill in the art of story telling ?
It would be wrong to say that Jo's father is a bad story teller. In fact,
with all his histrionics, sound effects and gestures, he is quite
effective in the art. His only problem is that his stories lack variety
and he ends up telling the same old story again and again with
slight variation here and there. He feels empty because he has been
telling stories for over two years now and has quite naturally run
short of ideas.
Q. 97 Do you think the father in the story is, more or less, an alter ego of
the author, as far as the childhood is concerned?
John Updike's childhood was tortured by 'psoriasis' and stammering
and he had to suffer humiliation and ridicule at the hands of his
classmates on account of this. Like him, Jo's father too recalls
certain moments of 'humiliation of his own childhood. ''Thus the
father more or less, was an alter ego of the author.''
Q. 98 What was Roger Skunk's problem? How did he get rid of it?
Roger Skunk was a delightful child. His only problem was that
he smelled awful. As a result nobody liked to befriend him and play
with him. He got rid of his bad smell with the help of wizard who
cast a magic spell to change the smell into that of roses.
Q. 99 Why did the woodland creatures avoid Roger Skunk ? How did
their behaviour affect Roger ?
224
Q5 This was a new phase, just this last month. 'What new phase is
referred to here in the story "Should Wizard Hit
Mommy"?
Q. 101What impression do you form about the little girl Jo when she
protests against her father's mistake of using the name Roger Fish
for Roger Skunk?
Joe, Like all children has a flair for listening to stories in rapt
attention. In fact she creates in her mind a simultaneous visual
image of the story her father is narrating to her. So, she can easily
detect any deviations or an error made by her father and does not
hesitate to check and confront him.
225
Q. 103How did the woodland creatures react to the Skunk's new smell?
What did Skunk feel about the new change ?
The woodland creatures found Roger Skunk's new smell to be ''so
good''. They gladly took him in their fold as a friend and played
with him many games. Naturally, Roger was happy to have been
accepted by others as their friend Moreover, his inferiority complex
had disappeared.
Q. 104After the Skunk started smelling of roses Jo "thought the story was
all over." Why did she think so ?
Viewed from a child's angle, Skunk's smelling of roses is a befitting
ending for the story, because first, Skunk's long standing desire has
been fulfilled and secondly he is able to do what is dearest to his
heart-play with other woodland creatures.
Q. 105Why in you opinion is the smell of roses obnoxious for the Skunk
mother "or
How did Skunk's mother react to his new smell ?
Nature keeps its own balance and has its own way. The Skunk's
smell is obnoxious for other creatures, but certainly not for other
Skunks. Skunks are born with this particular smell and any
deviation is violation of Nature. So the mother Skunk does not like
the rose smell of Roger Skunk.. She believes that what is natural is
not disgraceful.
226
Q. 106The Skunk accepts Mom's order like a tame lamb and follows her
to the wizard without demur, but Jo chooses to differ from her
father with regard to changing the rose smell. How would you
account for this difference in attitude between the two ?
Ans Roger Skunk as a character symbolizes Jack's own personality as a
child. He loved and obeyed his mother very much. She in turn
taught him courage and self-regard in dealing with his hurt and
humiliation on account of his psoriasis and stammering. Thus,
Skunk is as unquestioningly obedient as Jack himself was. Jo on the
other hand is a happy-go-lucky child of four who has no upset and
humiliation to deal with. She is naturally inquisitive and is curious
to know more and more. It is not surprising that she is full of
questions. The attitudes of both Skunk and Jo are shaped by their
life experience.
Q. 107Why did Jo not approve of Skunk's mother scolding him for his
new smell ?
Jo was very happy to hear that Skunk had got rid of his awful smell
and had been accepted by the woodland creatures. She did not like
Skunk's mother scolding him for his new smell because Jo thought
it was a pleasant smell and the one that had won Skunk so many
friends. Skunk's mother, she thought, was wrong in scolding him
for his new smell.
Q. 108What is the under lying idea behind the wizard's taking the beating
and tamely changing the rose smell?
Ans By making the wizard take his beating by Skunk's mother quietly,
Jack and through him the author wishes to bring home the idea that
mothers are always right and that we should accept what is natural.
The wizard also sees the point and tamely changes Skunk's rose
smell into his original Skunk smell.
227
Q. 109Why does mother Skunk hug and pat her son as he prepares to
sleep ?
Ans The obedience shown by Roger Skunk impresses the mother and
she pats and hugs him as he prepares himself for sleep. The idea
behind her action is that obedient children will always be loved and
patted by mothers. The mother's gesture is also an expression of her
satisfaction at her little one getting back his Skunk smell.
Roger Skunk is a very obedient child but he feels very sad and
upset because he smells so awful that nobody wants to befriend him
and play with him. One day he gets a change to get his bad smell
replaced with the smell of roses. He feels excited about the change
for everyone likes his new smell and readily agrees to play with
him. However Roger's mother does not like the change. For her,
Roger was better off with his original smell. So, she makes the
228
But the narrow world view of the little girl, Jo likes to spell out the
slogan of equality for all. She believes in the axiom "Tit for Tat".
She feels that mothers is wrong in getting her son's original smell
back and wants her to be spanked by the wizard for her mistake.
Her father, who has modeled Skunk's story on his own story,
strongly defends the mother Skunk's decision.
Thus, the author through this story raises a moral question of how
much authority parents should exercise in teaching their children
what is wrong, what is right, what they should do and what not.
Since, there is no single correct answer to the question, he leaves it
for the readers to answer it on the basis of their beliefs, cultures and
values.
Thus the story makes it clear that the perspective of a child and that
of an adult is totally different.
6. ON THE FACE OF IT
-Susan Hill
This is a play featuring an old man Mr Lamb and a small boy named Derry.
Derry suffers from a complex. He gets one side of his face burnt and always
remains withdrawn and defiant. He doesn't like to be near people as he can't
stand their uncharitable looks and remarks. Mr Lamb himself has a tin leg but
has a very positive attitude towards life and people. He shows the right way of
judging men, matters and life to young Derry.
people, Mr Lamb will also find his scarry face repulsive. So, he
wants to go back as soon as he has come.
Q. 115Why does Derek feel that Mr Lamb has changed the subject? Do
you agree with Derek ? Give reason in support of you answer.
Derek feels that Mr Lamb has changed the subject because instead
of responding to Derek's conversation about being ugly and
unwanted, Mr Lamb starts talking about apple picking and jelly
making and asks for his help.
Q. 117What does Derek feel Mr Lamb must think of him? How does Mr
Lamb surprise him in this context?
Derek feels that like other people Mr Lamb would also feel scared
by this burnt down face and pity him and out of repulsion would
want him to go away. However, he is in for a surprise when Mr
Lamb welcomes him to his garden and tells him that he is interested
in him.
231
Q. 120Do you think Derek's attitude towards life would have been
different had he been lame instead of having a burnt face?
Derek thinks that Mr Lamb can cover up his handicap by wearing
trousers, so his attitude towards life is different and if he had been
lame he would have led a normal life. But he is certainly wrong,
because his problem is psychological. People would still have made
fun of him and Derek would have remained frustrated because of
his lameness and negative attitude towards life.
Q. 122"It's all relative. Beauty and the beast." what does Mr Lamb mean
by this statement.
Mr Lamb means to say that different people have different view-
points to look at the same thing. Some find a thing beautiful, others
find it ugly. It all depends on one's outlook and attitude. It is,
therefore, important to adopt a positive attitude to everything in life
just like the Princess Beauty who loved the monstrous Beast in the
fairy tale but the beast, although he was a prince, failed to discover
his reality. The point is that you are not what you look like, but
what you are inside.
Q. 124"So you will. But the world won't. The world's got a whole face,
and the world's there to be looked at."
When Derek says that no one will ever love him because his is
going to continue to remain ugly on account of his scarry face, Mr
Lamb tries to comfort him by saying that it does not matter if
Derek's looks won't change for the better as it is quite possible that
people's attitude towards him will change and they may accept and
love him. Moreover it is no use for Derek to go on complaining of
233
Q. 126How have people been sermonizing Derek about his burnt face?
How does Derek feel about this sermonizing?
Since Derek has a particularly low self-regard due to his burnt face,
people have been advising him to brave his handicap and change
his outlook. They have been advising him to take inspiration from
those who are in pain but never cry complain or feel sorry for
themselves. He is also advised look at those people who are more
severely handicapped than he is - the blind, the born deaf, the
mentally retarded and those confined to wheelchairs and think that
he is more fortunate than them. Derek does not like this
sermonizing for he feels that it, or for that matter anything else,
cannot make his face change from an ugly one to a handsome one.
cheer and if we pay heed to the nose alone our life is a bundle of
frustration.
Q. 128Why does Mr Lamb narrate the story of a man who locked himself
in a room because he was afraid ?
Mr Lamb tells the story of a man who had locked himself in a room
because he was terribly afraid of everything in order that Derek
could realize that recoiling into oneself and building a shell around
does not help. What Derek needed to do was to shed his fear,
complex and self-hatred and live life fully.
some interest in life and remarks, "So you're not lost, are you? Not
altogether" ?
Q. 133Why does Derek ask Mr Lamb if he has any friends ? What answer
does Mr Lamb give him ?
Derek has noticed that Mr Lamb lives alone in a big house. He also
knows that the neighbourhood people are not very kind and friendly
to him and the children call him lamey-Lamb. So, out of curiosity
he asks Mr Lamb if the latter had any friends. In reply Mr Lamb
says that he has got lots of friends and that everybody knows him.
People come to him and sit in the garden in summer and in front of
the fire in winter. Kids come to him for toffee, apples and pears.
Q. 134"There are some people I hat." How does Mr Lamb react to this
statement of Derek ?
Mr Lamb believes that hatred is Man's worst enemy. So when he
hears Derek say, 'There are some people I hat, ' Mr Lamb remarks
that hatred would do Derek more harm than any bottle of acid for
acid had burnt only his face but hatred can burn him away inside.
Indirectly he tells Derek that hatred is unnatural and hence injurious
to mankind. The natural instinct is love which is a panacea for all
maladies.
236
Drek is indeed a very sensitive but brave and courageous boy. His
long conversation with Mr Lamb helps him overcome his
inferiority complex and poor self-regard. He no longer hates
himself for his ugly face or others for disliking and avoiding him
for his ugliness. Now he feels what he thinks is important and
wants to explore and experience the world around him.
Q. 139What idea do you form about Derek's mother from your brief
encounter with her in the second part of the play ?
Derek's mother is an unintelligent lady whop has failed to
understand her son's tragedy. Derek clearly speaks a different
language having different nuances but she is not able to
comprehend them and fails to read between the lines. Like other,
she is also repelled by the burnt side of Derek's face and kisses only
the good side. s
In some way or the other this behavior of people like Derek stems
from people's gross in difference to them, their hatred and dislike
for handicaps and deformities and their utter lack of concern and
compassion. The words of sympathy they utter are actually an
expression of their fear of looking at somebody so ugly and
horrible and not out of any genuine concern and empathy.
they need time and space in which they can leave behind their
handicaps and live life as fully as possible. The best others can do
for them is to accept that handicaps and impairment do occur in life
and that they still can lead a highly productive and meaningful life.
People must not make fun of other's handicaps and impairment and
must never make a false display of their sympathy and concern for
those braving any impairment. Instead they should help such people
live as wonderful a life as possible by creating appropriate
opportunities and environment.
Derek's words are significant in that they point out to his terrible
sense of frustration, loneliness and 'isolation' on account of his
severely burnt face. These words also prompt Mr Lamb to spill out
his loneliness, too, towards the end of the first scene. They go a
long way in Mr Lamb's, (and the reader's) understanding of Derek's
240
In 'Evans Tries An O-Level' Colin Dexter describes how Evans proves that all
attempts of the prison officers like Jackson and Stephens and good-for-a-
giggle Governor failed to stop him from escaping. All precautions have been
made to see that O-Level German examination in prison arranged for Evans
doesn't provide him with a means of escape. But in spite of all this, it is Evans
who has the last laugh. 2
Q. 145How do you account for the fact that Evans selected German only
for his O-level examination.
Ans One can find two obvious reasons for this choice. First of all he was
the only candidate offering this subject and secondly he had an
excellent rapport with the German tutor who would eventually be
instrumental in his escape. So he rightly opts for German.
Q. 147 Why was Evans known as 'Evans the Break' by the prison officer ?
Ans The prison officers call Evans, "Evans the Break' because he is a
habitual jail breaker and before coming to Oxford Prison he has
broken jail thrice. However, the expression also serves the dramatic
purpose of giving a hint to the reader about the shape of things to
come.
Q. 148 Why do you think Evans does not become conversant with
German in spite of having been taught for more than six months?
Ans Evans does not seem to have learnt much about German as the
teacher has to explain the meaning of simple German expression
like "Guten Gluck" (Good Luck)s. This is because the teacher was
242
Q. 149Who were the two visitors Evans received in the morning of the
day of his examination?
Ans The two visitors Evans had at 8.30 a.m. on the day of the
examination were the two prison officers namely Mr. Jackson, the
senior prison officer of the Prison's D Wing and a burly, surly-
looking man called Stephens, who had been only recently recruited.
Q. 150Knowing fully well how sharp Evans is, shouldn't Jackson have
told him to remove his 'bobble hat' in his presence?
Ans Jackson is credulous and gullible and believes Evans when he tells
him that the 'Bobble hat' is a sort of a 'lucky charm' for him and
may stand him in good stead during the examination. So he does
not order Evans to remove it and thus commits a blunder, which
costs him dearly later on.
Q. 153 Why do you think Jackson tells Evans, 'Nobody in his senses
would take any chance with you '?
Ans Brushing aside Evans's protest against bugging his cell, Jackson
tells him that chances could not be taken with him as he had already
broken the prison thrice and such a prisoner can never be depended
upon.
Q. 154Escape from the recreational Block would have been much easier.
Why did Evans not try to escape from there?
Ans Success of master-planning lies in surprise and doing the off-beat.
When the prisoners are in the Recreation Room, all prison
authorities must be extra alert. Evans wants to give an unexpected
jolt to make his plan a success, so he does not try to escape from
the Recreational Block.
Q. 157The Governor granted Evans' request to shift Stephens from the cell
during the examination and it proved to be a big blunder. Do you
agree? Support your answer?
244
Examinations Board who wanted to tell Evans that after his escape
from the prison he should go to Hotel Golden Lion. The
information was meant for McLeery also.
Q. 160Why did Evans drape a blanket round his shoulders? What did
Stephens think about it?
Ans In between intervals of Stephens' peeping into the cell, Evans was
changing into the parson's dress to look like McLeery. However, the
245
top collar and the black front of the dress kept slipping off the stud.
So, in order to conceal his efforts to keep them in place, Evans
draped a blanket round his shoulder. Stephens was misled into
believing that Evans was feeling cold.
Q. 162After having seen McLeery off, why did Stephens choose to have
one last look at Evans? What did he see in the Cell?
Ans Very conscientious and obsessive about his duties, Stephens
decided to have one last look at Evans before going for a cup of
coffee. A rude shock awaited him as he opened the peephole. He
saw a man with short hair presumably McLeery in a poor of blood
sprawling back in Evans's chair.
Q. 163What did Evans (disguised as McLeery) tell the Governor when the
latter offered to take him to the hospital? Why was the question
paper shown to the Governor?
Ans McLeery clamoured (demanded loudly) to be taken in the police
van to follow Evans as he knew where he had gone. He insisted that
he did not need to be hospitalized as he was all right. He showed
the question paper to the Governor to impress upon him that Evans
had befooled everybody.
246
Q. 166Out of sheer frustration the Governor tells the police officer to take
the wounded man with him because, he's the only one 'who seems
to know what's happening.' Don't you think by doing so he is
behaving like a moron himself ?s
Ans The wounded man, Evans, is right before him. Agreed he is
disguised as McLeery, but the Governor who has spend a number
of years in this line should have learnt to examine criminals
minutely rather than getting flustered. Thus he plays the greater
moron than his subordinates by letting Evans escape.
Q. 167Who is Carter? What does the Governor want him to do and why?
Ans Carter is the detective Superintendent whom the Governor has
summoned after the supposed escape of Evans. Governor wants
247
him to accompany the injured man as he is the only one who seems
to know what's happening and may be in a position to help in
locating the escapee.
Q. 171 In spite of strict vigilance, how did Evans' friend manage to give
the material for disguise in the cell?
248
Q. 172 How did the Governor mange to reach Evans in the hotel?
Ans The Governor finally realized that it was Evans who had gone out
with Carter and that he was impersonating McLeery. He thought
about the six digit reference (index number and center no.
313/271), put the two together and with the help of 'Ordnance
Survey Map for Oxford shire' reached the hotel.
Q. 173When Evans enters the hotel room after having had a stroll, he finds
the Governor sitting comfortably in the room. On seeing him he
feels he 'has just caught a glimpse of the Gorgon." Is his surprise
genuine or feigned? Give reason in support of your answer?
Ans The surprise is feigned because Evans himself had left the question
paper and the correction slip in the cell that led the Governor to the
hotel; as a matter of fact Evans was expecting him in the hotel.
However, he pretended to be caught unaware to befool the gullible
good-for-a-giggle Governor still further.
Q. 174Who do you think is the drive of the van who eventually takes
Evans to freedom?
Ans The driver of the prison van who finally throws dust into the eyes
of the Governor and leads Evans to freedom is McLeery because
whenever he utters a word; the writer does not fail to add that he
spoke in a 'broad Scots accent." The driver too has a 'broad Scots
249
accent.' Hence there is hardly any doubt about McLeery being the
driver.
8. MEMORIES OF CHILDHOOD
-ZITKALA-SA AND BAMA.
“The Cutting of My Long Hair” is the first part in which Gertrude Simmons
Bonin describes her heart-sending and woeful tali of cutting her long and
beautiful hair. She is dragged meralissly though the goes on crying making
forceful requests not to adopt such harsh attitude. According to the Indian
tradition the cutting of hair is worn either by the mourners or cowards. In
those days there was a reverse hatred and prejudice towards the Native
American cuture and women. Zitkala-sa wrote articles criticizing the unsocial
dogmas, prejudices and discrimination prevalent in the society.
In “We Too Are Human Beings” Bama is the pen name of Tamil Dalit women
from a Roman Catholic family. She has published three main works on
autobiography “Karukku”(1992), a novel “Sangati”(1994) and a collection of
short stories “Kisumbukkaaron (1996). This is the excerpt taken from
“Karukku” that mean palmyra Leaves which are like double edged sords. By
a feticitous pum, “The Tamil word Karukku” containing the word “Karu,”
embryo, or seed also means freshness and newness. She also suffers from
inequality and caste discrimination.
MAIN POINTS
Ans. Annan advised Bama to Study hard and learn all she could
since aducation was the only thing to do away with all
inequalities. She did the same and attained repute.
254
Ans. Bama was restless and upset to see harsh treatment for
dalits. It was disgusting to consider some human beings as
untouchables. She hated the discrimination.
Ans. The narrator recalls her childhood days. She saw, felt and
experienced humility of being untouchable. The event of an elder
from her community who bends low before a landlord upset her.
She felt sad, disgusted and angry. She wanders why the elders of
her community should serve the upper caste landlords.
2. What did Zitkala-Sa do when she came to know that they were
going to shingle her hair out? How was she overpowered?
lost her spirit and stopped struggling. But none came to console
her.
3. What are the indignities she had been subjected to after being
taken away from her mother?
(Unsolved)
English Core
Code No. : 301
Class XII
Sample Question Paper- I
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
(i) The paper is divided into three Sections-A, B and C. All the
sections are compulsory,
(iii) Do not exceed the prescribed word limit while answering the
questions.
(iv) Please write down the serial number of the question in the
answer sheet before attempting it.
1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that
follow:
12
1. The youth is a dynamo, an ocean, an inexhaustible reservoir of
energy. But this energy cannot be held in prison. Its basic
258
(iii) Give the merits and defects of the pro establishment youth.
2
(v) What is modern man doing? How does the sensitive youth react
to it?
( i) rebellious (Para 3)
1
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains,
legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbages, green
leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
Since dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of
release of ingested food in colon, the diet having less fibres is
associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a
role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and
readily eliminated. Therefore, high fibres intake prevents or
relieves constipation.
264
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon
and by decreasing the transit time, there is less time for exposure
of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is less
time for bacteria to produce harmful substances. Pectin, mucilages
and gums retard gastic empting. Therefore, there is a less desire to
eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the
requirement range. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on
obesity. Another reason, in helping to decrease obesity is that the
high-fibre diets have somewhat lower co-efficients of digestibility.
Thus, the net energy released to the body is a little less than that
from other diets containing high proportions of animal foods.
2.1 On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes
on it using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable
265
2.2 Write a summary of the above passage in about 100 words. Also
give a suitable title to it. 3
4. You are Mani Aiyyar of 19, Red Cross Road, Trichy. You have just
seen an autorickshaw full of school children overturn as it is hit by a
speeding truck. Write a report for a local newspaper including details of
number of people injured and the extent of damage caused. (Word limit:
100-125 words) 10
266
OR
You are Sunil Joshi, Head boy, City School Bangalore. The new wing
of your school has just been converted into a study centre, comprising a
spacious library and well furnished reading rooms. New books have
also been added. The Editor of your school magazine has asked you to
write a factual description of the library including details like its
seating capacity, facilities and the kind of books available. (Word limit
100-125 words)
OR
You are really concerned about the ways in which the advertisements
in the media are targeting children for their own ends. As Sudhanshu,
of 123 Diplomatic Enclave, New Delhi, write to the Editor of The
Hindustan Times protesting strongly against this hardcore marketing.
OR
During this morning stroll his hears anxious parents deliberating about
the problems of their wards who are to take the public exam shortly. At
school canteen, he finds the ' harassed teenagers complaining of their
parents' phobia for better marks in examination. He ponders on the
question for whom are examination so trying—parents or students?
Write Mohit's article on the Burden of examinations on parents and
children for the school magazine 'Dawn' in not more than 200 words.
SECTION-C (TEXTBOOKS) 45
MARKS
7 (a). And such too is the grandeur of the dooms We have imagined for
the mighty dead; All lovely tales that we have heard or read; An
endless fountain of immortal drink, Pouring unto us from the heaven's
brink
Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet of these lines.
1
(c) What is lovelier than "all lovely tales that we have heard or read"?
1
(d} What is the source of the 'endless fountain of immortal drink'?
1
OR
On sour cream walls, donations. Shakespeare's head,
268
QUESTIONS
(a) What is the colour of the classroom walls? What does this colour
suggest? 1
(c) Which two worlds does the poet hint at? How is the contrast between
the two worlds presented? ?
2x3 =
6
(c) How will cunning and greedy people soothe the rustics out of their
wits?
(d) What do you learn about Aunt Jennifer's tigers on reading the
poem?
269
(a) How would you regard Mukesh's father's life and achievement?
(b) How far had Franz progressed in French? What factors were
responsible for this?
(c) How did Douglas initially feel when he went to the Y.M.C.A. pool?
What made him feel comfortable?
(d) How did the Indian peasants react to the new agreement releasing
them from sharecropping arrangement?
(e) What explanation does the author offer for Subbu having enemies?
9. Give an account of the peddler's meeting with the old crofter. How
does the peddler conduct himself? .What light does this episode throw
on human nature?
10
OR
How does Umberto Eco pursue his philosophical and academic
interests? How does he make use of 'interstices' ? What are the
distinguishing features of his non-fictional style?
10
10. How can you say that Dr Sadao's father was a Japanese to the core?
7
OR
What problem did Roger Skunk have? How was it solved?
270
(a) What did the note inside the first-day cover reveal?
(b) How did the Dewan react to the Maharaja's declaration: "I have,
decided to get married"?
(c) Why does the author call her two-week stay in Antarctica ca chilling
prospect'?
English Core
Code No. : 301
Class XII
Sample Question Paper- I
Marking Scheme
ANSWERS
1.1
(iii) They are intelligent, skilful and hardworking but they lack
insight and foresight. Being self-indulgent they do not follow any
moral code of conduct. They are confined to present joys and do not
think deeper.
2.1 Notes
( b ) removes constij>ation
3. Characteristics
(c) solubility
4. Sources
5. Properties
6. Action Mechanism
7. Adverse Effects
intestines. Since they hold water, they get swollen and act like
sponge. Some fibres undergo fermentation in colon. They bind bile
salts and prevent its reabsorption. They also decrease cholestoral
level and glucose level in blood. Since they prevent absorption of
metals and minerals increased dietary fibres may result in nutritional
deficiency.
275
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT
DOGS & KENNELS
Adult Pekinese and Dachshund, Scotch Terrier Pups, nine in all,
three each of a breed are available for sale. Age of pups - 3 to 6
months; adult dogs 1V£ to 2 years - fully trained and inoculated, both
male and female, imported blood line. Only genuine dog lovers need
Contact: Sumit Bandopadhayay, 38, Salt Lake, Kolkata.
Second Option
NOTICE
GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY FOR
Book-lovers
Time : 2 pm to 9 pm
Latest publications and rare books will be on display. All students are
requested to attend.
Chetan Swaroop
9 Nov. 2006
Librarian
276
—Mani Aiyyar
Trichy, 7 March
In yet another hit and run accident, a speeding truck struck against
an autorickshaw full of school children. The head of driver of the
auto bumped into the wind screen. As he lost control, the vehicle
overturned and the road was littered with bags, books, waterbottles
etc. A number of children were thrown off and two hit the railing on
the pavement. People rushed to save them. Fortunately they had
received only minor injuries. The truck driver utilised the
opportunity and sped away.
—Second Option
The school has added another feather to its cap by converting the new
wing to a Study Centre comprising a spacious hall for library with 90
stacks of open shelves and about 60,000 books. The three reading rooms
are well furnished with moulded chairs, gloss-top tables and velvety
carpets. One of the reading rooms is for newspapers and periodicals.
The other is for the faculty members. The third is reserved for self-study
where we can carry our books and read. All the reading rooms are well-
lit and have curtains to ward off the heat. The covers of newly arrived
books are displayed on a notice-board. The magazines and periodicals
277
have their beautiful, transparent covers and are placed at specifc places
and stands. Since the open shelf system has been introduced, it has
become easier to locate the books. In case it is not on the shelf, it can be
requisitioned with the help of catalogue card. The librarian is ever ready
to help us.
New Delhi
The Editor
IS March, 200X
Sir
Manufacturers.
Yours truly
Sudhanshu
6. MAGAZINE ARTICLE
For centuries the girl child has been a victim of misplaced notions
and an object of ridicule and discrimination. Even educated people
consider boys superior to girls because they are stronger physically,
mentally and emotionally. The mothers fondle, cajole and coax the
boys and scold the equally intelligent, and rather more industrious
girls due to the misconceived notion that the family propagates
only with the male child. These orthodox and retrograde views
have forced the grown up women to raise the banner of protest and
demand reservation for women. In fact, women are so suppressed
and depressed in the countryside that any project of women uplift
is impossible without giving them special treatment. It is only in the
elite urban groups that the feats of girls and women are applauded.
279
Second Option
EXAMINATION PHOBIA
Examinations are an ordeal, a hellfire for the children as well as
their dear parents. They do not welcome it, yet they have to face this
necessary evil year after year. The aspirations of the children are
high and the parents are so involved with the performance of their
wards in examination that both are tense. Since the portals of
higher education and technical / professional education are open to
students with good grades, parents expect their children to perform
wonderfully well in the examination. They try to egg their wards on
by indulging in comparisons of the attainments of their siblings with
those of their friends or neighbours. Thus they cause a
psychological strain on themselves besides overburdening and
harassing their children. In their myopic state they forget that only
one student can top the class. Every child cannot get the highest
marks in each subject. Sometimes these pressures drive students to
280
7(a).
Second Option
(a) The colour of the classroom walls is 'sour cream' or off white.
This colour suggests the decaying aspect and pathetic condition of
the lives of the children in a slum-school.
(c) The poet hints at two worlds: the world of poverty, misery and
malnutrition of the slums where children are underfed, weak and
have stunted growth. The other world is of progress and prosperity
peopled by the rich and the powerful. The pictures on the wall
suggesting happiness, richness, well being and beauty are in stark
contrast to the dim and dull slums.
(b). (a) The poet is driving to the Cochin airport. When she looks
outside, the young trees seem to be walking past them. With the
speed of the car they seem to be running fast or sprinting. The poet
presents a contrast—her 'dozing* old mother and the 'sprinting' young
trees.
(b) Instead of indulging in wars, the people must come out in their
best dresses with their brothers. They should go out for a walk under
the shady trees and enjoy themselves doing nothing.
(c) The greedy people will pose as 'good-doers'. They will swarm
over the lives of the poor rural folk. They will make plans to extract
maximum profit from them. These people are more cruel than the
wild beasts of prey. Their only aim is to mint money and earn huge
profits by befooling the innocent rural people. They will themselves
'sleep all day' but 'destroy their sleeping at night'.
(d) Aunt Jennifer's tigers were created in the panel by her own
hands. They appeared to be prancing (.jumping) across a screen.
They looked sleek. They were bright like yellow topaz. They were
majestic and courageous. They didn't fear the men beneath the tree.
They paced in 'chivalric certainty'.
282
8.
(a) Mukesh's father was born in the caste of bangle-makers. His father
went blind with the dust from polishing the glass of bangles. He is an
old and poor bangle maker. He has worked hard for long years, first as
a tailor and then as a bangle maker. He has failed to renovate a house
or send his two sons to school.
(b) Franz hardly knew how to write. He had not learnt his lessons
properly. He wasted time on seeking birds' eggs or going sliding on the
Saar. Books seemed a nuisance to him and a burden to carry. He had
put off learning till the next day thinking he had plenty of time.
(c) Unpleasant memories of the past were revived and childish fears
were stirred. In a little while he gathered confidence. He paddled with
his new water wings. He watched the other boys and tried to imitate
them. He did so two or three times on different days. He began to feel
comfortable.
(e) The author suggests that it might be because of his intimacy with
the Boss or because his general demeanour resembled that of a
sycophant. It may have been due to his readiness to say nice things
about everything.
9. One dark evening the peddler reached a little gray cottage by the
roadside. He knocked on the door to ask shelter for the night. The
283
SECOND OPTION
10. Dr Sadao's father had high dreams about the future of Japan. There
was no limit to their future as it depended on what they made it. He
never played or joked with his only son. But he spent infinite pains
upon him. For the sake of the best possible medical education, he sent
285
his son to America. Sadao met Hana there, but waited to fall in love
with her until he was sure she was Japanese. His father would never
have received her unless she had been pure in her race. Their marriage
was arranged in the old Japanese way only after Sadao's father had
seen her when both of them had come home to Japan after finishing
their education. He was a Japanese every inch. The floor of his room
was deeply matted. He would never sit on a chair or sleep in a foreign
bed in his house. The quilt was covered with flowered silk and the lining
was pure white silk. In short, everything here had been Japanese to
please him.
SECOND OPTION
Roger Skunk smelled very bad—in fact so bad that none of the
other little woodland creatures would play with him. Whenever
Roger Skunk went out to play, all the other tiny animals would
cry: 'Uh-oh, here comes Roger Stinky Skunk/ Then they would
run away. Roger Skunk would stand there all alone. Two little
round tears would fall from his eyes. Roger Skunk walked along
very sadly and came to a very big tree. There was a huge, wise,
old owl on the topmost branch of the tree. He told the owl that all
the other little animals ran away from him because he smelled very
bad. The owl admitted that he did so. Skunk wanted to know what
he could do and cried hard. The owl advised Roger Skunk to go to
the wizard who lived in the dense forest over a little river. The
wizard too observed that the Skunk smelled awful. He asked what
he wanted. Roger Skunk told his problem. The wizard found his
magic wancf and asked Roger Skunk what he wanted to smell
like. Roger thought and said, "Roses". The wizard chanted a
286
magical spell. There was a smell of roses all around the wizard's
house. Roger Skunk now smelled of Roses.
11.
(a) The paper inside the first-day cover was not blank. It
contained a note by Sam, written from Galesburg on 18 July 1894
and addressed to Charley. It revealed that Sam had found the third
level and had been in Galesburg for two weeks, enjoying the
company of carefree, song and music loving people there. He
advised Charley to keep looking for the third level as it was worth
it.
Ragging has not always been the nightmare it has now become. Ragging
originated in the West as a sort of initiation rites. The fresh entrants to
colleges/hostels were initiated into the manners and way of life of the hostel
by their seniors. The latter had also gone through their share of ragging at the
time of entry. It was now their turn to have some amusement at the cost of
the freshers. They would tease the freshers about their look or about their
manners. Abnormally tall or short students would be easy targets as also the
fat and the lean. Students wearing glasses would have their glasses snatched
288
away and made to read for the seniors. Sometimes the seniors would insist
that the freshers bow before them and greet them with folded hands. The
fresher would face a major calamity when eatables brought by him from
home would be consumed by a battery of senior students within a few
minutes in his presence. His protests would invite teasing, ridicule and
charges of selfishness.
A fresher who resists the attempts of his seniors to ridicule him would
become a target for special harassment. He might be charged of stealing an
article of a senior and would be put on a mock-trial. The Jury constituted by
the seniors would act as the accuser, the judge and the punishing authority.
The accused may be pressurised by verbal instructions or physical threats
into admitting his guilt. Defiance would result in sure convictions. The
convict would be asked to polish the shoes of his seniors for a week or wash
their clothes. A boarder who dares complain to the warden would become a
target of guerilla warfare. He would be constantly harassed by some gang of
the seniors.
Ragging is indeed a nightmare for the subjects as they go through the ordeal.
But it does have some positive effects on the freshers. Those who endure it
with courage get emboldened. They get used to facing hardship and
unpleasant situations. They build up a reserve of fortitude in their
personality. The roughness and toughness of the impersonal environment do
not rattle them so easily.
It is not unoften that the perpetrators and the victims of ragging become best
of friends in course of time. Their friendship is all the more enduring for the
initial feelings of hostility they have experienced in their first encounters.
Ragging also enhances the self-awareness of many students who are too
much obsessed by their own ideals and pursuits such as cranks or book-
worms. A moderate amount of ragging induces the fresher to behave in
socially acceptable ways and abandon his eccentricity.
Of late, ragging has degenerated into simple torture of the innocent at the
hands of sadistic element among the senior boarders. The latter, who might
have been the products of unhappy childhood, would seek their revenge on
the emotional and sensitive youth by straining their nerves and endurance.
289
1.2 Find out words and phrases from the passage which mean the
following : 3
(i) committing (para 1)
Noise causes disturbances in the atmosphere which in turn interferes with the
system of communications. They affect our peace of mind, health and
behaviour. Sudden loud noise can cause damage to the ear drum and the tiny
hair cells in the internal ear, whereas prolonged noise results in temporary
loss of hearing or even permanent impairment. It causes headache, irritability
and impairs reusing. It is known to flame the skin, constrict stomach muscles
and produce ulcers, heart disease, high blood pressure, nervousness and other
defects in sensory and nervous systems. It is difficult to completely get rid of
the malady of noise pollution in the current electronic age. However we can
adopt certain measures to minimize the intensity of the noise pollution.
Legislation and public awareness are essential. Nobody should be permitted
to create noise in silent zones or during night. Noise producing vehicles
should be prevented from plying on the roads and their use of pressure horns
should be entirely checked.
Here the horticulturist can help a lot. They can suggest adequate varieties of
vegetation which can be planted around factories, hospitals, educational
institutions, public library and. houses which may reduce sound pollution
and also may minimize the pollution. But lot of hue and cry due to pollution
is caused by pesticides that has been prevailing among the residents living in
the industrial areas and their surroundings and other inhabitable parts for a
long time. The genesis is that when the bad smell and the noise and other
machines in the manufacturing process become inevitable, the workers have
to suffer a lot. Pesticides do kill the harmful insects, rodents but plants are
adversely affected. These plants are rather helpful to absorb the extra noise
prevalent in the atmosphere. It is our moral duty to preserve the atmosphere
from noise so as the keep ourselves away from many harmful effects of noise
pollution. In reality man is responsible for his degradation.
OR
You are Mansi/Manav. You feel that this age of consumerism
has given a boost to plastic money. Write a speech to be
presented in the morning assembly of your school on
“Advantages and Disadvantages of credit Cards”, Word limit
200.
7. (a) Read the lines given below and answer the questions that
follow:
“Perhaps the earth can teach us
as when everything seems dead
and later proves to be alive.
Now I will count up to twelve
and you keep quiet and I will go”.
(i) What are the lessons that the earth can teach us ?
1
(ii) What symbol of nature does the poet use to make us
comprehend this lesson ?
1
(iii) What does the poet mean to achieve by counting upto twelve?
1
(iv) What is the significance of keeping quiet ? 1
OR
“When aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie.
Still singed with ordeals she was mastered by.
The tigers in the panel that she made,
will go on prancing, proud and unafraid.”
(i) Why are aunt Jennifer’s hands described as being terrified? 1
(ii) What impression does one get about the character of aunt
Jennifer? 1
(iii) How does the poet describe the tigers made on the panel by
aunt Jennifer?
1
(iv) What do the last two lines suggest? 1
(ii) What is the reason for putting up a road side stand ? Did it
achieve its goal ?
(iii) What do the parting words of the poet to her mother and her
smile signify ?
(iv) Why is grandeur associated with the ‘mighty dead’?
OR
Recount what made the peddler finally change his ways ?
MODEL ANSWERS
SECTION : A [READING]
Answer :
1. Definition of noise
2. Effects
3. Remedies
Key to Abbreviations: -
1) Snd -Sound
2) msmt- Measurement
3) disturb.-Disturbances
4) atmos, -Atmosphere
3. Ans.
SITUATION WANTED
OR
297
Ans.
Opening at Aligarh
Special Features
* Centrally Located Building
Registration Open
Contact School office between 9 AM and 12 Noon
Principal
4. Ans.
SEMINAR ON RETIRMENT AGE
Pankaj/Parvi
Last week the Rotary Club of the district organised a seminar on 'Case
for Reducing the Retirement Age in Public Sector from 60 to 55' in Patel
298
OR
Ans.
for one reason or the other. India was a welfare state and it was in
keeping with it that the Goverment’s responsibility became all the more
desirable.
Rajat
5. Ans.
New Delhi
The Editor
New Delhi
Sir,
You will earn sincere gratitude if you kindly publish my letter in 'Letters
to the Editor’s column of your esteemed newspaper. The letter pertains
to lavish spending on our marriages.
Thanking you,
Yours sincerely,
Deep Chand
OR
Ans.
New Delhi
2 March, 2008
The Director
Doordharshan
301
Parliament Street
New Delhi.
Sir,
I would like to bring to your kind notice the fact that many T.V
programmes telecast by Doordharshan have lost their interest
and effect. Many of these programmes were produced twenty
or thirty years before and have lost their appeal and relevance
in the changing scenario of familial and /or social- values.
Today, you'll agree, is the period of competitions, information
technology, globalization etc. If the viewers do not keep
themselves abreast of the changing topicality of the modem
things, they seem to lag behind in the mad race of life. Then the
invasion of cable TV has left many of us behind in the
innovative techniques of serials and the current topicality of
their themes. To elaborate, modern serials like Saas Bhi Kabhi
Bahu Thi, Kaun Banega Krorepati, Cheppar Phar Ke, have
been found to be more appealing than Nukkad and Buniyaad
etc. If a survey is conducted, Doordarshan serials will
definitely be least desired to be seen than those produced by
Star Plus, Sony, Zee TV. etc.
Consequently, I request you to take steps for some improvements in T.V
programmes telecast by Doordarshan in the light of what has been stated
above.
Thanking You
Yours sincerely
Deepa.
302
6. Ans.
There was a time when people did not even know about
diseases like hypertension, diabetes, heart attacks etc. But now
these diseases have become so common place that we need to
take the matter seriously and look for the root of causes. One of
the reasons why World Health Day is celebrated every year is
to create awareness about common health problems the world
over.
Doctor Markend Patel, MD (medicine), says," There are a no. of reasons
which cause a variety of diseases. Allergic problems, asthma, bronchitis.
skin allergies are the problems caused by the pollution of the
atmosphere which again is result of mindless cutting of tress. Hence, we
breathe in polluted air .
Instead of cold drink, one can have fresh lime juice and coconut water.
Green leafy vegetables and fruits can keep you healthy.
All said and done. ' Prevention is better than cure' should be our motto
to lead a good and healthy life.
OR
SPEECH :
Before opting for a card just verify its acceptability, eligibility, fees,
other charges, credit period and cash advances etc.
304
Master and Visa cards arc widely accepted compared to Diners and
American cards. Global credit cards will be convenient for people who
are on frequent foreign tours.
Credit card users have to consider their need before going for a card.
Foreign and private banks give a higher credit limit so their cards
become a functional accessory while shopping or entertaining. Public
sector banks offer low entry fees, longer credit periods and lower credit
charges and their cards are liked by 'value for money' persons.
Thank you.
Manav/Mansi
OR
(i) Aunt Jennifer’s hands are described as terrified because
they tremble and refuse to work under the oppressive
authority of her husband.
305
7. (b) Ans.
(i) The poet refers to the sun, the moon, old and young trees,
flowers, water streams, grandeur of the doom of heroes
etc. These beautiful things give us joy and remove the
pall of gloom from our spirits.
(ii) The poor villagers put up a road-side stand to earn and
feel some city money in their hands to improve their
lives. It did not achieve its goal as no passers-by stopped
their cars to buy things from the stand.
(iii) ‘See you soon Amma’, the poetess’ last words to her
mother and her smile are meant to assure her that here
was nothing wrong. She did not want her mother to feel
sad, depressed and ignored. She gave her hope to live.
(iv) Grandeur is associated with the death of great kings and
warriors who embraced death feartessly and sacrificed
their lives fighting in the battle-fields for noble cause.
8. Ans.
9. Ans.
OR
Ans.
The peddler in the story, ‘The Rattrap', a tramp once, revealed a
completely different side of his character with a number of
changed factors. The ironmaster's daughter, Edla persuaded the
peddler, whom her father mistook to be a captain from his
regiment, to share his Christmas lunch at their house. She could
make out that he was no captain but a run-away from prison.
Even after he had been shaved, changed and bathed, he didn't
look a captain in anyway to the ironmaster-but his daughter
prevailed upon him to allow him to stay and share their
Christmas dinner with them.
She showed him sympathy and allowed him to stay in a place
where he could rest and feel secure. Even though she knew his
308
real identity, she, made him feel like an honoured guest. Edla's
trust and compassion brought a drastic change in the peddler's
mind. His conscience urged him not to let her down. It was
evident from the fact that when the ironmaster and his daughter
returned from the church service, the attendant told them that
he had left thirty stolen kroner in a rattrap along with a letter.
He requested that the stolen money be returned to the rightful
owner and had also mentioned about her goodness the whole
day long and he didn't want her to be embarrassed in the
Christmas season by a thief. The rattrap was a Christmas
present from a rat who would have been caught is this world's
rattrap if Edla Willmanson had not treated him like a captain,
for once he realised that he too had an identity, he too was a
man worthy of concern and compassion.
10. Ans.
Though the play, 'On the face of It’ ends on a tragic note, yet it
leaves the reader with a sense of hope. Derry and Mr. Lamb's
meeting was a chanced meeting - a very short meeting but it
had a deep impact on Derry. Initially Derry was just
preoccupied with his disfigured face, had lost all self-
confidence and he sought solitude, away from the sneering
glances of the people. It was his meeting with Mr. Lamb that he
was motivated with the fact that beauty was relative and he
enjoyed everything that God made-even the weeds in the
garden' and the 'bees singing'. Mr. Lamb had infected him with
a love for life and the curiosity to discover the simple joys of
everyday living. Derry, was earlier withdrawn with the idea
that people were afraid of him because of his ugly face. It was
Mr. Lamb who made him feel that he had arms, legs, eyes,
ears, tongue and a brain-he could get on the way he wanted.
The old man had taught him that one can ignore the unpleasant
and learn to discover the beauty in things. Towards the end, it
was what he had heard Mr. Lamb saying that mattered to him
more than what his family had to say.
OR
309
11. Ans.
(i) Galesburg was charlie’s dreamland. He had spent his
childhood there. He believed, 1894, it must have been a
haven of peace on earth. With summer evenings twice as
long, there was no rush, no hurry there. So the place held
a great fascination for him.
310
(ii) The old general had an ailment involving his gall bladder.
Dr. Sadao was treating him with medicine. But a surgery
could become necessary and the General did not have
faith on any other doctor. So, Sadao was kept in Japan.
(iii) Antarctica was the place to go to in order to understand
the earth’s past, present and future. The climate is
changing and Antarctica may become warm again. But a
visit to Antarctica makes us realise that the danger is real.
(iv) Though the two women were born in distant lands
separated by seven seas, they suffered exploitation,
injustice and humitiation at the hands of the rich and
powerful. Zitkala Sa’s long hair was cut against her will
and Bama was pained to see that the high caste people
treated the dalits like their salaves.
311
ENGLISH (CORE)
SECTION A: READING
1. Read the passage given below and answer the question that
follows.
12 Marks
With technology leveling the field, women today have more
opportunities than ever before. When physical strength was a major
factor determining life, the masculine would dominate. Now, enabled
by technology, anyone can get empowered to go farther.
The reason why the masculine has been more important till now is
because all these thousands of years of our existence, our focus has
been survival. Just going and getting food was such a hard task. Now
you can just go into the supermarket and buy whatever you want.
For the first time, we can relax our survival attitudes a little bit Once
we do that, we’ll find that what is naturally feminine reveals its true
significance. However, modern societies are not relaxing their
survival instinct; whether it is a car or a home or whatever, we are
just raising the bar.
do your best; you will not hold back anything. That is a woman’s
way of operating. That is the best way to operate in the world.
If the feminine found more room for expression on this planet, may
be our stock market would not hit 20000, but generally people would
smile more, be a little more happy, a little more loving, life would be
a little more beautiful.
(A)
314
(i) What has given to the women of today more opportunities than
before?
(1 Mark)
(iii) Why has the masculine been given more importance till now?
(1Mark)
(vi) ‘If these two aspects are in balance’. Mention the two aspects that
need to happen in this world. (2 Marks)
(vii). Pick out words from the passage that mean the same as the
following.
2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that
follow. 9 Marks
315
Rapid network roll-out and deep distribution has been the mantra
for Indian operators. Today, the mobile network covers over 70
316
Mobile tariff innovations over the years have played a beg role in
the rapid penetration. Free incoming calls, lifetime-prepaid cards,
recharge coupons as low as Rs 10 were all innovations which
opened the service to a huge mass of potential customers. Along
with the sharp drop in the rates, there has been increasing
simplification and transparency in the tariff plans.
It is not just the local tariffs that have beaten India’s inflation
though. Long distance and roaming rates has also seen bursts of
huge cuts. While national long distance rates have fallen from a
peak of Rs 24 to Rs 1.50, international long distance rates have
dropped from Rs 96 to a low of Rs 7. Roaming rates have fallen
from a high of Rs 10 to Re 1. Broadband rates too have been cur
rapidly. In fact, customer additions in broadband have taken off
by more than 50 per cent during the last one year alone.
Telecom continues to beat inflation hands down. But it’s not just
about beating inflation. The sector is effectively adding to
everyone’s purchasing power by slicing off cost of
communication continuously and significantly. Add to that the
sector’s ability to create opportunities for direct and indirect
employment all around. By making communication affordable
and widely available, the sector is aiding the productivity of even
the remotest farmer and shopkeeper in the country. In fact, we
have just started realizing the huge multiplier of speed, efficiency
and productivity effect that the sector has on other sectors of the
economy.
(5 Marks)
318
In your locality the road lights have not been working for the past
few weeks and also the drains are not covered, causing a lot of
inconvenience and posing danger to life. Write a letter to the
Health Department of Corporation of Chennai requesting them to
attend to the problem.
(10 Marks)
OR
7. (A) Read the extract given below and answer the questions that
follow.
OR
wedding band’?
(ii). What image does the poet use to describe the beautiful
(iii). The walls of the classroom are decorated with the picture of
these children?
(B). What was the author’s first emotion on setting foot on the
Antaretica continent? What was it followed by and why?
(C). Name some of the novelties and oddities in the street that
attracted Bame.
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A: READING
324
COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
1. (A) i) – technology
ii) – because of the cultural baggage that conveys that anything
masculine is more superior.
iii) – because for thousands of years of our existence, our focus
has been survival.
iv) – create a society where there would be room for music, art,
love, care, compassion; not just economics.
v) – concerned about everything around, will naturally do best,
withhold back anything.
vi) – we will go somewhere
-- we will also enjoy where we are right now.
(B) i) Seeped
ii) Compassion
iii) unbridled.
Main distribution
Title
Abbreviations (Min 4 with or without key) (1)
Content (subheadings and notes) (3)
Content - 2 Marks
Expression - 1 Mark
3. NOTICE :
format - 1 Mark
Content - 2 Marks
Expression - 2 Marks
ADVERTISEMENT:
Content - 3 Marks
Expression - 2 Marks
326
4. Report writing:
Format (title & reporter’s name) - 1 Mark
Content - 4 Marks
Expression - 5 Marks
5. Letter Writing
Note : - No marks are to be awarded if only the format is given.
Credit should be given to the candidate’s creativity in presentation
of ideas. Mixing of both traditional and new format is not
permitted.
Format
1. Sender’s Address.
2. Date
3. Receiver’s address
4. Subject heading
5. Salutation
6. Complimentory close
Content - 4 Marks
Expression - 4 Marks
6. Article Writing
Format(Title and writer’s name) -1 Mark
Content - 4 Marks
Expression - 5 Marks
Grammatical accuracy, appropriate words, spellings- 2.5 marks
SECTION – C: LITERATURE
-2 marks
OR
(i) - not to harm the whales -2 marks
Work. -1 Mark
Content - 1 Mark
Expression - 1Mark
Value points-
OR
9.
Content - 5 Marks
Expression- 5 Marks
Value points
11.
a. -The Maharaja of Pratibandhpuram is the hero.
-identified as His Highness Jamedar, General, Khiledar,
Major, Satyavyaghra, Samhard, Maharajadhiraj
Vishvabhuvana Samrat Sir Jilahi Jung Bahadur, MAD,
ACTC, CRCK. Tiger King.
b.- felt relief for she had been travelling for 100 hours.