AA Preinstalacion

Varian AA Systems
Pre-installation Manual
Installation Category II
Pollution Degree 2
Safety Class 1 (EN 61010-1)
Publication no. 8510119300

Issue 10
July 2010
Varian AA Systems
Varian, Inc. – Serving Industries Worldwide

Biosciences
Pharmaceuticals
Clinical Research and Forensics
Food and Agriculture
Chemical Analysis
Environmental
Fuels and Energy
Material Sciences
Sales and Service Contact Details

North America: 800.926.3000, 925.939.2400
Europe, The Netherlands: 31.118.67.1000
Asia Pacific, Australia: 613.9560.7133
Latin America, Brazil: 55.11.3238.0400
Varian, Inc. Web Site

www.varianinc.com
Varian, Inc. is the owner of copyright on this document and any
associated software. Under law, the written permission of Varian,
Inc. must be obtained before the documentation or the software is
copied, reproduced, translated or converted to electronic or other
machine-readable form, in whole, or in part.
First published in 1994. Updated 1995, 1997. 1998, 2000, 2001,

2002, 2003, 2007, 2010.
® Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and other countries. ® Intel and
Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its
subsidiaries in the United States and other countries, Varian and
the Varian logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Varian,
Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
© 2010 Varian, Inc.
ii Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

Varian AA Systems
Contents
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Installation Guide 2
1.2 Recommended PC Configurations 3
1.3 Pre-installation Checklist 4
1.4 ‘Warning’ and ‘Caution’ Messages 6
2. Suitable Work Area 9
2.1 Environment Control 9
2.2 Workbench 10
2.3 Noise Levels 10
2.4 Weights and Dimensions 11
3. Exhaust System 19
3.1 General 19
3.2 Varian Exhaust System 20
4. Electrical Power Supplies 25
4.1 General 25
5. Gas Supplies 29
5.1 Pressure Cylinder Storage 29
5.2 Gas Connection Fittings 30
5.3 Permitted Gas Supplies 30
5.4 Gas Line Diameter 32
5.5 Air Supply 32
5.6 Nitrous Oxide Supply 34
5.7 Acetylene Supply 35
5.8 Gas Supplies for Graphite Tube Atomizers (Zeeman and non-
Zeeman) 37
5.9 Gas Supplies for the Vapor Generation Accessory 38
6. Supplementary Information 39
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Varian AA Systems
6.1 Waste Fluids 39

6.2 Special Arrangements for Use with Organic Solvents 39
7. Water Cooling System 41
7.1 General 41
8. Equipment On-site 43
8.1 Insurance After Delivery 43
8.2 Transit Damage 43
8.3 In-house Transit Routes 45
9. Software Installation Guidelines 47
9.1 Installing the Windows® Operating System 47
9.2 Installing Varian SpectrAA Software 47
10. Operator Training 49
iv Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

Varian AA Systems
1. Introduction
This publication contains information to enable you to prepare your

laboratory for the installation of a Varian atomic absorption
spectrometer. Described below are facilities that must be provided
before the installation can be completed. Detailed operating
procedures are provided in the operation manual that is supplied
with the instrument, or in the online help supplied with the
instrument software.
When all preparations are finished, please complete the checklist
(strike out entries that are not applicable) and send the completed,
signed pre-installation checklist to your local Varian sales and
service office or Varian agent. When it is received, the Varian field
service manager or Varian agent will contact you to arrange a
mutually convenient time for installation.
If you need assistance or details of operator training courses,
please contact your Varian representative.
Note All information in this manual is accurate at the time or publication.
For the most current information, contact your local customer
support representative.
Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 1 of 50

Varian AA Systems
Warning – Shock Hazard – Fire Hazard – Noxious Gas

The instrument and accessories contain electrical circuits,
devices and components operating at dangerous voltages.
Contact with these circuits, devices and components can cause
death, serious injury, or painful electric shock.
All compressed gases (other than air) can create a hazard if they
leak into the atmosphere. Even small leaks in gas supply
systems can be dangerous. Any leak can create an explosion
hazard, a fire hazard, or can result in an oxygen-deficient
atmosphere. Such hazards can cause death, serious injury,
asphyxiation, anesthetic effects, and serious damage to
equipment and property.
For these reasons, access into the instrument is restricted. The

covers on instruments and accessories must not be removed by
the operator, except as permitted for the routine maintenance
tasks detailed in the relevant operation manuals.
Panels and covers that are retained by fasteners which require

the use of a tool for removal may only be opened by Varian-
trained, Varian-qualified, or Varian-approved Field Support
Representatives (FSRs).
Service is to be performed only by Varian-trained, Varian-

qualified or Varian-authorized Field Support Representatives
(FSRs).
1.1 Installation Guide

Allow a minimum of four hours for installation by a Varian customer
support representative. If accessories are included, allow a
maximum of eight hours. The installation will include:
Spectrometer installation
Basic customer training
Maintenance overview
Accessory installation
We recommend a telephone outlet near the instrument. This will
make it easier for you if you need to seek assistance in operational
procedures or apparent fault diagnosis. This can also facilitate
remote troubleshooting and diagnosis where this support option
has been included.
2 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

Varian AA Systems
Note Installation time will increase if Qualification services (IQ/OQ) are

required. Contact your local Varian customer support
representative for further details.
1.2 Recommended PC Configurations

If you are supplying your own PC for use with a Varian AA
instrument, the minimum and recommended configurations of that
PC are listed below.
Minimum
The minimum configuration represents the absolute minimum on
which you can run the Varian AA instrument software. This PC
configuration may be out of manufacture, but you may wish to use
a PC you already have.
Intel® Pentium® 4 2000 MHz processor, 512 MB RAM, 17 inch
Super VGA monitor, graphics card supporting 1024 x 768
resolution, 4 GB or more hard disk, CD-ROM drive, sound card,
Windows® XP Professional (Service pack 2) operating system,
one RS232 serial port.
Note The PC must have 1 spare PCI expansion slot for the Varian PCI-
IEEE interface card.
Recommended
The recommended configuration is that which you would buy new.
Intel® Pentium® 4 2.8 GHz processor, 1 GB RAM, 17 inch Super
VGA monitor, graphics card supporting 1024 x 768 resolution,
40 GB or more hard disk, 24 speed CD-ROM drive, 32 bit sound
card and speakers, Windows® XP Professional (Service pack 2)
operating system, two RS232 serial ports.
Note The PC must have 1 spare full height PCI expansion slot for the
Varian PCI-IEEE interface card.
The Varian SpectrAA software does not support the AT/ISA PC
bus.

Varian AA Systems
1.3 Pre-installation Checklist

Use the following checklist to ensure that you complete each step
of the pre-installation procedure. Tick the box to indicate that each
requirement is complete.
Instrument has been delivered, unpacked and positioned on a
work bench.
Any instrument damage has been reported to the company
responsible for transporting the instrument. A Varian
representative was informed of the damage, and a copy of the
damage report has been sent to the Varian office.
Computer components on site
Brand:
Processor:
RAM size in MB:
Hard disk size in MB:
Operating system:
Printer
Brand:
Model number:
SIPS 10/20 Sample Introduction Pump System
Serial number:
SPS Autosampler
Model number:
Serial number:
VGA-77 Vapor Generation Accessory
Serial number:
GTA Accessory
Serial number:
ETC-60 Accessory
Serial number:

Varian AA Systems
Additional accessories
Type and model:
Serial number:
Type and model:
Serial number:
Exhaust system
Electrical power supplies
Gas supplies
Telephone outlet
Waste container
Water cooling/circulation system
Brand:
Model number:
Serial number:
21 CFR Part 11 pre-installation requirements

The 21 CFR Part 11 booklet has been received and read, and
action has been taken to ensure section 4 of the 21 CFR Part
11 booklet has been completed
System Administrator has been notified
Arrangements have been made for System Administrator to be
present during installation
All preparations have been completed in accordance with the
information provided in the Varian AA Systems Pre-installation
Manual. Please arrange for the installation to be completed as
soon as possible. I understand that if the installation site is not
prepared in accordance with the enclosed instructions, additional
installation charges may be applicable.
Company name and address:

Name: Position:
Telephone: Date:
Preferred installation date: Signature:

Varian AA Systems
1.3.1 Pre-installation Complete

All preparations have been completed. To arrange installation of
the instrument, complete the details in the Pre-installation Checklist
and return the form to the Varian Office shown below. A copy
should be retained for Validation purposes.
Varian office card to be attached here.
1.4 ‘Warning’ and ‘Caution’ Messages

A ‘Warning’ message is used in the text when failure to observe
instructions or precautions could result in death or injury.
A ‘Caution’ message is used when failure to observe instructions
could result in damage to equipment (Varian supplied and/or other
associated equipment).
A ‘Note’ message is used to give advice or information.

Varian AA Systems
1.4.1 Warning Symbols

These symbols are included with warnings in the manual or on the
products.
Corrosive chemical Electrical shock Explosion hazard

hazard
Eye hazard Fire hazard Heavy weight

(Danger to feet)
Heavy weight Hot surface Magnetic field

(Danger to hands)
Moving part Noxious gas Sharp object
Toxic material

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This page is intentionally left blank.

Varian AA Systems
2. Suitable Work Area
2.1 Environment Control

The area selected for operation of a Varian AA spectrometer
system must be free from drafts, corrosive atmospheres and
vibration. Sample preparation areas and materials storage facilities
should be located in a separate room.
The area should have a dust-free, low humidity atmosphere.
Air-conditioning is strongly recommended for control of the
environment. The instrument should not be located near a window,
door or any other area where drafts may cause unstable thermal
conditions.
Recommended environmental conditions:
For operation:
0 to 853 m 10 to 35 °C 8 to 80% relative humidity
(0 to 2800 ft) (50 to 95 °F) (non-condensing)

For storage:
Note For optimum analytical performance, it is recommended that the

ambient temperature of the laboratory be maintained between
20–25 °C, and held constant to within ±2 °C throughout the entire
working day and at least 4 hours before use of the instrument.

Varian AA Systems
2.2 Workbench
The workbench must be free from vibration and be stable and
strong enough to support the total weight of the equipment to be
used. The bench top should be large enough to permit a free
circulation of air around the main instrument and each of the
accessories.
The information provided in Table 2.1 will make planning easier.
Portable or semi-permanent trolleys can be used as workbenches
but you must lock the wheels. Accessories such as the SPS3
AutoSampler can be positioned on a trolley available from Varian
(part number 9910056300). To avoid damage through spillage of
samples being used, the bench top should be covered with a
material which is corrosion-resistant and impervious to liquid
spillage. Generally, for comfortable working conditions and ease of
access to the instruments, the workbench should be approximately
900 mm (35 in.) high.
The location of the workbench may be determined by the need for
an exhaust flue to remove fumes and vapors from the
spectrometer sample compartment (see Section 3).
2.3 Noise Levels

The sound pressure level (SPL) of a flame AA in a ‘normal’
laboratory environment (~60 dBA) measured at normal operator
position is ~65 dBA. At a distance of one meter from the
instrument, the SPL is reduced to ~62 dBA. The likely maximum
SPL at a customer location will be greatly influenced by the
extraction system.

Varian AA Systems
2.4 Weights and Dimensions

Table 2.1. Equipment weights and dimensions for Varian AA instruments
Spectrometer system unit Width Depth Height Weight
SpectrAA-50/55 instrument only 790 mm 585 mm 575 mm 56 kg

(31 in.) (23 in.) (22.5 in.) (123 lb)
SpectrAA-50/55 shipping dimensions 1200 mm 780 mm 870 mm 97 kg
(47 in.) (31 in.) (34 in.) (213 lb)
Varian-AA140/240 instrument only 790 mm 580 mm 590 mm 56 kg
(31 in.) (23 in.) (23 in.) (123 lb)
Varian-AA240 Z instrument only 790 mm 580 mm 590 mm 56 kg
Also requires GTA-120 Zeeman (see below) (31 in.) (23 in.) (23 in.) (123 lb)
Varian-AA140/240 shipping dimensions 1215 mm 820 mm 870 mm 97kg
(46 in.) (35 in.) (35 in.) (214 lb)
Varian-AA240 Z shipping dimensions 1215 mm 820 mm 870 mm 86kg
(46 in.) (35 in.) (35 in.) (190 lb)
Varian-AA280 FS instrument only 790 mm 580 mm 590 mm 75 kg
(31 in.) (23 in.) (29 in.) (165 lb)
Varian-AA280 Z instrument only 790 mm 580 mm 740 mm 61 kg
Also requires GTA-120 Zeeman (see below) (31 in.) (23 in.) (29 in.) (135 lb)
Varian-AA280 FS/Z shipping dimensions 1210 mm 820 mm 1020 mm 106 kg
(48 in.) (32 in.) (40 in.) (234 lb)
Accessories Width Depth Height Weight
GTA-120 Graphite Tube Atomizer 240 mm 600 mm 580 mm 41 kg

(workhead stowed) (10 in.) (24 in.) (23 in.) (90 lb)
Shipping dimensions (including PSD-120) 960 mm 770 mm 850 mm 76 kg
(38 in.) (30 in.) (34 in.) (167 lb)
GTA-120 Zeeman 240 mm 600 mm 580 mm 52 kg
(including workhead) (10 in.) (24 in.) (23 in.) (115 lb)
Shipping dimensions (including PSD-120) 960 mm 770 mm 850 mm 87 kg
(38 in.) (30 in.) (34 in.) (192 lb)
Programmable Sample Dispenser 300 mm 380 mm 310 mm 6 kg
PSD-120 (11.8 in.) (15 in.) (12.2 in.) (13.2 lb)
Shipping dimensions 660 mm 420 mm 310 mm 10 kg
(26 in.) (16.5 in.) (12.2 in.) (22 lb)

Varian AA Systems
Table 2.1. Equipment weights and dimensions for Varian AA instruments continued
Accessories continued Width Depth Height Weight

SPS3 Autosampler 490 mm 300 mm 515 mm 15 kg
(19 in.) (19 in.) (20 in.) (33 lb)
(29.9 in.) (19.7 in.) (33 in.) (68.3 lb)
SPS3 Autosampler with Diluter 572 mm 300 mm 515 mm 18 kg
(23 in.) (11 in.) (20 in.) (39.6 in.)
(23.6 in.) (15.7 in.) (33 in.) (74.9 lb)
Trolley cart dimensions 600 mm 420 mm 775 mm
(23.6 in.) (16.5 in.) (30.5 in.)
VGA-77 Vapor Generation 310 mm 210 mm 270 mm 5.5 kg
(13 in.) (8 in.) (11 in.) (12 lb)
(23 in.) (18 in.) (12 in.) (24 lb)
UltrAA lamp control module 240 mm 145 mm 355 mm 7.5 kg
(9 in.) (6 in.) (14 in.) (17 lb)
ETC-60 Electrothermal Controller 260 mm 240 mm 150 mm 5 kg
(10 in.) (9.5 in.) (6 in.) (11 lb)
Shipping dimensions 385 mm 340 mm 400 mm 8.5 kg
(15 in.) (14 in.) (16 in.) (19 lb)
SIPS 10/20: SIPS Power Module 225 mm 100 mm 385 mm 4.5 kg
(9 in.) (4 in.) (15.5 in.) (10 lb)
SIPS Pump module 285 mm 275 mm 215 mm 4.5 kg
(11 in.) (10.5 in.) (9 in.) (10 lb)
(25 in.) (21 in.) (14 in.) (33 lb)
Personal Computers Consult the manufacturer.
Printers Consult the manufacturer.

Varian AA Systems
Figure 2.1. SpectrAA-50/55 instrument dimensions

Varian AA Systems
Figure 2.2. Front view of a Varian-AA280 series instrument with GTA-120

and PSD-120
Figure 2.3. Top view of a Varian-AA280 series instrument, GTA-120 and

PSD-120

Varian AA Systems
Figure 2.4. Side view of the Varian-AA280 with PSD-120
Figure 2.5. Front of a Varian-AA140/240 series instrument with

GTA-120 and PSD-120

Varian AA Systems
Figure 2.6. Top view of a Varian-AA140/240 series instrument with

GTA-120 and PSD-120
Figure 2.7. Side view of a Varian-AA140/240 with PSD-120

Varian AA Systems
Figure 2.8. Location of the feet on the base of the AA140/240/280

series (including Zeeman)

Varian AA Systems

Varian AA Systems
3. Exhaust System
Locate the fan at least 3 meters

(10 ft) away from the flame
Ducting 150 mm (6 in.) diameter

Secure the flue by steel
Clamp
brackets fixed to a wall or
suspended from the ceiling
by steel rods or chains Flue maximum opening 275 mm
100 mm
Chimney
Figure 3.1. Spectrometer and flue position
3.1 General
The flame operates at a temperature of approximately 3000 °C
(5400 °F), and can generate up to 540 kilojoules (510 BTU) per
minute. Exhaust fumes can be toxic or corrosive. Under extreme
flame conditions the maximum temperature of the exhaust
extraction system (based on the Varian exhaust system) was 65 °C
(149 °F) at a distance 2.2 m (7.2 ft) above the floor level. However,
failure of the extraction fan will permit accessible metalwork to
become dangerously hot.
The spectrometer must be located under a flue, which is vented by
an exhaust fan and ducted to an external vent. The exhaust
system with flue, ducting and external vent, must provide a
minimum flow of 6 cubic meters per minute (200 cfm) at 16 mm
water gauge static pressure (free delivery of 11 cubic meters per
minute).
The exhaust system installation must comply with any rules and/or
regulations that may be imposed by local authorities responsible
for control of facilities and fixtures in the workplace.

Varian AA Systems
The exhaust fan should be located at least 3 meters (10 feet) away
from the flame. The fan blades must be made of metal. The fan
control switch and running indicator lamp should be located close
to the instrument.
Ducting must be corrosion resistant, fireproof and should be kept
clear of fire alarms, sprinkler heads, heat sensitive devices and
combustible materials. It should rise vertically for at least two
meters (6 ft) from the spectrometer and there should be no tight
bends. All ducting joints must be fitted — the hot exhaust gases
may melt soldered joints.
The external vent must be fitted with a back draft damper and the
outlet location must be clear of doors, windows and air-conditioning
inlets.
Warning – Noxious Fumes

Any leak can result in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere which can
cause death, serious injury, asphyxiation, anesthetic effects, and
serious damage to equipment and property. An exhaust system
must be used with Varian AA flame and furnace instruments to
remove hazardous and toxic gases.
Note The Varian Furnace Fume Extraction System accessory requires

an exhaust ducting size of 150 mm (6 in.) to fit the mounting plate.
3.2 Varian Exhaust System

The components required for an extraction system may be
purchased from Varian either separately or as a kit of parts ready
for installation at the instrument site. To allow for personal
preferences in the selection of control gear, switch and pilot light
assemblies are not included with the items supplied by Varian.
Table 3.1. Exhaust kits
Exhaust kit Part number

Exhaust kit for 240 V, 50 Hz supply 9910028100
Exhaust kit for 115 V, 60 Hz supply 9910028500
Note Mounting hardware for the flue and fan are not included with the
Varian-supplied exhaust kit.

Varian AA Systems
Each Varian-supplied exhaust kit contains the following items,

which must be installed by local fitters before the Varian customer
support representative is called.
Table 3.2. Exhaust kit components (refer to Figure 3.2)
Item Remarks Part number Qty

1 Exhaust fan (for 240 V, 50 Hz supply only) 1810000100 1
OR
Exhaust fan (for 115 V, 60 Hz supply only) 1810000200 1
2 Flue without mounting brackets 5510000300 1

3 Flexible ducting, 1 m aluminium @ ID 150 mm 0410000400 3
4 Coupling for joints in ducting 1610000200 2
5 Ducting clamp, 2 per coupling 0810000300 4
Exhaust fan Ducting
Coupling Clamps
Coupling Clamps
Remote switch Flue
Figure 3.2. Exhaust kit components

Varian AA Systems
Figure 3.3. Dimensions for the exhaust flue supplied with the
exhaust kit
Table 3.3. Exhaust fan motor specifications
Part number 1810000100 1810000200

Voltage 240 Volts Single Phase 115 Volts Single Phase
Current 0.45 A 0.7 A
Frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz
Power input 74 W 51 W
Direction of rotation Counter-clockwise (as seen from
shaft end)
Nominal speed 1300 rpm

Varian AA Systems
Figure 3.4. Exhaust fan wiring information

Note The Varian-supplied exhaust fan must be configured to operate in
permanent split phase mode as shown in Figure 3.4.
Figure 3.5. Exhaust fan wiring information for 115 VAC, 60 Hz

motor
Note The direction of motor rotation (clockwise or counter-clockwise) is
as viewed from the shaft end of the motor. The exhaust fan rotation
is counter-clockwise (CCW) and the motor must be wired
accordingly.

Varian AA Systems

Varian AA Systems
4. Electrical Power Supplies
4.1 General
The installation of electrical power supplies must comply with the
rules and/or regulations imposed by the local authorities
responsible for the use of electrical energy in the workplace.
All Varian AA instruments are supplied with a 2 meter (6 ft 6 in.)
mains power cord terminated as indicated in Table 4.2.
All power supplies should be single phase AC, 3 wire system
(active, neutral and ground, or two actives and ground) and should
be terminated at an appropriate connection receptacle that is within
reach of the system power cable assembly. In areas where
208/220/240 volt supplies are not normally available in a single
phase configuration, supplies may be taken from two phases and
ground of a three phase system.
A separate connection receptacle should be provided for each unit
in the system (see Table 4.1). Do not use double adapters or
extension cords.
A separate mains circuit individually protected by fuses or circuit
breakers must be used for the GTA accessory. It is preferable for
the GTA and the instrument to share the same phase.
Note If the system being installed is a Zeeman system, then two
separate mains circuits individually protected by fuses or circuit
breakers must be used — one each for the instrument and the
Zeeman GTA accessory. It is preferable for the GTA and the
instrument to share the same phase but separate power supply
circuits.
Avoid using power supplies from a source that may be subject to
electrical interference from other services (large electric motors,
elevators, welders and air conditioning units etc.).

Varian AA Systems
Table 4.1. Electrical specifications for instruments
System unit Required supply voltage Rating

SpectrAA-50/55 100 VAC +10% -5% 170 VA
120, 220 or 240 VAC ±10%
230 VAC +14% -6%
230 VAC +6% -14%
50 or 60 Hz ±1 Hz
Varian AA140/240 100 VAC +10% -5% 230 VA
120, 220 or 240 VAC ±10%
230 VAC +14% -6%
230 VAC +6% -14%
50 or 60 Hz ±1 Hz
Varian AA280 100 VAC +10% -5% 230 VA
120, 220 or 240 VAC ±10%
230 VAC +14% -6%
230 VAC +6% -14%
50 or 60 Hz ±1 Hz
Zeeman version Required supply voltage Rating
Varian AA240 Zeeman 208-240 VAC ± 10 % 3500 VA**
50 or 60 Hz ± 1 Hz
Varian AA280 Zeeman 208-240 VAC ± 10 % 3500 VA**
50 or 60 Hz ± 1 Hz
GTA Accessory 208, 220 or 240 VAC ±10% 3500 VA**
GTA-110 230 VAC +14% -6%
GTA-120 230 VAC +6% -14%
50 or 60 Hz ±1 Hz
SIPS-10/20 100-240 VAC ± 10 % 55 VA
SPS3 Autosampler 100-240 VAC 75 VA
50-60 Hz ±1 Hz (SPS3)
VGA-77 100, 120, 220 or 240 VAC ±10 % 24 VA
230 VAC +14% -6%
230 VAC +6% -14%
49 – 61 Hz
ETC-60 110 –120, 220 – 240 VAC ±10 % 550 VA max.
50 or 60 Hz ±3 %

Varian AA Systems
System unit Required supply voltage Rating

UltrAA lamp control module 100, 120, 220 or 240 VAC ±10 % 150 VA
230 VAC +14% -6%,
230 VAC +6% -14%
50-60 Hz ±1 Hz
Personal computer Consult the manufacturer
(external)
PC monitor Consult the manufacturer
Printer Consult the manufacturer
**In normal operation, the Zeeman and GTA units will draw surge
currents in excess of the nominal rating. Power supplies to these
units must be isolated from other supplies to the system and
should include delayed action protection devices such as circuit
breakers or motor start fuses.
Surges in the Zeeman instrument occur in the ‘read’ cycle during
atomization and may be up to 28 amps for up to 10 seconds in any
1 to 2 minute period.
Surges in the GTA accessory depend on the choice of ramp rate
and programmed temperature and may be up to 35 amps for
approximately 1 second, reducing to about 20 amps for up to 10
seconds, perhaps repeating every 1 to 2 minutes.

Varian AA Systems
Table 4.2. Spectrometer power connections
Instrument and AA Instrument GTA-110/120, Zeeman

accessories
Plug supplied
Australia -00 10 A, 250 VAC Clipsal 439D15M
Complies with AS3112
USA -01 Complies with NEMA 5-15P Complies with NEMA L6-
30P (Hubbell #2621)
Canada –01 Complies with NEMA 5-15P 20 A, 250 VAC, Complies
with NEMA L6-20P
(Hubbell #2321+)
Europe -02 Perena 3410 (Complies with Kaiser CEBEC 616 VDE
CEE 7 Sheet VII or NFC (Complies with DIN
61.303) 49441R2)
Type of wall socket required
Australia -00 General purpose 10 A 250 V Dedicated circuit, 15 A
outlet (HPM 787, Clipsal 15) 250 V outlet
(HPM 787/15, Clipsal
15/15
USA -01 To comply with NEMA 5-15R To comply with NEMA L6-
(15 A supply) (Hubbell IG 5262) 30R (30 A supply)
(Hubbell #2626)
Canada –01 To comply with NEMA 5-15R 20 A, 250 VAC, Complies
(15 A supply) (Hubbell IG 5262) with NEMA L6-20R
(Hubbell #2326+)
Europe -02 To comply with CEE 7 standard No standard known
No.7 Sheet VII, or Norma (Kaiser CEBEC 702 type
Francais C61.303 Sheet V.A. 31/131.5)
Power supply, Between 5 and 20 A Between 30 and 40 A
current rating and
overload protection
Power supply Single phase Single phase

Varian AA Systems
5. Gas Supplies
All gas supply installations must comply with rules and/or

regulations that are imposed by the local authorities responsible for
the use of compressed gas energy in the workplace. The following
points should be considered.
5.1 Pressure Cylinder Storage

Cylinders containing gas under pressure should be firmly secured
to a rigid structure, and the storage area must be adequately
ventilated. Acetylene cylinders should always be stored and moved
in an upright position to avoid acetone saturation of the fibrous
safety disc and acetone contamination of the acetylene flow.
Acetone contamination will cause erratic analytical results and
may damage the instrument. Such damage is not covered by the
instrument warranty.
Never locate gas cylinders near a source of ignition, or in a position
that is subject to direct heat. Gas storage cylinders often
incorporate a pressure release device which will discharge the gas
at a predetermined temperature, usually around 52 °C (125 °F).
If gases are to be plumbed from a remote storage area to the
instrument site, ensure that the local outlets are fitted with stop
valves and pressure gauges which are easily accessible to the
instrument operator. Stop valves must be rapid action shut off and
should be mounted near the side of the instrument, not behind it
and never near or above the sample compartment. The gas outlets
must be provided within 1.5 meters (5 feet) of the instrument.
If a pressure regulator is used at a local outlet, it is necessary to
ensure that its input pressure is always at least 40% greater than
its output pressure under all combinations of input pressure and
gas flow. The effect of supplying multiple instruments through long
supply pipelines must be taken into consideration.

Varian AA Systems
5.2 Gas Connection Fittings

Gas fittings may vary among suppliers. If you have difficulty
obtaining the correct fittings for direct connection of gas supplies
to the spectrometer, please contact Varian, Inc. for assistance.
5.3 Permitted Gas Supplies

Only three gases are specified for use in a flame instrument. They
are air, nitrous oxide and acetylene. Varian will not install a flame
instrument where other gases may be provided for connection to it.
The GTA accessory requires an inert gas (argon or nitrogen) and
can use air or other gases as an alternate gas but does not use
nitrous oxide and acetylene.
In planning your gas reticulation scheme, please observe the
following points:
Never run rubber tubing through a wall or across a floor.
Never use rubber tubing outdoors.
Acetylene tubing must be stainless steel or black iron.
Use only refrigeration grade copper pipe for other gases
— plumbing grade has oil and grease residues.
Do not cut off the factory-fitted hose connectors. These are
needed to connect to test equipment gas-handling jigs.
Their removal will cause extra expense during service calls.
Use only 3/8 in. tube or 1/2 in. pipe to minimize pressure
drop.
Fit pressure gauges on a wall at the supply point, and
ensure that they are visible to the operator.
Place cut-off valves in a position that can be reached safely
in case of a fire.
Warning – Fire Hazard – Explosion Hazard

Fire and/or explosion hazard, which could result in death or
serious injury to personnel and damage to property. Varian AA
instruments are designed for flame operation with acetylene and
air, or acetylene and nitrous oxide, only. The use of unspecified
gases for flame operation of the spectrometer is extremely
hazardous. Use only the specified gases and ensure that the
installation complies with the relevant rules and regulations as
laid down by the appropriate authorities in your region.

Varian AA Systems
Figure 5.1. Direct gas connection
Figure 5.2. Remote storage location gas connection

Varian AA Systems
5.4 Gas Line Diameter

All gases should be supplied through gas lines with an internal
diameter no smaller than 6.4 mm.
5.5 Air Supply

Quality Clean, dry, free of oil
Permissible pressure range 245 to 455 kPa (35 to 65 psi)
Recommended pressure 350 kPa (50 psi)
Normal flow rate 13.5 to 20 L/min

serious injury to personnel and damage to property. Air enriched
with oxygen, or pure oxygen, must NEVER be used with a flame
instrument, as it will cause a flashback.
The instrument air hose is fitted with a US Standard Compressed

Air Connection, Female Union, Size 9/16 in. - 18 UNF. The hose is
1.8 meters (6 ft) long. Connection adaptors are supplied to suit
different locations as illustrated in Figure 5.3.
The air supply must be regulated to maintain the instrument
operating pressure over the full range of normal flow rates. A dual
stage regulator should be used. This is most important for
instruments with programmable flow rates because a slow
response from the regulator may cause the instrument to shut
down during a demand for increased flow. A shutdown of this kind
is safe and does not imply a fault in the instrument, but will
interrupt your work.
If you choose to use an air compressor, it must be installed in a
remote location where its intake is fed from a dry, dust and vapor
free environment. The control switch and pilot light should be
mounted close to the instrument.
Where the air supply is derived from a general purpose in-house
system or from a dedicated air compressor, a filter unit must be
installed. If your location has high humidity, the air supply should
include a dryer or condenser device.

Varian AA Systems
Figure 5.3. Air supply connection adaptors
Part number Description

0110265400 230 V 50 Hz Compressor with Air Service Unit
0110265600 115 V 60 Hz Compressor with Air Service Unit
0110209300 Air Service Unit (includes air filter, pressure
regulator and emergency air reservoir)
9810006400 Air filter maintenance kit
Figure 5.4. Gas supplies

Varian AA Systems
5.6 Nitrous Oxide Supply

Quality Instrument-grade, 99.5% pure
(minimum)
Normal flow rate 11 to 16 L/min
Note Instrument grade nitrous oxide must be used. If you choose to use
industrial grade, instrument performance is not guaranteed.
The instrument nitrous oxide hose is fitted with a US Standard
Nitrous Oxide Gas Connection, Female Union, Size 3/4 in. - 16
UNF. The hose is 1.8 meters (6 feet) long. Connection adaptors
are supplied to suit different locations as illustrated in Figure 5.5.
The nitrous oxide supply must be regulated to maintain the
instrument operating pressure over the full range of normal flow
rates. A dual stage regulator should be used. This is most
important for instruments with programmable flow rates because a
slow response from the regulator may cause the instrument to shut
Nitrous oxide is stored as a liquid. Evaporation across the regulator
may cause it to freeze at high flow rates. This can cause erratic
flame conditions and in extreme cases may cause a flashback.
You can purchase a preheater, which will prevent freezing. Your
Varian Sales and Service Office can advise you and can supply
these devices:
Region Description Part number

North America Regulator with integral 2759071000
thermostatted heater
Continental Europe Heater, for connection 5710007200
between cylinder and
regulator

Varian AA Systems
Figure 5.5. Nitrous oxide supply connection adaptors
5.7 Acetylene Supply

Quality Instrument-grade, 99.0% pure
(minimum)
Permissible pressure range 65 to 100 kPa (9.5 to 14.5 psi)
Normal flow rate 0 to 10 L/min
Packaging solvent Acetone
Figure 5.6. Acetylene supply connection adaptors

The instrument acetylene hose is fitted with a US Standard
Acetylene Gas Connection, Female Union, Size 9/16 in. - 18 UNF,
left thread. The hose is 1.8 meters (6 ft) long. Connection adapters
are supplied to suit different locations as illustrated in Figure 5.6.
The acetylene supply must be regulated to maintain the instrument
operating pressure over the full range of normal flow rates. A dual

Varian AA Systems
stage regulator should be used. This is most important for

instruments with programmable flow rates because a slow
response from the regulator may cause the instrument to shut
Acetone, the acetylene packaging solvent, can damage neoprene,
rubber and plastic components of the instrument. It can also
absorb ultraviolet light and may affect analytical performance. High
levels of acetone will reduce the flame temperature, which may
affect analytical results at many wavelengths. Acetone may be
entrained in the acetylene gas at low cylinder pressure.
Note You must replace the cylinder when its pressure falls to 700 kPa
(100 psi) to prevent acetone from being entrained in the acetylene
gas and causing damage to the instrument. Acetone may also be
entrained if the flow rate exceeds 1/7th of the cylinder contents per
hour. Your supplier can advise you on an appropriately rated
cylinder.
Instrument-grade acetylene is free of phosphorus, arsenic and
sulfur contaminants, which are residues of the acetylene
generation process (calcium carbide and water). Phosphine
content is also minimized. Phosphine contamination will depress
calcium, strontium and barium absorption signals. Broadband
emission from phosphine combustion products can interfere with
sodium and potassium analysis.
Acetylene is unstable as a free gas under pressure and it should
not be piped at pressures exceeding 105 kPa (15 psi). Explosive
acetylides can form if acetylene contacts unalloyed copper, silver
or mercury.

serious injury to personnel and damage to property. Never use
copper tubing or tubing of alloys with more than 65% copper
content. With these materials, copper acetylide could be formed
and there is the risk of spontaneous fire or explosion.
Always use stainless steel, or black iron pipe for fixed supply
lines, and test for leaks at regular intervals. The installation of
acetylene gas must comply with the rules and regulations of the
relevant local, state and federal authorities.

Varian AA Systems
5.8 Gas Supplies for Graphite Tube Atomizers

(Zeeman and non-Zeeman)
Argon, nitrogen and air are the only gases recommended for use
with a Varian GTA. Proprietary mixtures of argon or nitrogen
containing up to 5% hydrogen may be used. If your applications
require other gases, please contact your Varian Sales and Service
Office.
NORMAL gas inlet quality High purity argon, 99.99% pure

(minimum)
High purity nitrogen, 99.99%
pure (minimum)
ALTERNATE gas inlet quality High purity nitrogen, 99.99%
pure (minimum)
Air, clean, dry and free of oil
Recommended pressure range 140 kPa to 200 kPa
(20 to 30 psi)
Maximum pressure 350 kPa
(50 psi)
Normal flow rate (GTA-110) 0-3.5 L/min
Normal flow rate (GTA-120) 0-0.3 L/min for Internal flow
plus separate external flow of
0.5 L/min.
Additional Boost flow of 3.0
L/min during atomization when
programmed temperature
exceeds 400 °C.
The GTA control unit is fitted with standard barbed-tail adapters for
connection of gas supplies using reinforced plastic tubing
(supplied) of 6 mm (1/4 in.) internal diameter.
GTA gas supplies must be regulated to maintain the accessory
operating pressures over the full range of normal flow rates under
dynamic conditions. Dual stage regulators should be used.

Varian AA Systems
5.9 Gas Supplies for the Vapor Generation

Accessory
Argon and nitrogen are the only gases recommended for use with
the Varian VGA. If your applications require other gases, please
contact your Varian Sales and Service Office.
Quality High purity argon, 99.99% pure

(minimum) or High purity nitrogen,
99.99% pure (minimum)
Normal flow rate 0.05 to 0.1 L/min
The VGA is fitted with 6 mm (1/4 in.) internal diameter reinforced

plastic hose for connection to a standard 6 mm (1/4 in.) barbed-tail
connector.
VGA gas supplies must be regulated to maintain the accessory
operating pressure at its normal flow rate.
The VGA gas outlet should be fitted with a shut off valve to prevent
the loss of approximately 50 mL/min of inert gas, which continues
to flow when the VGA power is turned off.

Varian AA Systems
6. Supplementary Information
6.1 Waste Fluids

The Varian AA flame instrument only atomizes a small percentage
of the sample taken up. The excess liquids from the spraychamber
must be drained into a waste vessel. Suitable tubing is supplied
with the spectrometer for use with inorganic solvents. If you use
organic solvents, you will need different tubing, suitable for the
solvent(s) of choice. See Section 6.2.
The Varian AA instrument also needs a drain or a sump for
disposal of waste liquid during rinse cycles when flame or furnace
autosamplers are used.
A chemically inert container, not glass and not narrow-necked, to
hold approximately two litres (4 pints) of waste must be provided
by the instrument user. It should be located underneath the sample
compartment (or on the right side of the spectrometer), where it is
protected by the bench and in full view of the operator.
6.2 Special Arrangements for Use with Organic

Solvents
If organic solvents are used in a flame system, the following
special option fittings are recommended.
Item Part number

Kit, O-rings (Organics) 9910091300
Tube, butyl, 9 mm ID, 15 mm OD (1 m length) 3710011700
A suitable outlet for the liquid trap vent pipe must also be provided.
A venting tube should be connected to the vapor vent (the upper
nipple) on the liquid trap when you are analyzing organic or toxic
liquids. This tubing should be led out from the sample
compartment, parallel to the drain tubing, and MUST slope

Varian AA Systems
downwards to enable any liquid overflow to drain out and prevent

the tubing from becoming blocked. Do NOT lead the vapor tube to
the waste vessel.
Please note the following points:
The venting tube cannot be routed upwards within the
sample compartment because the heat from the flame will
melt it.
If organic vapors are vented to the exhaust system, they
may be ignited by the flame and so cause damage to the
exhaust system.
Local environmental protection laws may prohibit toxic
vapors from being discharged in to the general atmosphere
or into a working area.
If necessary, an active exhaust system should be used to
draw away toxic vapors and neutralize them. If you are not
analyzing solutions of an organic or toxic nature, leave the
vapor outlet on the spraychamber uncovered.

Varian AA Systems
7. Water Cooling System
7.1 General
The Graphite Tube Atomizer must have a supply of cooling water
to remove heat from the furnace workhead.
Required flow rate 1.5 L/min at 180 kPa (27 psi)

Maximum pressure 200 kPa (30 psi)
Recommended inlet temperature 18 to 25 °C (64 to 70 °F)
Maximum temperature 40 °C (104 °F)
Minimum temperature 10 °C (50 °F)
A suitable regulator is included in the GTA-120 control unit. It will

be adjusted, if necessary, by the customer support representative.
Pressure regulation is recommended for supplies which may
exceed the maximum permissible pressure.
The temperature of the furnace coolant is detected by an interlock
device which will stop operation if the cooling water reaches 40 °C
(104 °F). Where the ambient temperature is high or where a low
capacity water cooling system is used, you may need to include
some form of heat exchanger to maintain the recommended water
inlet temperature.
Provided that the flow rate can be maintained above 1.5 L/min and
there is no back pressure at the outlet, the cooling water supply
may be taken from an in-house domestic water system, if local
regulations permit.
An alternative is to install a small recirculating system, which
should have a tank capacity of at least 100 liters (22 Imperial
gallons). The tank should be covered to prevent contamination by
dust and other impurities and to minimize evaporation loss.
Algicide should be used. A heat exchanger may be necessary. Any

Varian AA Systems
such installation must be capable of extracting 950 W at 20 °C

derated by 17% for 50 Hz operation.
A refrigerated water cooler has the advantage of not needing a
large held volume of water. There are many types available. When
choosing a water cooler, check that the specifications meet the
requirements of the GTA.
Your local Varian office or representative may be able to supply a
suitable refrigerated water cooler for use with the Varian GTA.
Contact your local office or representative for details if required.

Varian AA Systems
8. Equipment On-site
Note The Varian customer support representative cannot start the

installation until the instrument is removed from its packing and
pallet and located on the intended workbench.
8.1 Insurance After Delivery

As the carrier’s liability ceases when the equipment is delivered,
Varian recommends that you arrange separate insurance that will
cover transportation from the delivery point to the installation site.
The delivery point will vary according to the carrier, the shipping
method, and in some cases the terms of sale. Some carriers will
only deliver to their own distribution centre, while others may
deliver to your off-loading bay. Few will deliver to the actual
installation site.
8.2 Transit Damage

Transit damage can be obvious or concealed, and in either case
will only be admitted by the carrier if it is reported as agreed in the
terms of the carrier's agreement. For any claims against damage in
transit, the following general rules apply.
1. Before accepting delivery, you should inspect the packages
for signs of obvious damage. The nature of any obvious
damage must be noted on the carrier’s way-bill, and then
must be countersigned by a representative of the carrier.
2. Within the time limits stated in the terms of conditions of
carriage, a further inspection must be made for concealed
damage. If any damage is found at this stage, the carrier
must be notified in writing and all packaging material must
be retained for subsequent inspection by a representative
of the carrier.
3. A copy of any damage report must be forwarded to the
Varian Sales Office dealing with the supply of the
equipment.

Varian AA Systems
Varian instruments are inherently robust, and the packaging is

designed to prevent internal damage when shipped or handled in
accordance with the labels and warnings. However, it must be
remembered that the contents form part of a precision measuring
system and all packages should be handled accordingly. In transit,
sharp jolts and shocks must be avoided and the packages must
not be inverted or tilted unnecessarily. Markings on the shipping
cartons generally indicate which side of the package should be
kept at the top.
Warning – Heavy Weight

Many of the packages are large and heavy. To avoid injury to
personnel, or accidental damage to the equipment, always use
two or more people when lifting equipment into position. Never
attempt to lift packages alone.
Warning – Shock Hazard

To prevent death or personnel injury from accidental contact with
high voltages within the instrument, do not remove any of the
instrument covers. Do not connect the instrument to the mains
supply.

Varian AA Systems
8.3 In-house Transit Routes

In-house transit routes must be carefully considered. Vertical,
horizontal and turning clearances should be calculated from the
shipping crate dimensions of the spectrometer, which is the largest
unit in any system arrangement.
Figure 8.1 provides an indication of the minimum turning clearance
and minimum door width required for the spectrometer in its
shipping crate.
Figure 8.1. Minimum clearance required for transportation in the

shipping crate (SpectrAA-50/55 and Varian-AA140/240/280)
Carefully check the clearance of any doors in the transit route to
the laboratory. The required turning and door clearance may need
to take into consideration any lifting device used for transporting
the instrument (e.g., fork lift, pallet truck or trolley).

Varian AA Systems

Varian AA Systems
9. Software Installation
Guidelines
The following information assumes that you are working on a clean,

empty hard disk. If you have any other files on the PC hard disk, ensure
you make backups of these before continuing.
Note Varian will not assume responsibility for loss of data files or third party
software.
9.1 Installing the Windows® Operating System

For instructions on installing the Windows® operating system, please
refer to the Windows® manuals supplied with the software. If the
customer is supplying the PC, it is their responsibility to ensure
Windows® is installed.
Varian SpectrAA BASE and PRO software requires Windows® XP
Professional (Service pack 2) to operate properly.
Varian SpectrAA CFR version software requires Windows® XP
Professional (Service pack 2).
Windows NT®, Windows® 2000, Windows® 95, Windows® 98 and
Windows® Me operating systems are no longer supported.
Note To ensure correct operation, the user installing Windows® XP must have
Administrator privileges for correct installation of Varian AA software.
9.2 Installing Varian SpectrAA Software

For instructions on installation of Varian AA software, please refer to the
operation manual supplied with the instrument.

Varian AA Systems
9.2.1 Installing Varian SpectrAA CFR software

Varian SpectrAA CFR software should be installed by the System
Administrator and the System Administrator must be on-site during
installation of the Varian AA instrument.
Note Varian SpectrAA CFR software requires either Varian SpectrAA Base or
PRO software to be installed prior to installation.
Note SpectrAA CFR software requires the file system to be NTFS and not
FAT32. This is to be set up when installing the Windows® operating
system.
Note To ensure correct operation, Windows® XP users must have
Administrator privileges for correct installation of Varian AA software.
Refer to the ‘21 CFR Part 11 Electronic Records, Electronic Signatures
Compliance’ manual and the CFR Assistant online help supplied with the
SpectrAA CFR software for details on how to use the CFR Assistant to
configure the Windows® operating system and for details on setting up
users and assigning user privileges.

Varian AA Systems
10. Operator Training
Operator confidence when using atomic absorption instrumentation

is essential to obtain accurate and reliable results. The Varian
customer support representative who installs your equipment will
demonstrate the basic operating procedures while conducting the
installation performance tests. The representative is not
necessarily experienced in more complex analytical procedures
and is not authorized to conduct extended training. The controlling
software runs under the Microsoft® XP operating systems. The
service representative will explain elementary operations but is not
authorized to conduct extended training on the Windows®
operating system.
Your operators will gain most from observing the installation and
will be more immediately productive if they have already been
trained. Varian recommends that you take advantage of special
training courses that are conducted at various locations by the
Varian Technical Support Organization.
In some locations, it may be possible to arrange for operator
training after the installation, using your own instrument. Please
contact your Varian Sales and Service Office if you would like to
arrange this.

Varian AA Systems

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Varian AA Systems

Publication no. 8510119300

Varian, Inc. – Serving Industries Worldwide

Sales and Service Contact Details

Varian, Inc. Web Site

First published in 1994. Updated 1995, 1997. 1998, 2000, 2001,

ii Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 iii

6.1 Waste Fluids 39

iv Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

This publication contains information to enable you to prepare your

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 1 of 50

Warning – Shock Hazard – Fire Hazard – Noxious Gas

For these reasons, access into the instrument is restricted. The

Panels and covers that are retained by fasteners which require

Service is to be performed only by Varian-trained, Varian-

1.1 Installation Guide

2 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

Note Installation time will increase if Qualification services (IQ/OQ) are

1.2 Recommended PC Configurations

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 3 of 50

1.3 Pre-installation Checklist

4 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

21 CFR Part 11 pre-installation requirements

Company name and address:

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1.3.1 Pre-installation Complete

Varian office card to be attached here.

1.4 ‘Warning’ and ‘Caution’ Messages

6 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

1.4.1 Warning Symbols

Corrosive chemical Electrical shock Explosion hazard

Eye hazard Fire hazard Heavy weight

Heavy weight Hot surface Magnetic field

Moving part Noxious gas Sharp object

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 7 of 50

This page is intentionally left blank.

8 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

2. Suitable Work Area

2.1 Environment Control

853 to 2133 m 10 to 25 °C 8 to 80% relative humidity

Note For optimum analytical performance, it is recommended that the

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 9 of 50

2.3 Noise Levels

10 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

2.4 Weights and Dimensions

Spectrometer system unit Width Depth Height Weight

SpectrAA-50/55 instrument only 790 mm 585 mm 575 mm 56 kg

Accessories Width Depth Height Weight

GTA-120 Graphite Tube Atomizer 240 mm 600 mm 580 mm 41 kg

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 11 of 50

Accessories continued Width Depth Height Weight

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Figure 2.1. SpectrAA-50/55 instrument dimensions

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Figure 2.2. Front view of a Varian-AA280 series instrument with GTA-120

Figure 2.3. Top view of a Varian-AA280 series instrument, GTA-120 and

14 of 50 Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010

Figure 2.4. Side view of the Varian-AA280 with PSD-120

Figure 2.5. Front of a Varian-AA140/240 series instrument with

Publication no. 8510119300, Issue 10, July 2010 15 of 50

Figure 2.6. Top view of a Varian-AA140/240 series instrument with

Figure 2.7. Side view of a Varian-AA140/240 with PSD-120