BIOLOGY RESUME

TRANSCRIPTIOMICS AND ABIOTIC STRESS IN PLANTS

Comprehensive Analysis of Hevea brasiliensis latex using an Integrative Approach
By : Dr Pascal Montoro

Syafa Arum Afsari

18/423131/PA/18214

On this resume, the speaker was talked about the comprehensive analysis of Hevea
brasiliensis latex using an integrative approach, the gene, genomic, screening and the stress
of the plants.

Hevea Brasiliensis or rubber tree is the subject of this lecture. It is known that the
stress of Hevea Brasiliensis can be caused by many factors, such as leaf diseases, root
diseases, psychological syndrome and global changes. Leaf diseases that may be the cause of
a plant stress is SALB (microcyclus), CLFD (crynespara). The example of root disease is
WRD or Rigdoporus Lignasus). Psychological syndrome that may cause the plant stress is
Tapping Panel Dryness. TPD is A Physiological Syndrome Induced by Combinational
Stress. One of the most serious threats to natiral rubber production that causes 12-20% annual
rubber production losses (Okoma et al., 2011)

The latex harvesting can be done by tapping & ethepon stimulatiom. The process of it
is ethepon (2-chloroethyl-1-phosponic acid)  in situ latex regeneration  latex low 
reproduction. Ethylene response factors are controlled by multiple harvesting stresses and
associated with TPP in Hevea brasiliensis latex.

Environmental stress divide into four points which is:

 Biotic
 Abiotic (drought, cold)
 Soil (nutrition)
 Planting density and design
The opitimizing of harvesting system can reduce the stress of the environmental. Both biotic
and abiotic stresses affect crop plants and severely reduce their yield.
 The genetic determision of latex productions divide into two points which is collect
the genormics information database and study the variability of candidate genes in
germplasm collections. The regulation of genome expression are:
1. Genome
2. Epigenome
3. Transcriptome
4. Proteome
5. Fluxome
6. Metabolome
7. Phenome
For the global approach it almost same with the regulation of the genome expression but the
only four points for global approach which is:
1) Genomic
2) Transcriptiomics
3) Proteomics
4) Metabolomics
Beside that, the process of approaching also have the target. The target approach are:
1. Candidate gene near by the environment
2. Protein or DNA interaction
3. Phenotyping
The small RNAs become an important regulations production of plants. The strategy process
to get the target gene is start from the genome then become the methylome, after being a
methylome the last process of it can get the target gene/siRNA.

Beside the process to get the target gene, the genome can produce the degradome
which is the process starting from the genome too. First of all, the genome is break into two
processes which is transcriptome and micro-transcriptome and the process by the last step
which is got the degradome through transcriptome and micro-transcriptome processes.
The gene expressions analysis can improved by post-transcriptional analysis.

There are six tools for integrative analysis:

1. Bioinformatic Pipelines
2. Transciptiomics Tools
 - Mixomics
- KEGG pathways
- Blas2GO
3. Metabolomics Tools
- XCMS
- Mixomics
4. Visualization Tools
- Bingo
- Enrichment map
- Mapman
- Revigo
- String
5. Network Analysis
- Diablo
- Cytoscape
- WGCNA
6. Data Integration

The candidate genes have a several funtions analysis, there are:

 Identification of target and candidate genes
 Prediction of gene functionally
 Brochemical and molecular analysis of CG function
 Determination of candidate gene function

Varietal types of screening:

 Juvenne budwood garden
 Plant material propagation
 Screening various carietal types