Types of curves

Current(Ir) standard Inverse(t) Very inverse(t) Extremely Inverse(t)

1 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
1.2 38.3237471759 67.5 181.8181818182
1.4 20.734172394 33.75 83.3333333333
1.6 14.823611684 22.5 51.2820512821
1.8 11.839219846 16.875 35.7142857143
2 10.02902702 13.5 26.6666666667
3 6.3019309272 6.75 10
4 4.9797561077 4.5 5.3333333333
5 4.2797200709 3.375 3.3333333333
6 3.8371924541 2.7 2.2857142857
7 3.5277424308 2.25 1.6666666667
8 3.2967736178 1.9285714286 1.2698412698
9 3.1163499624 1.6875 1
10 2.9705986242 1.5 0.8080808081
20 2.2673563672 0.7105263158 0.2005012531
30 1.9888922781 0.4655172414 0.0889877642
40 1.8284558752 0.3461538462 0.0500312695
50 1.7202682427 0.2755102041 0.0320128051
60 1.640630597 0.2288135593 0.0222283968
70 1.5786333852 0.1956521739 0.0163298632
80 1.5284567219 0.1708860759 0.0125019534
90 1.4866711652 0.1516853933 0.0098777627
100 1.4511050745 0.1363636364 0.0080008001
200 1.2524102035 0.067839196 0.00200005
300 1.1585863723 0.0451505017 0.0008888988
400 1.0997263764 0.0338345865 0.0005000031
500 1.0578280495 0.0270541082 0.0003200013
600 1.0257671789 0.0225375626 0.0002222228
700 1.0000541992 0.0193133047 0.0001632656
800 0.9787405186 0.0168961202 0.0001250002
900 0.9606360993 0.0150166852 9.8765554031548E-05
1000 0.9449650882 0.0135135135 8.000008000008E-05
2000 0.8527161357 0.0067533767 0.00002
4000 0.7759129426 0.003375844 0.000005
6000 0.7366714443 0.0022503751 2.2222222839506E-06
8000 0.7109816859 0.001687711 0.00000125
10000 0.6921632084 0.001350135 0.0000008
Long time inverse TMS setting 1 1
#DIV/0! TMS setting 2

1000
Standard Curves

120
Standard Inv
60
Very Inv
40
100 Extreml y Inv
30
24
20
17.1428571429
15
13.3333333333
Time

10
6.3157894737
4.1379310345
3.0769230769
2.4489795918
2.0338983051
1.7391304348 1
1.5189873418
1.3483146067
1.2121212121
0.6030150754
0.4013377926
0.1
0.3007518797 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
0.2404809619 Current
0.2003338898
0.1716738197
0.1501877347
0.1334816463
0.1201201201
0.060030015
0.0300075019
0.0200033339
0.0150018752
0.0120012001
 Standard Inv
Very Inv
Extreml y Inv

I measured current Ansi has time dial

Is Relay Setting current IEC has TMS
TMS Time Multiplier settings
TD Time Dial

Ir I/Is

15 17 19
Current setting curve A 100
Current setting curve B 130
Rated Current 100
TMS setting 1 1
TMS setting 2 1.3

Relay 1
Measured current/rated current(I) Relay 1 setting current(Is) Current(Ir)
100 100 1
120 100 1.2
140 100 1.4
160 100 1.6
180 100 1.8
200 100 2
300 100 3
400 100 4
500 100 5
600 100 6
700 100 7
800 100 8
900 100 9
1000 100 10
2000 100 20
3000 100 30
4000 100 40
5000 100 50
6000 100 60
7000 100 70
8000 100 80
9000 100 90
10000 100 100
20000 100 200
30000 100 300
40000 100 400
50000 100 500
60000 100 600
70000 100 700
80000 100 800
90000 100 900
100000 100 1000
200000 100 2000
400000 100 4000
600000 100 6000
800000 100 8000
1000000 100 10000
 200
Curve 1 (blue) Relay 2 Curve 2 (orange)
standard Inverse(t) Relay 1 setting current(Is) Current(Ir) standard Inverse(t)
#DIV/0! 130 0.76923077 -34.7756812328
38.3237471759 130 0.92307692 -113.7803317068 20
20.734172394 130 1.07692308 122.7028290772

Time
14.823611684 130 1.23076923 43.7350494953
11.839219846 130 1.38461538 27.8727545256
2
10.02902702 130 1.53846154 21.0334595613
6.3019309272 130 2.30769231 10.7911926748
4.9797561077 130 3.07692308 8.0059298716
4.2797200709 130 3.84615385 6.6647927794 0.2
3.8371924541 130 4.61538462 5.8595283346 1

3.5277424308 130 5.38461538 5.3147687485

3.2967736178 130 6.15384615 4.9175935414
3.1163499624 130 6.92307692 4.6127687917
2.9705986242 130 7.69230769 4.3699203391
2.2673563672 130 15.3846154 3.2390551376
1.9888922781 130 23.0769231 2.8091186067
1.8284558752 130 30.7692308 2.5657987171
1.7202682427 130 38.4615385 2.4034907703
1.640630597 130 46.1538462 2.284913503
1.5786333852 130 53.8461538 2.1931244497
1.5284567219 130 61.5384615 2.1191683723
1.4866711652 130 69.2307692 2.0578054977
1.4511050745 130 76.9230769 2.0057366032
1.2524102035 130 153.846154 1.7175338164
1.1585863723 130 230.769231 1.583008371
1.0997263764 130 307.692308 1.4991194879
1.0578280495 130 384.615385 1.4396403057
1.0257671789 130 461.538462 1.3942580203
1.0000541992 130 538.461538 1.3579433054
0.9787405186 130 615.384615 1.3278969946
0.9606360993 130 692.307692 1.3024140638
0.9449650882 130 769.230769 1.2803853118
0.8527161357 130 1538.46154 1.1512542
0.7759129426 130 3076.92308 1.0444477399
0.7366714443 130 4615.38462 0.9901212523
0.7109816859 130 6153.84615 0.9546451496
0.6921632084 130 7692.30769 0.9287025235
 Each of the two methods described so far has a fundamental
disadvantage. In the case of discrimination by time alone, the
disadvantage is due to the fact that the more severe faults are cleared
in the longest operating time. On the other hand,discrimination by
current can be applied only where there is appreciable impedance
between the two circuit breakers concerned.

200

20
Time

Rel ay A (operating Ti me)

2 Rel ay B operating time

0.2
1 200
Current

It is because of the limitations imposed by the independent use of

either time or current co-ordination that the inverse time overcurrent
relay characteristic has evolved. With this characteristic, the time of
operation is inversely proportional to the fault current level and the
actual characteristic is a function of both ‘time’ and 'current' settings.
Figure 9.3 shows the characteristics of two relays given different
current/time settings. For a large variation in fault current between the
two ends of the feeder, faster operating times can be achieved by the
relays nearest to the source, where the fault level is the
highest. The disadvantages of grading by time or current aloneare
overcome
I measured current Ansi has time dial
Is Relay Setting current IEC has TMS
TMS Time Multiplier settings
TD Time Dial

Ir I/Is
Ansi has time dial
EC has TMS