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Before I start let me tell you guys, I have written this article like a story so that you all can
enjoy reading this article and don’t get bored. So let’s start.
1.Jupiter planet
Guys in our solar system, as you all know
currently we have 8 planets in our solar
system. And among these planets, Jupiter
planet is the bigger planet than all other
planets. We also call it a Gas giant.
Besides this, it is the 5th planet from Sun
and the 2nd from our Earth.
2.Because it is so bigger that it can be seen in the sky in the night with our eyes easily
and it is sometimes seen in the day time, but on just one condition, Sun should be below
Earth or sun should be behind Jupiter, only then we can see it.
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3.The planet was named by Roman people. Roman is the main deities of Mythology.
Romans consider Roman deity to be a symbol of happiness and joy. And they believe
that Jupiter is also a symbol of happiness for us.
4.And ancient people, that is, astrologers named it Zobian, Which later changed to
Jupiter. So it was a matter of naming it. So now let’s talk about its distance and rotation.
2.If we talk about the minimum distance from the sun than this is 74 crore, 2 Lacs, 6
thousand and 600 km.
3.And if we talk about maximum distance than this is 81 crore, 60 Lacs, 81 thousand
and 400 km.
2.And because of moving so fast, this planet has become thicker in the middle. And has
become smaller from the lower and upper portion. If we talk about revolving Sun, then it
completes one round of Sun in 4328.9 days, which means in 11.86 years it completes
one rotation.
3. According to this, one year of Jupiter is equal to 12 years of the earth. And if we talk
about an interesting fact then Jupiter takes 5 rounds of sun and Saturn takes 2
rounds of the sun at the same time.
4.Or we can say that there is a rotation ratio between these two planets is of 5 ratios
2(5:2). And if we talk about another interesting fact, in Hindu beliefs, Jupiter is the
master of deity and son of Saturn.And is the emperor of the Olympus and protector of
the Roman Empire.
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1.So friends, we humans are eager to know everything deeply. And because of this
eagerness, Scientist wants to know the Planet Jupiter closely. And in the year 1610,
scientists got this success. That is, scientist Galileo saw Jupiter Planet in the year of 1610s
by telescope.
2.Galileo also discovered four of its largest satellites along with Jupiter Planet. You will
be surprised to know that these satellites had been discovered before Galileo.
3.Yes, Friends Chinese astronomy historian has claimed that a Chinese astronomer, Gan-
De, discovered one of the Jupiter Planet moons 342 ISA ago, without the help of a
telescope. Now no one knows how much it is true and how much lies.
4.And if this is true then it was discovered 2 centuries before the discovery of Galileo.
But today, the discovery of these planets and satellites is credited to Galileo. And these
four satellites Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are called Galilean satellites.
8.Galilean satellites
1.These Galileans are the first satellites discovered after the moon of Earth. And the
Ganymede satellite is so big that even the planet Mercury is smaller in front of it.
2.Galileo looked at the Jupiter Planet from the telescope for many years in search of
more planets and satellites. And this was the time when the Earth was believed to be
situated in the center of the universe.
3.And it was also believed that all planets and satellites and the Sun also revolve around
the Earth.
4. Galileo found that the satellites of the Jupiter are moving continuously and after a few
months, they stop appearing. And this can happen only when the Jupiter satellites are
orbiting the Jupiter and not the earth.
5.And this proved that these satellites are orbiting the Jupiter. And this also proved that
all the planets and satellites are not orbiting the earth.
6.And when Galileo placed this matter in front of the people, he had to take an apology
from the people.
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7.Because people had refused to believe this and they used to say that the Earth planet
is our god and everyone is its disciple, so why would the earth revolve around them?
8.But Galileo also stood by this point. But they could not resist Christianity And he had to
take an apology from everyone as a punishment.
9. And after that a lot of scientists proved it but everyone got punished and one scientist
was hanged on the cross. And then after that, he gave a new law and that was Surya’s
central principle. That means the Sun is in the center and all the planets are orbiting the
Sun. So that is how it was discovered.
10.Pioneer 10
1.Friends, this process started in 1972
when our scientists sent Pioneer 10 for
Jupiter Planet from the earth. Let me
tell you that Pioneer 10 is a spacecraft.
Who flew from Earth to Jupiter on 2
March 1972. And the happy thing is
that despite being the first spacecraft,
it reached 1,30,000 km near Jupiter
Planet.
2.After it went away from the earth 34000 kilometers, there was some technical problem
in it, but after fixing this fault, this spacecraft was released on December 4, 1974.
3.And both spacecraft succeeded in living in the radiated area of the Jupiter.
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4.You will be surprised to know
that the photos taken by these two
spacecraft revealed that there was
a huge red spot on the surface of
Jupiter Planet and the journey of
these two spacecraft ends here.
They could not give more
information than this.
12.Voyager mission
1.About five to six years later, that is,
another spacecraft was released on
March 4, 1979. It was named the
voyager mission, and this spacecraft
reached 3,49,000 kilometers away
from the earth, it broke the record of
Pioneer 10.
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4.So let me tell you that its construction is made by Adrastea and Matris moons
colliding with the Jupiter. These two moons were pulled by Jupiter’s gravity. And the
direction of rotation of these rings is also towards the direction of Jupiter.
5.Friends, as I have told you, the photos taken from Pioneer 10 and 11 revealed that
Jupiter had a very big red spot on the surface of the planet.
6.But the photos taken by the spacecraft voyager showed that the color of red spots
has changed in these five years after the pioneer mission.
7.And now this color was moving towards dark brown color and after studying more
deeply it was found that its moon IO was passing over its surface. And there were
volcanoes on it. On which the volcanic eruption was going on.
8.And these volcanoes were visible as red spots. And here the voyager mission comes to
an end.
4.As the Galileo spacecraft burned to ashes as it entered Jupiter’s gravity area. Friends,
now the next mission is prepared for Jupiter.
15.Ulysses Mission
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1.Friends, let me tell you here that
the first Ulysses was sent during
the voyager mission. But it did not
succeed and the second Ulysses
was sent on 4th February 2004
towards Jupiter. And this space
spacecraft studied the
magnetosphere of Jupiter.
16.Jupiter Magnetosphere
3.Which produces torus by emitting sulfur dioxide gas and torus enters the atmosphere
of the Jupiter and produces a very large magnetic field consisting of hydrogen ions.
4. This Ulysses spacecraft had reached far away from the Earth, about 120 million
kilometers. Then in the year 2000, the Cassini spacecraft flew to reach Saturn and
captured the pictures of the Himalayan moon.
5.And then finally the new Horizon spacecraft flew with the help of Gravity to go to the
planet Pluto, and this spacecraft captured the volcano on the IO satellite in the camera.
And studied all four Galileo Satellites in detail. And here these missions are over.
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2.Friends, you will be surprised to know that there is no surface on Jupiter Planet. So we
calculate the base of the atmosphere by the temperature of the atmosphere.
3.And the base of the atmosphere of the Jupiter is considered to be that point, where the
pressure of the atmosphere is 20 times more than the pressure of the surface of the
earth.
3.And apart from this, there are also signs of Jupiter having methane, water vapor,
ammonia, silicon, carbon, ethane, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur in the atmosphere.
4.When scientists investigated this planet through the infrared paragonics, they also
found the number of hydrocarbons. Friends, if we cut 10 lakh pieces of Jupiter, or divide
it into one million parts, then the amount of neon in its twenty parts per million will be
present.
5.And it is an interesting fact that the same proportion occurs in the sun also. Friends,
apart from this, the structure of Jupiter is considered similar to Saturn Planet based on
spectroscopy.
19.Mass of Jupiter
1.The mass of Jupiter is 2.5 times the combined mass of all planets in our solar system.
And if compare with the earth, it is 318 times bigger than the earth and its mass is one-
thousandth of the mass of the sun i.e. its mass in front of the sun is almost none.
2.The mass of the Jupiter is 1.898 × 10 ^ 27 kg which means 18 lakh 49 thousand 130
lakh trillion kilograms. And in short, it is written as 1.898E27.
20.Jupiter rotation
1.Its elliptical orbit is tilted 1.31 degrees compared to Earth. Its decentralized value is
0.048. But its axis tilt is very low, only 3.13 degrees. And being so low, no significant
seasonal changes like Earth and Mars are experienced on this planet.
2.Meaning there is no weather on it. The value of Jupiter is 23.12 meters per second
squared. And its rotation speed is divided into three parts which are respectively
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system first, system second and system third.
3.The system first has the shortest rotation period of 9 hours 50 minutes and 30
seconds and system second doesn’t depend upon rotation and system third has 9
hours 55 minutes 40.6 seconds is the maximum rotation period.
2.There is a small amount of water in the atmosphere, so we know that on the planet,
Jupiter contains methane ammonia hydrogen.
3. With the experiment done in 1953, It has been proved that life can be started by
combining electric and chemical compounds on Jupiter with the chemical elements of
Jupiter. But because of the lack of oxygen and water in the liquid state on Jupiter, it is
impossible to imagine life there.
4.But the presence of underground oceans on some of Jupiter’s moons gave rise to a
greater chance of life.
2.Despite being much larger than the earth, it has less dense than the earth. The radius
of the Jupiter is 1 / 10th of the radius of the Sun.
3.If we talk about the value of the radius of the Jupiter, it is 69,911 + -6 km. That is, due
to spreading and shrinking, there is a difference of 6 km in its radius.
The size of the Jupiter is so large that it can contain about 1300 earth.
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2. Jupiter’s moon Ganymede is the largest moon in our entire solar system. And Jupiter
has about 64 moons, before the discovery of new satellites.
3. Out of this, an underground sea is present on the Ganymede. In which there is more
water than the whole earth.
4. Jupiter has a huge crater on the planet. From which flames come out. The red spot
found on Jupiter is a very big storm. This crater can contain about three earth. And it has
been on the surface of Jupiter for 300 years.
1. Friends, Jupiter’s moons are arranged in groups of four based on the similarity of their
orbital elements before the discovery of the voyager mission.
2. And mainly they are divided into 2 parts. Regular moons and irregular moons. The
regular moon is also divided into two parts, the inner group, and the Galilean group.
3. The inner group of moons consists of four moons. And the diameter of these four
moons is less than 200 kilometers. And the axis radius of all four is less than 2 lakh
kilometers and axis tilt is less than 1/2 degree.
4. Four moons come in the Galilean moon. And the second is the irregular moon, it
divides into six parts. The first of which is Callisto, it is the only moon of its group whose
orbit is between Galilean moons and Himalayan group.
5. The second is the Himalayan group. All these moons revolve around this planet from
a distance of 1 crore 10 lakhs kilometers to 1 crore 20 lakhs kilometers.
6. The third is carpons. The moons of this group are present on the inner surface.
Fourth is the Anake group. The average distance of these moon moons is 20 million 12
lakh 46 thousand kilometers. And the average tilt is 149 degrees.
7. Then there is the Carme Group and the Pacifier Group. These groups include the outer
moons.
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