Our Life Root Cause?

The New Verified Cosmology by Prof.-Dr.
Benjamin Gal-Or, ISSUUE & TWITTER Publications
OUR LIFE
ROOT
CAUSE? Prof.-Dr. Benjamin
Gal-Or, 1(+)M book
Citat. in Google
Galactic &
Organized
Stellar "Winds"
Entering all dark-cold
Cosmic Voids as Thermo
Sinks, expand ALL, and thus
Compact galaxies into Clusters,
Push voids apart from each other,
Causing: gradients, stellar evolution,
Supernova explosion, our solar system.
Verified facts rejecting no-science, no show,
Fantasies by fake scientists fooling the layman.
1
The New Verified Cosmology by Prof.-Dr. Benjamin Gal-Or, ISSUUE & TWITTER Publications
Published Reviews & Comments

on GRAVITISM, VOL. I, CPP book, (Contents below)

"Gal-Or launches a new spirit of inquiry by his excellent and thought provoking
writings. I would recommend awarding a prize and would hope that this would
serve to focus attention on a most important subject.”
Gold Award by N.Y. Academy of Science

"This is a great book, and an exciting book; readable, worth reading and
enlightening." Sir Karl Popper, the Greatest Philosopher of Science
"Evokes a person heart !!

Has generated a large number of responses from around the world,
some declaring that it has turned them into “Gal-Orians”.
Since the thought presented by this book is so rich, translators of our country
should recommend this book with all their intellectual power."
Chinese Academy of Sciences

"A Master Piece. The well-known author bases his philosophy on a very sound
knowledge of present-day scientific theories. " Indian Journal of Physics

"I do not know a better modern expression of science, philosophy and classical
humanism than that of Gal-Or’s book." Ha-Aretz NEW Daily

"We are all Gal-Orians ! " Editor, Foundations of Physics

2
"Gal-Or’s “beauty” has always been the object of science, which, he lyrically
observes as “a most fundamental aesthetic frame of mind,
a longing for the run-away horizons of truth and symmetry
that we always try to reach.”
Order Amidst Chaos, Enlightenment Aesthetics

Recommended by Encyclopedia Britannica, "Nature, Philosophy of"

"This is one of the most beautiful books that I have read."
Outstanding Books List

"Tour de force. A magnificent and sustained piece of work!
Gal-Or’s net is widely cast – it reaches as far as science policy and political
philosophy." A. Cottrell, V. Chancellor, Cambridge University

"Appeals to scientists of all disciplines who are prepared to open their minds.
Shines a welcome light in some dark corners of science.
Sir Karl Popper, in a Foreword, correctly describes it “a great book”.
The New Scientist Magazine

"The works of scientists like Gal-Or, Bohm, and (Noble Prize-Winner) Prigogine
provide important resources. Prigogine's formalisms do not really tell us how
irreversible change emerges from reversible [mathematics]. (in this Gal-Or is
superior)." The Crisis of the Sciences

3
“I have in the meantime studied your book, with great interest, and
made pages of notes on it.
I feel as if I had been on numerous walks and talks with you on the
great questions, and know that would be great to go on with them!
Who cannot be impressed by your love for the great men of all times
and all countries, by your phrase “working back and forth between theory and
fact”, by your belief that philosophy is too important to be left to the
philosophers, by your concern for where thought and language lie in the scheme
of things – and by so much more!
I continue to reflect, again and again, on your central thesis that
expansion is the origin of all asymmetry in time.
What an ingenious phrase is your,
“smuggle irreversibility in without declaring the contraband”!
I regard your book as seeking to accomplish two tasks – and being two
books – at the very least One is the exposition of your central thesis, with clarity,
and careful mustering of every argument pro and con that can lead to testable
consequences.
I don’t see how it is possible to do proper justice to a thesis of such
importance by mixing it in with the other great task.
That is to give students an appreciation of the unity of philosophy and
modern physics. You do both tasks far better than I could hope to.
I give you my personal thanks for putting the two books into a pacackage
that I personally have found most thought-provoking.”
Prof. John Wheeler, Inst. of Advanced Studies, Princeton University
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS:
“Gal-Or's remarkable book sees and seizes the world whole.
4
He emphasizes that all scientists operate under some set of philosophical

prejudices, and that failure to acknowledge this is self-delusion.
Furthermore, he argues that a failure to attend to the philosophical base of

physics leads to an empty scientism.
His work is challenging on many levels, constituting a review 'with

derivations' of general relativity 'as applied to
cosmology', thermodynamics, the current state of theoretical particle physics,
astrophysics, as well as a summary history of western philosophy, 'especially
the philosophies of time and mind' and critiques of western society, the
intelligentsia and the relationship between academic science and government.
One 'and perhaps the central' theme explored, is that of the interplay
between symmetry and asymmetry.
His primary interest is not in the recent progress in the unification of forces
in gauge theory, although he finds support in it for his Einsteinian outlook, but
is rather time, time's arrow, and the asymmetry between past and future.
Around time are accumulated discussions, both mathematical and
philosophical, of thermodynamic reversibility, time reversibility, the nature of
causality, and the use of advanced and retarded solutions to wave equations.
The second major theme is that of gravity and its overwhelming

domination of the actual form of the universe, at all scales.

The combination of these themes is not accidental; they are point and
counterpoint to his thesis that the time asymmetries are connectable to and
perhaps even determined by the master asymmetry given by the gravity of
general relativity: the remorseless cosmological expansion.
5
He argues that only the expansion can provide the unification of time
asymmetries.
The expansion provides, among other things, an unsaturable sink (aka
"radiation cemetery"), which, in turn, permits the establishment of gradients
in temperature and density, which provide the basis for the physical process
that leads to life.
He also criticizes the sloppy and improper use of the concepts of entropy
'and the related notions in information theory' and quantum indeterminism,
especially as covers for an inadequate understanding of temporal
asymmetries.
Taking an Einsteinian position on the interpretation of quantum
mechanics, he looks forward to revitalization of Einstein's quest for a
deterministic interpretation of quantum events.
The value of this book lies in the challenging combination of ideas, which
Gal-Or presents, which goes far beyond what can be sensibly described in a
review.
[This] work may be too large to digest as a text in these days of the
decline of academic institutions "as Gal-Or describes them", but that will be
the loss of both the faculty and the students.”
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS:
"Einstein's time-symmetric tensor was elevated by Gal-Or’s “New

Astronomical School of Unified Thermodynamics” to the status of the source
of “Master Asymmetry” controlling not only irreversible thermodynamics, but
all physical and biological phenomena!
Gal-Or calls “GRAVITISM” (his philosophy) that gravitation is the prime
cause of structures, irreversibility, time, geo-chemical and biological evolution
-- that the expansion of the universe is the cause of the second law of
6
thermodynamics -- that microscopic physics, and thermodynamics in

particular, cannot be understood without reference to cosmology.
He ties “irreversibility” to the “expansion of space itself”, i.e. as far as space is
expanding, the contribution of all kinds of radiation in space is weakened
“irreversibly” due to the expansion phenomenon itself.
Such loss, or “degradation” of energy in the depth of inter-cluster
expanding space, may then be considered as a universal sink for all the
radiation flowing out of the material bodies in the expanding universe.”
Advancement of Physics
________

GRAVITISM
Cosmology, Physics and Philosophy
BOOK CONTENTS
Preface
SIR KARL POPPER, Foreword ……………….………..……..… xx
SIR ALAN COTTRELL, Foreword ………………….……......... xxi
Preface ……………………………………..….……….…..….... xxii
7
Introduction
1.1 The Revival of Relativistic Cosmology vs. Modified
Concepts and Order in Physics and Philosophy
1.1.1 Science Order: Cosmology to Quantum or in Reverse?... 3

1.1.2 How did all start? v. Science teaching of that Order….....5
1.1.3 The first seven stages v. tradition ……….....…............... 7
1.1.4 The present matter-dominated era by Astronomy........... 11
2.1 The Einsteinian Methodology: A Preliminary Remark ..... 11
From Terrestrial Gravitational Structures

to Black Holes and Neutrinos in Astrophysics
1.1 Gravitation, Asymmetry and Structure of Earth v. Cosmos ...80

A fallacy associated with current Education ...………...........80
1.1.2 Gravity-induced sedimentary structures …………............. 81
1.2 Stars and the Hertzsprung-Russel Central Diagram ……….. 88
1.3 Supernova, Gravitational Collapse,
Neutron Stars, Pulsars …………………………………….......…92
1.4 X-Ray Astronomy, Binary X-Ray Systems, and...
Gravitational Clocks ……………………………………......... . 100
1.5 Black Holes …………………….…………………….….… 106
1.6 Gas, Dust and the Formation of Stars in Our Galaxy ............113
1.7 How Are Cosmic Distances Measured? ……………….….. 116
1.8 Neutrino Astronomy and Astrophysics ………………….... 130
1.9 The Emergence of Gamma-Ray Astronomy ………….…... 132
1.10 Exploration of Extra-Solar Space
by Unmanned Spacecraft ……………………….………..…… 134
8
From Old Physics

to Particle Physics-I
2.1 Aim and Scope ……………………………………………. 138

2.2 Limitations of Theory ……………………………….….… 140
2.3 The General Macroscopic Equation ………………….….... 142
2.4 Continuity Equation (Total Mass Conservation) ………..... 146
2.5 Conservation of Linear Momentum and Gravity.…………. 147
2.6 The Navier-Stokes Equations and Gravity ……………….. 149
2.7 Kinetic-Energy Equation and
Dissipation Function in Gravitational Fields ……………......... 152
2.8 First Law of Thermodynamics or Energy
Conservation Equation ………………………………….......… 154
2.9 First Law and Enthalpy ………………………………….... 156
2.10 First Law In Terms of Temperature Field …………….…. 157
2.11 Entropy Balance Equation ……………………………….. 159
2.12 Beyond Classical Physics:...............…………………...…. 160
2.13 Neutrinos and the Powerful Role Conservation
Equations Play in Subatomic Processes (Addendum) …...…… 163
General Relativity and Relativistic Cosmology

Should Rule Particle-Quantum Physics,
Not the Other Way, Not by Quantum Axioms
3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………....... 167

3.1.1 Einstein’s field equations in general relativity ………..…….… 169
3.1.2 Confirmation of Einstein’s Theory of Gravitation …………..... 172
3.2 Principles and Formulations of General Relativity and
Relativistic Cosmology ………………...……….………………....... 191
3.3 Observations, The “Age” of the Universe.
And “Equivalent Local Cells” …………………….……….….......... 200
3.4 Timekeeping, Accelerated Observers and the
Principle of Equivalence ………………………….……………........ 204
3.5 From General Relativity to Unified Field Theories ………….…. 205
9
From Physics to Philosophical Crossroads and Back

The Arrows of Time
4.1 Time and The Arrow of Time: The Most Distorted of All Ideas? ..215
4.2 Asymmetry-Symmetry-Space-Time and
The Unification of the Laws of Physics …………………….............. 216
4.3 Methodology, Aim and Scope ………………………………....... 217
4.4 Confusing Concepts of Time and Time Asymmetries ………...... 219
4.5 The Entropic Arrow of Time ……………………………….....… 222
4.6 Causality, Causation and Time Asymmetries ………………........ 226
4.7 Causation and Determinism in Relativistic Theories ……..............227
4.8 Cosmological Arrows of Time and Cosmic Time ……….…….... 230
4.9 A Few Concluding Remarks ………………….……...………...... 232
4.10 Time-Reversal Invariance and Irreversibility …………….……. 236
4.10 Microscopic Time Asymmetries in “Elementary Particles” … .. 240
4.11 Death of Scale-Based Physics….......….………….……….......... 242
4.12 “Dual” Quantum-Geometrodynamical School and “Superspace” 243
4.13 Tachyons and Causal Violations …………………….………. ....246
4.14 Macrocausality and Microcausality in Quantum Mechanics …... 247
4.15 Fading Memory in Classical Physics …………………………... 247
4.16 Doubts as to the Universality of Entropy ……………………..... 249
4.17 Entropy-Free Thermodynamic Arrows of Time ………….…... . 250
Crisis in the Standard Quantum Model

Gravitation & Cosmology v. Quantum Model
5.1 Preliminary Review …………………………………….……...... 255

5.1.1 The three main schools of thought ……………………............. 261
5.2 Einstein’s Objections to the Uncertainty Principle ………........... 262
5.3 The Heresy of a Few Skeptics ………………………….…......... 265
5.4 Mythologized Concepts of Quantum Physics …………...…....... 265
5.5 The Failure of Classical and Quantal Statistical
Mechanics to Deduce Irreversibility and Time Asymmetries .............267
5.6 The Emergence of Quantum Chromodynamics
and Super-Symmetry …………………………………….................. 272
5.6.1 Spatio-Temporal Approach to Quantum Physics ……….......... 272
5.6.2 From Weinberg-Salam Theory to
Quantum Chromodynamics ………………………............................ 273
10
5.6.2.1 Conservation laws as symmetry principles; and vice versa ... 273
5.6.2.2 Global, exact, approximate, isotopic and SU(3) symmetries 274
5.6.2.3 From SU(3) to renormalizable gauge theories ……............... 276
5.6.2.4 Quark confinement asymptotic freedom in gauge theories 276-1
5.6.2.5 QCD and the search for higher symmetry principles ……... 276-2
5.6.3 Quantum Field Theories, Super-Symmetry & Super-Gravity... 276-3
5.6.3.1 Limits of quantum gravity and ‘Unified Field Theories’ .......276-4
From Physics to Cosmological Crossroads and Back

Assessed by Physics and Philosophy
6.1 FIRST: Reduction of Thermodynamics to Gravitation ...,... 277

6.1.1 Intergalactic voids rule 2 Expansions of the Universe....,..277
6.1.2 Gravitation as super-structuring of matter and All Life.....279
6.2 The Earliest Observational Evidence. .…...………...........279
6.2.1 Which space expands and which does not? …...….......... 282
6.3 Gravitation-Asymmetry Principle of Equivalence …….......284
6.4 Can Inter-cluster Voids Be Saturated with Radiation? .........287
6.5 Derivation of the Master Asymmetry from
our Gravitational School of Intergalactic Voids v. life........ 290
6.6 Irreversibility in the New Gravitational.
Cosmological Thermodynamics ………………................. 293
6.7 Origin of Dissipation in Newtonian Fluids ……..….......… 297
6.8 Terrestrial Thermodynamics ……………………..……..... 299
6.9 Connections with Classical and Continuum
Thermodynamics …………………………..…..…........... 301
6.10 Electromagnetic Irreversibility v. Master Asymmetry..... 303
The Cosmological Base of Time Arrow
7.1 Time: The All-Embracing Concept …………………................. 309

7.2 Cosmological Origin of Time ……………………….................. 310
7.3 Cosmological Interpretations of Newton’s Laws of Motion …... 314
7.4 Gravitational Origin of Structure and Evolution .……................ 316
7.5 Gravitation and the Outflow of Energy Into Un-Saturable Space 322
7.6 Stellar Evolution …………………………………….................. 324
11
7.7 Terrestrial Evolution …………………………..............……...... 325
Black Holes v. Unattainable Theory of Everything
8.1 Introduction ………………………………………...… 330

8.2 Observational Evidence ………………………….….....331
8.3 Schwarzschild Solution and Black Holes …………...... 332
8.4 Black Holes Mechanics and Entropy ………………..... 340
8.5 Can Black Holes “Evaporate”? ……………………...... 341
8.6 Primordial Black Holes? …………………………........ 341
8.7 Back to the Melting Pot of Unification? …………........ 341
Beyond Present Knowledge
9.1 The Futile Quest for Final Answers …………………...... 349

9.2 An Example in Havaism ……………………..….........… 350
9.3 From Cosmology to Irreversible Structures and Memory 365
9.4 The Skeptic Outlook ……………………………..…...… 415
VOLUME II
Introduction ……………………………………………................... 420

A Few Historical Remarks on Time, Mind and Symmetry ………... 437
The Philosophy of Time & Change:
Some Historical Notions …………………….……………….…...... 455
Structuralism and the Divided American Thought:
A Short Glossary of Terms ………………………………..……….. 467
Policy and Publicity: A Critique ………………………………….... 483
Critique of Western PUBLICATIONS and Quality Methodology..... 483
Thought-Provoking and Thought-Depressing Quotation ……………495

12
REFERENCES

1. Gal-Or Benjamin, New Astrophysical Revolutionary School of Thermodynamics;
Annal. N.Y. Acad. Acad. Sci., 196 (A6) 305 (1972). Awarded the Gold Medal.
2. Gal-Or Benjamin, Cosmological origin of thermodynamics, Nature 230, 1971);
234, 217 (1971);
3. Gal-Or Benjamin, The Origin of Irreversibility, Science, 176, 11 (1972); 178, 119
(1972);
4. Gal-Or Benjamin, Found. Phys. 6, 407 (1976); 6, 623 (1976); 7, 50 (1977);
5. Gal-Or Benjamin, Cosmology, Physics and Philosophy (CPP), Volumes I and II,
Springer Verlag, New York, 1981, 1983, 1987.
6. Gal-Or Benjamin, 2008-PRESENT NEXT CPP VOLUMES (published by TWITTER,
issue, SCRIBD, ETC.
7. Gal-Or Benjamin, Editor, Classical and Relativistic Thermodynamics. Proceeding
BOOK: 1969 CONFERENCE, WITH NOBEL LAURATES WIGNER AND PRIGOGINE.

13

PREFACE to this TWITTER publication
Re-published FROM 1981 CPP BOOK in Jan 2020

MASTER intergalactic DICTIONARY-DEFINITIONS

TAKEN FROM MY CPP GRAVITISM BOOK, LECTURE VI, P. 283
Predicted in 1968, Discovered in 1998

1) VERIFIED FACTS: Stellar & "Winds" (Fig. 1a), entering all dark, cold intergalactic
Voids (some marked in pink in FIG 1) from all directions generate the largest
Thermodynamic "Sink" aka "radiation cemeteries", (FIG. 1, NASA RECORDS of
the VISIBLE UNIVERSE, (NOTE THE 100 million light years scale) expand
ALL (1998 discovered of our accelerating expanding universe), thus Compact
14
galaxies first into Clusters (MASTER INTERGALACTIC IMAGE ABOVE).

2) SUBJECT TO MOMENTUM CONSERVATION, THE WINDS-GENERATED VOIDS
EXPANSION (marked unsaturable expanding SPACE "1") CLASH IN MID VOIDS
SPACE (INDICATED BY "ADIABATIC" LOCATIONS) like opposing rockets push voids
apart from each other Causing inter-cluster energy-density gradients & stellar
evolution Supernovae explosion, our solar system, (FIG. 1a).

15
FIG. 1: NASA MAP of our VISIBLE UNIVERSE (100 million light year scale
marked). Light emitted by non-expanding, gravitatin stellar and galactic systems
entering all Dark-Cold Voids located between all "Galactic Filaments" (super-
clusters of galaxies, visible), clash there (yellow arrows inside all "Voids"), thus extra expanding
all voids-sink-cemeteries by clash-back-pressure (like opposing thrusts of rockets),
compacting - and often merging them by pushing them apart from each other
(REFERENCES1-7] FIG. 2], thereby reversing a slowing-down expansion of the
universe (The familiar Einstein-Hubble expansion of the universe since the "big bang").
YET, THIS COMPLICATED THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS IS HARD TO COMPREHEND EVEN BY PROFESIONAL

PHYSICISTS, ASTROPHYSICISTS and COSMOLOGISTS.
THEREFORE THEY SIMPLY SPECULATE ABOUT ANTI-GRAVITY MYSTERIOUS DARK ENERGY & DARK-
MATTER THAT MIRACOLOUSLY COMPACT GALACTIC FILAMENTS AND SOMEHOW THEM AWAY FROM
EACH OTHER, THUS ACCELERATING OR EXTRA EXPANDING THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE.
AND TAXPAYERS $BILIONS HAVE BEEN WASTED DURING 2 DECADES ON SUCH NO-SCIENCE POPULAR
HOAX.
A PITY, FOR SPREADING AND FUNDING THIS NO-SCIENCE RISKS SCIENCE

TODAY AND TOMORROW
TO MINIMIZE SUCH RISK WE ADDED THE DICTIONARY-DEFINITIONS.
__________
EINSTEINIAN DEDUCED GRAVITISM

Republished by
Cosmology, Physics and Philosophy (CPP) Books
522-page-hardcover VOL. I & II, published by Springer Verlag, 1981, 1983, 1987. REPEATED UNTIL
PRESENT. HIGHER, UPDATED VOLUMES, published byTWITTER, ISSUU, SCRIBD. Table of Contents in
Appendix A.
PRELIMINARY DEFINITIONS
16
FIG. 1a: Dark-Cold SPACE-"2"*

wraps all (non-expanding) galaxies.
(Non-expanding) SPACE-"3" (red
ARROWS), harbors interstellar
winds (marked) flowing to SPACE-
"2", and finally "dissipating for
good" (FIG 3) inside Intergalactic
Voids (FIG. 1), WHICH ARE "GALACTIC & INTRSTELLAR WINDS, DARK-
COLD, EXPANDING "CEMETERIES" defined as EXPANDING
(UNSATURABLE) SPACE-"1" (Cf. FIG. 2 BELOW).
Voyagers 1 and 2 exploration of SPACE-"2" is also indicated here vis-à-vis
the various shocks generated by interstellar winds impacting "our" solar
system.
____
* Currently measured about 270 degrees C below zero.

17

FOR ALL READERS: RECAP IN SIMPLE TERMS
v "NASA MAP OF THE VISIBLE UNIVERSE" (FIG. 1) SHOWS ONLY THE VISIBLE
UNIVERSE.
v This established limitation is due to the VERIFIED EXPANSION OF THE
UNIVERSE, which causes light from "other portions" of the universe to be
beyond our detection. (due to the limited speed of light, ability to observe the
"other portions" is lost for ever to humanity".
v The "100 MILLION LIGHT YEAR" SCALE is indicated at the top of NASA MAP to
illustrate the size of the visible universe via FIG. 1.
v GALACTIC-STELLAR-WINDS (YELLOW ARROWS IN FIG. 1) ENTER EACH VOID
FROM OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS (FIGS. 1 and 2).
v These flow-in "WINDS dissipate in each void for good.
v Collectively, they form the "largest Thermodynamic Sink in the universe" (aka
''radiation cemetery").
v The "WINDS" "flow" into each void only from nearby "SUPER-CLUSTERS" of
NON-EXPANDING GALAXIES ("filaments").
v Subject to momentum conservation, the clash of opposing winds ("adiabatic
locations", FIG. 2) generate back radiation thrust.
v Note: Radiation, like gas, generates impact force that:
v (a) compacts all non-expanding galaxies first into clusters (FIG. 2) next into non-
expanding superclusters aka "filaments", (FIG. 1),
v (b) It thus move all non-expanding galactic filaments away from each other,
thus PROVIDING EXTRA COLLECTIVE EXPANSION of ALL INTERGALACTIC VOIDS
THAT GRADUALLY REVERSE THE SLOWING-BY-GRAVITATION EXPANSION-OF-
THE-UNIVERSE SINCE THE 'BIG-BANG', INTO A SLIGHTLY ACCELERATED
EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE, AS VERIFIED BY THE 1998 DISCOVERY.
v THIS "EXTRA EXPANSION" STARTED TO BE "SIGNIFICANT" ONLY AT A LATER
AGE OF THE UNIVERSE, WHEN THE NUMBER AND INTENSITIES OF "WINDS
EMITTERS" HAS BECOME STRONG ENOUGH TO REVERSE THE INERTIA of the
WORLD EXPANSION. THE COMPACTING THERMODYNAMICS DESCRIBED CAUSE
MERGING OF GALAXIES. (PERHAPS EVEN "OUR MILKY WAY", IN ABOUT 5
BILLION YEAR, WITH ANDROMEDA GALAXY, INSIDE OUR "LOCAL GROUP",
18
inside our VIRGO FILLAMENT.)THIS SECOND, SIMULTANEOUS, EXPANSION OF

THE UNIVERSE WAS PREDICTED IN 1969 [REFERENCES [1-7]. IT IS RE-PUBLISHED
HREIN AS FIGURE 2 FROM CPP GRAVITISM BOOK AT PAGE 283.
19
Nobel Laureate RICHARD FEYNMAN

“The first principle is that you must not fool
yourself – and you are the easiest person to fool
So you have to be very careful about that. After

you’ve not fooled yourself, it’s easy not to fool
other scientists. You just have to be honest ina
conventional way.” \
“You should not fool the layman when

you’re talking as a scientist."
HISTORICAL CONCLUDING REMARKS

AND

v A 1998-discovered acceleration of the expansion of the universe
[verified fact today], has invoked some persons, universities, public
funded institutions, self-appointed-"science-reporters", self-crowned
journalists and especially greedy media owners, to flood the media
around the globe with a 20-year "NO-SHOW" hoax of anti-gravity, Anti-
Einstein gravity physics, partly as an extension of 100-year-war against
20
verified gravity physics controlled by EINSTEIN FIELD EQUATIONS

[GENERAL RELATIVITY].
v A pity, but verified fact, whose background is, in short, as follows.
v IN 1915 Einstein Field Equations, EFE, were the only one that correctly
accounted for the unusual orbit of planet MERCURY.
v IN 1918, EFE were the only one that correctly accounted for the
bending of light by gravity that curves space time and replaces FLAT
SPACE Newton's PHYSICS
v IN 1921, EFE, were the only one that correctly accounted for the
socially AND religiously-unwanted expansion of the universe (VERIFIED
BY HUBBLE A FEW YEARS LATER) AND HAS SINCE RULED COSMOLOGY,
PHYSICS AND PHILOSOPHY, [CF. CPP BOOK CITED herein].
v In 1972 the N.Y. Academy of Sciences had gold awarded the "New
Astrophysical school of cosmological-gravitational thermodynamics" [1-
7].
v In 1987, CPP PROVED THAT EARLIER FAKE SCIENTISTS smuggle

irreversibility in without declaring the contraband. See below.
21
Einsteinian Science at RISK

FAKE SCIENTISTS REPLACE IT WITH "NO SHOW", "DARK-MATTER" & "DARK ENERGY"
ANTI-GRAVITY HOAX TAXPAYERS PAY FOR WITH $-Billions.
1987 Painting by E. Katz, By permission
"EXTERNAL WORLD INDEPENDENT OF THE

PERCEIVING SUBJECT IS THE BASIS OF ALL NATURAL
SCIENCE"

22
EINSTEIN DICTUM AGAINST HEISENBERG PROBABILIY-UNCERTAINTY

OF THE "PERCEIVING SUBJECT" THAT STILL RULES OVER THE

"QUANTUM STANDARD MODEL",
"On the evolution of physical reality", 1931
E.G., post his neglected "BOX":

"Einstein's thought experiment involved a box
with a shutter that could open and shut so rapidly that
it would allow only one photon to escape at a time. The
shutter is controlled by a precise clock. The box is
weighed exactly. Then, at a certain specified moment,
the shutter opens and a photon escapes. The box is
now weighed again. The relationship between energy
and mass (remember, E=mc2) permitted a precise
determination of the energy of the particle. And we
know, from the clock, its exact time of departing the
system." " WALTER ISAACSON, "EINSTEIN, His Life and Universe", SIMON & SCHUSTER
PAPERBACKS, MAY 2008, at 348, 349, 612.

"LIFE IS LIKE RIDING a BYCYCLE,
TO KEEP YOUR BALANCE YOU MUST KEEP MOVING"
EINSTEIN TO HIS SON, FEBRUARY 5, 1930, Id. at ix.

23
EINSTEIN PERSONAL LIFE AND GENERAL DICTUMS

“It is the fundamental emotion which stands at the cradle of true art and true
science. It was the experience of mystery -- even if mixed with fear -- that
engendered religion.
A knowledge of the existence of something we cannot penetrate, of the
manifestations of the profoundest reason and the most radiant beauty, which
are only accessible to our reason in their most elementary forms -- it is this
knowledge and this emotion that constitute the truly religious attitude;
in this sense, and in this alone, I am a deeply religious man.”
“I cannot conceive of a God who rewards and punishes his creatures, or has a
will of the type of which we are conscious in ourselves. An individual who
should survive his physical death is also beyond my comprehension, nor do I
wish it otherwise; such notions are for the fears or absurd egoism of feeble
souls.”
“Enough for me the mystery of the eternity of life, and the inkling of the
marvelous structure of reality, together with the single-hearted endeavor to
comprehend a portion, be it never so tiny, of the reason that manifests itself in
nature.”
“I gang my own gait and have never belonged to my country, my home, my
friends, or even my immediate family, with my whole heart; in the face of all
these ties I have never lost an obstinate sense of detachment, which increases
with age.”.
“One is sharply conscious, yet without regret, of the limits to the possibility of
mutual understanding and sympathy with one's fellow-creatures. Such a
person no doubt loses something in the way of geniality and light-heartedness;
24
on the other hand, he is largely independent of the opinions, habits, and

judgments of his fellows.”
In lieu of the aforementioned personal-life and philosophy-faith,
Einstein consistently selected to protect his privacy inside his room, in his
house, working in maximized-freedom, undisturbed solitude; even sleeping
naked in his room while his privacy has been strictly guarded by his devoted
secretary Helen Dukas, who also screened his incoming mail, deleted nasty or
anti-Semitic letters and politely blocking unwanted visitors. Einstein is also
known for his subtle sarcasm.

Before Einstein left Hitler’s Germany to the United States, a professor in Berlin
was extremely nasty in targeting him. One day Einstein was informed that Professor
XXX just died. Einstein’s reaction:
“Everyone does something good in his life, even Professor XXX; he died.

Einstein's "Anti-Pomposity"; Anti-"Politically Correct"

As a younger man he used to play his beloved violin in the homes of some
German women. One day, while he was playing there, they started knitting.
Einstein stopped playing, packed his violin to leave, and apologized:
“I would not even dream to disturb you from your knitting work.

”On another occasion, as a celebrity living in his house near a lake outside Berlin, his
wife urged him to change his simple, but comfortable home dress, to a formal one,
for dignitaries are to arrive soon to visit him. His response:
let them meet me as I am dressed and work in my house.
If they come to see my formal dress
please show them my closet.
25

Theoretical Physics at its Highest Historical Level
The highest level of physics was reached post (i) The creation of
the 1915 Einsteinian Gravity Physics (General Relativity) that predicts a strange, socially
unwanted, world expansion (or contraction), (ii) That unwanted theory was first confirmed
in 1918 by correctly predicting the bending of light by gravitation in curved space-time, (iii)
Re-confirmed, before 1927, by the American astronomer Hubble: We live in an expanding
world that had "beginning", as the Bible states In its first Chapter.
Sitting, from left: I. Langmuir, M. Planck, Marie Curie, H.A. Lorentz, A. Einstein, P. Langevin,
Ch.-E. Guye, C.T.R. Wilson, O.W. Richardson
2nd Sitting: P. Debye, M. Knudsen, W.L. Bragg, H.A. Kramers, P.A.M. Dirac, A.H. Compton, L. de
Broglie, M. Born, N. Bohr;
Standing: A. Piccard, E. Henriot, P. Ehrenfest, E. Herzen, Th. de Donder, E. Schrödinger, J.E.
Verschaffelt, W. Pauli, W. Heisenberg, R.H. Fowler, L. Brillouin.

NONE OF CONTEMORARY PHYSICISTS, INCLUDING the GREAT CONTRIBUTORS
to physics, and NOBEL LAURATES, have reached the historic standing of most
of these creative scientists.
26
Why "dark energy" is not even wrong

27
Figure A RECAP: YELLOW ARROWS: GALACTIC WINDS DISSIPATING IN EACH VOID

CLASH, THRUST (PUSH-BACK) COMPACTING GALAXIES INTO CLUSTERING FILAMENTS &
ACCELERATE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE. Marked on this NASA MAP OF THE VISIBLE
UNIVERSE: 100-MILLION-LIGHT-YEARS-SACLE and VIRGO FILAMENT, WHERE WE ARE. The
NASA map Identifies the size of coldest (270 C below zero), expanding VOIDS, some marked
in pink, some closed, some open. Super-clusters of galaxies around each void, in the form of
NON-EXPANDING RADIATING "FILAMENTS", INSIDE ONE OF WHICH WE LIVE - MARKED
VIRGO.
Figure B RECAP: SPACE-2

wraps all non-expanding
galaxies [Fig. 2] and all non-
expanding SPACE-3, (red arrows)
where super-fast, interstellar winds,
flow out to SPACE-2 and next,
irreversibly dissipate in dark-cold,
EXPANDING-VOIDS/SPACE-1, composed
of expanding VOIDS located between
all Super-Clusters of galaxies. [Figures 1
& 2].
Images from author's book Ref. 5 & Wikipedia.
28

Thought experiment: Tomorrow the voids expansion stops. The
temperatures in SPACES 3 to 1 gradually rise to those in the center of
stars or galactic centers. Eventually, thermal equilibrium is reached by
which all processes stop.
The expanding-voids-caused-gradients, (MASTER FIGURE), cause all
outflowing radiation (interstellar winds, [FIG B] emerging from all active
stars and galaxies to stop, gradients vanish, stellar evolution stop, no
supernovae, no planets, no physical process that leads to life.
Such a thermal equilibrium is generated when all voids stop
expanding, all stellar winds, (Figure B) have died.
______
Cosmic black-body radiation is the 1964-discovered, remnant left-over
radiation glow that has expanded with SPACE-1 and had first cooled
down to about 4,000-3,000 K.
Its discovery and current studies provide one of the direct proofs that
SPACE-1 has expanded during 13.7 billion sun-earth years. It is almost
isotropic [the same in all directions].
Yet, slight variations in it are being measured to increase our
knowledge on the beginning of all gravity-induced structures, that lead to
life [1-7] and 2008-2020 twitter publications.

A note on Black holes: These are local "sinks" whose all energy
dissipating capacities are far less than that observed and calculated by
the universal sink EXPANDING-VOIDS/SPACE-1, MASTER FIGURE.

29
Fundamental Mistakes that Rule Science Today

v Increased number of TAXPAYERS FUNDED "Dark Energy" CHIMERA FOOLS ALL.
v This non-science hoax rules science SINCE 1998.
v DURING TWO DECADES of WASTED FUNDING, IT HAS RESULTED IN "No Show".
v THE non-science hoax LAUNCHES NON-STOP, ANTI-GRAVITY WAR AGAINST

EINSTEIN
v THIS WAR IS MAINTAINED BY GROWING ARMIES OF SELF-APPOINTED "SCIENCE-

REPORTERS", FAKE SCIENTISTS, MISLEADING JOURNALISTS, AND GREEDY
SPONSORS.
Fatal Problems in
Strings-Math-Music
Current experimental techniques in science
cannot provide direct verification below about 10-19 meter, which is more than 15
orders of magnitude above any direct verification scale of string theories, or of any
theory.
Moreover, all string theories have failed to converge into a single acceptable
formulation, and no string theory version has made any prediction that differs
from those made by other theories.
30
Whatever the future holds for string theories, they have become an active branch
of theoretical physics, that, in part, had originated from Einstein’s search for a
unified field theory of gravity and quantum physics.

The first to add a fifth spatial dimension to Einstein's general relativity were
Theodor Kaluza (in 1919) and Oskar Klein (in 1926). These attempts attracted
Einstein’s attention in his attempts to develop a unified field theory. But Einstein
died prior to being successful in this domain.

The current proponents of string theories claim, inter alia, that on very small sub-
atomic scales, all fundamental field-forces consist of vibrating strings or
membranes of energy. See below.

The spectrum, or zoo, of subatomic particles3.2 then emerges (mathematically) as
small vibrating strings that by altering their mode of vibration transform, say, an
electron into a neutrino, a quark, or other particles, while causing space-time to
curve around these entities so as to give rise to Einsteinian relativistic gravity.

Despite three decades of intensive attempts to provide experimental proof of
string theories, as conducted by armies of physicists, there is not a single, direct
verification test that the theory is correct. And none is expected.

While the various equations of string theories have survived mathematical
challenges, each solution represents an entire set of unverifiable predictions; a
mysticism of scientists, which, when combined with the fundamental issue of a
priori smuggling into these theories what is to be proved, makes them what they
are.

Einstein’s anti-probabilistic views remain un-falsified. Similarly, the much
acclaimed “Theory of Everything” is misleading.

Some of the string theories proponents claim that prior to Genesis a pre-Genesis
world contraction had turned into a black hole that, at the moment of Genesis,
31
had created many WHITE HOLES, namely, our observable universe is just one of
them – indeed a mystic science but a beautiful mathematical music to the brain-
mind.
Hidden variables are postulated in string theories as extra [beyond 3 space and
one time dimensions] 6, 7 or higher spatial dimensions.
Postulated by David Bohm, these ideas are now driving string theories. They, inter
alia, by-pass the embarrassing point-like feathers of ‘particles’ in quantum theories
Such variables also allow theorists to get closer to Einstein’s dream of a
deterministic world outlook of general relativity3.3 that is unified with quantum
physics.
Investigating how a string theory may include fermions led to the concept of
supersymmetry a mathematical collection of ideas relating bosons and fermions
(every particle has superpartner that is not observable. Superpartners are called
squarks, selectrons and gluinos.
M-Theory is one group of string theories that postulates ‘Landscapes-Inside-

landscapes’ in 10, 11 or 26 space dimensions so as to harbor a large number of
hidden variables, different vacua and endless other universes.
The theoretical limit of the M-theory infers that protons, electrons, neutrons and
their antimatter counterparts, may be converted to photons and then converted
to other particles, i.e., to particles such as protons that may be changed to other
particles, such as electrons. It is not yet a fully understood theory.
D-branes are membranes of different spatial dimensionality. The membranes are

postulated to be gravitational sources, so that one may end-up with a modified
gravitational theory within the framework of string and quantum theories. They
may emit and absorb closed strings and are postulated to emit gravitons and also
to emit charge since they emit closed strings, which are gauge bosons.
32
The pre-supposed hidden variables as tiny entities are postulated to contract to

minimize their potential energy. But conservation of energy prevents them from
disappearing. Instead they are postulated to oscillate-vibrate.
By pre-assuming the reality of vibrating strings, one may deduce different

vibrational modes that are further postulated to represent different sub-atomic
particles.
Such postulated strings may split and combine, which may resemble particles
emitting and absorbing other particles, as in quantum interactions between sub-
atomic particles.
Quantum strings are also postulated to harbor tension, like regular strings of a
violin; a tension that is related to their size and shape.
A closed loop string, left to move without external forces, will contract into a
smaller loop. But it is further postulated that it would not shrink to a zero-sized
point.
Open strings have two distinct end-points, while closed strings are joined to make
a complete loop. The two types may allow speculations about two different
spectra of ‘elementary-particles’. For example, one of the closed string modes is
the graviton, and in the open string mode it is a photon3.1
‘Landscapes-Inside-landscapes’, (worlds-inside-worlds) in 10, 11 or 26 space

dimensions are postulated in string theories4.6-4.11 to harbor a large number of
hidden variables, different vacua and endless other universes. Such theories are
also being postulated to be the theoretical limit of the M-theory.

Symmetry-Asymmetry: All laws of physics, except those of thermodynamics, are
space and time symmetric, namely, there is no distinction between any direction
in space and in time. However, the 2nd law of thermodynamics, in its fundamental
form, states that in using the time coordinate one can only proceed from past to
future and never in reverse. Accordingly, some theorists claim, in contradiction
33
with thermodynamics, that if the universe is eternal into the future, it must be
eternal into the past.

Hence, they claim, prior to creation [the “big-bang”] there was a symmetrical
world contraction into an all-containing black hole.

As the density “had” increased during that pre-creation contraction, gigantic black holes
had been formed, and, at the instant of maximum contraction, they all switched to
expnasion, the interior of one of them has become “our universe”.

Such claims encounter endless debates. Yet, their proponents hope that upcoming
observations by the Planck Sattelite and the ground-based LIGO and VIRGO observatories,
may reveal slight variations in gravitational radiation that might be detected by their effect
on the polarization of the cosmic black body radiation4.12; perhaps a supportive evidence.

A few closing words in Memorial of the GREAT

Perfection of means and confusion of goals, seem – in my
opinion – to characterize our age. ----- Albert Einstein

Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited.
Imagination encircles the world.----- Albert Einstein

The pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, an almost fanatical
love of justice, and the desire for personal independence--these
are the features of Jewish tradition which make me thank my
stars that I belong to it. ----- Albert Einstein

Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition
from mediocre minds ----- Albert Einstein
34

INFINITIES? -- the universe and human stupidity, and
am not sure about the universe. (Albert Einstein);

Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried
anything new.----- Albert Einstein

Do what you feel to be right, for you'll be criticized anyway
----- Eleanor Roosevelt

Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can
change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.
------ Margaret Mead
35

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The New Verified Cosmology by Prof.-Dr.

Benjamin Gal-Or, ISSUUE & TWITTER Publications

Published Reviews & Comments

"Evokes a person heart !!

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Order Amidst Chaos, Enlightenment Aesthetics

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS:

“Gal-Or's remarkable book sees and seizes the world whole.

He emphasizes that all scientists operate under some set of philosophical

Furthermore, he argues that a failure to attend to the philosophical base of

His work is challenging on many levels, constituting a review 'with

The second major theme is that of gravity and its overwhelming

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS:

"Einstein's time-symmetric tensor was elevated by Gal-Or’s “New

thermodynamics -- that microscopic physics, and thermodynamics in

1.1.1 Science Order: Cosmology to Quantum or in Reverse?... 3

From Terrestrial Gravitational Structures

1.1 Gravitation, Asymmetry and Structure of Earth v. Cosmos ...80

From Old Physics

2.1 Aim and Scope ……………………………………………. 138

General Relativity and Relativistic Cosmology

3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………....... 167

From Physics to Philosophical Crossroads and Back

Crisis in the Standard Quantum Model

5.1 Preliminary Review …………………………………….……...... 255

From Physics to Cosmological Crossroads and Back

6.1 FIRST: Reduction of Thermodynamics to Gravitation ...,... 277

The Cosmological Base of Time Arrow

7.1 Time: The All-Embracing Concept …………………................. 309

7.7 Terrestrial Evolution …………………………..............……...... 325

Black Holes v. Unattainable Theory of Everything

8.1 Introduction ………………………………………...… 330

Beyond Present Knowledge

9.1 The Futile Quest for Final Answers …………………...... 349

Introduction ……………………………………………................... 420

MASTER intergalactic DICTIONARY-DEFINITIONS

Predicted in 1968, Discovered in 1998

galaxies first into Clusters (MASTER INTERGALACTIC IMAGE ABOVE).

YET, THIS COMPLICATED THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS IS HARD TO COMPREHEND EVEN BY PROFESIONAL

A PITY, FOR SPREADING AND FUNDING THIS NO-SCIENCE RISKS SCIENCE

TO MINIMIZE SUCH RISK WE ADDED THE DICTIONARY-DEFINITIONS.

EINSTEINIAN DEDUCED GRAVITISM

Cosmology, Physics and Philosophy (CPP) Books

FIG. 1a: Dark-Cold SPACE-"2"*

inside our VIRGO FILLAMENT.)THIS SECOND, SIMULTANEOUS, EXPANSION OF

Nobel Laureate RICHARD FEYNMAN

So you have to be very careful about that. After

“You should not fool the layman when

HISTORICAL CONCLUDING REMARKS

verified gravity physics controlled by EINSTEIN FIELD EQUATIONS

v A pity, but verified fact, whose background is, in short, as follows.

v In 1987, CPP PROVED THAT EARLIER FAKE SCIENTISTS smuggle

Einsteinian Science at RISK

"EXTERNAL WORLD INDEPENDENT OF THE

EINSTEIN DICTUM AGAINST HEISENBERG PROBABILIY-UNCERTAINTY

EINSTEIN PERSONAL LIFE AND GENERAL DICTUMS

on the other hand, he is largely independent of the opinions, habits, and

Why "dark energy" is not even wrong

Figure A RECAP: YELLOW ARROWS: GALACTIC WINDS DISSIPATING IN EACH VOID

Figure B RECAP: SPACE-2

Fundamental Mistakes that Rule Science Today

v This non-science hoax rules science SINCE 1998.

v DURING TWO DECADES of WASTED FUNDING, IT HAS RESULTED IN "No Show".