See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/330956261

Engineering Industrial Training Report at Dura-Mine Sdn Bhd

Technical Report · September 2017

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.20544.99841

CITATIONS READS
0 154

1 author:

Muhammad Hilmi Johari

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2 PUBLICATIONS   0 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Muhammad Hilmi Johari on 08 February 2019.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

EIT REPORT

KULLIYYAH OF ENGINEERING
INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA
MUHAMMAD HILMI BIN JOHARI

ENGINEERING INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

AT
DURA-MINE SDN BHD
12th JUNE 2017 – 3rd SEPTEMBER 2017

MUHAMMAD HILMI BIN JOHARI

1414631
MATERIALS

MATERIALS ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MANUFACTURING & MATERIALS
ENGINEERING
2017
2017
 COMPANY VERIFICATION STATEMENT

I hereby declare that Muhammad Hilmi bin Johari and 1414631, student of Department of
Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) has
successfully completed his Engineering Industrial Training from 12 June 2017 till 03 September
2017 at Dura-Mine Sdn. Bhd. This report is prepared by the above – mentioned student as a partial
fulfilment of this training. All information given in this report is true and does not contain any
confidential information or classified data that might in a way or another abuse the company’s
policies.

...................................................................................
(Signature, Name of Authorized person and company’s stamp)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Alhamdulillah, I have successfully completed my Engineering Industrial Training (EIT) at

Dura-Mine Sdn Bhd for a period of three months. I was placed in the pipe section under QA/QC
and production department where I have learned tremendously about the thorough process of
producing plastic pipes and the rigorous procedures to achieve quality. It was a pleasant stay and
during the internship I felt that I was part of the team that is keeping the factory running. It is a
surreal experience.

I would like to immensely thank my supervisor throughout my internship, Mr. Razif Ismail,
the QA manager and my co-supervisor, Mr. Ibrahim, the Production manager for helping me learn
the working process in a factory, the advices they have given me and the constant solutions to the
constant problems in the factory. I would also like to thank all the employees that have helped me
in the process and answered all my questions; albeit sometimes ridiculous.

I would like to show a big gratitude to Kuliyyah of Engineering for organizing the whole
EIT. Lastly, a heartfelt love towards my parents who has given me support throughout my
internship.

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COMPANY VERIFICATION STATEMENT ......................................................................................................... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................................. i
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... iii
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................... iv
1.0 BACKGROUND OF COMPANY ......................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Company location ............................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Mission and Vision ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.4 Corporate logo .................................................................................................................................... 2
1.5 Organization chart ............................................................................................................................... 3
2.0 SUMMARIES OF DUTIES ................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 Quality policy...................................................................................................................................... 5
3.0 WORKING EXPERIENCES .................................................................................................................. 5
3.1 Materials used ..................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 Overview of production process ......................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Details on each component of the extrusion process ........................................................................ 14
3.4 QA/QC tasks ..................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5 Production tasks ................................................................................................................................ 18
3.5.1 Production Line 1 ....................................................................................................................... 18
3.5.2 Production Line 2 & 3 ................................................................................................................ 20
3.5.3 Production Line 6 ....................................................................................................................... 24
3.5.4 Production Line 8 ....................................................................................................................... 29
3.5.5 Production Line PVC Slab ......................................................................................................... 31
4.0 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 36
5.0 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................... 37
6.0 APPENDICES ...................................................................................................................................... 38

ii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Physical Measurements…………………………………………………………………………………..……………….……….17

iii
 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Corporate Logo ............................................................................................................................... 2
Figure 2 Organization Chart .......................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 3 General production process ............................................................................................................ 5
Figure 4 Virgin 1881 (Left) and Virgin 5301 (Right)....................................................................................... 6
Figure 5 KK Black ........................................................................................................................................... 6
Figure 6 Different colours of masterbatch.................................................................................................... 7
Figure 7 Inner Slickcore layer ........................................................................................................................ 7
Figure 8 Raw Materials ................................................................................................................................. 8
Figure 9 Tensile test on dumbell raw material ............................................................................................. 8
Figure 10 Raw material is labeled and stored............................................................................................... 9
Figure 11 Materials are loaded into evenloader........................................................................................... 9
Figure 12 Material is extruded in extruder ................................................................................................. 10
Figure 13 Vacuum tank ............................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 14 Cooling tank ................................................................................................................................ 11
Figure 15 Pipe goes through printing process ............................................................................................ 11
Figure 16 PVC slab goes through stamping process ................................................................................... 12
Figure 17 Corrugated pipe goes through ink spraying process .................................................................. 12
Figure 18 Puller ........................................................................................................................................... 12
Figure 19 Coiler ........................................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 20 Cut and bundled.......................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 21 Extruder screen packs ................................................................................................................. 14
Figure 22 Die, sizing sleeve and vacuum tank ............................................................................................ 15
Figure 23 Sizing sleeve ................................................................................................................................ 15
Figure 24 HDPE microduct .......................................................................................................................... 18
Figure 25 Microduct being coiled ............................................................................................................... 19
Figure 26 Corrugated table ......................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 27 Mould set-up 1 ............................................................................................................................ 21
Figure 28 Mould set-up 2 ............................................................................................................................ 22
Figure 29 Gaskets ........................................................................................................................................ 22
Figure 30 Problems due to gaskets ............................................................................................................. 23
Figure 31 Rough surface on subduct .......................................................................................................... 23
Figure 32 Main extruder line 6.................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 33 Vacuum tank (Back) and Cooling tank (Front) ............................................................................ 25
Figure 34 Line 6 printer ............................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 35 Load on tipping table to be cut and bundled .............................................................................. 26
Figure 36 Coiled into reels .......................................................................................................................... 26
Figure 37 Problems due to leakage in vacuum tank ................................................................................... 27
Figure 38 Chalk used over printing ............................................................................................................. 27
Figure 39 Rework on crevices ..................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 40 Bent pipe ..................................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 41 HDPE Smoothwall subduct 40 mm OD ....................................................................................... 30
Figure 42 HDPE Ribbed subduct with slickcore .......................................................................................... 30

iv
Figure 43 HDPE Tunable subduct ................................................................................................................ 31
Figure 44 Formula for PVC slab ................................................................................................................... 32
Figure 45 Mixer ........................................................................................................................................... 32
Figure 46 Extruder....................................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 47 Cooling process ........................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 48 Cutter .......................................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 49 Stamping machine ...................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 50 Final PVC Slab product ................................................................................................................ 35

v
1.0 BACKGROUND OF COMPANY

1.1 Overview
Established in 1997 (formerly known as Dura-Line Malaysia), DURA-MINE is a
manufacturer of a wide range of HDPE, PVC Pipes and fibre optic cable for the construction of
high value in infrastructure application including telecommunication, water, gas, sewer and
industrial pipe system.

DURA-MINE is the first manufacturer of Co-Extruded Duct in the ASEAN region with a
super SLICKCORE permanent inner lining. We serve our customers in the region and worldwide
from our manufacturing facility in Malaysia and through distributors/agents worldwide.

Our products are manufactured using Quality Systems administrated by ISO and SIRIM
guidelines. Each employee is committed to the goal of doing the job right the first time. Take
advantage of our history of products and service to your industry.

From a humble beginning of 2 production lines, DURA-MINE today has 12 production

lines to cater to the increasing market demand. DURA-MINE is committed towards improving
quality assurance and cost efficiency of our products through extensive research and development,
innovate new product lines to meet the ever evolving technology worldwide.

Our hands-on experience in Engineering and Technical Support and a talented pool of
workforce has made us a leader in the ever expanding telecommunication, sustainable construction
and infrastructure development industries.

DURA-MINE strives to extend its range of products and seek new business opportunities
in line with our Mission to be a reliable & innovative manufacturer that is market driven, efficient
and successful.

1
1.2 Company location
DURA-MINE SDN BHD

Lot 23, Jalan Perusahaan 2,

Beranang Industrial Estate,

43700 Beranang, Selangor, Malaysia

1.3 Mission and Vision

Vision: To be a recognized global leader in the industry by employing established and advanced
technology, we deliver value to our customer.

Mission: We foster and environment where our people rapidly innovate to create new products
and solutions that enable our customers to maximize their network functionality and value, through
entrepreneurship, collaboration, accountability, action and integrity.

1.4 Corporate logo

Figure 1 Corporate Logo

2
1.5 Organization chart

3
Figure 2 Organization Chart
2.0 SUMMARIES OF DUTIES

2.1 Overview
There are four divisions in the pipe department; Quality Assurance and Quality Control,
Production, Maintenance, Logistics. The author was assigned to both QA/QC and production.
QA/QC division is responsible for ensuring the quality of the product and the process from start
to finish, doing relevant tests for the different products, responsible for getting the certificate for
the products and processes and managing the overall flow of the factory. Production division
produces the variety of products, regulate and control the machines and supervision over the
production lines.

Depending on the number of orders, the types of pipe and how many production lines are
running, my duties were varied from time to time. Listed below are the general duties that he had
done of which will be described specifically in the later part of the report.

 Helping as operator in various production lines

 Observed each processes from start to finish
 Checking the dimensions of the products if they are within specification
 Assisting the QA executives in tasks such as;
 Set up/startup checklist
 Releasing the products so it is ready to be shipped
 Helping in tests and inspections relevant to the products
 Completion of various reports
 Making sure only conforming products are to be shipped
 Reworking of products
 Housekeeping
 Assisting in general tasks relevant to the factory

4
2.2 Quality policy
To ensure a successful operation by supplying products and services on time; and shall
consistently meet or exceed the requirements of our customers while complying with the
applicable and statutory and regulatory requirements.

Dura-Mine Sdn Bhd. Top management shall ensure that the Quality Policy is
communicated and understood by all company’s personnel and shall revise the policy from time
to time in order to ensure suitability and to continually improve the Quality Management System.

The implementation of Dura-Mine Sdn. Bhd. Quality Policy has resulted in the establishment of
our Quality Management System’s objectives and its associated quality procedures.

3.0 WORKING EXPERIENCES

The factory has 12 production lines and during my 12 weeks of internship, the author has
observed and worked on 6 production lines. The production lines will run if there is an order for
them. His task is based on the number of production lines running and if extra assistance is needed
anywhere. The processes for all the production lines is polymer extrusion process with some
changes such as the machines, depending on the type of pipe that will be produced. Below, is the
general production process for all the production lines.

Figure 3 General production process

5
3.1 Materials used
o Two main materials used to produce the pipes and subducts are High Density Polyethylene
(HDPE) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). The HDPE used is in the form of plastic resin
pellets and the PVC is in the form of powders. HDPE used has different grades such as
virgins which is the pure raw HDPE; 5301, 0961, 1881 or the re-pelletized HDPE such as
KK Natural and KK Black. The grades of the HDPE have significant factor in the process
of producing a certain pipe or subduct.

Figure 4 Virgin 1881 (Left) and Virgin 5301 (Right)

Figure 5 KK Black

6
o Masterbatch (MB) is a solid or fluid added substance for plastic used for colouring plastics
(colour masterbatch) or disseminate different properties to plastics (additive masterbatch).
Masterbatch is a concentrated blend of pigments or potentially added substances typified
amid a warmth procedure into a carrier resin which is then cooled and cut into a granular
shape. Masterbatch enables the processor to colour the raw polymer during the plastics
fabricating process

Figure 6 Different colours of masterbatch

o A permanently pre-lubricated internal layer, exceptionally concocted by Dura-Mine to give

sturdiness, high firmness, corrosion resistance, reduces friction and long life expectancy

Figure 7 Inner Slickcore layer

7
3.2 Overview of production process
1. Raw material is received from supplier and is keyed in the stock card file

Figure 8 Raw Materials

2. Material is inspected to ensure the quality is of the highest

Figure 9 Tensile test on dumbell raw material

8
3. Received material is labeled according to its type or other specification and then is stored for
future use

Figure 10 Raw material is labeled and stored

4. The material is loaded into the evenloader to be sucked into the hopper

Figure 11 Materials are loaded into evenloader

9
5. Material in the hopper goes through the extruder mouth to be extruded. If the pipe or subducts
requirement is a different colour for the stripe or an inside slickcore layer, multiple hoppers and
extruders will be used.

Figure 12 Material is extruded in extruder

6. The pipe or subduct will go through the vacuum tank to achieve its dimension and specification

Figure 13 Vacuum tank

10
7. The pipe or subduct will go through the cooling tank to harden and to retain its dimensions

Figure 14 Cooling tank

8. Writings will be imprinted on to the pipe or subducts by printing or ink spray or stamping

Figure 15 Pipe goes through printing process

11
 Figure 16 PVC slab goes through stamping process

Figure 17 Corrugated pipe goes through ink spraying process

9. A puller pulls the pipe or subducts through the tanks.

Figure 18 Puller

12
10. The pipe or subduct will go to a coiler or be cut and bundled

Figure 19 Coiler

Figure 20 Cut and bundled

13
3.3 Details on each component of the extrusion process
1- Extruder

The extruder will heat, melt and mix the HDPE formulation and force the plastic into the
die where it will be formed into the innerduct or pipe. The extruder is made up of several
components including the drive motor, drive assembly (converts the electricity into DC current to
cause the rotation of the extruder screw by way of a series of gears and/or belts) and the screw.
The extruder screw is an important port in the extruder. As the screw turns within the barrel, it
compresses the HDPE and moves it toward the die. At the same time, it melts the pellets into a
molten mass of plastic by shearing the material and also by the heating/cooling coils located around
the barrel. The screw is also the final mixing component for blending the HDPE with the
masterbatch.

The extruder screen packs are at the end of the extruder and are attached to a metal breaker
plate which has a number of small holes. The screens trap any contaminates before they can get
into the pipe die and they also help to build pressure along the extruder screw to aid in keeping a
solid packing of plastic along the entire length of the screw.

Figure 21 Extruder screen packs

14
 Figure 22 Die, sizing sleeve and vacuum tank

The extrusion die is used to form the melted plastic into a round, pipe shape, to form the
initial sizing of the pipe or duct and to control the temperature of the melted plastic as it moves
through the die towards the draw-down area and into the vacuum tank. The die has also pin and
bushing to form the initial shape and heater bands to achieve and maintain the optimum
temperature.

The molten plastic goes through the sizing sleeve inside the vacuum tank.

Figure 23 Sizing sleeve

15
2. Cooling tank

Cooling tank serves as a purpose to maintain the pipe’s shape and specifications. It removes
the heat from the pipe. This in turn, anneal the plastic to minimize the stresses within the duct or
pipe. Annealing also strengthen the finished products.

3. Printer/Stamper/Ink spray

Basically prints, stamps or spray a strip of wordings onto the pipe that may consist of the
type of product, the length, manufacturing date or other relevant information.

4. Puller

It pulls the pipe from the extruder and the speed of the puller is very critical. If the speed
is not correct or the flow is not smooth, dimensions of the finished products could be altered or the
plastics will be stretched until it fractures.

3.4 QA/QC tasks

QA Department manage, control and implement systems, procedure, records, analysis and
improvement complying with QA System. One of the author’s main task was to assist the QA
executives in their completing documents such as:

1. Production Schedule Log (Appendix A)

2. Incoming Quality Control Inspection Sheet (Appendix B)
3. Internal Rejection Notice (Appendix C)
4. Set up/Start-up checklist (Appendix D)
5. Product Inspection Report (Appendix E)
6. Put stickers for releasing of products or holding of products (Appendix
F&G)

The author also has done Quality Control checking on all the finished products to make
sure every product is in conformance to the best quality such as visual inspection and physical
measurement such as; outer and inner diameter inspection, thickness inspection and length
inspection.

16
 Table 1 Physical Measurements

Corrugated outer diameter Corrugated inner diameter

Corrugated thickness Smoothwall outer diameter

Smoothwall thickness Length of pipe

The author has assisted in various tests for Testing & Inspection of the products such as:

1. Tensile test: to measure the tensile strength of the pipe or subduct

2. Crush test: to measure the compressive strength of the pipe or subduct
3. Impact test: to measure the toughness of the pipe or subduct
4. Melt flow rate test: to measure how much of the material is flowing at gram/10 minute
5. Bending test: to test the bendability of the pipe or subduct
6. Oxygen Induction Time (OIT): a test performed in DSC to measure the thermal
stabilization of the pipe or subduct

17
 7. Friction test: to measure how much friction can the slickcore inside the pipe or subduct
handle
8. Density test: to measure the density of the pipe or subduct

How many of the finished products that the production has produced must be counted so that
not more will be produced or not less. QA/QC must constantly be aware of this so that when the
finished products are to be shipped, everything is completed and ready to be shipped. Every
finished product that are to be shipped must be in the region of quality that QA department has
accepted.

3.5 Production tasks

Since the author was placed in QA/QC and Production department, he had experienced
how to start-up a production line, being one of the operators in the production line, assisting in
whatever necessary for the production line and to observe the quality of the products produced.

Every production lines conforms to the general overview of the extrusion process above
with some changes.

3.5.1 Production Line 1

This line produces HDPE microduct with slickcore with pre-installed rope 600 N. It is
designed for fibre optic cables to maximize installation lengths and to minimize cable jointing. To
be placed in conditions that are more grueling requiring higher level of performance.

Figure 24 HDPE microduct

18
Characteristics:
• Single or Combo designs (More tube sizes in one bundle)
• With SLICKCORE creates a pathway for easy fiber optic placement
• Can maximize cable push force
• Anti-Rodent Protection available
• Available in smooth inner wall, straight ribs and spiral ribs
• Easy quick upgrades or replace in future without interrupt existing services
• Size range from 5mm up to 16mm
• Various solid colors or stripes to fit customer requirement
• Packing in coil or drums with different lengths
• Pre-installed rope 600N

3.5.1.1 Problems faced in Production Line 1

1. It is quite difficult to coil the microduct perfectly since its outer diameter is very small. After
some time, the coiling has become easier and easier.

Figure 25 Microduct being coiled

2. Since its diameter is small, it is very sensitive and is prone to break during the production line.
The puller and the extruder settings must be set accordingly.

19
3.5.2 Production Line 2 & 3

Production line 2 and 3 produces HDPE Corrugated Subduct. It is used to reduce surface
contact and co-efficient friction when pulling cables or wires and allow installation in packed area.
The subduct is environmentally friendly, cost efficient and easy to handle.

Characteristics:

 Available with slickcore permanent lining

 Flexible and light
 Fast and easy installation
 High corrosion resistance
 Long life performance
 Various colours to meet customer requirements
 Size range from 15mm up to 65mm
 Packing in coil or drums in different lengths
 Pre-installed tape or rope with different strength (600 N, 5 KN or 8 KN)

20
 To make the corrugated lining on the pipe, moulds are used to form the corrugated lining and
gaskets to retain the shape. After the materials have gone through the die, it goes to the corrugated
table where the moulds and gaskets are within.

Figure 26 Corrugated table

Figure 27 Mould set-up 1

21
Figure 28 Mould set-up 2

Figure 29 Gaskets

22
3.5.2.1 Problems faced in Production Line 2 & 3
1. The wall thickness is less than 1mm thus is the most prone to a break during the production line.

2. The gaskets need to be changed in every few shifts otherwise the subduct will not retains its
corrugated lining.

Figure 30 Problems due to gaskets

3. Surface of subduct is rough. This can be due to inaccurate settings in the extruder or not enough
water in the cooling tank.

Figure 31 Rough surface on subduct

23
4. The pulley cannot pull tightly otherwise some parts will be flat and may be inadmissible for
their application.

3.5.3 Production Line 6

This line produces pipes that have a big diameter such as HDPE water pipes. The processes
are the same except that machines are larger in size. The finished product can be cut into 6 m or
12 m each depending on the customer requirements or be coiled into reels; so far the maximum
diameter of water pipe that can be coiled into reels is 110 mm outer diameter.

The HDPE water pipes are certified and recognized by MS 1058 Standards by SIRIM QAS
Malaysia. It is the best option if the customer wants a high corrosion resistance, non-toxic and high
durability.

Characteristics

 Available in all pressure classes ranging from PN6 to PN16

 Available in sizes of 20mm up to 450mm outer diameter
 Chemical and corrosion resistance
 High abrasion resistance
 Superior flow characteristics due to smoothwall

Figure 32 Main extruder line 6

24
Figure 33 Vacuum tank (Back) and Cooling tank (Front)

Figure 34 Line 6 printer

25
Figure 35 Load on tipping table to be cut and bundled

Figure 36 Coiled into reels

26
3.5.3.1 Problems in Production Line 6
1. Leakage in vacuum tank

Figure 37 Problems due to leakage in vacuum tank

This is due to the reduced pressure inside the vacuum tank so the pipe does not form its
desired shape.

2. Printer problems such as the white tape is not aligned with the printer head therefore no colour
is printed and a chalk is used to solve the problem.

Figure 38 Chalk used over printing

27
3. Along the pipe, sometimes crevices would appear and rework needs to be done.

Figure 39 Rework on crevices

4. When coiling, sometimes the pipe would be bent due to a higher speed of the reels or due to
contact with the adjacent sides.

Figure 40 Bent pipe

28
3.5.3.2 Problems the author solved in Production Line 6
For HDPE water pipe that is cut and bundled, they are stickered so they are identifiable
and easy to count. Before the author’s arrival, the operators or the QC technician will put the
sticker after they have been bundled. This is a problem because if they are any defects on the pipe,
it will be very hard to detect them again. So the author proposed to the QA department to put the
sticker on the pipe while the pipe is moving on the tipping table. While they are moving and rolling
on the tipping table, visual check the pipe and if they are any defects, record in the production log
which pipe is defected and what is the sticker number on the pipe.

After a while, it was easier to detect the pipe that is defected and to be reworked.

3.5.4 Production Line 8

This line produces HDPE Smoothwall subduct with slickcore, HDPE ribbed subduct with
slickcore and HDPE Tunable subduct with slickcore. They are used in applications such as
telecommunications, gas transmission and construction. They are mostly used to cover the inner
cables such as the fibre optic cable. The tunable subduct has a tracer wire attached to the
smoothwall subduct. The tracer wire is made out of copper. This is used so that metal detector
could detect the location of the underground pipe.

The size can range from 20mm up to 75mm. Colours can be set according to customer
requirement. It has long life performance, flexible and has a low coefficient of friction.

29
Figure 41 HDPE Smoothwall subduct 40 mm OD

Figure 42 HDPE Ribbed subduct with slickcore

30
 Figure 43 HDPE Tunable subduct

3.5.4.1 Problems in Production Line 8

1. There cannot be any defects during the coiling otherwise the whole coil has to be discarded. If
the customer wants 1000 m per reel and there is a defect at 998 m, the whole coil will have to be
thrown away.

2. It has general problems as the other production lines.

3.5.5 Production Line PVC Slab

This is a relatively new production line in the factory. The PVC slab is used to cover the
underground cable. The previous line discussed uses HDPE in the form of pellets while this line
uses PVC in the form of powder.

31
 Figure 44 Formula for PVC slab

3.5.5.1 PVC Slab processes

1. The material to be put is weighted according to the formula

2. The material is then put into a mixer at 160oC

Figure 45 Mixer

32
3. It then goes into extruder

Figure 46 Extruder

4. Next, it goes to a cooling process

Figure 47 Cooling process

33
5. Then, it goes into a puller where afterwards it is cut into desired length

Figure 48 Cutter

6. Lastly, words will be stamped on to the slab by a heat press machine

Figure 49 Stamping machine

34
 Figure 50 Final PVC Slab product

3.5.5.2 Problems in Production Line PVC Slab

1. The rate of PVC slab produced is faster than the rate of slab that can be stamped at a time

2. The stamping machine needs to rest every few hours because of the excessive heat

3. The stamping machine needs to be calibrated every few hours because the stamping head are
not aligned with each other.

35
4.0 CONCLUSION

Overall, it was successful internship for the author. He has learned huge amounts of knowledge
regarding the manufacturing of plastic pipes, the logistic behind it, how to achieve and maintain
the quality and lastly the valuable working experience where he had experience the day to day
operation in a factory.

Plastic pipes has significant advantage over metal pipes due to its high corrosion resistance. This
makes transporting water less worrisome to be affected by corrosion. It is also lighter and has
significant durability and long lasting.

It was a great experience interning at Dura-Mine Sdn Bhd. Since it is a small company, the author
has experienced in many departments and work and have been introduced to a lot of new things.

36
5.0 REFERENCES

1. Dura-Mine Sdn Bhd: Plastic products. Retrieved September 11 2017, from www.dura-mine.com

2. The Extrusion Process: Plastics Technology. Retrieved September 11 2017, from

www.ptonline.com/knowledgecenter/Profile-Extrusion/profile-extrusion-fundamentals/History-
and-fundamentals-of-extrusion

3. Megatuff HDPE Pipe. Retrieved September 11 2017, from

www.marleypipesystems.co.za/building-plastic-pipe-manufacturers/plumbing-plastic-pipe-and-
fittings/megatuff-hdpe-manufacturers

4. Polymer Extrusion. Retrieved September 11 2017, from http://www.che.ufl.edu/unit-ops-

lab/experiments;/PE/PE-theory.pdf

5. Pipe Systems: Production processes. Retrieved September 11 2017, from

http://www.teppfa.eu/production-processes/

37
6.0 APPENDICES

Appendix A

38
Appendix B

39
Appendix C

40
Appendix D

41
 42 E
Appendix
Appendix F

43
 Appendix G

44

View publication stats