Wright brother

The Wright brothers (Wright brothers), Orville (August 19, 1871 - January 30, 1948) and Wilbur
(April 16, 1867 - May 30, 1912) were two Americans who were noted as inventors of aircraft because
they succeeded in building the first aircraft successfully flown and controlled by humans on December
17, 1903. Two years after their discovery, the two brothers developed their 'flying machine' to form an
airplane that uses wings as we know it today. Although they were not the first to make an experimental
or experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to discover aircraft control so that airplanes
with rigidly mounted wings could be controlled.

biggest breakthrough was the discovery of the 'three axis control' used by all current airplanes.They
gained that mechanical expertise from working in their shop which was full of printing machines,
bicycles, motorcycles and other machines. From their bicycles they got the idea that unstable airplanes
could be controlled with training

Wright brothers were two of seven brothers. In elementary school, Orville was expelled from school.
In 1878, their father bought a toy 'helicopter' for their two youngest children. The toy is made of
bamboo and rubber to spin the propeller. Wilbur and Orville played it until it was broken, then made the
toys themselves. They claimed that their experience with bamboo helicopters was a source of their
interest in flying machines.

Early life

Wilbur Wright was born on April 16, 1867, near Millville, Indiana. He was the middle child in a family of
five children. His father, Milton Wright, was a bishop in the Church of the United Brethren in Christ. His
mother was Susan Catherine Koerner. As a child Wilbur’s playmate was his younger brother, Orville
Wright, born in 1871.Did you know? Neither Wilbur nor Orville attended college, but their younger sister
Katherine did.

Milton Wright’s preaching took him on the road frequently, and he often brought back small toys for
his children. In 1878 he brought back a small model helicopter for his boys. Made of cork, bamboo and
paper, and powered by a rubber band to twirl its blades, the model was based on a design by the French
aeronautical pioneer Alphonse Pénaud. Fascinated by the toy and its mechanics, Wilbur and Orville
would develop a lifelong love of aeronautics and flying.Wilbur was a bright and studious child, and
excelled in school. His personality was outgoing and robust, and he made plans to attend Yale University
after high school. In the winter of 1885-86, an accident changed the course of Wilbur’s life. He was badly
injured in an ice hockey game, when another player’s stick hit him in the face.Though most of his injuries
healed, the incident plunged Wilbur into a depression. He did not receive his high school diploma,
canceled plans for college, and retreated to his family’s home. Wilbur spent much of this period at home,
reading books in his family’s library, and caring for his ailing mother. Susan Koerner died in 1889 of
tuberculosis.
 In 1889 the brothers started their own newspaper, the West Side News. Wilbur edited the paper, and
Orville was the publisher. The brothers also shared a passion for bicycles- a new craze that was sweeping
the country. In 1892 Wilbur and Orville opened a bike shop, fixing bicycles and selling their own design.2

Developing the Airplane

Always working on different mechanical projects and keeping up with scientific research, the Wright
brothers closely followed the research of German aviator Otto Lilienthal. When Lilienthal died in a glider
crash, the brothers decided to start their own experiments with flight. Determined to develop their own
successful design, Wilbur and Orville headed to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, known for its strong
winds.Wilbur and Orville set to work trying to figure out how to design wings for flight. They observed
that birds angled their wings for balance and control, and tried to emulate this, developing a concept
called “wing warping.” When they added a moveable rudder, the Wright brothers found they had the
magic formula-on December 17, 1903, they succeeded in flying the first free, controlled flight of a
power-driven, heavier than air plane. Wilbur flew their plane for 59 seconds, at 852 feet, an
extraordinary achievement.The Wright brothers soon found that their success was not appreciated by all.
Many in the press, as well as fellow flight experts, were reluctant to believe the brothers’ claims at all. As
a result, Wilbur set out for Europe in 1908, where he hoped he would have more success convincing the
public and selling airplanes.

Death and Legacy

Wilbur fell ill on a trip to Boston in April 1912. He was diagnosed with typhoid fever, and died on May 30
at his family home in Dayton, Ohio. Milton Wright wrote in his diary, ““A short life, full of consequences.
An unfailing intellect, imperturbable temper, great self-reliance and as great modesty, seeing the right
clearly, pursuing it steadily, he lived and died.2

Question :

Who are Wilbur and orville?

When and where was Wilbur born?

When their mother died?

What is the name of concept for their observation of birth?

Terjemahan

Wright Brothers

Wilbur dan Orville Wright adalah penemu dan pelopor penerbangan Amerika. Pada tahun 1903, Wright
bersaudara mencapai penerbangan pesawat bertenaga, berkelanjutan, dan terkontrol; mereka
melampaui tonggak sejarah mereka sendiri dua tahun kemudian ketika mereka membangun dan
menerbangkan pesawat yang sepenuhnya praktis pertama.

Masa muda

Wilbur Wright lahir pada 16 April 1867, dekat Millville, Indiana. Dia adalah anak tengah dalam keluarga
lima anak. Ayahnya, Milton Wright, adalah seorang uskup di Gereja United Brethren in Christ. Ibunya
adalah Susan Catherine Koerner. Sebagai anak teman bermain Wilbur adalah adik laki-lakinya, Orville
Wright, lahir pada tahun 1871.Tahukah kamu? Baik Wilbur maupun Orville tidak kuliah, tetapi adik
perempuan mereka Katherine.Khotbah Milton Wright sering membawanya di jalan, dan ia sering
membawa kembali mainan kecil untuk anak-anaknya. Pada 1878 ia membawa kembali sebuah helikopter
model kecil untuk anakanaknya. Terbuat dari gabus, bambu dan kertas, dan ditenagai oleh karet gelang
untuk memutar baling-balingnya, model ini didasarkan pada desain oleh perintis penerbangan Prancis
Alphonse Pénaud. Terpesona oleh mainan dan mekaniknya, Wilbur dan Orville akan mengembangkan
cinta aeronautika dan terbang seumur hidup.Wilbur adalah anak yang cerdas dan rajin belajar, dan
unggul di sekolah. Kepribadiannya ramah dan kuat, dan dia membuat rencana untuk menghadiri
Universitas Yale setelah sekolah menengah. Pada musim dingin 1885-86, kecelakaan mengubah arah
kehidupan Wilbur. Dia terluka parah dalam pertandingan hoki es, ketika tongkat pemain lain memukul
wajahnya.Meskipun sebagian besar lukanya sembuh, insiden itu membuat Wilbur depresi. Dia tidak
menerima ijazah sekolah menengahnya, membatalkan rencana kuliah, dan mundur ke rumah
keluarganya. Wilbur menghabiskan sebagian besar periode ini di rumah, membaca buku di perpustakaan
keluarganya, dan merawat ibunya yang sakit. Susan Koerner meninggal pada tahun 1889 karena TBC.

Pada tahun 1889, saudara-saudara memulai surat kabar mereka sendiri, Berita Sisi Barat. Wilbur
mengedit kertas itu, dan Orville adalah penerbitnya. Saudara-saudara juga berbagi hasrat akan sepeda -
kegemaran baru yang melanda negeri ini. Pada tahun 1892 Wilbur dan Orville membukatoko sepeda,
memperbaiki sepeda dan menjual desain mereka sendiri.Mengembangkan PesawatSelalu bekerja pada
proyek mekanis yang berbeda dan mengikuti penelitian ilmiah, Wright bersaudara dengan cermat
mengikuti penelitian penerbang Jerman, Otto Lilienthal. Ketika Lilienthal meninggal dalam kecelakaan
glider, saudara-saudara memutuskan untuk memulai eksperimen mereka sendiri dengan penerbangan.
Bertekad untuk mengembangkan desain sukses mereka sendiri, Wilbur dan Orville menuju ke Kitty
Hawk, North Carolina, yang dikenal karena angin kencang4

Wilbur dan Orville mulai bekerja untuk mencari tahu bagaimana merancang sayap untuk
penerbangan. Mereka mengamati bahwa burung memiringkan sayapnya untuk keseimbangan dan
kontrol, dan mencoba meniru ini, mengembangkan konsep yang disebut "sayap melengkung." Ketika
mereka menambahkan kemudi yang dapat dipindahkan, saudara Wright menemukan bahwa mereka
memiliki formula ajaib - pada 17 Desember 1903, mereka berhasil menerbangkan penerbangan pertama
yang dikendalikan dan dikendalikan bebas tenaga, lebih berat daripada pesawat udara.Wilbur
menerbangkan pesawat mereka selama 59 detik, pada ketinggian 852 kaki, sebuah pencapaian luar
biasa.

Wright bersaudara segera menemukan bahwa keberhasilan mereka tidak dihargai oleh semua. Banyak
wartawan, serta rekan ahli penerbangan, yang enggan mempercayai klaim saudara-saudara itu sama
sekali. Akibatnya, Wilbur berangkat ke Eropa pada tahun 1908, di mana ia berharap akan lebih berhasil
meyakinkan publik dan menjual pesawat terbang.

Kematian dan Warisan

Wilbur jatuh sakit dalam perjalanan ke Boston pada bulan April 1912. Dia didiagnosis menderita demam
tifoid, dan meninggal pada 30 Mei di rumah keluarganya di Dayton, Ohio. Milton Wright menulis dalam
buku hariannya, ““ Hidup yang singkat, penuh konsekuensi. Kecerdasan yang tak putus-putusnya,
temperamen yang tak tergoyahkan, kemandirian yang luar biasa, dan sebagai kerendahan hati yang
besar, melihat yang benar dengan jelas, terus mengejar itu, ia hidup dan mati.5