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THE DATABASE Learning Outcome:

DEVELOPMENT O Identify the components of Information System
PROCESS Structure;
O Explain the Methodologies of System
Development Life Cycle;
O Describe the life cycle of a system development
project;
BERNARD G. SANIDAD O Discuss the stages of System Development Life
Cycle;

ENTERPRISE DATA MODEL

O Establishes the range
and general contents
of organizational
databases.
O Create an overall
picture or explanation
of organizational data,
not the design for a
particular database.
O Specifies scope and
general content

Information System
O Resources that enable collection,
INFORMATION SYSTEM management, control, and
dissemination of information
ARCHITECTURE throughout an organization.

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INFORMATION SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE
OA conceptual O Data

blueprint or plan O Processes

O Data Network
that expresses
O People - who perform processes and send and
the desired future
receive data
structure for the O Events and points in time - when processes are
information performed
systems in an O Reasons for events and rules – govern data
organization. processing

Data
Processes
O STUDENT 2NF
StudNo FullName Course Block
991234 Azores, Gary BSCS 2C2
991257 FLORES, Marth BSECE 3C1
996738 SIOJO, Sandra BSCS 2C1

O SUBJECT 2NF
Subjcode Title
CS212 Operating System
CS222 DBMS
CS312 Software Eng
Eng2 Technical Writing
ECE32 Principles of Com
Fil1 Panitikang Filipino

Data Network People

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System Development Life

Cycle
O The traditional methodology used to
develop, maintain, and replace
information systems.
O is a conceptual model that describes the
stages involved in an information system
development project from an initial
feasibility study through maintenance of
the completed application
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Project Identification
Methodologies and Selection

Project Initiation
and Planning
1. The Waterfall Model - is the first SDLC
method and often considered as the classic Analysis

approach to systems development which

describes a development method that is Logical Design

linear and sequential.

Physical Design

Implementation

16 Maintenance

Project
Project Identification
Identification Project Identification
and
and Selection
Selection Purpose --preliminary understanding and Selection Purpose – state business situation and solution
Deliverable –request for project Deliverable – request for analysis
Project Initiation Project
Project Initiation
Initiation
and Planning and
and Planning
Planning

Analysis Analysis

Logical Design Logical Design

Physical Design Physical Design

Database activity – Database activity –

Implementation Implementation
enterprise modeling conceptual data modeling
Maintenance Maintenance

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Project Identification
and Selection Purpose – thorough analysis
Deliverable – functional system specifications
O Conceptual Modeling - The analyst Project Initiation
and Planning

develops a diagram as well as other Analysis

Analysis

documentation, to outline the scope

Logical Design
of data involved in this particular
development project without Physical Design

consideration of what databases Database activity –

conceptual data modeling
Implementation

already exist. Maintenance

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Systems Analysis

O Conceptual schema - A detailed, Organizational

technology independent specification

of the overall structure of
organizational data. Key
Areas of
Systems
Analysis
Present Functional
System Requirements

Types of Nonfunctional
Functional Requirement Requirement

Examples of Functional Requirements

• User Interface Requirements
Automatic entry of product data and easy-to-use data entry screens for Web
customers.
• Processing Requirements
Fast, automatic calculation of sales totals and shipping costs.
•Storage Requirements
Fast retrieval and update of data from product, pricing, and customer
databases.
• Control Requirements
Signals for data entry errors and quick e-mail confirmation for
customers.
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Project Identification
and Selection
Purpose – information requirements structure
Deliverable – detailed design specifications
Project Initiation
and Planning O Logical Schema - The representation
Analysis of a database for a particular data
management technology.
Logical
Logical Design
Design

Physical Design

Database activity –
Implementation
logical database design
Maintenance

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Project Identification Purpose – develop technology specs

and Selection
Deliverable – program/data
Project Initiation
and Planning
structures, technology purchases,
organization redesigns
O Physical schema - is a set of
Analysis specifications that describe how data
from a logical schema are stored in a
Logical Design
computer’s secondary memory by a
Physical
Physical Design
Design
specific database management
Database activity –
physical database design
Implementation system.
Maintenance

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System Design Project Identification Purpose – programming, testing, training,

and Selection installation, documenting
Project Initiation Deliverable – operational programs,
and Planning documentation, training materials

User Interface Data Design Process Design Analysis

Design
Logical Design

•Screen , Form, Report Data Element Program and Procedure

And Dialog Design Structure Design Design Physical Design

Database activity –
Implementation
Implementation
database implementation
Maintenance

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Rapid Application
Project Identification
and Selection Purpose – monitor, repair, enhance Development
Deliverable – periodic audits
Project Initiation
and Planning O initial emphasis is
Analysis on creating a
prototype that
Logical Design
looks and acts
Physical Design
like the desired
Database activity –
database maintenance
Implementation product in order
Maintenance
Maintenance
to test its
33 usefulness.

Joint Application
Spiral Model
Development
O a methodology that involves the end- O combines the features of the
users or clients in the design and
development of an application, through prototyping model and the waterfall
a succession of collaborative model. The spiral model is favored for
workshops. large, expensive, and complicated
O is a technique that allows the projects.
development, management, and
customer groups to work together to
build a product.

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V-model
O is considered as the extension of the Review/Test

waterfall model but instead of moving down, Requirement Analysis Operational Testing

the process are bent upwards after the

coding stage to form the V shape. High-level
Design
Integration Testing

O defines a uniform procedure for systems

development wherein system validation is Detailed Unit
Specifications Testing
carried-out through activities that occur
throughout the entire development.
Coding

Synchronize-and-Stabilize
Prototyping
Method
O Is the rapid development and testing of
O allows teams to work in parallel on
working models of new applications in
individual application modules,
an interactive, iterative process that can
frequently synchronizing their code with
be used by both IS specialists and
that of other teams, and debugging
business professionals.
(stabilizing) code regularly throughout
the development process.

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Prototyping Managing Projects:

People Involved
Identify an End User’s Business
Investigation/Analysis
Requirements
O Business analysts
O Systems analysts - perform business analyst activities
but also specify computer systems requirements and
Develop Business System
Analysis/Design
typically have a stronger systems development
Prototypes background than business analysts.
O Database analysts and data modelers - individuals that
concentrate on determining the requirements and
Revise the Prototypes to Better
Design/ Implementation
design for the database component of the information
Meet End User Requirements system.
O Users - Users provide assessments of their information
needs and monitor that the developed system meets
Used and Maintain the their needs.
Accepted Business System Implementation/Maintenance
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O Programmers - These individuals design and write

computer programs that have commands to maintain
and access data in the database embedded in them.
O Database architects - These individuals establish
standards for data in business units, striving to attain
optimum data location, currency, and quality.
O Data administrators - These individuals have
responsibility for existing and future databases and
ensure consistency and integrity across databases, and
as experts on database technology, provide consulting
and training to other project team members.
O Project managers - Project managers oversee assigned
projects, including team composition, analysis, design,
implementation, and support of projects.
O Other technical experts - Other individuals are needed in
areas such as networking, operating systems, testing,
data warehousing, and documentation.