University of Guayaquil

Faculty of Ingeniería Industrial

Ingineeering in teleinformatics
Engineering in teleinformatics
Electronica
“10W AUDIO AMPLIFIER WITH TDA2003 WITH
RHYTHMIC VU METER "
AUTORY
Quiñonez Mina Anselma

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INTRODUCTION
Electronics gives us the opening and operation of different types of electronic elements, in our case we
will use the knowledge learned in the class to build this 10 watt amplifier.
goals
1. verify and implement the operation of an audio amplifier
2. Develop the analysis of each of the components

• THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.

SOUND
As good, the sound is composed of waves, more specifically by sound waves. These have a type of
mechanical waves that have the ability to stimulate the human ear through vibrations and generate the
sensation of sound sensation in our brain. These are the causes by an elastic medium, the air and is
produced by the displacement of the molecules of the air due to the action of an external pressure. Each
molecule transmits the vibration to the one next to it, causing a chain movement. Thus, sound is the result
of these displacements.

Ilustración 1 ARMONICOS DEL SONIDO

AUDIO SIGNAL
An audio signal is an electrically accurate analog signal to a sound signal;
It is normally bounded to the range of frequencies audible by humans that
is between 20 and 20,000 Hz. An audio signal can be characterized by its
dynamics (peak value, dynamic range, power, signal-to-noise ratio) or by
its spectral composition (bandwidth, fundamental frequency, harmonics,
harmonic distortion, etc.). Thus, for example, a signal representing human
voice (voice signal) usually does not have relevant information beyond 10
kHz, and in fact in fixed telephony only the first 3.8 kHz are taken. At 2
kHz it is enough for the voice to be understandable, but not to recognize the
speaker.

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 Ilustración 2 SEÑAL DE AUDIO

STRUCTURE OF A POWER STAGE OR AMPLIFICATION

The power stage is responsible for supplying the power to the speakers at
the rhythm of the input signal. The loudspeakers are those that transform
the electrical power into acoustic power. The following figure shows how
the stage increases the voltage of the signal without disturbing the
waveform, also supplying a large amount of current.
The main characteristic that defines a power or amplification stage is the
power it can deliver to the output.

Ilustración 3 SEÑAL DE ENTRADA Y SALIDA DE UNA ETAPA DE POTENCIA EN

RELACION A SU AMPLITUD EN VOLTIOS

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Illustration 4 GLOBAL STRUCTURE OF A POWER STAGE
Input control: it is the point where the input signal arrives. This section defines the input
impedance of the device and is where the desired level of amplification is selected. It increases
the voltage of the input signal a little before passing it to the driver. The controls that control the
output power work on this stage.
• Exciting stage: is responsible for exciting the power stage. To do this, it greatly amplifies the
signal it receives from the input control to raise its voltage a lot before passing it to the
amplification stage.
• Power or output stage: it is in charge of giving the necessary power to the signal. The signal it
receives has a lot of voltage, but very little intensity. This stage is the one that provides several
amps of electric current intensity to the signal, however, it hardly increases the voltage that it
brought from the driver. It handles very high voltages and currents and is the one that demands
the most energy resources from the power source, that is, the one that consumes the most.
AMPLIFIER
An amplifier has the function of increasing the current intensity, the voltage or the power of the
signal that is applied to its input; obtaining the increased signal at the exit. To amplify the power
it is necessary to obtain the energy from an external power source.

TYPES OF AMPLIFIERS Basically, you can do the division according to the elements
that are going to be used, so we can talk about two types of amplifiers: - Amplifiers made
with valves. - Amplifiers made with transistors. AMPLIFIERS MADE WITH VALVES
Valves were the active electronic devices par excellence from the beginning of the
century until well into the sixties. Then they were superseded by tiny transistors and solid
state diodes, capable of performing the same functions in much smaller spaces, with a
lower weight and operating temperatures much lower than those of the valves. It seemed
to be a great relief for the musicians, as they got more power and less weight. At the

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 beginning of the seventies, we started betting on the amplification of transistors and

began to manufacture amplifiers of this type.

Ilustración 5 AMPLIFICADOR A VALVULAS

AMPLIFIERS MADE WITH TRANSISTORS

Circuits that do not use valves are called transistors or solid-state circuits because they
do not use devices that contain gas or liquid. One of the reasons why transistors are used
is because the valves are prohibitively expensive for very high power amplifiers, since
most tube amplifiers give less than fifty watts per channel
.

Ilustración 6 AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO CON TRANSISTORES

AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO
Un amplificador de audio incrementa la potencia de cualquier señal de audio, siempre y cuando
se cuente con una fuente externa de energía para amplificar dicha señal. Un amplificador
operacional no es capaz por si solo de entregar corrientes muy grandes por la salida, por lo que
no podemos conectarles directamente un altavoz y oír música, el problema está en la corriente
(Amperios) que son capaces de entregar, es por eso que se utilizara un TDA2003 para realizar la
amplificación de audio.

señal de audio amplificador de audio señal de audio amplificada

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 TDA 2003
Este amplificador, entrega 10 Watts de salida, a pesar de su sencilla configuración en sus
terminales, además de los pocos componentes externos necesarios para el montaje de un excelente
amplificador de audio, ya que la fidelidad y potencia son excelentes. Este amplificador se presta
para modificar o sustituir amplificadores en radios de automóviles, ya que opera con 12 volts.

Ilustración ENCAPSULADO 7 TDA 2003

El TDA2003 es un dispositivo que proporciona una capacidad de alta corriente de salida (Hasta
3.5A) con muy poca distorsión. Garantiza una operación segura puesto que tiene protección de
cortocircuito ya sea para AC o DC. Para conectar este dispositivo debemos tener en cuenta la
configuración de las terminales que nos proporciona el fabricante, además de los componentes
externos que son necesarios para la configuración del mismo. Una segunda configuración del FET
es el circuito de Drenaje común llamado también Fuente seguidor este circuito proporciona una
ganancia de voltaje menor que 1 sin inversión de polaridad. Además el circuito proporciona una
impedancia muy alta y una baja impedancia de salida. Para el cálculo de las impedancias de
ingreso y salida se utiliza.

El PIN1 es la entrada de audio no inversora.

El PIN2 es la entrada de audio inversora.
El PIN3 es la tierra del dispositivo.
El PIN4 es la salida de audio amplificada.
El PIN5 es para suministro de energía del dispositivo.

Ilustración 8 CONFIGURACION DE PINES TDA2003

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A.- AMPLIFICADOR TDA2003

.- ESQUEMA.

Ilustración 9 AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO 10W

FUNCIONAMIENTO

Ilustración 10 FUNCIONAMIENTO DE AMLIFICADOR TDA2003

 MATERIALES
La lista de materiales esta enumerados en la siguiente tabla cada elemento es de fácil adquisición.

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 Cantidad Descripción Precio
1 Pot. 100k $0.25
Resistencias
4 1k,1ohm,390ohm, $0.60
3.3ohm
Capacitores
2 $0.75
1000uF
1 Capacitor 10uF $0.30
Capacitor
1 $0.30
470uF
Parlante 8 ohms
1 $5
10 w
Disipador de
1 $0.75
calor

 LISTA HERRAMIENTAS Y EQUIPOS

MATERIALES:

 Sonda para osciloscopio.

 Protoboard
 Cuaderno

HERRAMIENTAS:

 Fuente DC.
 Osciloscopio
 Multímetro.

 DESARROLLO DE LA PRÁCTICA.

A.- AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO

Ilustración 11 AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO

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Para comprobar el funcionamiento del amplificador procedimos a tomar valores de señal de
ingreso y de salida, tomando como referencia varios tipos de géneros musicales por ende varias
señales de entrada de audio.

SEÑALES SIMULADAS
FRECUENCIA DE 100 HZ

Ilustración 17 SEÑAL SIMULADA A 100Hz

FRECUECUENCIA DE 500Hz

Ilustración 18 SIMULACION FRECUENCIA DE SEÑAL 500Hz

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 FRECUENCIA A 5KH

VUMETRO
El vúmetro fue desarrollado originalmente en 1939 por Bell Labs para
la medición y la normalización de los niveles en las líneas telefónicas.
Actualmente suelen incluirse en equipos de audio para mostrar un
nivel de señal en unidades de volúmen.
Bien, básicamente un vúmetro es un medidor de volúmen. Hoy en dia, existen vúmetros
construidos de muchas formas diferentes, podemos encontrarlos analógicos, otros a base de leds
normalmente verdes, amarillos y rojos, e incluso representando las unidades de volúmen en
forma de barra en una pantalla LCD.
Construcción
El vúmetro que se acoplara la amplificación de 10w con el TDA2003 , se contruye utilizando
el integrado Lm3914 .
LM3914

The integrated circuit LM3914 consists of a series of operational amplifiers in comparator

mode, which will activate a scale of LEDs in steps that depend on the reference voltage set in
the integrated circuit.
According to the resolution achieved, each LED will be activated within the scale, which is
usually located at around 125mv per LED with linear response.
Reference Voltage.

Through pins 6, 7 and 8 we can adjust the reference voltage, to activate the scale of LEDs.
Taking into account the previous diagram, we see that the value of R1 is 1.2k (1200 ohms) and
R2 is 3.9k (3900 ohms); applying the formula proposed in the LM3914 datasheet (Reference

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Voltage = 1.25 * (1+ R2 / R1)), we will obtain the range of voltages on which the LM3914 will
work.
Solving the formula, we would obtain the following result:
1.25 * (3.9k / 1.2k + 1) = 5.31v.
This means that the LM3914, will read in its input (pin 5) a voltage between 0 and 5.31vdc. It is
also good to know, how much voltage will increase the scale; to know it, it is enough to divide
the number of exits (10 in total) with the maximum voltage that can reach the entrance.
In this example, it will be the result of dividing 5.31 / 10 = 0.5v. Each led of the scale will turn
on then, when the input is increased by 0.5v, as can be seen below:
Led 1 = 0.5v
Led 2 = 1.0v
Led 3 = 1.5v
Led 4 = 2.0v
Led 5 = 2.5v
Led 6 = 3.0v
Led 7 = 3.5v
Led 8 = 4.0v
Led 9 = 4.5v
Led 10 = 5.0v
Leds scale
The output of the LEDs is mostly between pins 10 and 18; what represents an advantage, when
connecting the integrated circuit in a protoboard or to make the printed circuit. The connection
for LED 1 is available on pin 1 of the integrated circuit.

 MATERIALES

Cantidad Descripción Precio

1 CI LM3914 $1.50
10 LEDS $0.20 C/U
2 Capacitores 1uF $0.75
Resistencias
1 $0.25
100k ,1k
1 Diodo IN914 $0.20
Potenciómetro
1 $0.25
100k

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 Switch 1
1 $0.50
ampere
Fuente de 12v
1 $5.50
dc

The input signal of the VU meter is connected in parallel to the output with the loudspeaker of the
amplification, the effect is shown depending on the volume of the amplification.
• CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
He practiced them by applying the knowledge learned in classes and additional researches for the
development of the project.
It is recommended to use the heat sink and thermal paste since the amplification is too much work and
tends to heat up, also does not increase the voltage more than 12 volts which could burn the maximum
components could increase to 14 volts

• BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES.

[1] Title: "INTRODUCTORY ANALYSIS OF CIRCUITS". Boylestad, Robert. 10th Edition, 1999

[2] Book "ELECTRONIC PRACTICES" Paul B Zbar, Albert Paul lalvino, Michael A Miller. Pg 261-263

[3] Boylestad, Nashelsky: "Electronics: Circuit Theory and Electronic Devices" sixth edition

https://www.tecnologiarobotica.com/proyectos/vumetro-como-funcionan-y-como-hacerlos/

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