Introduction to MATLAB

MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation,

visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are
expressed in familiar mathematical notation. ... Math and computation. Algorithm development.
Modeling, simulation, and prototyping

How to use MATLAB :

When you start MATLAB, a special window called the MATLAB desktop appears. The desktop
is a window that contains other windows. The major tools within or accessible from the desktop
are:

The Command Window

The Workspace

As in Power Electronics, we are concerned with simulation. For this we write “Simulink”
Then a tab will open named,” Simulink library browser” from where we can chose our required
Components .

We need a worksheet, where we can place our components, design our circuit and interrelate the
components. We click on “new model” on the Simulink library browser’s tab. And in power
electronics, our mainly and mostly components are in “simscap” in Different categories.
 LAB #2
Implementation of single phase uncontrolled rectifier
using power diode

Introduction:

A half wave rectifier is a type of rectifier which allows only half cycle (either positive half
cycle or negative half cycle) of the input AC signal while the half cycle is blocked.

Components required :
1. Ac voltage
2. Power diode
3. Resistor
4. Scope
5. Power gui
6. Voltage measurement

Figure 1 : circuit of half wave rectifier

Procedure:
The circuit of half wave rectifier is shown in figure 1

 First we connect the positive terminal of ac voltage source to one positive terminal of
power diode
 Then connect the negative terminal of power diode to the resistor
  The negative terminal of ac voltage is connected to the second the second point of
resistor
 Then attach scope to the resistor to see the waveform output

Figure 2 : input waveform Figure 3 : output waveform

Result :

input signal is shown in figure 2

During the positive half cycle the diode is under forward bias condition and it conducts
current. During the positive half cycles, the input voltage is applied directly to the load
resistance as shown in figure 3

During the negative half cycle, the diode is under reverse bias condition and it does not
conduct current. During the negative half cycle, the voltage and current across the load
remains zero as shown in figure 3
 Single Phase Full Wave Rectifier

A full wave rectifier is a type of rectifier which converts both half cycles of the AC signal into
pulsating DC signal.

Components required :
 Ac voltage
 Power diode
 Resistor
 Scope

Figure 1 . circuit of full wave rectifier

Prcoedure :
 The circuit of half wave rectifier is shown in figure 1
 First we connect the positive terminal of ac voltage source to positive terminal of power
diode 4 and negative terminal of power diode 2.
 Similarly , connect the negative terminal of ac voltage source to positive terminal of
power diode 3 and negative terminal of power diode 1.
  Connect the negative terminal of diode 2 and 1 and also connect the positive terminal of
diode 4 and 4
 Place the resistor between the 4 diode where its one terminal is connected with diode 2
and 4 while the other terminal is connected with diode 1 and 3
 Then attach scope to the resistor to see the waveform output

Figure 2 : input waveform Figure 3 : output waveform

Result :
During the first half cycle of the input voltage diodes D1 and D3 are forward biased and current
flows enters the load resistance R, During this half of each input cycle, the diodes D2 and D4 are
reverse biased and current is not allowed to flow .

During the second half cycle of the input voltage diodes D2 and D4 become forward biased and
current flows through enters the load resistance RL During this half of each input cycle, the
diodes D1 and D3 are reverse biased and current is not allowed to flow
3 Phase Full wave rectification circuit :
The full-wave three-phase uncontrolled bridge rectifier circuit uses six diodes, two per phase in a
similar fashion to the single-phase bridge rectifier. A 3-phase full-wave rectifier is obtained by
using two half-wave rectifier circuits

Components Required :
 Ac voltage
 Power diode
 Resistor
 Scope

Figure 1 : circuit diagram of 3 phase full wave rectifier

Procedure :
The circuit of 3 phase full wave rectifier is shown in figure 1

 In 3 phase full wave rectifier we use 3 ac source .

 the positive terminal of ac voltage source 1 to positive terminal of power diode 6 and
negative terminal of power diode 2.
 Similarly the positive terminal of ac voltage source 2 to positive terminal of power diode 3
and negative terminal of power diode 1.
  the positive terminal of ac voltage source 1 to positive terminal of power diode 5 and
negative terminal of power diode 4.
 Join the negative terminal of diode 6,3and 5 and join the positive terminal of diode 1,2 and 4
 Connect the resistor with one terminal is connected with join negative terminal of diode 6,3 and
5 and the other terminal with join positive terminal of diode 1,2 and 4
 Then attach scope to the resistor to see the waveform output

Figure 2 : input waveform Figure 3 : output waveform

 LAB #3
Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier Using Thyristor
Thyristor:
A Thyristor is a four-layered semiconductor rectifier in which the flow of current between two
electrodes is triggered by a signal at a third electrode. A Thyristor usually has three electrodes:
an anode, a cathode, and a gate.

Components Required :
 Ac voltage
 Thyristor
 Resistor
 Scope
 Pulse generator
 Voltage measurement

Figure 1 : circuit diagram of single phase half wave control rectifier

Procedure:
The circuit of half wave controlled rectifier is shown in figure 1

 First we connect the positive terminal of ac voltage source to one positive terminal of thyristor
  Then connect the negative terminal of thyristor to the resistor
 Attach pulse generator to the gate terminal of thyristor .
 The negative terminal of ac voltage is connected to the second terminal of resistor
 Then attach scope to the resistor to see the waveform output

Figure 2 : input waveform

Figure 3 : output waveform (0 degree) Figure 3 : output waveform (60 degree)

Result :
During the positive half cycle the diode is under forward bias condition and it conducts
current. During the positive half cycles, the input voltage is applied directly to the load
resistance but can be controlled with the help og gate pulse as shown in figure 3.

During the negative half cycle, the diode is under reverse bias condition and it does not
conduct current. During the negative half cycle, the voltage and current across the load
remains zero.
 LAB #4

Characteristic curve of Triac

Triac is a device consist of two antiparallel SCR(silicon control

rectifier) that allow current to flow in both direction .

Components Required :
 Ac voltage
 Thyristor
 Resistor
 Scope
 Pulse generator
 Voltage measurement

Figure 1 : Circuit diagram of alternation voltage control

Procedure :
The circuit diagram is shown in figure 1

 First we connect the positive terminal of ac voltage source to positive terminal of both
thyristor
 Then connect the negative terminal of both thyristor to the resistor
 The two thyristor are connected in parallel and opposite direction .
 Attach pulse generator to the gate terminal of both thyristor .
  The negative terminal of ac voltage is connected to the second terminal of resistor
 Then attach scope to the resistor to see the waveform output

Figure 2: input of triac circuit

Figure 3:output(0 degree) Figure 4:output(60 degree)

Result :

Input is shown in figure 2

Triac works on reverse baise as well so we get the output of negative cycle as

well and we get the controlled output by adjusting the phase as shown in figure

3and 4 .
Single Phase Full Wave Controlled Rectifier

A full wave controlled rectifier is a type of rectifier which allows both half cycle (either
positive half cycle or negative half cycle) of the input AC signal to our desired output .

Figure 1 : circuit diagram of single phase half wave control rectifier

Components Required :
1. Ac voltage
2. Thyristor
3. Resistor
4. Scope
5. Pulse generator
6. Voltage measurement

Procedure :
The circuit of full wave controlled rectifier is shown in figure 1

 First we connect the positive terminal of ac voltage source to positive terminal of

thyristor 4 and negative terminal of thyristor 2.
 Similarly , connect the negative terminal of ac voltage source to positive terminal of
thyristor 3 and negative terminal of thyristor 1.
  Connect the negative terminal of thyristor 2 and 1 and also connect the positive terminal
of thyristor 3 and 4
 Place the resistor between the 4 thyristor where its one terminal is connected with
thyristor 2 and 4 while the other terminal is connected with thyristor 1 and 3
 Attach pulse generator to the gate terminal of thyristor .
 The first pulse generator is connected with the thyristor 1 and 3 and second pulse
generator is connected with the thyristor 2adn 4 with a phase shift of 180.
 Then attach scope to the resistor to see the output waveform

Result :
Input is shown in figure 2

During the first half cycle of the input voltage thyristor 1 and 3 are forward biased and current
flows enters the load resistance RL but can be controlled with the help of gate pulse of as shown
in figure 3

During the second half cycle of the input voltage thyristor 2 and 4 become forward biased and
current flows through enters the load resistance RL but can be controlled with the help of gate
pulse as shown in figure 3.

Figure 2: input of triac circuit

Figure 3:output(0 degree) Figure 3:output(60 degree)

 LAB #5

Conversion of DC (Direct current )to AC (Alternating curren)Half-

Bridge Inverter
Mosfet:
The MOSFET transistor is a semiconductor device which is widely used for switching and
amplifying electronic signals in the electronic devices.. The MOSFET is a four terminal device
with source, gate, drain and body terminals.

Figure 1 : circuit diagram of dc to ac half wave control inverter

Components:

1. MOSFET
2. Resistor
3. DC voltage source
4. Pulse Generator
5. Voltage measurement
6. NOT gate block
7. Scope
8. Power Gui
Procedure:

The circuit of half wave dc to ac inverter is shown in figure 1.

 Connect positive terminal of DC (direct current) voltage source to drain of first

MOSFET.
 Connect the source terminal of first MOSFET to the one terminal of resistor.
 Connect positive terminal of second DC voltage source to resistor and then connect the
other terminal of resistor to drain of second MOSFET.
 Connect the source of second MOSFET to negative terminal of second dc voltage source
 Connect pulse generator to MOSFET 1 and then connect another terminal to second
MOSFET through NOT gate
 Connect the voltage measurement across resistor and then connect to scope to see the
output waveform .

Result:
Whenwe apply both DC voltage source than the MOSFET 1 conduct due to pulse generator
and another one is off due to NOT gate. Than current pass through resistor and we observe
positive output signal as shown in Figure 3. And in another condition than second MOSFET
conduct and first one is in off state due to pulse generator .

Figure 2:input waveform Figure 3:output waveform