SUMMARY OF THE MIDTERM EVALUATION
THE INDONESIA WATER, SANITATION AND
HYGIENE PLUS ‘PENYEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
UNTUK SEMUA’ (IUWASH PLUS)
The midterm evaluation (MTE) of
the Indonesia Water, Sanitation and
Hygiene PLUS ‘Penyehatan Lingkungan
Untuk Semua’ (IUWASH PLUS)
Project aims to provide USAID, the
Government of Indonesia (GOI)
and other WASH stakeholders
with an objective review of the
project’s performance to date. The
purpose of the MTE is to determine:
(i) if any course correction is
required; (ii) how the project is
contributing to the achievement of
the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) and the GOI’s universal
access targets (100-0-100); and (iii)
what factors are needed to sustain
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and scale approaches beyond the
project period. The evaluation was
conducted with 35 months of the
project remaining and focused on
answering four questions related to
the project’s performance:
1. To what extent is the IUWASH
PLUS approach reaching the B40
(the bottom 40 percent of the
population in terms of wealth) with
WASH services?
2. Do the sustainability checklists
provide utility to the project
and serve as an effective tool
to measure the results of direct
activities?
3. To what extent are IUWASH
PLUS sanitation marketing
approaches effective in building
public-private interest in this
market-based approach?
4. How has IUWASH PLUS
influenced national- and city-level
policy in support of targeting the
B40 and achievement of United
Nation Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) SDGs 6.1 and 6.2?
FACT SHEET: IUWASH PLUS PROGRAM
 SUMMARY CONCLUSIONS
1. The project has done an excellent job in assisting LGs
in identifying urban areas with a high concentration
of poor households -- “hotspots.” This has raised
awareness among LGs as to the importance of serving
B40 populations.
2. To date, it has been IUWASH PLUS’ indirect work
with PDAMs that has resulted in the majority of B40
households’ receiving improved water services, and
these households mainly reside outside of hotspot
areas.1 The majority of those having received improved
access to basic and shared sanitation are also mainly in
non-hotspot areas.
3. The project’s approach to reaching the poor appears
to be sound in terms of the challenges being addressed;
however, as of the time of this MTE, IUWASH PLUS
results are inconclusive in terms of the effectiveness of
the approach in significantly increasing the availability
of WASH services for B40 urban populations. Several
key aspects of the program, such as working to increase
LG financial allocations for serving B40 populations, are
still in their early stages of implementation and will take
further time to reach fruition and demonstrate their
level of effectiveness.
4. A lack of available financing appears to be the most
significant constraint to expanding WASH services for B40
populations. This is the case for GOI financing of water
infrastructure and is also the case for the provision of
sanitation services at the community and household levels.
5. The use of Sustainability Checklists (SCs) has
directly and positively supported the development
of sustainable WASH infrastructure, including by
strengthening the capacity of CBOs. SCs have been
an effective tool to document and measure IUWASH
PLUS direct activities.
6. The project’s sanitation marketing strategy has not achieved
significant progress in developing private sector initiatives
to provide increased sanitation services to B40 populations.
The strategy lacks adequate analysis of the business models
that would attract the private sector and customers. It also
has an insufficient focus on the development of financing
approaches suitable for poor households.
7. IUWASH PLUS has engaged with GOI agencies and
other stakeholders to influence national policy supporting
SDGs in several important ways. The efforts have helped
to inform policy development through activities such as
workshops, study visits, and twinning agreements.
1
IUWASH PLUS indirect services are water connection services
provided directly by Indonesian regional water utility companies
(PDAMs) who have received technical assistance from IUWASH
PLUS.
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SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS
1. It is recommended that the project increase its focus
on expanding the availability of finance through the
following actions: 1) continue work to improve PDAM
financial and operational efficiency; 2) continue to
advocate for greater public resources to provide WASH
services to B40 populations, including the increased use
of subsidies; 3) increase engagement with the private
sector on the provision of sanitation products and
services, as the potential market is potentially large; and
4) continue to support policy and regulatory changes,
such as support for the current OJK initiative, so as to
increase the availability of financing mechanisms that can
be utilized by the B40.
2. There are a few aspects of IUWASH that are
particularly critical to its longer-term success, and which
to date are still in their early stages of implementation,
and thus somewhat untested. These include the ability
to strengthen PDAM efficiency and effectiveness in
ways that enable the PDAMs to serve an increased
number of B40, and the ability to influence LGs in ways
that make increased resources available to serve B40
populations. These aspects of the program should be
considered for rigorous testing under a focused learning
agenda.
3. SCs should continue to be used as they have proven
effective. The use of the checklists will benefit from
improved guidance and more consistent IUWASH PLUS
training and support.
4. IUWASH PLUS should work to revise and reinvigorate
its sanitation marketing strategy. An initial priority should
be to hire additional staff to provide the effort increased
attention. IUWASH PLUS should also redouble efforts
to develop viable financing models (appropriate for
B40 populations) and engage more directly with private
sector companies to develop a commercial market for
low-income sanitation products and services.
More detailed findings, conclusions and recommendations
are provided in the main report
FACT SHEET: IUWASH PLUS PROGRAM