A

COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT REPORT

ON

‘’ A STUDY ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN INDIA’’

Submitted to

SHREE CHIMAN BHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AN RESEARCH

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:-

DR. DEVINA UPADHYAY

Prepared by

Janvisheth Enrollment no.187680592142

Hetvividja Enrollment No.187680592175

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 PREFACE

Experience is the best teacher as solution of any problem is concern. As a student of

business management, we must have enough practical knowledge. This practical knowledge
cannot be available to students in the classroom. Therefore, that fieldwork is essential for
achieving such practical knowledge or experience.

We feel great pleasure in submitting this report as a part of our M.B.A. studies. We
prepare this report under fully supervision of Dr. Devina Upadhyay for making report.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Its our pleasure to be indebted to various people. Who directly or indirectly contributed in the
development of this work an who influenced my thinking, behavior and during the course of
study.
I am thankful to Dr. Devina Upadhyay for her support, cooperation guidance and motivation
provided to us. During the study for constant inspiration, presence and blessings.
I also extend our sincere appreciation to provide her valuable suggestions and precious time in
accomplishing our project report.
Lastly, I would like to think the almighty and our parents for their moral support and our friends
with whom I share our day to day experience and received lots of suggestion that improved our
quality of work.

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 DECLARATION

I Hereby declare that the Comprehensive Project Report entitled “A StudyOn

Human Trafficking ’’ is a result of our own work and our indebtedness to other
work publications, references, if any, have been duly acknowledged.

Place:-

Date:-

Enrolment No Name Signature

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 INDEX
Sr. No. Particulars No.
1 INRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction of Human Trafficking
1.2 Human Trafficking In India
1.3 Causes of Human Trafficking
1.4 Impact of Human Trafficking
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3..1 Objectives of topic
3.2 Research Plan
4 DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 Table of Data
4.2 Graphical Presentation
4.3 Interpretation of Data
5. FINDINGS
6 CONCLUSION

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1. INTRODUCTION

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 INTRODUCTION

Trafficking means a trade which is illegal. Human trafficking is carrying out a trade on
humans. Humans are trafficked for the purpose of sexual slavery, commercial sexual
exploitation, extraction of organs or tissues, forced marriage, forced labor or domestic
servitude. Human trafficking after drugs and the arms trade is the third largest organized
crime across the world. Human trafficking across the world is mainly done for sexual
exploitation where women and children turn as victims to it. Human trafficking is done
for a number of purposes but sadly in our country the act which exists against human
trafficking is Immoral Trafficking Prevention Act (ITPA) and it only combats against the
human trafficking if it is done for the purpose of sexual exploitation. So the legal
provisions relating to human trafficking as whole must be strengthened in order to
prevent human trafficking in India. There are international conventions for preventing
human trafficking of which more of the countries have ratified it. Human trafficking
leads to violation of human rights of the individuals and also they are subjected to
revictimization. The laws for human trafficking must be strengthened that it meets all the
requirements for preventing human trafficking. People who are in poverty line across the
country must be made aware about human trafficking and its consequences in order to
prevent them from becoming victims.Human trafficking is a group of crimes involving
the exploitation of men, women and children for financial gains which is violation of
fundamental human rights. Human trafficking is the 3rd largest international crime Over
one million people trafficked annually Millions of men, women, and children are victims
of human trafficking Human trafficking is a part of the larger problem of slavery.

An organized criminal activity in which human beings are treated as possessions to be

controlled and exploited.

The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the

threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the
abuse of power or of a vulnerability or the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve
the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.

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1 .Human trafficking is slavery.
Human trafficking is modern-day slavery. It involves one person controlling another and
exploiting him or her for work. Like historical slavery, human trafficking is a business that
generates billions of dollars a year. But unlike historical slavery, human trafficking is not
legal anywhere in the world. Instead of being held by law, victims are trapped physically,
psychologically, financially or emotionally by their traffickers.

2. it’s happening where you live.

Stories about human trafficking are often set in far-away places, like cities in Cambodia,
small towns in Moldova, or rural parts of Brazil. But human trafficking happens in cities and
towns all over the world, including in the United States. Enslaved farmworkers have been
found harvesting tomatoes in Florida and picking strawberries in California. Young girls
have been forced into prostitution in Toledo, Atlanta, Wichita, Los Angeles, and other cities
and towns across America. Women have been enslaved as domestic workers in homes in
Maryland and New York. And human trafficking victims have been found working in
restaurants, hotels, nail salons, and shops in small towns and booming cities. Wherever you
live, chances are some form of human trafficking has taken place there.

3. It's happening to people just like you.

Human trafficking doesn't discriminate on the basis of race, age, gender, or religion. Anyone
can be a victim. Most of the human trafficking victims in the world are female and under 18,
but men and older adults can be trafficking victims too. While poverty, lack of education,
and belonging to a marginalized group are all factors that increase risk of trafficking, victims
of modern-day slavery have included children from middle-class families, women with
college degrees, and people from dominant religious or ethnic groups.

4. Products you eat, wear, and use every day may have been made by human
trafficking victims.
Human trafficking isn't just in your town - it's in your home, since human trafficking victims
are forced to make many of the products we use every day, according
to ProductsofSlavery.org. If your kitchen is stocked with rice, chocolate, fresh produce,
fish, or coffee, those edibles might have been harvested by trafficking victims. If you're
wearing gold jewelry, athletic shoes, or cotton underwear, you might be wearing something
made by slaves. And if your home contains a rug, a soccer ball, fresh flowers, a cell phone,
or Christmas decorations, then slavery is quite possibly in your house. Human trafficking in
the production of consumer goods is so widespread, most people in America have worn,
touched, or consumed a product of slavery at some point.

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5. We can stop human trafficking in our lifetime.
The good news is not only that we can end human trafficking around the world, we can end it
within a generation. But to achieve that goal, everyone needs to work together. Already,
activists around the world are launching and winning campaigns to hold governments and
companies accountable for human trafficking, create better laws, and prevent trafficking in
their communities. You can start a campaign on Change.org to fight trafficking in your
community. You can also fight trafficking by buying from companies that have transparent
and slave-free supply chains, volunteering for or donating to organizations fighting
trafficking, and talking to your friends and family about the issue. Together, we can fight
human trafficking … and win.

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 HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN INDIA

Human trafficking in India, although illegal under Indian law, remains a significant problem.
People are frequently illegally trafficked through India for the purposes of commercial sexual
exploitation and forced/bonded labour. Although no reliable study of forced and bonded labour
has been completed, NGOs estimate this problem affects 20 to 65 million Indians. Men, women
and children are trafficked in India for diverse reasons. Women and girls are trafficked within the
country for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced marriage, especially in
those areas where the sex ratio is highly skewed in favour of men. Men and boys are trafficked
for the purposes of labour,[1] and may be sexually exploited by traffickers to serve as gigolos,
massage experts, escorts, etc. A significant portion of children are subjected to forced labour as
factory workers, domestic servants, beggars, and agriculture workers, and have been used as
armed combatants by some terrorist and insurgent groups.
India is also a destination for women and girls from Nepal and Bangladesh trafficked for the
purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Nepali children are also trafficked to India for forced
labour in circus shows. Indian women are trafficked to the Middle East for commercial sexual
exploitation. Indian migrants who migrate willingly every year to the Middle East
and Europe for work as domestic servants and low-skilled laborers may also end up part of the
human trafficking industry. In such cases, workers may have been 'recruited' by way of
fraudulent recruitment practices that lead them directly into situations of forced labour, including
debt bondage; in other cases, high debts incurred to pay recruitment fees leave them vulnerable
to exploitation by unscrupulous employers in the destination countries, where some are subjected
to conditions of involuntary servitude, including non-payment of wages, restrictions on
movement, unlawful withholding of passports, and physical or sexual abuse.
Human trafficking in India results in women suffering from both mental and physical issues.
Mental issues include disorders such as PTSD, depression and anxiety. The lack of control
women have in trafficking increases their risk of suffering from mental disorders. Women who
are forced into trafficking are at a higher risk for HIV, TB, and other STDs. Condoms are rarely
used and therefore there is a higher risk for victims to suffer from an STD.

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 CAUSES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

 Poverty- leading to the attraction of better living elsewhere

 Violence against women and children
 Lack of employment opportunities.
 Weak social and economic structure organized crime.
 Global demand for cheap labor.

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 IMPACT OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Human trafficking can have physical, emotional, and psychological effects on anyone involved.
It has the power to impact someone's life forever. Here are some common ways human
trafficking affects victims and perpetrators. As you read through this section, keep in mind that
many traffickers also experience trauma because of what they see and do to others, and many
traffickers have been victimized themselves at some point in their lives.

FOR THE VICTIMS

MENTAL TRAUMA

The U.S. Department of State explains, “Because traffickers dehumanize and objectify their
victims, victims’ innate sense of power, visibility, and dignity often become obscured.”

Victims of human trafficking can experience devastating psychological effects during and after
their trafficking experience. Many survivors may end up experiencing post-traumatic stress,
difficulty in relationships, depression, memory loss, anxiety, fear, guilt, shame, and other severe
forms of mental trauma.

PHYSICAL TRAUMA

Many victims also experience physical injuries. Those who have been sexually exploited are
often abused by their traffickers and customers. They may be raped, beaten, and subjected to
abuse over a long period of time. There is also a higher risk of contracting sexually transmitted
diseases, infections, diabetes, cancer, and other illnesses. A lack of proper medical care allows
these conditions to spread and worsen—often affecting an individual's health permanently.

Victims of forced labor may work in dangerous conditions for long hours doing repetitive tasks.
They may also be exposed to dangerous contaminants or work with heavy equipment. As a
result, many are subjected to serious infections, respiratory problems, injuries, impairments, and
exhaustion.3

OSTRACISM

Individuals who are being trafficked can quickly become isolated from friends, family, and other
social circles. This may be due to their personal feelings of guilt and shame or because they’ve
relocated and now live far away from their community. Either way, victims can become isolated,
withdrawn, and lose contact with most people.

Some individuals who return home or escape a trafficking situation may even be excluded from
social groups due to a stigma they now face; they may be shunned by their family and friends
and feel unloved and unwanted.4 Unfortunately, this isolation can make them vulnerable to being
trafficked again or lead them to return to an abusive lifestyle.

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LACK OF INDEPENDENT LIVING SKILLS

Many victims who escape a trafficking situation lack advanced education and the resources
needed to live independently. They may not understand laws in the country where they now
reside or may not speak the language. They may have been trafficked at a young age and were
unable to attend school or go to college. After being confined to the same job for a long period of
time and not being allowed to learn new skills, victims can become dependent. When the time
comes, they may have a hard time living on their own.

FOR THE TRAFFICKERS

MONEY

Human trafficking is the fastest-growingcriminal industry in the world, second in size only to
drug trafficking. Traffickers generates $150 billion per year, according to the International Labor
Organization. $99 billion of that is generated through sex trafficking alone, while the other $51
billion is generated through labor trafficking. The more traffickers participate in the exploitation
of others, the more money they make for themselves.

CHEAP LABOR

Traffickers use deception to attract employees to work for them. They may promise a safe
working environment and fair pay. In reality, employees are often forced to work long, hard
hours for little or no pay. By using threats or violence, employers can convince their employees
to continue working for them and to keep quiet.

ESCAPE FROM VICTIMIZATION

Once victims age out of their current positions, they may be offered a job as a trafficker. Some
accept the new position to escape their own victimization. They then begin exploiting others.

Human trafficking continues to grow in staggering numbers around the world. The effects of
this injustice are far reaching, impacting all individuals involved, their communities, and
generations that follow. While the causes and effects are varied and multifaceted, sustainable
change can happen if survivors are rescued and their perpetrators are arrested. The more
dangerous human trafficking becomes for traffickers, the less likely they will continue exploiting
others.

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 WHAT CAN YOU DO TO HELP PREVENT HT:-

We believe we all have a role to play in creating a free world. Our organization focuses on
working with local police to find and free modern slaves and arrest traffickers, but there are
numerous ways YOU can help fight human trafficking in your own community.

 Bring awareness to your social circles so your friends and family know more about trafficking.
 Consider volunteering with a local counter-trafficking organization.
 Donate money to an organization that works on the front lines.
 Call the National Human Trafficking Hotline if you notice suspicious activity.
 Be a friend to someone who’s alone and vulnerable.
 Call your local police department
 Report suspected trafficking crimes.
 Contact the department of justice’s HT office at 1-888-428-7581

No action is too small. Never underestimate the difference you can make in someone's life
through one small act of kindness.

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 FEATURES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING:-

o Human traffickers prey on some of the most vulnerable members of society,

exploiting them for sex, labor, and servitude. A heinous crime, human trafficking
destroys families and shatters lives.
o There is no single profile of a trafficking victim, but regardless of their
background, a common denominator among all victims is some form of
vulnerability. In the United States specifically, some of the most highly
vulnerable populations include undocumented workers, runaway and homeless
youth, individuals with substance abuse or addiction issues, and low-income
individuals.
o Human trafficking is a crime that can happen anywhere. Federal prosecutions
have verified human trafficking crimes in all 50 states, as well as two U.S.
territories.
o Human traffickers can also be anyone, including organized crime syndicates,
gangs, family members, and business owners.

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16
 CHAPTER-2

LITERATURE REVIEW

S Dowling, K Moreton, L Wright –( 2007) - childhub.org

This review does not aim to outline or evaluate the legislation and policy changes that have …
Findings from the reviewed literature are separated here into, first, adult victims and, second,
child. 1 Council of Europe Convention on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings

SX Zhang - Global crime, (2009) - Taylor & Francis

Also excluded in this literature search were works primarily on pornography (including child
pornography the amount and variety of writings on the topic and provided a review and critique
quality and method- ological rigors to publications that are not subjected to blind reviews

C Zimmerman, M Hossain, C Watts - Social science & medicine, (2011) - Elsevier

Similarly, the health sector has had limited engagement in trafficking dialogues and published
literature on health and trafficking in persons Human trafficking is a violation that occurs
over
multiple geographic and legal boundaries, but actions are often targeted to place of

KR Choi - Journal of forensic nursing, (2015) - journals.lww.com

ABSTRACT Background: Domestic minor sex trafficking (DMST)
is an important social and public healt.

MB Alvarez, EJ Alessi - Affilia, (2012) - journals.sagepub.com

The human trafficking discussion has focused primarily on women and children who are
trafficked for sexual exploitation. However, as social workers confront them.

KMG Perry, L McEwing - Health Hum Rights, (2013) - cdn2.sph.harvard.edu

… vulnerable to vio- lence, abuse and exploitation in the first place.”22 A
preliminary literature search
in 2011 showed that the Cochrane Library Database of Systematic Reviews had no reviews on
trafficking, and in the Campbell Library, only one review was found.

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L Ottisova, S Hemmings, LM Howard… - Epidemiology and …, (2016) - cambridge.org
… Qualitative studies, editorials, opinion pieces and reviews were excluded Fig. 1. PRISMA
Flow Diagram for systematic literature review update (January 2011 to >17 April 2015).
Human trafficking and health: updated systematic review 319

ER Kleemans - Trends in Organized Crime,( 2011 )– Springer

Dangerous working conditions, poor accommodation, and discrimination (for
a literature review,
see Dowling Based upon reviews of preliminary investigations and interviews, the authors
describe
similarities should be sold as quickly as possible, whereas human trafficking is a

A Di Nicola - Human trafficking, (2013) - taylorfrancis.com

And they have been quoted and disseminated by researchers with no regard to the estimation
criteria used (for a review, see van This is not the place to attempt a synthesis of the enormous
amount of world literature, especially because in-depth surveys have Human Trafficking

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 CHAPTER-3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Title:- A Study on Human Trafficking In India.

OBJECTIVES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

 To study impact of children trafficking on society.

 To educate children against trafficking.

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 RESEARCH PLAN

Research plan Exploratory research

Research Design Conclusive

Sampling Frame:-
Sampling unit People( 10 to above 50)
Sampling size 100

Sampling Method Non probability ( convenience)

Data Source:
Primary Data Structured Questionnaires
Secondary Data Websites, Journals

Beneficiary Society
Parents
Student

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 DATA ANALYSIS:-

Q.1 Age

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Q.2 Gender

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Q.3 To what extent do you think human trafficking is present in India?

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Q.4 What types of exploitation do you believe victims of human trafficking?

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Q.5 What do you think could become a victim of human trafficking?

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Q.6 How you victimized of trafficking?

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Q.7 Do you use drug abuse in human trafficking?

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Q.8 Control on daily life needs of trafficked women

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Q.9 How do you take habituation factor in trafficking?

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Q.10 What is perception about your life?

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 FINDINGS

 We founded that 79% respondents are at the age of below 25

 It was found the 71.9% Female have trafficking which is higher than the
Male.
 32% respondents think that Human Trafficking is widely spread in India.
 And we also found that 20.8% respondents are forced labour believe
victims of Human Trafficking.
 And there are 24.3% respondents are children become a victim of Human
Trafficking.
 We also found that 65% respondents are not use drug abuse in Human
Trafficking.
 And last 70% respondents are percept the better life.

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 CONCLUSION

The laws for human trafficking must be strengthened that it means all the
requirements for preventing human trafficking. People who are in poverty line
across the country must be made aware about human trafficking and its
consequences in order to prevent them from becoming victims. Many national and
international seminars and conferences can be conducted across the country so that
the general people and the government can join hands to prevent human
trafficking.

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 BIBILOGRAPHY

 www.Wikipedia.com
 www.youarticle.com
 www.studymode.com

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