ARCHITECTURE OF

CHANGING TIME

CHARLES CORREA
Early life and Education: INTRODUCTION

Charles Mark Correa- born September 1, 1930, Secunderabad

University of Bombay
University of Michigan at Ann Arbor (B.Arch., 1953)
STUDIES
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge,
Massachusetts (M.Arch., 1955).

In 1958 he established his own Bombay-based professional practice.

Died June 16, 2015, Mumbai, India

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 INTRODUCTION
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

1955-1958- Partner with G.M. BHUTA associates

1964-1965 Prepared master plan proposing twin city across the harbor from
Bombay.

1971-1975 Chief architect to CIDCO

1975-1976 Consultant to UN secretory-general for HABITAT

1975-1983 Chairman Housing Urban Renewal & Ecology Board

1985 Chairman Dharavavi planning commission

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 INFLUENCES
Fascinated with the
principles of design as a child

At Michigan two professors who

influenced him the most –
Walter Sanders and Buckminster Fuller.

Correa was influenced by Le Corbusier’s

use of striking concrete forms

Kevin lynch , then in the process of

developing his themes for image of the
city triggered Correa’s interest in urban
issues.
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
 CORREA AND GANDHI

KASTURBA GANDHI
SAMADHI PUNE

GANDHI SAMADHI
RAJGHAT

GANDHI DARSHAN RAJGHAT GANDHI SMARAK AHMEDABAD

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 DIVERSITY OF PROJECTS
‘India of those days was a different place, it was a brand-new country,
there was so much hope; India stimulated me.’

DIVERSITY OF PROJECTS :

In Bombay - Salvacao Church at Dadar ; Kanchenjunga Apartments

In Goa for Kala Academy

In Ahmedabad - Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya ; Ramkrishna House

Delhi - The LIC Centre; British Council Building

Kerala - Kovalam Beach Resort Hotel

Andaman - Bay Island Hotel in Port Blair

His Architectural utility and grandeur was spread over the subcontinent
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
 PRINCIPLES
‘India of those days was a different place, it was a brand-new country,
there was so much hope; India stimulated me.’

Few cardinal principles in his vast body of work

• INCREMENTALITY

• IDENTITY

• PLURALISM

• INCOME GENERATION
•
• EQUITY

• OPEN-TO-SKY SPACE
•
• DISAGGREGATION.

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 PRINCIPLES
‘India of those days was a different place, it was a brand-new country,
there was so much hope; India stimulated me.’

Architect, planner, activist and theoretician, an international lecturer and

traveler

Correa's work in India shows a careful development, understanding and

adaptation of Modernism to a non-western culture.

Correa's early works attempt to explore a local vernacular within a modern

environment.

Correa's land-use planning and community projects continually try to go

beyond typical solutions to third world problems.

India's first man of architecture has a very simple philosophy: "Unless you
believe in what you do, it becomes … boring,"

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

GANDHI SMARAK, SANGRAHALAYA,
AHMEDABAD
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD
Built between 1958 and 1963 as a memorial to Mahatma Gandhi the building is
designed to embody Gandhi’s ideas and principles. It also displays Correa’s
lateral thinking as a designer.

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD
By combining contemporary materials
with those used in Gandhi’s own house,
Correa was able to look to the past and
and to the future in the same
expressive gesture.

The entire structure, modest in scale

and proportions, and consists of
interconnected modular square huts
that form a meandering pathway,
sometimes through closed spaces and
sometimes open to the sky; a feature
that recurred throughout his career.

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD
MATERIAL USED:
These elements combine to form a
Tiled roof
pattern of tiled roofs which are grouped
Brick wall
in casual meandering pattern, creating a
Stone floor
pathway along which the visitors
Wooden floor
progresses towards the centrality of the
Light and ventilation by
water court
operable wooden louvers

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD
PHILOSOPHY:
• Successfully shows the life
of Gandhiji

• Minimalist architecture

• Material honesty

• Contemporary architecture

• Glow of spaces Gandhi

ashram
In a profession where
• Water court at center practitioners generally
blossom late in their careers,
Correa’s monument to
Gandhi—designed when he
was only 28 years old—stands
out as the work of a child
prodigy.
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

GANDHI SMARAK, AHMEDABAD

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
Most likely inspired
in part by the ideas
of Structuralism, the
building is in many
ways reminiscent of
the sorts of casual
movement one
encounters in a
typical Indian village.
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
FOR SKETCHES

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

FOR SKETCHES

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
KANCHANJUNGA
APARTMENTS,
MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI
The Kanchanjunga Apartments are a direct response to the present culture, the
escalating urbanization, and the climatic conditions for the region. They pay
homage to the vernacular architecture that once stood on the site before the
development in a number of ways

In Mumbai, a building has to be

oriented east-west to catch
prevailing sea breezes and to
open up the best views of the
city. Unfortunately, these are
also the directions of the hot sun
and the heavy monsoon rains.
The old bungalows solved these
problems by wrapping a
protective layer of verandas
around the main living areas,
thus providing the occupants
with two lines of defense against
the elements.

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ
KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

Clearly, such an arrangement had its precedent in the cross-

over units of Le Corbusier's Unite d' Habitation built in
Marseilles in 1952, although here in Mumbai the sectional
provision was achieved without resorting to the extreme of
differentiating between up-and-down going units.

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

The concrete construction

and large areas of white
panels bears a strong
resemblance to modern
apartment buildings in the
West, perhaps due to
Correa's western education.
However, the garden
terraces of the
Kanchanjunga Apartments
are actually a modern
interpretation of a feature
of the traditional Indian
bungalow: the veranda.

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS, MUMBAI

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ

 INTRODUCTION

Kanchen Junga Apartments

 Gandhi Memorial, Ahmadabad
 Vidhan Bhavan,Bhopal

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHOowwXmlMg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=absBr2p8T54

BY, AR. RANJITHA GOVINDARAJ