Presented by:

Syed Waqas Haider

Process Engineer 1
Control Valves

control conditions (flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level )

open or close in response to signals received from
controllers

Controller compare a "setpoint" to a "process variable"

(value provided by sensors)

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 Control
Valves

Rotary Linear
Motion Motion

Butterfly Ball Plug Globe

valves vales valves Valves

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Three main parts

Valve's actuator
Valve's positioner
Valve's body

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 The purpose of the valve actuator is to accurately locate
the valve plug in a position dictated by the control signal

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 according to their supply

Pneumatic Valve Actuators: Adjust the position of the valve

by converting air pressure into rotary motion or linear motion.
Piston and Diaphragm Actuators are examples of Pneumatic
Actuators

Electric Valve Actuators: An electric actuator is powered by

motor that converts electrical energy to mechanical torque

Hydraulic actuator: Consists of a cylinder or fluid motor that

uses hydraulic power to facilitate mechanical operation. The
mechanical motion gives an output in terms of linear, rotary or
oscillatory motion

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 according to their movement

Multi-turn actuator
gives torque for at least one full
revolution
Part-turn actuator
gives torque for less than one full
revolution
Linear actuator
opens and closes valves that can be
operated via linear force--sometimes called rising stem
valves

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Positioners are instruments that help improve control by
accurately positioning a control valve actuator in response
to a control signal
Positioners receive an input signal either
pneumatically or electronically and provide output power
to an actuator

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Some of the mechanisms

i. Force Balance Positioners

ii. Motion balance Positioners
iii. Electronic Positioners

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Sensor to detect valve position

Micro-Processor Error = Position - Signal

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Valve Bodies

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Quick Opening: Quick open plugs
are used for on-off applications
designed to produce maximum flow
quickly

Linear: produces equal changes in

flow per unit of valve stroke regardless
of plug position, used where valve
pressure drop is a major portion of the
total system pressure drop

Equal Percentage: change in flow

per unit of valve stroke is directly
proportional to the flow occurring just
before the change is made, generally
used for pressure control

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