CHAPTER VII

MUNICIPAL SERVICES IN FARIDABAD

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK:
MCF is empowered with powers and is required to deliver all basic services.
Water supply system O&M operations are being carried out with Public private
partnership (PPP) mechanism. A centralized system is in place for the same.
Table 7.1: Institutional service responsibility matrix
Service/ Sector Planning & Execution O&M
Design
Town Planning Department Town & Country MCF, HUDA
Planning

Urban poor & Slums MCF MCF MCF

Water Supply MCF MCF MCF/PPP

Sewerage MCF MCF MCF
Storm Water Drainage MCF MCF MCF
Solid Waste Management MCF MCF MCF/PPP
Roads, Bridges, Drains MCF, HUDA MCF, HUDA MCF
Street lights MCF, HUDA MCF, HUDA MCF
Source: MCF

MUNICIPAL SERVICES - WATER SUPPLY

Water supply systems in the region are dependent to a large extent on ground
water and Faridabad is no exception. In line with the increasing population, more
and more ground water is to take out to meet the demand. However, in view of
depleting ground water levels, water is also being tapped through the rainy wells
located along the Yamuna River.

Source of Water Supply

The source of water supply to the city of Faridabad is ground water, tapped
from 420 deep tube wells located in various parts of the city and two rainy wells
located along the Yamuna River. The river Yamuna runs along the length of

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Faridabad-Ballabgarh at a distance of about 10 km. The total installed capacity of
the tube wells is 195 ML and that of the two rainy wells is 45 ML, leading to a total
installed capacity of 240 ML. Faridabad is utilizing the entire installed capacity to
cater to the demands of the residential, commercial and industrial areas.

Tube wells are drilled to a depth of 200 ft. to 350 ft. and the discharge from
tube wells varies from 2500 gallons per hour to 15,000 gallons per hour. It is
observed that the discharge from the tube wells located closer to the canal is more in
comparison to the rest. The spring level, which was 15' to 20' below ground level
during the early seventies, is now in the range of 45' to 60’ below the ground level
and the ground level further falls steeply towards the farther end on western side of
the canals towards the Aravali Hills. It is therefore essential to search for an
alternative and reliable source of water to augment the present per capita supply.

MCF has privatized the operation and maintenance of all the tube wells
supply water to the city. The private operator has provided for a centralized
monitoring system for the same whereby he exercises control over the hours of
operation of the tube wells.

Storage and Distribution System

At present, raw water is transmitted from the tube wells and the rainy wells
to various underground reservoirs through raising mains and transmission mains,
which run to a total length of 40.39 km. before pumping into the elevated reservoirs
for further distribution.

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Table 7.2 Location and capacity of GLSRs

S .No. Location of GLSR Pump capacity Areas served Capacity

(ML)
1 Tigaon road 3x 100HP Ballabgarh town 4.55
2 Chawla colony lx50HP Chawla colony 0.45
3 Sector-14 2x50HP Sector- 14 0.91
4 Sector-15 HP 2x50HP Sector - 15 0.91
5 Sector-15 A HP 2x50HP Sector- 15 A 0.91
6 Sector-16 HP 2x50HP Sector - 16 0.91
7 Sector-16A HP 2x50HP Sector - 16 A 0.91
8 Sector -17 HP 2x50HP Sector - 17 0.91
9 Sector -29 HP; 2x60HP; Sector -28,29&30 4.55
2x100 HP
10 Sector-21 2x60 HP Sector-21 C&21 A 4.55
11 Sector -22 HP lx50HP Sector - 22 & Saniay 0.45
colony
12 Sector -23 A HP lx50HP Sector - 23,23 A & 0.45
Housing Board Colony
13 Sector -25 HP; 2x200HP; Sector - 22,23,24, 25, 13.64
2x100 HP 55, Sanjay Colony
Mujesher
14 NH-1 3x60 HP NH-I 0.91
15 NH-2 2x55 HP; NH-2 0.91
1x90 HP
16 NH-3 3x45 HP NH-3 0.91
17 NH-5 2x55HP; NH-5 0.91
1x90 HP
18 Budh Vihar 2x60 HP Saniay Colony 4.55
19 Dabua Colony 2x60 HP; Dabua Colony & Janta 0.91
1x40 HP Colony
20 Jawahar Colony 2x25 HP Jawahar Colony 0.91
21 Parvatia Colony 3x50 HP; Parvatia Colony 5.91
1x60 HP
22 Mujesher - To be commissioned 4.55
Total - - 54.55
Source: MCF

There are 22 ground level storage reservoirs (GLSR) fitted with boosting
stations. The total capacity of the GLSRs is 54.55 ML, which is 23 percent of the
installed capacity of the water supply system. These GLSRS are located across the
city in line with the location of the tube wells. The distribution system in the city is
based on the division of the entire city into primarily three zones - Old Faridabad,
Ballabgarh and NIT. These zones are sub-divided into various sectors/ colonies
(mentioned above) for further distribution.

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 There are in all 25 Elevated storage Reservoir (ESRs). The total capacity of
the ESRs is 11.37 ML, which is just about 5 percent of the installed capacity of
water supply of 240 ML. Ideally, it is necessary to have 1 /3rd of the installed
capacity as elevated storage for intermittent supply systems'as in Faridabad. The
location of the ESRs zone-wise is presented in the table below.

The total length of the distribution system in Faridabad is 910 km. The
network includes Cl, AC and PYC pipes which range from 90 mm to 300 mm in
diameter. Against the available road length of about 1218 km., the distribution
network covers only 75 percent of the road length indicating a fair coverage of the
city through the service.

Table 7.3: Location of ESRs in Faridabad

S.No. Old Faridabad Zone Ballabgarh NIT zone

zone
1 MCF store sector 21 -A Chawla colony Nursery
2 Sector 21 -C Milk plant road ESI. Boosting
3 Sector 37 Sector-10 Tikona park
4 Ashoka Enclave I& II Sector-9 Kalyan Singh chowk
5 Sector-28 Central Green
6 Sector-29 Sector-25 boosting
7 Sector - 19
8 Old FBD (Sec-28)
9 Sector-14
10 Sector-15
11 Sector-16
12 Sector- 16-A
13 Sector - 17
14 Sector-15-A
15 Pali crusher zone

Source: MCF

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House Service Connections, user charges and cost recovery

The total number of house service connections in the city is 1,06,850; these
cover only 57 percent of the total properties assessed in the city indicating a huge
gap in cost recovery. Of these 52 percent connections are metered, though the
working condition of these meters is doubtful.

93 percent of the total connections are domestic in nature, five percent

commercial and the rest two percent industrial. As on date, the total number of
public stand posts (PSP) provided by various agencies including MCF, PWD (PH)
and HUDA is about 765, of which an estimated 425 are located in various slums of
the city.

The tariff structure is fixed by the Government of Haryana across the state
irrespective of the cost of service. The current water tariff as presented in Table 7.4
was last revised during 2002-03. Further, if a house service connection is
unauthorized and not a part of the regularized colonies and villages, MCF charges
Rs. 2000 as penalty for regularization. Water charges are collected from the date of
sanction of the building plan for that building.

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Table 7.4: Present Water Tariff Structure

S. No. Type of Metered water supply ( Rs./KL) Un-metered water

Consumer
supply (Rs./month)

1 Domestic Rs. 1.25 per KL up to Rs. 50 to Rs. 5000 per

consumption of 15 KL; Rs. 2.5 month according to
per KL for consumption above the area of the site/
15 KL up to 30 KL; Rs. 4 per building and the
KL for consumption above 30 number of floors
KL

2 Commercial & Rs. 4.00 per KL

Industrial

New Connection fee

1 Domestic Security fee - Rs. 500/-; Ferrule size, inspection fee, pit
charges, water bylaws fee, application fee all together -
Rs. 432/-; Total- Rs. 932 + road cutting charges as
applicable

2 Commercial Security fee - Rs. 1000/-; Ferrule size, inspection fee, pit
charges, water bylaws fee, application fee all together -
Rs. 432/-; Total - Rs. 1432 + road cutting charges as
applicable

3 Industrial Security fee - Rs. 2500/-; Ferrule size, inspection fee, pit
charges, water bylaws fee, application fee all together -
Rs. 432/-; Total- Rs. 2932 + road cutting charges as
applicable

Source: Memo No. 14/90/02-3CII dated 05-02-2003 of Urban Development Dept,

Government of Haryana

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 The demand collection balance (DCB) statement presented in Table 7.5
indicates that the average collection efficiency is 68 percent of the total demand.
Arrears account for 29 percent of the total demand. The current demand for the year
2005-06 is Rs. 786 lakhs, which works out to an average of Rs. 61 user charge, per
connection per month. The number of persons per house service connection stands at
twelve, against an average household size of 4.9, indicating scope for the presence
of a large number of unauthorized connections.

Table 7.5: Water Charges - Demand Collection Balance Statement

(Rs. Lakhs)

Items 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06

Demand

Current demand 285 398 658 722 786

Arrears demand 164 210 299 225 161

Total demand 448 608 957 947 948

Collection

Current collection 187 230 475 611 592

Arrears collection 59 81 226 175 124

Total collection 247 310 701 786 716

Balance 202 298 256 161 232

Collection Efficiency 55% 51% 73% 83% 76%

No. ofHSCs 84761 88198 96302 101952 106850

Growth of HSCs - 4% 9% 6% 5%

Source: MCF

The presence of unauthorized connections is also signified by the poor cost

recovery on the service. It is assessed that the average revenue per connection per
month is about Rs. 74 against an average expenditure of Rs. 98 indicating a cost
recovery of about 76 percent. Ideally, the entire operation & maintenance (O&M)
expenses are expected to be recovered in the form of user charges. Further, this is

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against privatization of O&M of all the tube wells in the city and very minimal
O&M expenses on water supply operations.

This clearly points out at very low revenues from the sector that is
comparatively low user charges and hence lesser demand and further crippled by
collection performance in the range of 70 percent.

Service Levels

The service levels with regard to water supply are comparatively better than
those obtaining in many other cities in the country. Faridabad has a gross supply of
about 188 Litres per capita per day (LPCD) and a net supply of 160 LPCD
(accounting for 15% of transmission and distribution losses). Though the per capita
supply is fair it could not be considered comfortable considering the large quantum
of industrial water demand in the city. The distribution network in the city covers a
length of 910 km., which is about 75 percent of the road length. The system,
presently, covers almost 100 percent of the developed areas excluding the slums.
The newly added areas are currently being catered to by tanker supply.

The distribution system in the city is based on both gravity and pumping; the
total storage capacity available is 65.92 ML, which is 27.5 percent of the installed
capacity (240 ML) of the system. Elevated storage capacity stands at just 11.36 ML
that is 4.7 percent of the installed capacity. The reservoirs are filled up more than
two times a day.

Table 7.6: Service Levels - Water Supply

Details Unit Service level Indicator

Drawl at Intake works 240 MLD 188 LPCD

Treatment capacity - 100%

Storage Reservoirs (ESR) 11.36 ML 4.7%

Storage Reservoirs (UGR) 54.55 ML 22.7%

Distribution network 910 Km 75% of road length

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Individual House Service Connections

Meter-Domestic 50755 47.50%

Unmetered -Domestic 49225 46.07%

Commercial & Industrial 6870 6.43%

Total Connections 106850

Source: MCF

Issues, Potential and Challenges in water supply sector

Key Issues

• Policy level issues

Clarity on fixation of norms for water tariff and structure with regard to
cost recovery and plugging of illegal connections are the main policy
issues to be addressed in the immediate future.

• Service and O&M Issues

* Ever-increasing water demand due to rapid urbanization,

implementation of township policy and pressures from the floating
population of NCR

■ Increasing numbers of tiny industrial service units being set up in the

residential sectors leading to inequitable supplies

■ Unaccounted-for water and high transmission and distribution losses.

Transmission and distribution losses in the system account for more
than 15% of gross supply thereby making the net supply average at
150 LPCD (This includes all uses including industrial, horticultural,
and commercial) against an estimated requirement of more than 330
LPCD.

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 ■ Non-comprehensiveness of the system in terms of design - Each
individual distribution sector is independent of the overall system and
is linked to that sector's specific GLSR and ESR only.

Potential

The service has the potential to involve the private sector in the current format to
bring in efficiency.

Challenges

■ The system is highly dependent on ground water. In the absence of

alternate sources, it is beset by the challenges of I) Reduced ground
water availability; 2) Increasing demand; and 3) New sources

* The system lacks a comprehensive design for the entire city as a

whole, necessitating a master plan.

* Service coverage is reported to be very low at about one lakh odd

house connections against more than two lakh households, indicating
a large quantum of non-revenue water and consequently, poor cost
recovery.

MUNICIPAL SERVICES - SEWERAGE

The city has been divided into four sewerage zones on the basis of the
topography of the area and other major barriers. The 91 sectors planned for the city
in the Development Plan are covered under these sewerage zones. Sectors falling
within each zone are given below:

Zone -1 - 27B, 27C, 27D, 32 to 45, 21 A, 2IB, 21C, 2ID, 46 to part of 49 and 84 to 91

Zone - II -1 to 20, 27A, 28 to 31 and 60 to 65.

Zone - III - 22 to 25, part of 49 to 59, HIT I to III and V and RUA colonies

Zone - IV- 66 to 83

The Sewerage master plan was prepared in 1992 to cover the urbanisable
area proposed in the Development Plan for Faridabad. The master plan has proposed
two sewerage treatment plants, one for zone -1 and III and the other for zone II and

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IV. Further sewerage pumping stations (SPS) were proposed in the following
manner.

Table 7.7

Zone -1 4

Zone -11 6

Zone - III 4

Zone - IV 2

Source: MCF

Existing Sewerage System

The present quantum of sewerage generated in the city is understood to be in

the range of 200 ML, which is approximately 80 percent of the water supply. To
convey this sewerage to various intermediate and main pumping stations for
treatment purposes, there is a sewerage network of about 638 km. covering 52
percent of the total road network of the city. This however, doesn't present the true
picture of system coverage, as the road network in the city itself is falling short of
requirement.

In terms of population coverage, the network is understood to be covering

only 50% of the city population implying that a large quantum of sewerage is
flowing into the open drains and ultimately into the river Yamuna untreated. Against
the 16 proposed SPSs for the four zones, 13 are in place at present. The sewerage
transmitted through the system is treated in three sewerage treatment plants (STP)
with a combined capacity of 115 ML.

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Table 7.8: Sewerage Treatment Plants - Faridabad

S. No. Capacity Area coverage Population covered

1 20 ML Sector 21 to sector 47 2.66 lakhs

2 45 ML Sector 1 to 20 old 4.67 lakhs

Faridabad Ballabgarh

3 50ML NIT area Dabua colony, 5.00 lakhs

Jawahar colony, sector 23,
24,25 etc

Source: MCF

The Yamuna Action Plan (YAP)

The Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) is the targeted project to contain the
pollution of the river Yamuna.

YAP (Phase-I): The project duration for YAP-1 after extension is completed
in March 2003. In Haryana, the project initially covered six towns including
Faridabad; later, an additional six towns were added to the list. The key concern of
the YAP was the pollution arising from the domestic sector and it was accorded the
highest priority. All the works proposed under YAP-1 have been completed. In
continuation to Phase I, works related to sewerage and sanitation were taken up
under the YAP extended phase.

YAP (Phase II): Works on Phase II of YAP for augmentation of the sewerage
system have been approved, but are yet to start. The same are expected to be
commissioned by 2007-08. YAP-II has been formulated at an estimated cost of Rs.
624 crore. The principal objective of YAP-II is to improve the water quality of
Yamuna along the cities located on its banks.

In addition to the technical component, YAP-II will also address a program of

capacity building of implementing agencies in the states of Haryana, Delhi and U.P.
and the executing agency i.e. National River Conservation Department (NRCD) of
Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF). Public participation and awareness

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activities in the project areas, and the water quality management program planned to
assess the efficacy of the project will receive special focus. In Haryana, YAP-11 will
be implemented in six towns, viz. Yamuna Nagar, Jagadhari, Kamal, Panipat,
Sonepat, Faridabad and Gurgaon.

Issues related to Sewerage system

Key Issues

Policy level issues

Short-term policy: Clarity on fixation of norms for sewer tariff and structure with
regard to cost recovery is the main policy issue that requires to be addressed in the
immediate future.

Long-term policy: Reservations in the Development Plan to be provided towards

making land available in future for the location of sewerage systems/ treatment
plants, etc. Also, coordinated planning between the departments needs to be worked
out as a long-term policy measure.

Service and O&M Issues

■ Ever-increasing sewerage generation due to rapid urbanization,

implementation of township policy and the pressures from NCR- related
activities

■ Low system coverage with a large quantum of sewerage being allowed to

flow into water bodies untreated

* Mixing up of sewerage and storm water is a predominant issue in Faridabad.

It is understood that at many a location, the rising level of the sewers is
above that of storm water drains. This is primarily due to non­
comprehensiveness and independent design of each of the systems.

* Only 50% of the city's area and population is covered. The present system is
inadequate for the present population. It is outdated and has got mixed up
with the drainage network in several areas

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Potential

The under ground sewerage service has the potential to involve the private
sector as in case of water supply towards part operation and maintenance in specific
areas so to bring in efficiency to the service.

Challenges

A complete sewerage system is one of the high priority needs of the city and
taking up the same would present a major implementation capability challenge for
MCF.

MUNICIPAL SERVICES - STORM WATER DRAINAGE

The storm water drainage system in Faridabad comprises primary, secondary

and tertiary drains. The primary drains comprise the river Yamuna. Secondary drains
are the natural channels/ nallahs with a discharge capacity of up to 5 cubic meter per
second (cum/ sec). Tertiary drains are the roadside, built-up open or closed drains.
The storm water of the entire catchments area of Faridabad is finding its way mainly
through three secondary drains/ outlets - Gounchi Drain, Burhia Nalla and Agra
Canal; at some points, it is being pumped into the Gurgaon Canal by subsidiary
pumping stations/ temporary pumping stations.

The general slope of the area is from the northwest to southeast. The western
area is mostly hilly; the storm water of this area flows by the force of gravity into
Buria Nalla through the Faridabad drain. The Faridabad drain crosses the Agra and
Gurgaon Canals through Mawai Siphon. Ultimately, the storm water reaches the
Yamuna River through the Buria Nalla and the Gounchi drain. In the case of the NIT
area, the storm water is being pumped into the Gounchi Drain, which finally reaches
Yamuna River. Keeping in view the general topography of the city, the entire
urbanisable area has been divided into seven drainage zones as per suitability of its
final disposal; level and existing natural drains available in the area. The storm water
from different catchment areas is being collected and pumped mainly into the
Gurgaon canal, the Gaunchi drain, the Burhia Nalla and the Agra canal through
storm water pumping stations located at different places.

The network of tertiary drains in the city runs to length of 800 km., which is
66 percent of the road network in the city. 150 percent of the road network is

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generally considered to be good network; this system shortage is resulting in the
mixing up of sewerage and storm water at several locations in the city. Details of the
tertiary drains in the city are presented in table 7.9.

Table 7.9: Storm Water Drains (Tertiary Network) Details

S. No. Drain Type Length (Kms) Percentage

1 Pucca open drains 800.00 100

2 Kutcha open drains - -

3 Pucca closed drains - -

4 Total drain length 800.00 100

5 Drain length as % of total - 65.7%

road length

Source: MCF

Issues related to Storm water drains

Flooding of road infrastructure

Road infrastructure in the city is badly affected and damaged at several

locations during monsoons due to the inadequacy of storm water drainage networks.
The monsoons have been witnessing, year after year, overflow of several secondary
and primary drains as most stretches of these drains are silted and have not
undergone desilting operations for years.

Rapid Urbanization

Future population addition is expected to increase the pressure on the

drainage system of the city, requiring MCF to stress on the development of road
networks along with that of storm water drains.

MUNICIPAL SERVICES - SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Rapid urbanization, increasing commercial and industrial activities and

changing life styles in Faridabad are leading to a steady increase in the generation of
solid waste. MCF is responsible for the collection, transportation and disposal of all

144
solid waste generated in the city, except the untreated bia-medical waste and
hazardous industrial waste, which is taken care of by the respective generators. MCF
organizes the collection and transportation of the waste through a team of its own
conservancy workers and a fleet of vehicles and dumper-placers. The waste
collected is disposed at various dumping yards without any treatment.

Quantum of Solid Waste Generation

The primary sources of solid waste in Faridabad are local households,

commercial establishments, industries, markets, hotels, restaurants, and hospitals.
The totaf quantity of waste generated per day is in the order of 480 tonnes per day
(TPD) at a per-capita generation of 377 grams per day. Na significant seasonal
variation in the quantity .of waste generated is observed, as Faridabad does not have
much tourism-related activity. Of the waste generated, only 450 MT is reported to be
collected and transported to temporary dumping places after the partial sorting out
recyclable materials. AH the municipal solid waste is being dumped in the open
without any proper treatment.

At present there is no organized door-to-door collection system. Only

recently, two NGOs named NAY A SAVERA and PATHEY have been awarded the
work of door-to-door collection by MCF. After collecting the waste from the houses,
these NGOs transfer it to the nearest collecting points. However, this system has
been enforced only in limited areas and in sectors 22, 23, 21 A, 21B and 21C.

Bio-medical Waste

Bio-medical waste is being managed by private contractors who were

awarded the contract by the Indian Medical Association, Faridabad. The private
agency carries the bio-medical waste to Gurgaon where a centralized incinerator has
been installed.

Collection of Solid Waste

There are at present 342 collection points in the city provided with
community bins, open bins, dumper bins, etc. In all, 180 dustbins of MCF are
located at specific collection points. For the purposes of primary collection, MCF
has equipped its staff with 810 wheelbarrows and 80 handcarts. The average spacing
between the dustbins against the available road length is an uncomfortable 1867

145
meters and the average area coverage per collection point is 0.40 sq. km. The total
staff of the conservancy department of MCF is 1212 against a sanctioned 1415
members. However, MCF has employed 750 conservancy workers an a daily wages
basis. Thus on an average each conservancy worker is responsible for seeping 621
meters of road length.

Waste Transportation & Disposal

Transportation of waste is carried out on all days. Waste collected from

various locations in the city is transported either to the transfer station or directly to
the dumping yard. MCF uses its own conservancy vehicles. There are two JCBs of 3
Metric Tonnes (MT) capacity each to assist in secondary collection activities. The
JCBs are reported to be making at least five trips per vehicle per day.

Table 7.10: Fleet of Conservancy vehicles with MCF

Vehicle Model No.s Capacity / Trips Nature of Daily hrs.

Vehicle (MT) per day transfer of operation

JCB 2 3.0 5 Secondary 8 Hrs

Tractor Trolleys 51 3.5 3 Tertiary 8 Hrs

Tempos 3 3.5 3 Tertiary 7 Hrs

Bulk Refuse Carriers 4 4.0 2 Tertiary 7 Hrs

Dual loaded dumpei 2 2.0 6 Tertiary 8 Hrs

placers

Source: MCF

For the purposes of secondary collection as well as for transportation to the

disposal sites, MCF uses a fleet of 51 tractors with trolleys, three tempos, four BRCs
and two DLDPs. The total capacity of the vehicles being put to service is 209 MT
which is about 44 percent of the waste generated. These vehicles carry out on an
average more than three trips per day. Against a density factor of 0.35 and an

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average of three trips per vehicle per day, the collection capacity of the conservancy
vehicles with MCF is only 86 percent of waste generation, indicating a shortfall.

There are at present five numbers of dumping sites, which are temporary in
nature, These are located at:

■ Kheri Road Basalwa Dairy site, Old Faridabad

■ BLB near Ucchagaon

■ Nagla Enclave, NIT Faridabad

■ Near Badarpur Border behind Samshan Ghat

■ Gurgaon road in the revenue estate of village Bhakari (now also proposed as
the landfill site)

No scientific method of disposal is followed and the waste is dumped on open

ground. MCF presently has identified 58.6 acres of hilly land on the Faridabad-
Gurgaon road for municipal solid waste disposal and treatment and has got a rapid
environmental impact assessment (EIA) conducted for the site. The results indicated
suitability of the site for sanitary landfill; the design for the same is in progress.

Issues, potential and challenges in Solid Waste Management

Key Issues

■ A limited extent of the city area is covered by door-to-door collection,

including source segregation. However, even this effort has been rendered
unproductive as at the point of collection for transportation; the segregated
waste gets mixed up to a large extent.

■ The shortfall in the required capacity of the fleet by about 35 MT is exerting

pressure on the present fleet of vehicles through over utilization in terms of
the number of trips made. Also the non-availability of intermediate transfer
stations is increasing the number of trips and thereby the O&M expenses on
the fleet.

* Only two dumper placers are available with MCF. There is a need to increase
the number of dual loaded dumper placers (DLDPs) and to put in place

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 intermediate transfer stations, in order to do away with the bin system of
secondary collection and transportation.

■ Crude dumping is resorted to at the disposal sites due to non-availability and

non-provision of infrastructure for scientific disposal.

Potential

The service has the potential to involve the private sector and increase efficiency.

Challenges

The city also needs to acquire a large fleet of vehicles and dumper placers to
make the city a clean place.

Road Network

The MCF area is characterized by the old Faridabad, Ballabgarh and the New
Industrial Town (NIT). The Delhi-Mathura NH 2 is the spine of all road networks in
the city. Areas to the east of NH 2 mostly follow the grid-iron pattern (except for
core village areas which have a geometric road network with narrow lanes and high
density concentrations). These are Old Faridabad and Ballabgarh areas. Areas to the
west of NH 2 mainly comprising of NIT have a mix of organic and grid-iron pattern
of roads. The road network in the MCF area functionally comprises arterial roads,
collector roads and local streets.

The main arterial roads either start or end on the NH 2. Other highways in
the city include NH3 and NH4, which also branch out from NH 2. State highways
include the Faridabad-Gurgaon highway and the Ballabgarh-Sohna highway. The
network of roads in the city runs to a length of 1218 km. The total length of roads
under MCF’s maintenance is 1138 km., of which 840 km. is of BT surfacing, 48 km.
has cement concrete surface and 250km. are of gravel with brick on edges.

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Table 7.11: Road Length in Faridabad

S. No. Surface Type Length in Km Percentage

Municipal Road

1 Concrete 48.00 4%

2 Black-topped 840.00 69%

3 Gravel (brick on edge) 250.00 21%

Total Road Length 1138.00 93%

Other road (NH/SH/PWD etc) 80.00 7%

Source: MCF

Road condition

79 percent of the roads in the city are surfaced; the per-capita road length as
on date is 0.96 meters, which is relatively better in comparison to other peer cities
with similar population and size. However this is against only 80 percent of the
developed area within MCF limits and newly developing and peripheral areas
towards the west lacking absolutely in terms of proper road connectivity. The
average width of roads in the city is 6.66 meters.

Due to rapid development in economic, industrial and commercial activities,

there has been an enormous increase in traffic plying on the city roads. Also, due to
delay in the execution of the bypass road, the NH2 other main arterial roads are
privy to local and regional traffic. The high volume of traffic, mainly heavy traffic
related to the industries located in and around the city, also causes damage to the
road surface.

From the geographical point of view, the Delhi-Agra rail line passes through
the length of the city and divides Faridabad into two vertical sections. NH 2 runs
along the rail line. This geographical situation necessitates a greater number of road
over bridges (ROBs) in the city to cross the railway line and avoid traffic congestion
at railways crossings. At present, there are only three ROBs across the rail line.

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Street lighting

The provision and maintenance of streetlights is an obligatory function of

MCF. MCF is responsible for the installation, replacement, repairs, operation and
maintenance of streetlights in the city. There are about 22,036 street light poles in
Faridabad city with different types of electrical fixtures. 76 percent of the fixtures
are tube lights and 24 percent are high power lamps, mainly sodium vapour lamps of
various wattages - 70W, 150W and 250W.

Table 7.12: Street lights in MCF area

Number of lights by type Numbers of streetlights

Tube lights 16681

Sodium Vapour Lamps 5354

Mercury Lamps -

High Mast Lamps 1

Others -

Total 22036

Source: MCF

Against the available road length of 1218 km. within the MCF limits, the
average spacing of streetlight poles works out to about 55 meters, which rates well
below the norm of 30 meters indicating the gross inadequacy of the system.
However, this condition is not uniform. The inadequacy is mainly observed in .the
newly developing areas, unauthorized colonies and slum locations and to an extent
in the residential sectors adjoining the industrial estates.

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Urban Transport

Road infrastructure has not expanded in tandem with the increase in the
number of vehicles in the city. In the last four decades, while the population of the
city has increased ten times the vehicle population is understood to have increased
60 times. It is observed that neither the data on the registered numbers of vehicles
nor any other localized statistics can provide the true picture of travel pattern and
traffic movements due to the dynamics of travel/trips generated within NCR and
between Delhi and Faridabad. A systematized study in that direction is necessary to
assess the ground situation.

It was also observed that within NCR, trips during the morning peak hours
are destined for NCT -Delhi; during evenings, the opposite is observed. This clearly
indicates the nature of travel within NCR. People prefer to use Delhi Transport
Corporation (DTC) bus service as mode of public transport for long-distance
movements within NCR and most of these trips are office and work-related.
Faridabad is also one such location within NCR from where a large number of work-
related trips are generated and which typically end in NCT-Delhi.

As per the CR Regional Plan 2001, only 6.4 percent of the total traffic
movements between Delhi-Faridabad were accounted for by buses or public
transportation. A staggering 71 percent was accounted for by the passenger vehicles/
private vehicles. In terms of generation of passenger traffic for Faridabad, 52 percent
of passenger traffic is accounted by buses followed by private vehicles at 35 percent.
That is against significant numbers of passenger traffic generation by buses, the
availability in umbers of public transport systems are less and inadequate. This is
also signified by the per-capita trip rate generation of bus passengers at 0.046
against 0.031 by vehicle passengers.

Travel Characteristics

While the preferred mode of travel (motorized) in Faridabad is two-wheelers,

the predominant number of trips undertaken in the city are understood to be
pedestrian in nature followed by cycling. Further, the estimated numbers stage
carriers and contract carriers and limited numbers of seven-seater that form the
public transport system of the city, which ply the roads on a given day not even

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account for one percent, indicating that people travel in congestion within the
available modes of transport/travel. In the absence of organized public transport
system, apart from stage carriers, auto rickshaws are the other mode of travel.
Alternatively, the numbers of two-wheelers plying on city roads is understood to
constitute about 70 percent of the total vehicles and four-wheelers about 20 percent.

This situation also clarifies the observed shift in the travel mode in Faridabad
from public transport to personal transport and the high growth in the numbers of
two-wheelers. This is however against a lot of vehicles registered in Delhi observed
to be moving in Faridabad indicating the situation to be much worse.

Traffic Management and Circulation

Majority of the road network in the city is grid-iron pattern with sufficient
road widths and pose little problems with respect to traffic management. The road
network primarily has arterial roads and internal roads. Major issues with respect to
traffic management are restricted to the core of the old areas of Faridabad and
Ballabgarh where the network is organics and narrow and the NH 2. NH 2 carries
maximum traffic plying in the city of Faridabad. This comprises both the city traffic,
NCR traffic as well as the regional traffic. Due to lack of alternate parallel corridors
to NH 2 it has virtually become the spine of traffic movements of the city. Trips
generated in the city have either the origin or destination as NH 2. This is also due to
concentration of major commercial and institutional areas along NH 2 and lack of
any alternate city business districts (CBD). This presents a clear case of lack of
integration between land use and transportation.

Further the Delhi-Agra broad gauge rail line also runs parallel to the NH 2
and the linkages across the rail line between the eastern and western areas is another
major issue from traffic management perspective. The present available connectors
are only three numbers of ROBs for a linear city of length about 18 Km. For this
length the three ROBs are inadequate and necessitates the need for more connecting
ROBs across the rail line. One near the Ballabagrh Railway station close to Bata
factory would be of priority.

Also to mention is the NCR proposal for widening of the length of NH 2 in

Faridabad to expressway standards. Such widening will need to propose adequate

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service roads so as to segregate the regional traffic and city traffic. Further there is
also a proposal for a 4 lane elevated road connecting Delhi-Faridabad near Badarpur
which would primarily reduce the load on NH 2 entering Faridabad. The proposals
while are in the right direction and will possibly solve majority of traffic problems
associated with NH 2 in Faridabad.

Parking

Organized on-street parking facilities are provided only in select locations in

the city, primarily due to lack of space for MCF to provide such facilities. Parking
lots at present are provided by MCF at 8 locations in the city for two-wheelers and
four wheelers. Lack of sufficient parking lots and organized on-street parking
facilities has resulted in haphazard and unorganized parking on most stretches of
commercial roads in the city.

Issues, Potential and Challenges in roads, street lighting and

transport sectors

Key Issues

• Entry and mix of regional traffic on city roads:

For want of a bypass road to Faridabad, the vehicular traffic is compelled

to pass through the city. Due to this, there is tremendous traffic
congestion on important roads of the city, primarily the NH 2. While this
issue has been tackled partially by the formation of the Faridabad-
Surajkund-Deihi expressway, the NCR proposals for a western peripheral
expressway and an eastern peripheral expressway need to be
implemented at the earliest.

• Lack of appropriate and efficient road infrastructure:

While road connectivity within the developed areas of the city is good,
the infrastructure is below standard, inadequate grade separation and
poor surface quality are leading to travel delays, congestion and
pollution. Appropriate safety and visibility enhancement parameters like
signage, markings, channel islands, street name boards and other street
furniture are absent on the majority of roads. Major roads lack footpaths

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 and pedestrian facilities; those available are encroached upon by informal
activities and street hawkers.

• Lack of coordination between land use and transportation systems:

Land use planning of the city has been largely restricted to the
residential, commercial and industrial areas of the city; the most
important function of transportation systems has been ignored. The lack
of truck terminals and planned arterial ring roads/ bypasses is
precipitating a high degree of unwanted freight movement and parking
inside the city. The major fallout is the degradation of the environment
by oil and waste discharges from the trucks and heavy vehicles along
major roads.

• Lack of an efficient public transport system:

Presently, Faridabad city does not have an organized public transport

system, except for the extension of Delhi Transport Services to the
Badarpur border of Delhi-Faridabad, which caters to the transport needs
of Faridabad only to an extent. The city within is entirely dependent on
auto-rickshaws and stage carriers for urban mobility. The fallouts of an
ineffective public transport system are visible in the form of traffic
snarls, congestion on roads and roadsides, increase in pollution,
accidents, etc.

Potential presented by urban transport

• The regional plan proposals of NCR towards improving regional

connectivity between the central national capital region (CNCR) cities of
Faridabad, Gurgaon, Ghaziabad and Sonepat reveal the potential for
sustenance of the present and potential industrial commercial and
residential activities in the CNCR cities.

• NCR proposals for the extension of metro rail to Faridabad will also
enhance the city's potential for attracting large-scale investments.

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 k *

Challenges for the urban transport

• In line with the proposed improvements in the regional connectivity of

Faridabad, the city also needs to improve its internal connectivity, mainly
between the eastell 1 and westell 1 areas.

• There is a need for an integrated road, traffic and transportation plan for
Faridabad and its surroundings in line with the proposals of NCR.

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Fire Services

As Faridabad City is a hub of manufacturing industries, fire is the major man-made

disaster. The fire department of MCF is responsible for responding to this kind of a
disaster.

Presently, a staff of 55 people is working in the fire department in three shifts with
six fire tenders. Four fire stations, located at various places in the city, cater to the
needs of the MCF area. In addition to these, certain large industries have their own
fire services. The department during interactions has clearly made a point with
respect to the inadequacy of the system in the city in terms of available staff or
equipment to tackle with any potential for occurrence of large-scale fire accident due
to large numbers of high-rise buildings coming up in the city.

Table 7.13: Staff and vehicles with Fire Department, MCF

S. No. Name of Fire Station No of staff No of fire tenders

1 Sector 15 A 15 1

2 NIT 15 £

3 Ballabgarh 13 2

4 Sarai Khwaia 12 1

Total 55 6

Source: Fire department. MCF

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 The city houses a number of slums, markets, high-rise buildings and large
industrial estates and small industrial units which dot the entire landscape of the
residential sector. Given this, the existing fire stations and staff are inadequate to
meet the current demand. The system lacks even the wireless system of
communication tools. The number of fire calls/ rescue calls received by the four fire
stations of MCF during the past five years have been constantly increasing. The
numbers have increased from 366 during 2001-02 to 470 during 2003-04 and 488
during 2004-05. During 2005-06 a total of 624 calls were registered and responded
to.

As per the norms laid down by the Standing Fire Advisory Council, the
current MCF area will require at least 12 fire stations with minimum technical staff,
including a well-equipped central fire station with facilities like a parade ground, a
full-fledged workshop, training halls and residential facilities. An area of two acres
would be required for the setting up of the central station. The department also needs
more specialized equipment like hydraulic platforms, fire trailers, rescue vans,
ambulances and mortuary vans.

Issues with respect to fire services

■ Inadequate infrastructure to cater to current and future demand

■ Shortfall of equipment and a spacious central fire station •

■ Lack of adequate technical manpower. Narrow roads in slums and densely

populated areas like markets for the movements of fire tenders

■ Increasing number of high-rise buildings and the lack of capacity of the fire
brigade to reach upper floors

Recreation, Gardens and Parks

Faridabad has just started to see the mushrooming of a large number of

recreational facilities like shopping malls, entertainment centres, and cinema halls,
which are being developed by private agencies. There are presently 15 cinema halls,
four clubs, two amusement parks, one international stadium, one athletics stadium,
and one golf course in the city.

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 Further, MCF has been active in trying to improve the environmental status
of the city. Over the past few years, MCF has contributed to the same through the
development of traffic islands, a number of parks and other measures. Lands have
been reserved for 484 parks/ gardens in the city, of which MCF has already
developed 322, either completely or partially. The works included beautification,
landscaping, protection of boundaries through compounds etc.

The area to be developed under the remaining 162 lands is 432,542 sq. km. and
these are located across the city. 63 such lands are located in Ballabgarh zone and
another 25 along the NH 1 and 2. Also, 29 lands are located in sectors 21 A, 2IB,
21C, 22,23 and 23A.

Health facilities

The city has three major hospitals, of which one a government hospital is
(BK Hospital) located in front of the Municipal Corporation office. The total bed
strength of these three hospitals is 250. Also, there are 10 primary health centres,
three dispensaries and one blood bank. Apart from these, there are a good number of
private health facilities in most of the neighborhoods, catering to the day-to-day
needs of patients in the city.

Educational facilities

With respect to the government-run facilities, Faridabad city has 52 primary

schools, 44 middle schools and 32 higher secondary schools, five-degree colleges,
three vocational training institutes, one management institute, and one polytechnic.
Besides, there are private schools which number more than the government
facilities; however, information about them is not available. The city is clearly
lacking in professional, graduation and post- graduation level educational facilities;
students have to depend on NCT-Deihi for these facilities.

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