Practical 3：Estimation of bleeding time and clotting time

Aim
To estimate the bleeding time and clotting time

Objectives
1) To determine our own blood bleeding time
2) To determine our own blood clotting time

Principle
When a prick is given to the finger tip, bleeding occurs for a while, but it usually stops
without any external help within a few minutes. The time elapse between the skin
puncture and the arrest of bleeding is called the bleeding time. This bleeding time is
affected by the depth of the wound, and the degree of hyperaemia i.e. the richness of
blood flow at the test site.

Observation

Observation Time taken (minutes)

Bleeding time 3:12

Clotting time 9:08

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Practical 4：Determination of blood groups

Aim
To determine the type of our own blood group through blood typing test.

Objectives
To determine the blood group and rhesus group of our own blood.

Principle s
The red blood cells contain a series of antigens (agglutinogens) on their surface, while
the plasma contains antibodies (agglutinins). To determine the blood group, the red
blood cells are made to react with sera containing known agglutinins. The slide is then
examined under the microscope to detect the presence or absence of agglutination and
hemolysis of red cells.

Observation
Blood Group Anti-A Anti-B Anti-D

B positive No changes Agglutination occurs Agglutination occurs

(clumping) (clumping)