ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE

ASSIGNMENT 1
FOR BBA DEGREE
SEMESTER FALL 2019

SUBMITTED BY: SUPERVISED BY:

MUHAMMAD AHAD ALI SIR IMRAN ASIF
REG NO: 1512-116-006 INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY

MAIN CAMPUS (EVENING)

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

FACULTY OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
PRESTON UNIVERSITY (MAIN CAMPUS)
BANGLORE TOWN, SHAHRAH-E-FAISAL KARACHI SINDH.
Question: What are basic elements of social structure?

Social Structure
Social structure, in sociology, the distinctive, stable arrangement of institutions
whereby human beings in a society interact and live together. Social structure is often treated
together with the concept of social change, which deals with the forces that change the social
structure and the organization of society.

Elements of social structure

1. Institutions
A social institution consists of a group of people who have come together for a common
purpose. These institutions are a part of the social order of society and they govern behavior
and expectations of individuals.

2. Social Groups
A social group is a collection of people who interact with each other and share similar
characteristics and a sense of unity. A social category is a collection of people who do not
interact but who share similar characteristics.

3. Statuses
Social status is a central dimension of stratification, making up one leg of the traditional “class,
status, power” division among the bases of societal inequality. Originating in the work of Max
Weber, this division, by asserting the independent influence of status groups and interests,
represented a key departure from Karl Marx’s insistence on the primacy of economic or class
relationships

4. Roles
Role, in sociology, the behavior expected of an individual who occupies a given social position
or status. A role is a comprehensive pattern of behavior that is socially recognized, providing a
means of identifying and placing an individual in a society.
 IMPORTANCE OF GROUPS

ASSIGNMENT 2
FOR BBA DEGREE
SEMESTER FALL 2019

SUBMITTED BY: SUPERVISED BY:

MUHAMMAD AHAD ALI SIR IMRAN ASIF
REG NO: 1512-116-006 INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY

MAIN CAMPUS (EVENING)

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

FACULTY OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
PRESTON UNIVERSITY (MAIN CAMPUS)
BANGLORE TOWN, SHAHRAH-E-FAISAL KARACHI SINDH.
Question: Describe the importance of social groups?

Importance of Social Groups

From friendships to families to entire societies, humans naturally form social groups; in fact, this
tendency is essential to what it means to be human. A social group is any grouping of two or
more interacting people who recognize their relationship with each other as a distinct social unit.
Social groups play an important role in daily life and help humans make meaning of the world
around them.
We can conclude that social group is the basic factor in all social functions, social structure,
social institutions, system and organization. All sociological studies are based upon the study of
social group. It means that social group is important in human life. The importance of social
groups becomes clearer when we observe that human personality develops in social groups.
The type of personality depends of the type of groups in which he was socialized. The whole
process of socialization pass through social groups.
Social groups provide requirements to the needy people. In this way, the satisfaction of needs is
the binding force among the individuals and unites them into social group. Society has divided
people into different groups according to their needs and interests. ‘These groups have
reciprocal role in society. They help one another and satisfy the needs of the people. The
function of the institutions depends upon the groups of people working in them.

Types Of Social Groups

 Primary Group
 Secondary Group

Primary Groups
The concept of primary group is given by C.H Cooley. Primary Groups have following
characteristics
1. There is face to face interaction among its members.
2. There are frequent interactions among its members.
3. The relations among the members are too personal, intimate and intense.
4. There is sense of ‘we feeling’ in the members.
5. The member possess similar background attributes such as language, interest, culture,
religion etc.
6. There is physical proximity among its members.
7. These groups are smaller in size.

Examples: Neighborhood, Local Brotherhood, Close friends and peers.

Secondary Groups
The concept of primary group is given by Maciver. Secondary Groups have Following
Characteristics.
1. The group is formed by relations secondary to primary group.
2. There is comparatively less face to face interaction.
3. There is comparatively less face frequent interactions.
4. The relations among the members are impersonal and secondary. These relations are
relatively less personal, less intimate and less intense.
5. The members have specific aims or interest to achieve.
6. There is less physical proximity among the members.
7. These groups are larger in size.

Examples: A Shopkeeper-Customer relation, A Doctor-Patient Relation, A Teacher-Student

Relation, A Candidate-Voter Relation.