Pakistan Studies (Paper 1) - 4 marks question Notes Made by: Suchal Riaz

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Chapter no. 9 (1940 to 1947)

Questions:

1- What was the day of deliverance?

2- What was the Pakistan movement?
3- Who was Maulvi Fazl-Ul-Haq?
4- What was Cripps Mission?
5- What was Quit India Resolution?
6- Describe Gandhi-Jinnah Talks?
7- Who was Lord Wavell?
8- Describe Simla Conference?
9- Describe the elections of 1945-46?
10- What was the Cabinet Mission Plan?
11- What the direct Action Day?
12- Who was Mountbatten?
13- What was the 3rd June Plan?
14- What was the independence Act?
15- Who was Muhammad Ali Jinnah?
16- What was the August Offer?

Answers:

1. This day was celebrated by the muslims of india on 22nd December, 1939. Jinnah called the muslims to celebrate
this day because the congress ministries had resigned. They had resigned because the voiceroy Linlithgow said
that india would fight on their side against Germany without consulting congress. Muslims celebrated it very
happily because the rule of congress was full of oppression and injustice for them. Congress was offended by
this.
2. It was put forward by Fazl-ul-Haq on 22nd march and it demanded that muslims provinces should be made made
separate states. It was passed in the Annual session of Muslim League on 23nd march, 1940 in Lahore. It was
known as Lahore resolution but later it came to be known as the Pakistan resolution. There is a national holiday
on 23rd march.
3. Fazl-ul-Haq was one of the four members of the committee that drafted the constitution of the All India Muslim
League in 1906. He was also a delegate of the Round Table Conferences. In 1937 he was elected as Chief
Minister of Bengal. He put forward the Pakistan Resolution in 1940.
4. British sent sir stafford Cripps to india in march 1942 to see that if a compromise could be reached which would
win support of Indians for british war. It proposed that there would be an indian union with dominion status.
The provinces could opt out of the indian union and declare independence if they wanted. The constitution
would be setup by constitutional assembly but elections for the constitute assembly would be held after the
war.
5. It was an anti-british movement started by Gandhi. He it was a non-violent protest but it later turned into a
violent protest. British lost control of some areas but by use of strong measures could restore their control .
 Gandhi, Nehru and other senior members were arrested. The congress party was banned. Muslim league did not
approve of this compaign.
6. Gandhi and Jinnah met in jinnah’s home in Bombay. Their aim was to discuss the future of india after british
departure. Gandhi demanded that they should first cooperate with each other to persuade british to leave india
and they would discuss later whether partition should happen or not but Jinnah disagreed with this. Other area
of disagreement was that whether the defense and foreign policy should be in center or provinces. So these
talks failed.
7. Wavell was a British field marshal and the commander of British Army forces in the Middle East during the
Second World War. When Linlinthgow retired as viceroy in the summer of 1943, Wavell was chosen to replace
him as viceroy of india. He remained in office till 1947 when moutbatten replaced him. He was present in simla
conference and proposed the Wavell plan.
8. Lord Wavell called this conference to discuss the future of india with Indians. Congress, Muslim League and
scheduled casts attended it. Wavell proposed that an executive council should act as in interin government and
it would have equal members of congress and muslim league and scheduled casts were given seats. This failed
because Jinnah said that the scheduled casts would take side of india and they would be left in minority.
9. Muslim league had manifesto of Pakistan and congress had of a joint india without british. In the election, the
muslim league won all the seats of muslims in center and 446 out of 495 in provincial elections. Congress won
91% of non-muslims seats. Congress also won in NWFP.
10. In March 1946 a three-man delegation including Stafford was sent to india. It announced it’s plan that there
would be no Pakistan but the new india would have three parts, hindu majority areas, Bengal and assam, and
muslim majority area in west. Each part could frame its own constitution but the fence and foreign affairs would
be in hands of the central indian union. This was rejected by both congress and muslim league.
11. On 16th August muslims celebrated the direct action day to show their solidarity and strength to british and
congress. It was non-violent but in Calcutta it turned to violence in which 4000 people were killed. It is called the
Great Calcutta Killings.
12. He was the last the last viceroy of British India and the First Governor-General of India. He belonged to the royal
families of both Germany and Britain. He was in navy during Second World War but was sent as the viceroy to
arrange the departure of british in india. He persuaded Radcliff to change the map of Pakistan in 1947. He died
in Ireland.
13. This plan was announced in 1947 by Mountbatten. It said that British india would be split into two states, india
and Pakistan. Each state was to have dominion status. The provinces would have choice to join Pakistan or india.
Punjab, Sindh, nwfp, blochistan, Bengal and assam joined Pakistan.
14. It was passed in 15 August, 1947. It said that British India would be partitioned into Pakistan and india. Each
state could pass any law they wanted. The government of india act 1935 was to be the constitution of both
states.
15. He was born in Karachi. He went to study law in London and returned to india. There he became an advocate. In
his early carrier he joined both congress and muslim league. Later he left congress and became the president of
Muslim League. He was the first governor-general of Pakistan.
16. The August offer 1940 was made on August 8, 1940, the eve of the Battle of Britain. The Viceroy at the time,
Lord Linlithgow, made a fresh offer that promised the expansion of the governor-general's Executive Council to
include more Indians, the Establishment of an Advisory War council, giving full weight to minority opinion,
recognition of Indians' right to frame their own constitution (after the war would end). In return, it was hoped
that all parties and communities in India would cooperate in Britain's war efforts.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Other parts also available on http://bit.ly/olevelpst14mn….