Name: Jayesh Ankush Chavan

Roll No: 1306

Enrollment No: 1715090014
Subject: Rural Development
Subject code: 22505
Topic: Report on the basis of cement plug
Subject teacher: Pooja Jadhav
Guided by: Pooja Jadhav
Introduction:-
Plug cementing is another remedial cementing technique And refers to
the method of placing the cement slurry Into the wellbore to create a solid
wellbore seal or plug.
The general plug cementing process involves selecting the Location for
the plug, positioning the end of the work String at the bottom of the
desired plug depth, mixing And pumping a cement slurry down the work
string ( drilling or tubing ) into the wellbore, removing the work String
from the cement column and allowing the cement Slurry to harden in the
wellbore.
Objectives of the study:-
1. The objective of this was to establish an optimized method for
evaluating cement plug seal integrity for well abandonment built on a
comprehensive engineering study of the fundamentals governing
cement plug seal performance.
2. This project consisted of laboratory and field investigations assess the
necessary attributes of the seal formed by a cement plug, and to
determine the effects of wellbore geometry, cement properties, and
placement methods on these attributes.
3. Bond and seal evaluated in light of potential effectiveness determined
by current plug evaluation methods required 30CFR250.1715 were
evaluated in light of potential leak pathways and failure mechanism.
4. Analysis of the information from the assessment of current verification
methods, leak pathways, failure modes, current properties, wellbore
geometry, and placement methods identified an optimum verification
method for cement plug seal, as well as a correlation relating well
geometry, cement properties, and placement methods to potential for
forming an effective seal.
 Davis-Lynch stage collars

• Type 778 MC Mechanical stage cementing collar:-

While now established as a field proven tool, this tool Continues to be the
subject of research and development to find new materials for faster drill out
Time, greater PDC bit drill ability and better metal to Metal sealing.
  What are the features including in 778 MC stage
cementing collar ?
1. Tools can be made from material grades up to 135000 PSI minimum
yield and for sour gas service.
2. All parts are custom fitted and subjected to the quality Control
standards for maximum performance downhole.
3. No welds are used for any portion of tool.
4. The reduced length of tool minimizes by the effects of The bending
stresses.
5. The seals are providing in the internal and external Pressure in the
stage collar body.
6. The closing sleeves is held in the closed position by an Internal lock
ring.
7. Both the opening and closing sleeves lock against Rotation for easy
drill-out.
• Type 777 HY Hydraulic- opening stage cementing Collar:-
This stage collar features an opening sleeve with area differences on
opposite ends that allows it to be manipulated hydraulically. The
development and Introduction of this model was spurred on by the
tremendous upswing in horizontal drilling activity that has occurred in
horizontal wells.

The elimination of the need to use a mechanical opening device has serval
other merits. Casing runs In highly deviated wells can now be two- stage
cemented without having to use continuous displacement type plugs. In
certain applications, liners runs with drill pipe can be run in conjunction
with one or several inflatable packers and used to isolate and selectively
cement certain casing intervals. Slotted or predrilled liner can be run below a
Davis inflatable packer/ hydraulic stage collar assembly, allowing cement to
be pumped above the Peaker and isolated from highly sensitive producing
zones.
  What are the features including in 777 HY
Hydraulic- opening stage cementing mortar ?

1. Effective differential area on the opening sleeve that generates a high

opening force while requiring only optimal pressure to do so.
2. The ability to open immediately on first- stage Cementing.
3. Opening pressures values of that can be adjusted at the time or other
hydraulic tools present in the Casing string.

Conclusions:-
1. weight test measures plug location not seal Effectiveness.
2. Weight test isn’t operationally feasible in rig-less Operations and poses
a higher safety concern.
3. Weight test is less stringent of a seal effectiveness test when compared
to surface pump pressure test.
4. Surface pressure verification of cement seal integrity Is significant only
on the initial plug covering Perforated zones or formation. Pressure
leaks detected In subsequent plug testing indicated casing leaks
Rather than plug seal failure.
5. Several factors affect cement seal integrity.
For examples:- Cement fluid characteristics, well-bore
Deviation, placement techniques, slurry volume, etc.
6. The bond strength varies on cement plug and effective Length of
cement plug.
7. Cement plug stability plays a very large role in bond Strength
development.
8. There is a fundamental differences between in weight Test and
pressure test.
9. Plug integrity and location are greatly affected from Fluid swapping in
balanced plug conditions.
10. Most field operations generally utilize in cement blends For P and A.
11. It is a currently not required to test plug stability on Intermediate.