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A metal detector is
an electronic instrument which
detects the presence of metal nearby.
fig.no 3.1 IR SENSOR Metal detectors are useful for
finding metal inclusions hidden
3.1.1 SPECIFICATIONS within objects, or metal objects
Operating voltage: 4.5 V to 5.5 V buried underground. They often
Average current consumption: 30 consist of a handheld unit with a
mA (typical) sensor probe which can be swept
over the ground or other objects. If
Output voltage differential over the sensor comes near a piece of
distance range: 1.9 V (typical) metal this is indicated by a changing
Response time: 38 ± 10 ms tone in earphones, or a needle
moving on an indicator. Usually the
Weight: 3.5 g (0.12 oz) device gives some indication of
Range detection (10-80cm). distance; the closer the metal is, the
higher the tone in the earphone or
No external circuitry required. the higher the needle goes. Another
Infrared Proximity Sensor. common type are stationary "walk
through" metal detectors used
Analog output inversely for security screening at access
proportional to distance. points in prisons, courthouses, and
airports to detect concealed metal
weapons on a person's body.
food, and in the construction
industry to detect steel reinforcing
bars in concrete and pipes and wires
buried in walls and floors.
3.3 CAPACITIVE PROXIMITY SENSOR