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S UPPL E ME N TA R Y
A Sh o rt o ca u l ar V b y
Sh o rth an d as a M e an s Of M e n tal C u l t ure
 PREFA CE

I n th e P re f ace t o th e fir
st ed i t io n Of th is s yste m ,

I s aid

a uth o r h as b ee n t o c o m pil e a
_

T he v
e n d e a o r o f t he

sy s t e m s o s i m pl e as t o b e re adil y ac q u ire d by t h e h u m b l e s t

c apac i ty a nd t h o se po sse sse d O f l itt l e l e is u re a n d ye t rapid

e n o ug h t o re pro d uce v e rb at im t h e fas tes t o ra to ry

,

In

prese n tin g his w o rk t o t h e pu b l ic h e as k s fo r n o thin g

.

b ey o nd an im partial investi gatio n an d w ith perfect co n

,

fi d e nce aw aits t h e res u l t .

T h e s u b se q u e n t h is t o ry o f th e s y s t e m h as j u s t ifi ed
t h e co n fi d e n ce e x pre s se d a t th a t t i m e G re g g Sh o rt
.

h an d h as d e m o n s t rat ed its s u pe rio ri ty to th e O l d e r s ys

t em s i n s im pl ici ty l e g ib il ity a n d s pee d— an d th e re are
,

t o d ay n e arl y a m ill io n w ri t e rs o f th e s y s t e m
-
I n be .

g in n in g th e pre parat io n O f th is e d it io n i t w as m y i mt e n
t io n to m ak e so m e rad ical c h ang e s in th e m an n e r O f
prese n t in g th e prin c ipl e s ; b u t in pro c ee di n g w ith th e
rev isio n I w as f o rce d to th e co n c l u sio n th at i t w o u l d

b e a m is t ak e to d e part m a t e riall y f ro m th e g e n e ral pl an

a n d f o rm O f t h e pre v io u s e d i t io n . N O b e tt e r e v id en ce
O f th e po pu l ari ty an d s u cc e s s O f t h e pre v io u s e d i t io n

co u l d b e g iv e n th an th e f ac t th a t ,al th o u g h n e arl y a

m ill io n co pie s o f i t h av e b e e n s o l d th e re h as b ee n v e ry
,

l itt l e d em and fo r re v isio n e xce pt req uests fo r the in

c lu s io n O f th o s e c h a n g e s an d im pro v e m e n t s th a t h av e

b e e n m ad e in th e co u rse O f th e pas t few y e ars .

v ii
 P R E F A CE
T h ist io n th e n re t ai n s th e g e n e ral pl an a n d f o rm
ed i , ,

O f th e pre v io u s e d it io n b u t m u c h o f th e m at e rial co n
,

tain e d i n i t is arran g e d i n m o re
‘

l o g ic a l q
se u e n ce, an d th e
i ll t
u s ra t io n s are c great e r care w i th a V iew to
h o se n w i th ,

d e v e l o pin g q u ick n ess i n th e appl icat i o n O f i ts ru l es an d

prin c ipl es A n a tt e m pt h as b ee n m ad e to s t at e s o m e O f
.

th e ru l es m o re c l e arl y th an w as d o n e i n th e O ld b o o k ,

an d to pu t th e m i n t o l an g u ag e b e tt e r ad ap t ed to the
c o m pre h e n sio n O f y o u n g s t u d e n t s .

I n th e s y s t e m i t se l f few c h an g es h av e b ee n f o u nd
n ece ss ary o r d e sirab l e So m e n ew w o rd S ig n s an d e x t e n
.
-

s io n s o f ad v an ce d prin c ipl e s h av e b e e n i n t ro d u ced b u t ,

all O f th e s e are i n h arm o n y w i th t h e f un d am e n t al prin

c iples O f th e sy s t e m A ll O f th e m h av e b een subj ec ted

.

to v e ry care f u l t rial in prac t ic a l w o rk b e f o re th e y h av e

b e e n ad o pt ed .

I n s e n di ng fo rth th is b o o k I d e s ire to e x pre s s m y

h e artf e l t appreciat io n o f th e s ug g es t io n s th at h av e co m e
to m e f ro m w ri t e rs f ro m re po rt e rs an d f ro m t e ac h e rs
,

w h o are u sin g t h e sy s t e m in all part s o f th e w o rl d

.

T h ese s u g g es t io n s h av e b ee n O f g reat s erv ice to m e in

t h e pre para t io n o f th is pre s e n t a t io n o f th e s y s t e m .

J OH N R O BE R T G R E G G .

NE W YO R K ,
J un e 17, 19 16 .
 A BOU T GREGG SHORT HA N D
H I T R Y— G g g Sh rt h d w fi r t p b l i h d i 1888
S O
’

le o an as s u s e n i n t wo
l ittl e pape r c o v e re d pam ph l e ts u n d e r t h e t i tl e L ig ht—
.
,
“
-
L in e P h o n o
g raphy F ive y ears l ate r a rev ised a nd g reat l y i m pro ved ed itio n
, ,

w as pub l is h e d u n d e r t he t itl e G re gg Sho rt hand

.

I t w as n o t u n t i l
“

189 7 h o w e v e r t h at t h e au t h o r w as a b l e t o pub l is h t he s y s te m i n
.
,

, ,

book fo rm
g g i f
.

T h e re a re fe w m o re i n te re sti n or i n s pirin s to r e s o s ucc e s s

t h an t h e c aree r o f G re gg Sh o rt h an d i n t h ye h h v l p d
e ars t at a e e a se

S in ce b
i t s pu l icat io n in oo k fo rm T O ay re b o rt a n s t e -
d G gg Sh h d i h
y A gh i m h
.

s tan d ard s h o rt h an d s s t e m O f m e rica t s tau t n o re t a n . I i

s e v e n t h o u sa n d fi v e h u n d re d sc h oo l s — t h at i s t o s ay, i n m o re t h a n

ei gh y fi t -
ve pe r cen t o f t he sc h o o s l t h at t e ac h s h o rt h an d I t h as
b b l i h l f 39 0 0i i d w
.

i n t h e pu
e e n a d o pt e d d h c sc oo s O c t e s an to n s , an as

y m i l g m b f h i i by
s u pe rs e d ed t h e o l d e r s st e s n a ar e n u er o t e se c t es

f m l
or i a fB d f Ed
ac t o n o i o ar s o u ca t o n

W S W R D S C H MP SH P — I h 19 2 1
.

’
IN O L f h
A I ON I n t e c o n t e st o t e

N i l Sh h d R p A i i M A l b S h id
.

’
at o n a o rt an e o rt e rs ss o c at o n , r e rt c ne e r,

f G gg Sh
.

a w i r te r o h d w h w ld
re h m i h ip
o rt an on t e or
’
s c a p o ns

i g h l g mb
, ,

d f e eat n t f w i e p i ip
ar es t n u i f er o r te rs t o art c at e n o ne o

th ese m g h m h f m h m pi
c o n t e st s a on I ht e t re e or er c a ons n t e

i i g f di
.

ch m pi a h ip o ns i f fi mi
t e s ts , c o n s h st n o c t at o n s or ve n u t es ea c

at 20
0w d m i li
or s a ym 240 w d min ut e j y t e ra r att e r, or s a n ute ur

ch g d 2 80
ar e , anw d mi im y h md v g
or s a n u te te st on e a e an a e ra e

g f O ly q l ifi d M
,

p e rc e n ta e o h n o ne ot e r c o n t es t an t ua e r

ib d h l i ym
. .
0

S h id
c nel e r a so di i
t ran sc r 2 15e t e t e rar at t e r c t at o n s at

an d 175 w d mi d or s b l i h d w w ld a d
n ut e an e s ta s e ne or reco r s o n

b h f h y i g w i h M Will d B B m
ot o t es e , t n ffi i l t r ar o tto e , an O c a re po rte r

f N w Y k Ci y
. .

of h S p m C
t e u re e h 1 75 w i h h
o u rt o e or t , on t e t t re e e rro rs .

I n t h e 2 15 d ictat io n he m ade the hi g hest n et speed ever attai n ed i n

a n y con test a t an y speed on m atter of thi s ki n d w o rd s a m in ut e
x trao rd in ary l e g ib il ity o f Mr by
.

’
T he e Sc h n e id e r s n otes w as S ho w n

b g
.

t h e fa c t t h at h e t ran sc ri ed fiv e of t h e h i h e st s pee d d ic tat io n s i n

the tim e a ll o tte d fo r t h e t h ree c h am pio n s h i p d ic tat io n s . Mr .
x A B OU T G R EGG SH O R T H A N D

Sc h n eid e r w as b u t t w e n t yy e ars O ld at the t im e of t he c o n test , an d

w as t h e y oun g est an d l east e x pe rie n c ed w rit e r t o w in t he c h am pio n

s h ip

O TH E R P U B L I C T R I U MP H S — I n 19 10 a w rite r o f G re gg Sh o rt han d
.

Mr F red H G urtle r w o n t h e fi n a l c o nt e st fo r t h e fa m o u s M in e r
.
,

M e d al i n t h e F i fth I n te rnatio n al Sho rt han d Spe e d Co ntest h e l d

. .
,

u n d e r t h e a u s pic e s o f t he E a s te rn C o m m e rc ia l T eac h ers A sso c ia

,
’

t io n G regg w rite rs w o n fi rst secon d an d thi rd pl ac e s A l l O f t he

G re gg w riters q ualifi ed— te n O f t h e fo urtee n w rite rs o f o t he r s y ste m s
. .
,

fail e d
I n t h e 19 1 1 s ho rt ha n d s peed c o n t est o f t h e N at io n a l Sho rt h an d
.

R e po rters A ssociatio n a w riter o f G regg Sho rthan d Mr Ch arl es

'

L Sw em (th e n e ig htee n y ears O f ag e ) e stab l ish ed a w o rl d s reco rd

.
, ,
’

fo r accu racy o n l ite rary m atte r at 1 70

.
,

w o rd s a m i n ute fo r fi v e
m in u t es an d w it h a n e t s pee d o f 23 7 w o rd s a m in ut e e x c eed ed t he
pre v io u s w o rl d s re co rd by t en w o rd s a m in ut e o n a j ud g e s c harg e
,
’ ’

to a j y di
ur c tate d at 24 0w o rd s a m in u te
N
.

I n t h e 19 12 Spee d co n t e s t o f the at io n a l Sh o rt h a n d R e po rt e rs

A sso c iat io n , Mr Sw e m ac h ie v ed a n et S pe e d o f 2 68 w o rd s a m in u t e
y
.

fo r fi v e m in u t e s on t e st im o n an d d e feate d t h ree of t h e fo rm er
gh
,

c h a m pio n s a s w e ll as e i tee n o t h e r c o n t estan t s —all of them ex

pe rie n c ed
I n 19 12 , i n th e s h o rth an d Ex h ib itio n c o n t e st he l d at t h e B u s i n e ss
L o n d o n a w riter o f G re g g Sho rthand Mr E rn e st W C ro c kett o f
,

L iverpoo l wo n t he J u n io r Sho rth an d C ham pio n ship hav in g less

. .
, , ,

, ,

tha n o ne per cen t errors i n hi s tra n scri pt

CFCE P ST
.

AWA R D E D ME D A L O F H O N O R A T P A N A MA -
PA I I X O I I ON

m P ifi I 19 15 G gg
.

A h P
t t e i l Ex p i i i
an a a- ac c n t e rn at o n a os t on , n re

h hig h
,

Sh h d w
o rtw d d h M d l fH
an w d
as a ar e t e e a o o n o r, t e est a ar

ev g d
er y m f h h d by Ex p i i d h l y
ran t e a s s te o s o rt an an y os t o n an t e on

aw d v g d w hi h w b d h
ar e l
er m pl i h d
ra n te c as ase on t e res u t s acc o s e

by d i m d l h l d c d d h b v i f
stu e n ts n a o e sc oo con u te un er t e o s e r at o n o

* Mr . Sw em w asP e rso na] ecre tar S O fi‘

y
i c i al R e port er t o P re s d e n t W so n
an d i il
for igh t ye ars H e w as t w e n t y ye a rs of ag e w h e n h e rec e ve d t h e appo m t m e nt i .

W H
e .

a t the h te i o use .
 A BO U T G R EGG SHO RT H A N D X1

t he I J y f A w d T h G gg y m w l d
n t e rn at io n a l ur O ar s e re s s te as s e ec te

by h Exp i i A h i i f h l fb i
.

t e os t on i h m d l ut or t es o r u se n t e o e sc oo o u s n es s

i h P l
n t e f Ed
a ace O i — h l d ig d d m
uc at o n h a sc oo es ne to e o n s trate t e
m dv
o st a d m h d i b i
an c e d eti o s n u s n ess e uca t o n .

PR C P IN S I SYT M — N d l
LE O F TH E y G gg Sh h dS E . ee ess to sa ,
re o rt an

i s a radi l d p ca f m h e ld l i
a rt u re f h h d ro i t e O n es o s o rt an co n s t ruc t o n ,

f ori i t l y by
s on di l d p h a ra h m k d p i i y
ca e art u re t at s u c ar e su e r or t
i n l
re s u ts b c anm pl i h d e ac c o s e

T h f ll w i g y bl h d
.

e o p i w ill
o n s no d s sd e na e t e rea er to un e rs tan

t h l di g f
e ea n f h y m
eat u re s o t e s s te

()1 N C M PU
O S R Y T O —
M b w i
L O H I CKE N I N G ay e r tt e n

l ig h
.

e i ht er h v t or ea y .

(2 ) WR TT I S P
EN L GH D h
ON TH E LO E OF ON AN t us

i g
,

s ec u r n if m m
a un lm v m or an u a
A i
o e en t .

S n

()3 P S T O I WR T G A L I
I ON H — M
yb w iI di
IN y BO S ED a e r t te n or n ar

ig h l i w i i g
.

o n u n ru e l dp p d i a e r, a n n o n e s tra t ne . r t n

(4 ) V S
OW E L C S TS A J D d A ND O N O NA N RE O I NE ,
an

fo ll o w e ac h o th e r i n t h eir n at ura l o rd e r .

G S A R —C v p d mi
(5) A N LE RE A RE ur es re o n ate .

T hi b i f y sp i w ill
re ffi h w h
s hno im f h s s h su ce to S o t at t e a o t e a ut or

h b
as dh h
ee n t o a l p i ipl w h i h g v
e re to tdi y o s e n at u ra r nc es c o e rn o r nar

w i i g
rt n By p i l m b i i f h l m a rac t ca f d co n at o n o t e se e e e n ts a s a o un a

y m
.

ti on, h t e s h w i
s te wi h y li l p i
s ec u re s h to t e r te r, t ver tt e ract ce, t at

p f mm
e r ec t c o d f h h whi h i p d
an iv f h b
o t e c arac te rs c s ro uc t e O t e es t

l
re s u ts , d i l y b i d by y
an sf p i
on p i ki go ta ne ea rs o e rs s t e n t , a n s ta n

p i if h
ract c e ld g m it y m e O m pl y d eo etr c s s te s are e o e .

T O SU M U P
EA SY TO L E AR N — G r gg e Sho rth a n d m ay b e l earn e d in fro m
o n e - th ird to o n e -
hal f t he t i m e re q u ire d t h e o ld s s te m s by y T he
by by
.

re co rd s m ad e it s w rite rs pro v e t h is e o nd all

q ue s tio n
SY gg gb
.

EA TO R E A D — G re Sh o rth a n d is t he m o s t l e i l e Sh o rt
h and in e x is te n ce . In t he pu bli c s h o rt h a n d s pee d c o n te s ts , w rite rs
 A BOU T G R EG G SH O R T H A N D

of the s y st e m hav e e sta bl i h

s ed h
t e hi g hest offici al world
’
s records

for accu racy O f t ran sc ripts o n so l id d iffi c u l t m atte r T hese re co rd s

, .

w e re m ad e i n c o m pe t it io n w it h e x perie n ce d re po rters w ho u sed th e

O l d er sy ste m s an d in c o n te sts c o n d uc t e d by re po rt e rs a n d t eac h e rs

y
,

w h o w ro t e s uc h s st e m s (F u ll part ic u ars l of t h ese co n te sts w i ll

by bli h M a n ife st l y th e in sertio n
.

be s en t t h e pu s e rs o n a pp l icatio n )
b g
.
,

o f the v ow e l s h
t e a se n c e O f s h ad in t h e e l i m in at io n o f po s it io n
g
, ,

w ritin an d t h e e l im i n a t io n o f t h e m i n u t e d is t i n c t i o n s Of fo rm mece s
sar yi n t he O ld s y m
st e l e g ib il ity
s , all c o n t ri b u te t o

E A S Y T O VVR I T E — T he e as y n atu ral appeara n ce O f th e w riti n g

.

in G re gg Sh o rth an d a ppeal s t o e v e ry i m partia l i n v est ig ato r

,
.

T he
ab se n ce o f d is t in c tio n s b e t wee n l ig h t a n d h eav y c h arac te rs
.

the

c o n t i n uo u s ru n o f t h e w riti n g al o n g o n e l in e a s i n l o n g h a n d i n s te ad
,

o f co n s tan t c h an g e s O f po s i t io n
, ,

— no w on t h e l ine t he n a bove t he ,

l in e an d th e n pe rha ps throug h o r below th e l in e— w ill b e n o t iced

at a fi rs t g l a nce N ext the in ve stigato r w ill pro b ab l y attrib ute
, , ,

m uc h O f t h e nat u ra l pl easin g appearan ce O f t h e w ri tin g t o th at

.
,

u n i fo rm s l an t o f t h e w ri ti n g w it h w hic h b o th h an d and eye are

,

O n l y t h ose w h o hav e had prev io us e xperience w ith short

,

fa m il iar
h a n d h o w e v e r w ill b e ab l e t o appreciat e fu ll y h o w m u ch e l im i nat io n
.

, ,

o f n u m e ro u s d o t s a n d d ash e s
— m in u te m ark s t hat h av e t o b e l ac ed
p
w ith g reat prec is io n al o n g sid e t h e s t ro k e s— co n trib ut e s t o easy
c o n t in u o u s e ffo rt l e ss w ritin g
,

S UP E R I O R I N S PE E D P O SS I B IL I T I E S — Write rs o f G regg Sh o rt
, .

h a n d h av e d e m on s trat ed i n pu b l ic s peed co n tes ts u n d er t h e m os t

.

t ry i n g c o n dit io n s t h at t h e sy st e m h as g reat er s pee d po ssib il itie s

,

y bg y
,

th an an y o th e r s st em A b oy o f n in e te e n (w h o e an t he s t ud

G regg Shorth an d i n a g y ly)

.

Of n i h t sc h o o l l e ss t h an fo u r ears v
pre io u s
e stab l ish e d a reco rd O f 2 68 w o rd s a m in u te n et fo r fi v e m in u t e s
g gh
,

d efea tin th re e fo rm er c h a m pio n s an d ei x

t ee n o th er e pe rie n ced a n d

c apa bl e
"

re po rt e rs T he c o n te st c o m m itte e c o n s ist e d Of se v en
y
.

sh o rt h an d repo rte rs , a ll o f w h o m w ere w riters o f o th e r s st e m s

bif
.

When a m e re b o y c an d o t h is after s u c h a re e x perie nce t h ere

y g
, ,

c an be n o q u e s t io n t hat t his s st e m o f s h o rth a n d po ss esses reate r

s pee d bl
po ssi i it ies t h a n an y o f the O l d er sy s te m s .
 A TA L K W I T H TH E BEGI NNER

Succes s i n a n y s t ud yd e pe n d s l a rg el y u po n t h e i n terest t ak e n i n
that partic u a r l su bj ec t by t h e s t ud e n t big h
T his e n t e c as e , we
ly h v y
.

e arne s t h o pe t h at yo u w ill re a l iz e at t e h er o u tse t t at s h o rt

h an d ca n b e m a d e a n i n t e n se l yf as c i na t n i g dy C l iv
stu u t a te a l ov e
h ig h m f w i i g wh i h i
.

fo r i t T hin k Of it as t he es t fo r O rt n c s i ts e l f

g
.
,

th e reat e s t i n v e n tio n Of man B e pro u d h y t at o u c an reco rd the

g g g ly
.

l an ua e in race fu l l in es an d c ur e s v A im c o n s tan t t o ac q uire

k ill i n e xec u tin g t h o se l in e s a nd c urv e s Yo u can if yo u
.

artis t ic s

will m a ke t h e s t ud y O f s h o rth a n d a pe rfec t jo y i n s tead O f a t as k

.
,

I ts po s se ss io n h as b e e n c o v e te d by t h e w is e s t O f m e n a n d w o m e n
.
,

fo r i t is n o t o n l y a prac t ica l i ns t ru m e n t i n c o m m e rc ial w o rk b u t a

,

m uc h priz e d an d v al ua b l e acco m pl ish m e n t a n d a m ea ns O f m e n tal

,

c u l t u re

BE T H O R O U G H — Sk ill i n a n y t h in g is at t ain e d by re pe t itio n ;

.

t h erefo re d o n o t S hirk th e c are fu l pai ns t a k in g prac t ice o n t h e e le

.

m e n ta ry fo rm s g iv e n i n t h e M an ua l W rite eac h o utl in e m an y

,

t i m es a n d a i m a l w ay s at th e a ttai n m e n t o f e a se a n d e x ac t n ess i n
.

e x ec u t NNL
Y o u r fut u re s u cce s s d e pe n d s t o a v e ry l a rge e x te n t on t h e w ay

yo u d o y o ur w o rk now In o rd e r t ha t y o ur pro g ress m ay b e s u re

b
.

a n d ra pid m as t e r e ac h l esso n e fo re yo u proce e d w it h t he ne t x

fi ly ll y ; y
.
,

At rs t , w rite s owl a nd c are fu a im at a c c urac ra th e r

th an s pe ed , b ut d o not d raw t h e c h arac te rs . Yu mu t u

o s n d e rs t an d

at t h e o u tset t h at s h o rth an d m ust b e w ri tten ; b u t yo u m u s t a l s o

i m pre ss u po n y o ur m in d t h at w h ate v e r yo u w rite yo u m u s t rea d
g d p m h ip A kill i x i g y
,

he nc e the n ec es s i t for oo en an s s S n e ec u t n

b i d h p d my b i
.

h m v m
t e i o e e n ts s O d t a neil h t e s ee a e n c re ase unt t e

pid l y l d b g iv
,

f m
or sw i are S m i
r tte n h ra o e a t te n t o n S ou e en to
q ii g p i y f w i i g i di i d pid l y w i h
.

ac u rn a ca l ac tli or rt n n v ua o ut n e s ra t out

h i i d wi h
es t at o n , f m v m an f h h td a re e o e ent O t e an

yl f w i i g x
.

A im q i m h
t o ac u re a s h h oo t st e o rt n ; e ec u te e ac c ar

wi h
ac te r y i t m i f h p
a n e as d p di
co n t n u ou s ly o t on o t e en , an ass re c t

y mvm A h l i g j ky
,

to h t x wi h e ne t t out u n n ec e ssar o e e n ts a t n er

lw y
.
,

m v mo e i f l p d ent d m y b
s lm
ata to s dee , an a e a os t a a s t race to

x iii
x iv A TALK WIT H T H E B EG I N N E R
in d ec ision , c a u se d by u n fa m i l iarit y w it h t h e fo rm s At fi rs t c are

y l yz e t h e w o rd s T o d o th is i t is O f c o urse n ec e ssary fo r
.

full a na .
, ,

o u t o t h i n k O f t h e m i n d e ta il ; b u t a fte r o u h a v e d e t e rm i n e d th e
'

v
y
c o rrec t o u t l i n e prac t ice i t a n d t h i n k o f it a s a w hole

F acil ity in the u se o f sh orthan d d e pe nd s l argel y upo n t h e stoc k

, .

o f o u t l i n e s yo u h av e at y o u r read y co m m an d N o te th e u se o f .

t h at w o rd ready T h is m ea n s t h at yo u s h o u l d m as te r all t h e fo rm s
g ive n in the M an ual by w ritin g the m m an y tim es T h is w ill n ot
.

o n l y i m pre ss t he fo rm s o n y o ur m in d S O t h at yo u w ill n o t h av e
.

a n y h e s itatio n i n rec all in g t he m b u t w ill g iv e yo u fa c il i t y i n w ritin g

,

th e m In sh o rth an d i t is no t fi c ie n t
s uf to kn ow h o w t o w rite a

y b
.

w o rd — yo u m u st n o t o n l k no w t h e fo rm b u t b e a l e to w ri te i t
q uic kl y y
H e n ce t h e n ecessi t fo r m uch repeti ti on practi ce i n writin
. g
th e fo rm s
g iv
.

I f, in a ddit io n t o t he w o rd s en i n t he M an ual yo u can a dd

y
,

to k o f o u t l ine s o th er w o rd s w ritte n u nd e r th e sa m e prin

o u r s to c

c i ple s yo u w i ll h av e g ai ne d a g rea t d e al — w ill h a v e l aid a b ro ad e r

fo u nd a tio n fo r ad v a n ce d w o rk w h ic h w ill l e sse n t h e t i m e re q uired

y
t o atta i n e ffi cie n c .

D T MU CH T M R
EV O E I E TO D I N G W E LL WR I TT E N S H O R TH A N D
EA -

By d i g hi y w ill b m e n o t o n l y a fl ue n t rea d e r b ut yo u
.

o n t s ou eco

l g y w i i gv bl U n c o n sc io u s l y yo u w i ll i mi ta te
,

w il l e n ar e o ur rt n o ca u ar y

i y y x
.

n w w k h
o ur o n or t e ea s e ec u t io n Of th e fo rm s sh o w n in th e
A ll x p w i
.

p i d pl
r n te a te s ; e e rt r te rs h av e d e v o ted m uc h t im e t o read

i ng s h o rth a n d

gl y
.

In ad d itio n t o t h e w o rk o ut l in e d in t h is M an ual we s tro n

g iv
,

reco m m e n d t he u se of t he e xe rc ises en e ac h m o n t h in t h e
L e arn e rs
’
D e part m e n t of the G reg g W ri ter T h es e e x e rcise s ca n
g
va n tage fro m t he v ery fi rst
.

be u se d w ith reat ad l esso n E ach

n u m be r co n tai n s m an y h e l pfu l s u gg e st io n s a n d a nu m b e r o f sh o rt
.

h an d pag es t h at a ffo rd v a l uab l e e x e rc ises i n rea din g an d w rit in g

,

fo r s t u d e n t s a t all stag e s o f a d va ncem e n t .

D O N T G E T D I SCOU RA G E D — T h e c o m pl et e m as tery o f Sh ort han d

’

a n d t y pe w ri t i n g i s w o rth y o f y o u r b e s t e ffo rts an d if y o u d e v o te

.

y o urse l f e arnestly t o that w o rk t h ere can b e n o s uch thin g as fail ure

,

.
 T h e A lph ab et of G reg g Sh orth and

CO N S O N A NTS
W ritten fo rward
K G R L N M T D TH
/
W ritten d ownward
P SH

or

NK

(A d o "
)

V OW ELS

A -g roup O - g rou p

a as in ta t 0 Short 0
'

as in hot 0
ca lm 0 M edium aw
‘

audzt
’

came 0 L ong (5 ode a

"

E -
g rou p

Short 2 as in

M edium é

L ong (5

D I P H T H ONGS
Com pos ed Composed
of
“

oi

e- ao as in unit J ’ oi a w -é
’
ow owl a z d -é
2 G R EGG SH O RT H A N D
V O WE L S

3 . by s o u n d th ere are t w elv e d is t in c t V owe l s

I n w ri t i n g ,

w h ic h a re arran g e d i n f o u r g ro u ps an d th ree c l o sel y ,

re l a t e d s o u n d s are pl ace d i n e ac h g ro u p I n th is l esso n .

w e h av e th e fi rs t tw o g ro u ps w h ic h fo r co n v e n ie n ce are
n am ed th e
“
A ” g ro u p a n d th e
,

“
E
” g ro u p .

4 . T he s hort s o u n d o f a, as h eard i n cat, ran , is ex

press ed by th e l arg e ci rc e ; th e l m edi u m so u n d, as h eard

in calm , a rk , is e xp re ss ed by th e l arg e ci rc e l w i th a do t
b e n ea th t h e ci rc e ; th e l lon g s o u n d , as h eard i n ate m ay , ,

is e xp re s se d by t h e l arg e c i rc e l w i th a d as h b e n e ath t h e
c irc e l
—§
.

a O as in m at m at z

a O as in ca lm k a m {9

as in g at e g 51 t q I

5 T h e short s o u n d o f i as h eard in di n rid (n o t th e

. , ,

lo n g so un d o f i h eard i n d i ne rid e) i s e press ed by th e

, , , x
sma ll l
c irc e ; th e s o u n d o f e as h e ard i n g et n et, i s ex , ,

presse d by th e sm a ll c irc e l w i th a d ot b e n eath th e circl e ;

the lon g s o un d O f e, as h eard i n m e , eat i s e x pressed by
,

t he sm a ll ci rc e l w i th a d as h b e n ea th th e circ l e .

as in k n it n i t J

as in net

as in meat n e t
I

NO TE Th d t a d : e o n d ash are u seful to i nd i cate th e e xac t v ow e l so u n d s in

u n fa m i l i r r i i l at d
a o n so e w o rd s . b ut o th erw se i th e y l
are se d o m us e d .
 F I R S T L E S SO N 3

RUL E S FOR J O ININ G C IRC L E S

6 . T he l
c i rc e is w ri tt e n on th e i ns id e of cu rves , an d o n

th e ou ts id e o f a ngles .

I n si de Cu rves

e ra

aI ,
Q/ ta ke t a k f
Ou tsi de A n g les

tea m t6 m rai l r5 1

m ee t m6t g ai n ga n

7 . B efo re or a ft er t
s raig ht li n es , or b e t w een tw o
s raig
t h t l in es ru n n in g i n t h e sam e d ire c t io n th e circl e ,

is w ri tt e n f o rw ard as th e h an d s o f a c l o c k m o v e
— .

After

m C

h at J d ay (15 .

B etween

m ean m En —
<r d e ed d d

8 . B e tw een tw o re v e rs e c u r es v t h e ci rc e l is t urned on

th e b ack o f th e fi rs t cu r ev .

k ill ki l M g ea r g e r

w rec k re k l a ke 1a k
4 G R EGG SHO RT H A N D

ME T HO D OF PR A C T I C E
9 ll l
T h e f o ow ing i st O f w o rd s s h o u d n o w be co pie d
. l .

In , l
d o m g th is part ic u ar att e n t io n m us t b e paid to t h e
s ou n ds o f eac h w o rd . I f the s ud e n
t t wi ll re pe a t th e

s o und s as h e w rit es th e w o rd , it w i ll h el p to im press

the f o rm s upo n h is m em o ry an d at th e sam e t im e
fam il iariz e h im w i th th e pro cess o f n o t e—
takin g .

G E N E R A L E X E RCI SE

t ak t

t ra A ?

i n
t ra

'

t rea t t re t

a c re

a cm e a k m e

n é k
J

f
,

k ak d ee m d é m

a r k r i m

re d

k i t a r i d

h i t r an i
 F I R S T L E SSO N

e dd y ill

c am e

c ree d k re d

c re a m k re m t ic kl e
m e rr y m eri t ic ket

l am b

read y
m aim

a re n a a re n a s Q/ 9 —
c7

n a rra te n a ra t

m a rin e m a r é n

l in e n h at re d h at r ed

d ra m a d ra m a c a m e ra k
t y ran n y t
V

1 ra n 1

e ti q ue t t e ~
é t i k et
6 G R EGG SHO RT H A N D

SI MP L E W O RD -
SI G N S

1 0A l
. arg e pro po rt io n of all w ritt e n an d s po k e n

l l
“

an g u ag e is m ad e up O f a few s im p e w o rd s . Fo r s uc h
w o rd s b rie f f o rm s call ed w o rd s ig n s are pro v id ed
-
. T h ose
gi v en h e re s h o u l d b e m em o riz ed i m m ed iate l y

c an in, not

go, g oo d am , m o re

are , o u r a, an (d o t )

well w ill
,
w o ul d t he (t h )

P H R A SE WRI T I N G
-

11 . j o in in g o f s im pl e w o rd s is a g reat h el p to s peed
T he
in w rit in g s h o rth an d b u t it is a d iffi c u l t art to a cq u ire
,

if i ts acq u ire m en t b e d e f erred u n t i l t h e h ab i t h as b een

f o rm ed of w ri t in g co m m o n w o rd s separat e l y T h e s tu .

d e n t S h o u l d th ere f o re prac t ice i t d il ig en t l y f ro m th e

, ,

v ery b eg in n in g O f h is s t u d y Fo r such pract ice the .

s im pl e ph ras es h e re g iv e n w ill s e rv e as m o d e l s :

i n t he Iw ou ld it w ill no t M

I c an I c a n no t p

I w ill Q/ at t h e in o ur

w o ul d not it w ill can t h e

 F I R S T L ESSO N 7

P U NC T U AT I O N , E TC .

12 . T he p eri od is
“

e xp e
r ss ed by t h e e nd o f a
p a ra
g rap h by th e das h b ys ,t h e hyp hen by 4 (tw o s h o rt

d ash e s s t ru c k u pw ard ) a n d th e i n terrog ati on b y "

,
s

C api t al s and pro pe r n am e s m ay be i n d icat ed by tw o

“

s h o rt d as h e s u n d e r t h e o u t l in e T h e pare n th es es m ay b e
.

e x pre sse d by th e o rd i n ary m ark s w i th s h o rt d as h es

th ro ug h th e m O th e r pu n c t u at io n m ark s are
w ritt e n i n th e u s u al w ay .

R E A D IN G E X E RCI SE

W RI T I N G E X E RCI SE

Ell e n T e rry read t he d ram a w ell .

H el e n K ell e r can read in l th e d ark

T he rain w ill m ak e t he d ay d reary
.

T h e e n em y m ay m ak e a n at tac k i n t h e rear
.

T h e L eag ue t ea m w ill m ee t a t th e A re n a
.

-
.
 S E C O N D LE SS O N

T H E D O W N W A RD CH A RA C T E R S
13 . T he c h arac t e rs fo r th e co n so n an s t i n th is l esso n

are d e ri v ed f ro m an o th er e ll ipt ical fi g u re ; th u s

CH ]

NO T E S All i
t h ese charac te rs are w r tte n d o w nw ard s C H i s pro n o u n ce d ch ay,

k
:

SH i ll SH i
.

n o t s ee- ai tch ; a n d s ca ed i sh n o t as- ai tch s a m ere t c i

ll gm m il l b l l
.
, .

T h e fo ow ni e o ry a id s w e h e pfu :

14 . In th e r v e rt ical i n c l i n a t i o n
t h e w ri t in g o f F , V , a ra

i s d esirab l e i n o rd e r th at th e c u rv e m ay j o in easil y w i t h
o th e r c h arac t e rs I n f o rm in g t h e co m b i n at io n s fr fl
.
, ,

i t i s n ot n e ce ssary to m ak e an an g l e T h e m o t io n i s .

j us t th e s am e as i n w ri t in g a part o f Yin l o n g h an d ; th us

v ai n v a 11 fram e f r 5 m

A
fa] 9
/ fl ash f l a sh q
0
1 G R EGG SH O RT H A N D

G E N E R A L E X E RC I S E

appea l ap S l
fi sh

C h 5
1p

b 6 k
ch ee k ch e k , A b ak

b ea m b m 6

pee p b a lm b am
j ap C hai n Ch 5 n

k a b sh ak

peach p 6 ch sham e sh 1 m
{

preach p r 6 ch b d rea b re d

b id g
r e b r i j
sha ve sh a v

pa l ,
é/ fra y
s h e rry sh e r i S"
 S E C O N D L E SSO N 11

l ed ge ar a
'

l)

t fl ed g e

b i
‘

é f pa g e

ch i 11 va g ue

ra ve
g ra ve na vy
s h ad e

Sh a ggy
b dga e

b i ra n a b at e

v ah d

J a va
c rash lr r ii sh
pa ris h

t ra s h t r ii sh

fl in c h
b ra ve b ‘

x av
‘

b ee t e l
h uc h l l i ch
12 G R E G G SHO RT H A N D
W O RD -
SI G N S A ND P H R A SE S
le t , lett er

be , b ut , by
b ee n , b o u nd m ark e t , Mr .

b e fo re , b h lf e a

b e li f b li v
e , e e e repres e n t

te a ch

fo rm , fro m c h ec k
fo r t he

c ha n g e, w h ic h I h av e

sha ll ,
S h ip Ih a ve no t

a b out i n w h ic h
\
1

I s h all
o
\

e ve r y-
I s ha ll no t

I sh a ll have

n am e fro m th e

w o ul d b e

in re p ly

p l ease p l ea se s hip

NO T E : T he ru el g iv
en i n P ar 1 7 app
. li es to ph rase s .
 S E C O N D L E SSO N

R E A D IN G E X E RCI S E

e k e/ a .

W RI T IN G E X E RC I SE
T h e ma id w i ll b e -
a t - th e m ark e t e v e ry d ay
b y w il l h h F h
.

Ph oe e C ar t eac er re nc

dy f h g m
.

T h e t ea m w ill b - h m
e rea o r- t e atc a e

y m b k f m he y f h hd
.

H enr ca e ac ro -
t n av a te r e a ac h ie ve d fam e
g i h k i h w ill b k g d b d
.

Th e ran e n- t e tc e n a e oo rea

J dy i b
.

en ni e w ill h v
-
h m l
a e t e ea h re a n a o ut a n o ur .

P l ease pay fo r- th e t ic k et i n cash fo r I -

ca n - n o t k
t a e a ch ec k .
 T H I R D LE SS O N

THE O H OO K
-

19 . T he l ow er part of th e el l ipti l fi g ca u re 6b , (call ed

th e o- hook ) h o rt so u n d O f o as h eard i n
repre s e n ts th e s ,

hot, top; th e h oo k w i th a d o t b e n eath i t e x press es th e

s o u n d O f aw , as i n awe law ; t h e h oo k w i th a s h o rt d ash
,

b en eath it e xp re ss e s t h e l o n g s o u n d o f o , as in owe , n o .

as in ro t

aw U as in raw r aw

as in w ro te rO t

G E N E RA L E X E RCI S E

Sh aw s h aw

ou gh t aw t s h aw l s h aw I
tau gh t t aw t sh ow

O dd s h oa l sh O l
n 6 d

M aud In a w d

m od e m o d foa m fo m
 THI RD L E SSO N 15

paw p aw

pa w n

c o ac h / 7

d od g e

bl ow b lO lo dg e

b o tch b O Ch

ho bby h Ob i b ro a d b r aw d

fra u d f r aw d dou h g
w ro u h t g r aw t

II a ur l

ch o p

ro g ue

pi ll o w
sha ll o w
e l bow a rro w

ro pe

pol o

b o re
16 G RE GG SH O RT H A N D

2 0T h
. e O h OO k is p aced
-
l on i ts s id e be f o re N M
, , R , L,
e x ce p t w h e n prece d e d by a d o w n w ard c h arac t er , as

in bore bon e , , p ole ,foa m J , ohn .

h aw l

aw r dom e d Om f

m oan m 6 n N ome n O 111

G E N E RA L E X ER CI SE
no r n aw r hom e h 6 m

aw r b fl ow n f l O n

ow n k no ll n 6 1

who le h 6 l d raw n d r aw n

h o ll o w h 6 l O bl ow n bl O n

'

aro m a a rO m a to ne t 6 11

c o re aton e a t 6 11

k n ow n 11 O n d oor (1 O r

roa m rO m ad o re a d O r

co m b k 6 m l
a on e a l6 n

In 6 l
O m i t d aw n d aw n
18 G REG G SH O RT H A N D
R E A DING E X E RC I S E

WRI T I N G E X E RCI SE
1 T h e team w ill h au l th e h ea v yl o ad o f c oal
J dg g l e tte r fro m th e pub l ic
. .

2 . u e L od e w o ul d -
not k ee p the -
.

3 .H e w ill pay for th e lot i f

- -
Mr C o ne w ill t ak e a c h ec k d raw n
.

in -o u r fav or
-

v e ry w el l fo ll o w t h e fo rm g ive n i n—t h e l e tter

.

4 I -
c an - n o t

Af ball game L aura c am e h o m e in the l au nch

. .

5 te r t h e -

g
. .

6 . T he oo d s hi p J an
e d as h e d on a rack , b ut a ll t h e
‘

pe o p le
rea ch e d th e s h o re .
 F OU R TH LE SS O N

T H E O O H O OK -

21 . T he u ppe r par t of th e -
sm a ll ll ipti l
e ca fi g u re fi n.

(ca ll ed th e oo- hook ) re pre se n s , t th e s h o rt so u n d of u

h eard in hu m d u m b (n o t th e l o n g i t h eard i n u se w h ic h
, ,

w i ll b e g iv e n l at e r) ; t h e h oo k w i th a d o t b e n eat h i t
ex pre ss e s t h e so u n d o f 0 0as i n took foot ; th e h oo k w it h
, ,

a s h o rt d as h b e n e ath i t e x pre sses th e l o n g 0 0 as in ,

doom boom , .

11 as in tuc k
as in to o k t 66 k
as in to m b t 00m

G E NE RA L E X E RCI S E
d oo m d 00m

sh o ve Sh ii v
sh 11 t

sho o t s h (i ) t

sh o o k sh 66 k
2 0 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

f OO t 2/ up

7
h u sh h u sh 7 j ug

g ush g u sh

h o ne y h 7
11 n i
.

d uc k d 1
1 k
ho od h 66 d f OT) I

hoo k h 66 k to o t

d o ve d if v o ve n 11 v n

tou h g t if f

rudd y r ad i

whom h 00m c h uc kl e c h 11 k 1

h ud d l e h 11 d l b oo m b 00m
tat t oo t at 00 l uc k y I 11 k i

22 . T h e OO -
h oo k is a lw a ys p l ace d on i ts s id e aft r
e

N or M; i t is a sol p l ace d on i ts S id e after K o r G w hen

f ll w d by R
o o e or L .

nun n u n m ug m u g
 FOU R T H L ESSO N 21

R E VI E W E X E RCI S E O N B O T H H OOKS

h 6 t l oa m l O m

100m

ho m e h 6 m

hum h 11 m

m o an m 6 n b one b O n

moon m 00n b oo n b 00 n

m od e m 6 d c o ac h k 6 ch

m ood m 00d

dome d Om

d oo m d 00m

W A ND Y
23 . Wh en f o ll o w ed by a v ow e l W , h as th e
'

s o u nd of

0
0 as
, OO a t —-
wa i t
-
. W is th e re f o re e xp re sse d by th e
OO- hOOk .

W aw l k /

w eav e W e V w oe

w a t w oo l w l
f oo b

24 . I n th e bod y of a
w o rd i t is g ene ra y m o re c o n ll
v e n ie n t x
to e pre s s l
w by a h o riz o nt a d as h u nd e r th e
22 G R EG G SH ORT H A N D

v ow e l , b ut th is d as h m ay O ft e n b e omi tt ed .

t w ig t w i g e q u ity é k w i t i f
—
f

t w i n E d we ll d w é l / L ’
4

q uic k k w i k h ead w a y h ed w a
25 . I n w o rd Sb eg in n in g w i th a - h o r a- w , f o ll o w ed by
a v ow e l , a is e xp re ss e d b v ad o t p l ace d o n t h e li n e c o se l
to t h e n e xt c h arac t e r .

ah ead a h ed aw a ke a w a k 9
A

awa y a w a
g ah e m a h em F
“

26 . Wh is pro n o u n ced hw , as h w - -
e -
l — wheel h e n ce ,

th e d o t fo r h S h o u l d b e w ritt e n fi rs t .

w h it hw i t 2
7 w h ac k hw a k

W hi g hw
V

1 g h w him hw i m P

27 . Yi s e q u ival e n t to e, as e -O - r
—
yore, an d is
th e re fo re re pre s e n e d t by t h es m a ll c irc e l .

y ac h t y0 V

y aw n y w a n y aw l y aw 1 Q/
NO TE : W h e n th e co m bi i
n at o n yo o r yaw prece d es R or L . th e h oo k i s n o t p aced l
on i ts sid e.

28 At th e b e g in n i n g Of a w o rd yi o r ye is e x presse d
by a sm a ll l oo p, an d ya by a l arg e l oo p . Wh en n e ce s
 FOU R T H L E SSO N 23

s ar y to d e n o te t he e x ac t s h ad e o f v ow e l sou n d , th e dot
or d as h i s p l ace d b e n ea th th e l oop
.

yea y e ll o w
y ea r ye r

G E N E R A L E X E RCI S E

ac q u it ak w i t

wa ve w a v k w a l
w ad e w ad B ro a d wa v I) raw dwa

wa ke w a k ro ad w av r6 d w a

wa g e w aj aw a i t a w at

w eed w e (I aw o ke a w 6 k
w id o w w i d O w he el hw e l
w ee p w ep w h ea t hw e t 9
7

w alk w aw k

w as h w 6 sh 3
’
hw i f j
w atc h w 6 ch 7
w ove w O v Y a rro w ya r O
24 G REG G SH O R T H A N D

W O RD -
SI G N S A ND P H R A SE S

a b o ve of y o ur

b ec o m e , b oo k t o yo u

cou ld d o yo u

yo u h a ve

yo u h a ve n ot

w e ha ve
m ove w e hav e not

m uc h yo u c an n o t

sh o u ld we can n ot

s u re - ly w e w ill

u po n fro m yo u

y l
o u r e tt e r

w orl d i f yo u h av e

if yo u w ill

yo u , y o ur if yo u c an

Wi s o m i tt e d in th e f o ll o w in g w o rd s

w ee k wh e n

w e re

wh ere wo n -
on e
 F I F TH LE SSO N

S A ND TH

29 . F ro m t h e sm all ll ipt i l fi g g iv
e ca u re en in th e l as t
l esso n tw o sm ll v a bt icu r e s a re O a n ed w h ic h a re

w ri tt e n d o w n w ar d ts xp o th v y
e re ss e er co m m o n l e tt e r
S , an d u pw ard s t
o exp T h re s s .

d ow n

TE
NO : It is v e ry imp o rtan t to k ee p s te ad ily in m i nd t h at t h e c ur es fo r v S
ar w ri tt
e en d ow n w ards w h il e t h ose fo r TH i
are w r t te n u pward s an d a t a g re ate r

i n l i nat i ll i ng i lm
,

c on T h e fo ow s a u sefu e m o ry a id
K
.

RUL E S F OR J OINING 8 A ND TH

3 0W h
. en S is j o in e d t o a c u r e , th e v S is w ritt e n i n
th e s am e d irec t io n as t h e c u r e to v w h ic h i t i s j o in e d ,

th u s s ec u ri n g a u n i orm f m ovem en t . A l vwl

c irc e o e

o cc u rrin g at th e j o in in g d o es n o t a f ec f t th e a ppl i t i ca on

of th is l
ru e .

s pra y C; ma kes

c ase f
?
7
(5 S k at e S ayl (j

sp h e re L S ic k sa e s l é / r

NO TE W hen 8 prece d e s a d o w n s t ro k th e b a se o f t h e d ow n strok e re st s o n t h e

li
: e,
ne .

26
 F I F T H L ESSO N 27

31 . Wh en S is j o in e d to T , D , N M , , th e S is u sed

w h ic h fo rm s h arp an g l e
a s . A l v wl
c i rc e o e o cc u rri n g a t

th e j o in in g d o es n o t a ff ec t th e a ppl i ti ca on of th is l
ru e .

s ta y W O dd s s m ac k W

s am e
b
a

n e ts f f s no w

s ee n k nees
32 . Wh en S is j o in ed to Sh , Ch , J , th e S is u sed w h ic h
is w ri tt e n
“
co m m a S .
” w i th th e c l o c k w is e m o v e m e t
n — ca ll ed th e

)
sash 9 C h e ss

33 . I n w o rd s co n s is t in g o f S o r T h , or b o th , an d a

ci rcle v ow e l , S or Th s h o u l d b e w ri tt e n w i th th e c o ck l
w is e m o v em en t .

Ci rcle an d 3 Ci rcle and Th Com bi n a ti on s

9 h ea t h i
f
th e se 0
ha th
f

a) b s ee s

e s sa y 0
9

34 . T he l
c o c k w is e v
T h is g i e n t h e pre f e re n c e , but
w h en j o in e d to O R
, , L th e o th e r f o rm is u sed
, .

t h ic k f
f
“

th o u h g m o th

them e th ro w e arth u

l
a th e t e h eal th L /
28 G R EG G SH O RT H A N D

35 . In w o rd s b eg in n i n g w i th s o, th e co m m a S
is u se d .

s o rro w

36 . T he co m b in a t io n us is w ri tt e n w i th o u t an ang e l
at t he b e g in n in g of w o rd s , or w h e n it f o ll ow s a d ow n
s ro k e o r
t K G , .

g rac io u s

v icio u s

37 . Z ist by t h e S ig n fo r S b u t an O b l iq ue
re prese n e d ,

d as h m ark s t h e d is t in c t io n i n iso l at ed w o rd s I f mece s .

s ary th e T h h e ard i n breathe m ay b e d is t i n gu is h e d f ro m

,

th e so u n d h e ard in breath i n t h e s am e m an n e r .

f
? fa ce 9
) b rea t h

g z
a e pha s e 9 3 b reat h e

NO TE T he so und o f z h , h eard i n g m ay b e d i ti g i
u sh e d

bl iq k
: az u re. ro ug e, g ara e, s n

fro m sh b y t he o ue d as h b u t t h i s is n ecessary o nl y w h e re i t i s d e s ir de to m ar
ig
.

i
t h e prec se so u n d s o f fo re n w o rd s .

38 T h e
. l e tt e r X m av b e e xp resse d a t th e e n d , o r in
th e b o d y o f w o rd s (b u t , not at th e b e g in n in g ) by a ,

s l ig h t m o d i fi c a t io n O f t h e cur e v fo r S , a s s h o w n i n th e

f o ll o w in g e x am pl e s :
coa x
 F I FT H L E SSO N 29

39 . T he so un d of Ng , h e ard i n lon g , is e xp res se d by

l l
N wri tt e n in a s ig h t y d o w n w ard d irec t io n ; an d N k
h
(w ci h i s s o u n d ed n g k as ra n g k— ra n k) by a o n g e r S ig n
,
-
l .

ran g g kin g
”
C
1

ran k Q k in k k

SI M PLE PR E F I X E S A ND SUFF IX ES

4 0T h
. e pre fix e s con , com , co u n xp
are e re ss e d by K ,

an d t h e v ow e l tt ed i n t he pre
is omi fix e s en , in ,
un, em ,

i m w h en t h e pre fi x i s f o ll o w e d by a co n so nan t . T he
pre fi x ex is ex pre ss ed by es .

/
c o nd o e l / T

i n fa n c y i m press
z
f

co n v ey en vy e x to l 3 <
) /
co m pa s s
a
em b o ss e x pl o d e C
Z
41 . T he fi x i ng o r thi n g is ex pressed by a d o t
su f

pl ace d b e n e a th o r c l o se to t h e prec e d in g l e tt er; i n g s is

e x press e d by S i n t h e s a m e pl ac e t h e S b e i n g w ri tt e n ,

c o n t rary to th e h an d s— O f a c l oc k m o v e m e n t - -
.

Sin gi g n an y hi g —
t n o .

d o in g ” 5 5
.
sa yi g 0
n s 3

rin gi gn rea di g n s
3 0 G R EG G SHO RT H A N D
42 . T he suf fix ly is e xp re ss e d by th e s m al l l
c irc e , a n d

i ly,
a lly by a l oo p .

on ly ca l ml y pre tti ly
read i ly t o ta ll y

43 . T he suf fix ti on , s i on (s hu n ) x
is e presse d by SH .

n at io n s e ss io n ) ac t io n
7

o ra t io n m o t io n fa shio n

G E N E R A L E X E RC I S E

g uess

s ee m c h as e t h ro a t

sa ve l
s e e py

se re n e b h
oot

l
so e m n g g
an

s c ra tc h s t ra y
d e at h

s w e ar

s co re s m ash

y
h m ns s m i th

fas te n ) sw i m
Q
NO TE :
’
W h e n s w is fo ll ow ed by T , D N
. , or M . th e w is e xpr e sse d by t h e h oo k .
 F I F T H L E S SO N

t race
l o ath

t e rrace t h rea t

t h ro n e pre face

Sh o w s

h us k y w ro n g con d o n e

com p e l x

h us t l e con c a ve

a u d ac i o u s
com b at

l
z ea o u s z e ro cou n t y
en ric h
e ffac e

e t h ics
i n fa m o u s

s uf fix
sa b re e l ix i r l
re ati o n

s a uc y l
a pp a u s e ex pre s s i o n

e ssa y s
i n v asi on

s e d at e s hi ppi n g

fee l i n g s

s as h e s t h ic k ly

stor y so b er b ru tally

s parro w c raft i ly
32 G RE G G SHO RT H A N D

W oR D S I G-
NS A ND P H R A SE S

t ha n , th e n

b u s in ess

c a u se , b e ca u se t h e ir, t h e re

c o urs e th e m

d e s ire

l
e se , l ist t h in g , t h in k
i n c l o se

i n s ta n th o se

wa s

is t he

m ust is t h is

ne xt
I

o th er t h e re is

rece i ve t h is is

som e in th ese

s oo n fo r t ha t

s pe a k , s pee c h

s ta t e

in s uc h
 S IX TH LE SSO N

D IP H T H O NG S

44 . A pu re d iph th o n g is t h e u n io n in o ne s y ll a b l e of

tw o s im p e l v
ow e s u tt e red i n l rapid s u cce ssio n . T he
d iph th o n g s are th ere f o re e xp re ss ed by j o in ing th e c irc l e s
an d
“

h oo k s re pre s e n t i n g th e vo w e ls o f w h ich th e y are

c o m po s e d .

as in fu m e f li m 2 .

ow f as in now n ow —
6
’

oi J as in o il oi l U

0
(9 as in d ie d i /
NO TE
T h e d ph t ho n i
is a co m n a” g
t o n o f E and bi
ow of a i an d 0
0 oi .
ig l g i l ;
:
i g i i i
,

o f aw a n d E T h e s n fo r t h e d p h t h o n i i s a ar e c rc e w t h a n n d e n ta t o n
bl i g bi i i i i
.

c
rese m
il
ir l
c e .
n a com
l
y e d a so un d a m o s t e u a e n t t o i q
n a t o n o f a an d E w h c h
iv l
if u tte red i n ra p d
T
h s s n fo r i i s ene ral
. i ig
,

cal e d
.

g ly l the b k
s uccess o n .
ro en

G E N E R A L E X E RC I S E

fi ne fi n

cow m ute m (I t

b gh
ou b ow

an n o v a n oi H oy le h oi 1
 S I X T H L ESSO N 0U
l

uni q ue C
l

5
l

b
( W

o u nc e ow n s h u m id h (1 m i d

sc o u t s k ow t

y o u th fl t h

th ow v ow v ow

m i n p ri s

rh y m e r i m

g u id e g i d

al 01 co m p ly co m p l i

C hi m e Ch i m i n \ i te in v i t

a j oi n en j oi

i m pu g n im p u n

m o u th m ow th e x ud e ex (1 d

n oi s e n oi s g y
m i h t il m i t i lv 4

N0
1
’

TES : (a) T h e ru l gv
es o e rni n g t he j i i g
o n n of the i l
c rc e s a pp ly t o t h e d i ph ~

g2 l gl
_

th o n . I n t h e i w o rd s N i le tile fo r , , i n s tan ce . the S ig n is p ace d o ut s id e th e an e,

as is d o n e i n na i l , tale .

b
( ) In so m e w o rd s it w i ll be fo u n d u n n ecessar y i
t o w r te t h e li ne g
t h ro u h
l g
t h e ar e i
c rc el to e xpr e ss i
t h e d ph t h o n g For e xa m pl e, i t is fi i
s u f c e n t to i
w r t e m at
mi g h t)
.

fo r mi g hl it m at (
as
“
be an d m a fo r m y as
“
in m a (m y) i i
op n on, e tc

l
, . , .

O t h er c o m m o n e a m p x es are : life , qui te li vely

, .
36 G R EG G SH O RTH AN D ~

V OWE L C O M BI N A T I O N S
45 . Co n sec u t i v v e ow e s l w h ic h d o not fo rm
d iphth o n g are j o in ed i n th eir n at u ra l o rd e r .

Leo 6 l i 6

Ow en o e n
4
ca m eo lc a m e o

N oah n Oa
7
/ s now y s n Oi

NO TE W h en l g0 fo ll owe d by a sm a ll i l i n O wen , (6 ti ) th e
k
: on is c rc e , as n

ll y l d b
,

d ash i s u sua p ace e n e at h the h oo .

46 . A ny v ow e l f ll w i
o o ng th e d iph th o n g i is e xp re ss e d

by th e s m a ll c irc e l with i n th e l arg e c i rc e l .

J l i fi n

H i t a" s c ie n ce s i e n s Ca l f
—
d ia l d i a l fl /
i O t a

NO TE : Wh en io b gi
e ns a w o rd i t i s w r tte n i (as i n i ota g iv en a b o v
e ) w i th th e
i l gh bl
,

s am e m o v e m e n t as o n on an d , wh i ch i t re se m es in a ppearan c e .

47 . Wh e re y s h o rt i f o ll ow ed by a as in
n ece ss ar ,

mani a is ex pre ssed by th e l arg e circ l e w i th a d ot pl aced

,

w ith in i t ; a n d e f o ll ow e d by an y l arg e c irc l e v ow e l

so u n d by th e l arg e c irc l e w i th a da sh w i th i n i t T h es e .

d is t in ctio n s are se l d o m n ecess ary .

O l y m pia
m an ia m an i a O li m pi a Q
Y
j
/
m ed ia l m é d ial a m m o n ia am O n i a a — — fl f
o

c rea te k ré at J L yd i a l i d i
’
a
 SI X T H L E SSO N 37

4 8 T h e re
. are a few w o rd s in w h ic h th e re are n o co n

so n an s t . In h w o rd s th e d o t fo r th e as pira t e o r th e
s uc ,

m ark s dis t in g u is h in g th e v o w e l so u n d s s h o u l d be u sed

, .

ah " O

awe h ue , he w

owe, oh " w oe

W OO

W O RD -
S I GN S A ND PH RA SE S
a ll o w po in t , I fi nd
a ppo i n t

b e hin d g
ri h t , w rite

fi nd 9
) s ide l
p ease w ire

ho w , o ut p l ease w rite
w rite m e

y o ur k in d
l e tte r
on th is s id e a
?j
ne w w ife f I w o uld l i k e f

S P E CI A L B U I
S N E SS P H R A SE S
ly Y o urs v ery ly
"
D ea r Sir Y o urs tru t ru

/ V y t ly y ll y
f

D earMad a m er ru o u rs Y o urs res pect fu V

38 G REG G SH O R T H A N D

R E A DI N G E X E RCI SE

”A A
" ? V

1 Y
.
' .

_ a 4 a

00

WR I T I N G E X E RCI S E

1 J u l ia Marl ow e w ill -
not p l ay O phel ia t h is y ear

By y
. .

2 I i yo u fi n d th at Mr
.
-
o d is . o u t o f-th e c i t , pl ease
-
w ire m e
-

so th at I -can g e t o t h e r h elp fO I yo u

y b g
.

3 P l eas e w rite m e fu ll a s-t o w hat you d o a o ut i n c rea s in

l o t s i n B ut te
.

t h e price o n t h e
B pub l ish t h e b oo k b
.

4 efo re we w e m us t fi n d
-
o ut a o u t t h e s iz e

y
.

of t pe w h ic h yo u -w ish u s t o use
gi y
.

5 . T he c h i m es w i l l rin n t h e n ew ear
.
 SEV E N TH LE S SO N

B LE NDE D C O N SO N A N T S
Wh li b l un t
49
an g e , l
. en

t h e n a t u ra
tw o s ra ig
t
l
ht
t e n d e nc y
nes

of
f o rm
the
an o

h an d
b tu se
is t o
or
“
s url ”
th e an g l e an d a ll ow the li n es to f o rm a c ur e , v th u s :

T he h a rac t e rs h av e b e e n so arran g e d th a t m an y fre

c

q u e n t c o m b in a t io n s f o rm a n o b t u se an g l e a n d th is a n g l e ,

n o t b e i n g O b s e rv e d t h e l i n e s b l e n d na t u rall y i n t h e
,

f o rm o f a c u rv e .

5 0A ll
. f o ll o w in g b l e n d ed co n so n an t s
of th e a re

ten u pw ard s f ro m t h e l in e o f w rit i n g

T EN, DE N as in te no r d e n o te

T E M, D E M as in te m pe r d e m o l is h

E NT , E N D as in pa i n t Q b ond

E MT , E MD as in pro m pt C / d ee m e d

NO T E S (a) A t h
: s e co m bi i
pro no u nce d as s y a es , m n o r o w e s
n at o n s are ll b l i v l
o cc u rri g b tw
n th
e ee n i
e c o n so n an t s are o m tt e d . b u t d ph th o n s a n d s tro n i g gl y
a ccen e t d v w l ar i
o e s e n se rted i
F o r n s tance d ea n d i n e , t e a m , t a m e d om e d i m e ,
ll bl
. , ,
, ,

are wri tte n i n f u T he e n d i s u sed h o w e e r, i n w o rd s e n d n v

i n l a i n a s d et ai n i g
b Al g bl ll bl j
. .
,

( ) th o u h t h e e n d s e n t, e n d , cm l , e m d a re pro no un c e d a s sy a es . u s t as

sh i s d i h
pro n o u n ceh s t e v owe l
p rece d n i g th e bl end is se ld om om i tt ed , e x ce pt a t
b gi i g f w d
,

t he e nn n o a or , as i n e n try e ntai L ,

39
4 0 G RE GG SH O RT H A N D

G E N E R A L E X E RCI S E

te n ets d e tai n tem p e l

te n an t t h re ate n a tte m pt

t e nac io u s (a ) t e n d e nc y d e m ur

d e n se at te n d anc e w is d o m

con d e n s e t i m id x

con d e n sati on fre ed o m

con t i n e n t k in g d o m pl e n t y
con d e m n m o an e d

i n te n ti on (5 ) d aw n e d

ex te n si on ph a nto m fas te ne d

con te n ti on aut u m n

swee te n s an c t u m

late n t (b ) b ran d s t ea m e d

m u tin y
ste n c i l
m u tto n O J/ I n dia n

o b tain g ain ed add e n d a (b )

NO T ES : ( ) T h e ru
a l giv
e en i n P ara g raph
‘

1 6 app li es to th e c rc i l b w
e et een

th e bl e n d ed c o n so n an t s a n d s t ra i gh t l i
n e s as
‘

i n t h e w ord tenaci ous

(b ) ibl bl d i
.

W h ere i t i s poss e to u se e i th er ten , d en , o r ent. en d , th e ten . den en s

giv en th e pre fere n ce .

42 G REG G SH O R T H A N D

52 . y ll ab l es m en m em are e x pres sed by l en g th e n

T he s ,

i n g m th a t is by j o in i n g m an d n ; ted d ed d et b y a
, , , , ,

l o n g s t ro ke u pw ard s e q ual to t and d j o in ed ; ses o r

,

s n s by j o in in g th e t w o s ig n s fo r s ; x es by j o in in g x an d s
, , .

MEN ME M ,
as in m e n ti on m em o r y
as in h e a te d s e a te d

2 as in pa s se s )
c
?

S 2 as in b o x es m ix e s —
5
?

NO TE S : bi i
T h e co m n at o n d et u s ua y occ urs a t t h e e llnn n b gi i g of w o rd s as in
il ll
,

k
d etach d etest w h e d ed ted u sua y o c c u r a t t h e e n d o f w o rd s
ij i
.
, , , ,

x
T h e s tro e i s u sed t o e pre ss ted , d e d afte r s h o rt w o rd s o nly a d s o ne d d as h
b x l i
,

i g
e n v i
m o re co n e n e n t i n m o s t w o rd s a s e p a ne d i n P ar 53 . .

G E N E R A L E X E RCI S E

m an e ffe m i n ate D L —é R o m an

m an y n o m i n ate ro m a n ce

—
x am in e O tt f
F

m e n ac e e o m an f

m in u te m a i n ta i n fa m ine

m o n th m in i m u m h u m an

a m en s tam in a M a n hatta n
ac u m e n w o m en c o m m o n ly

im m e n se o m en d etach

e m a n at e o m in o u s d e tec ti on

m e m o ir re m ain w ai te d
 SE VE N T H L ESSO N 43

m asse s f
?
s u s ta i n
‘

f
t e as e s V

g ue ss e s f
“

? po ss e ss cess atio n
9
K

race s c
f l eases v 4
?
a n ne es x
b as is fe n c es x
ta e s X
NO TE : i
I n ra p d w r t ii n g th e fi rs t s i n s es m ay b e co m e o b sc u re . an d ye t t h e seco n d
5, bi gwi
e n r t te n c o n trar y l
t o t h e ru e fo r w rit i n g a
'

s n i gl e 5, l l i di
c e ar y n c ates th e
l
p ura fo rm l . C o m pare face faces , , cas e , cas es , pass pass es
, .

53 . A t th e e n d of m an y w o rd s ted , (led , an d so m e t im es
ed , m ay b e e xp re ss e d b v t plac e d b e n e a th o r c o se l to th e

pre c e d in g c h arac t e r .

i nv i te d d iv id e d 6? d e m and ed fl prin t ed C a //

54 . Ad v an t ag e m ay be t ak e n o f t h e b l e n d in g prin c ip l e

i n ph rase w ri t i n g ,
th u s : t m e fo r to m e , t d o fo r to d o
- -
.

to m ee t ou gh t to know
to do to m a ke a t auv tim e

to d raw to my w h at t o d o

to m ean to k now i n d ue t im e

W O RD -
SIG N S A ND PH RA SE S
a nd , e nd a ss is t 7 d a te d id
,

a t t e n t io n de fi n it e

a g en t b e t w ee n d e v o te
44 G REGG SH O R T HA N D
d ifi e r gg e -

g 0 i y
s oc e t an d I am

d iffi c ult-y O . at h an d

d ut y t o - m o rro w a ll m y tim e

e n d ure w an t a t t h at t i m e

e x ist -
e n ce w en t fo r t h e tim e

in t im e y o u r a tte n t io n

an d t h ere kin d a tten t io n

sa y y
s, s s te m a n d t h ere is e v ery a t te n t i o n

an d a m my a tte n tio n

RE A DING E XE RCI SE
 S E V E N T H L E SSO N 45

i g /

WRI T I N G E X E RC I SE
1 T he s o c ie t y as ks fo r d iffe re n t w o rk in g co n d it io n s and a m in i
g
.

m um wa e law .

2 . T h e m e m o irs o f- t his fa m o u s m an rea d l ik e a ro m a n ce ; s uc h a

b OO k w ill b e i n s pira t io n me
'

-
an to -

Ad y g b bi gi
.

3 n re w T e m pl e w ill s t ud pri n t i n and oo k n d in n th e

i g l A y
.

e ven n c a ss e s a t t he M a n h at t a n dem
ca .

4 Y o u r l e t ter reac he d m e b u t
-
n o t im e t o m ak e t h e I—
h av e h a d -

d e fi n ite re pl y d e m a nd e d
.
,

re i n b u s in e ss m e a ns t hat yo u are d o i n g s o m e t hi n g
.

5 T h at y o u a c -

fo r w hic h m an k in d is w ill in g t o g iv e yo u r o n e y
.

n
- -

6 \V e can n ot g ran t t h e e x te ns io n o i t i m e yo u w ish a n d if th e

.

- - - - -

m o ne y d oes —
.
,

n o t re ac h u s b y t h e d a te m e n t io n e d w e s h all d raw
- -

o u yo u t h ro ug h o u r b an k
,

7 T h e a ud ito r w ho w as se n t t o e x am in e t h e b o o k s fo r t h e seaso n
.

-
.

h ad t o d e v o te a m o n t h t o t h e w o rk -
.
 EI G H TH LE SS O N

RUL E S FOR E X P R E S SI N G R

55 T h e . l
c irc e o r l oo p i s w ri tt e n w i th a re v e rse mo v e

m e n t to e xp ress R:
(a) B e fo re or a ft e r s raig
t h t l in e s , or b e t w ee n tw o
s t ra ig h t l ines in th e s am e d ire c t io n .

B efore B etween

arm m ar m arm o t

O
h arsh / Sh a re

(b ) B e tw e e n a h o riz o n t al an d an u pw a rd c h arac t e r .

m art l ard g ard e n

(c ) B e tw e e n a d ow n w ard c h arac t e r an d T,D , N M , .

pe rt b arn

e 5
NO TE : A s th e re i s a t e n d e nc yi n ra p i d w i ti g t
r n v
o c ur e a St ra i gh t l i ne w h en it
i s fo ll ow e d by i l
a c rc e , t h e d i ti
s nc t ive m e th o d of j i i g
o n n i l
t h e c rc e w h e n re v erse d

afte r Ch J i ll ust rat e d in chart (co m pa re w i th pert) is a d o pt ed t o p re v e n t an y

i b i l i ty g
, , ,

po ss of m i i
sre ad n .
 EIG HT H L E SSO N 47

(d ) B e t w ee n SH C H, , and L .

ch u rl C ha rl es c h ar atan l

56 . B y c h a n g in g th e f o rm o f t h e re v e rse d c irc l e to a
loop a t th e e n d o f a s t raig h t l i n e t h e l e tt e r S is ad d e d
,
.

d ares m a n n ers s ta rs t ires

read e rs preac h e rs c h e e rs

7
57 . B e fo re s t raig h t li nes S in s er, cer, sa r, a n d T h in
ther, thi r, m ay b e w ri tt e n co n t rary t o the u s u a l m e th o d
o f o in in g
j to e xp
re ss R .

se r mon a s s e rt se r e g sa rd i n e

c o n ce rn c o n ce rt i n s e rt

d esert T he rm o s

G E N E R A L E X E RCI S E

h eart 0/
’
a rm y h a rne ss

heart y A rm e n ia
‘

0— 13

h eartil y ha rm a ? ea rn
48 G REG G SHO RT H A N D

y earn y o s te r g uaran tee

b a rt e r c o u rt e s y
Yarm o u th H ibb ard
h arm o n y T a rta r

Am r ad a te n de r

c as hie r b u rd e n

h e rm it m e rm aid s pare d

h u rt* m u rm u r s h e ph e rd

m u rd er

n ear m a rt y r c hart er

m e re m arte n j o u rn e y
j
s o o urn

a dj o u rn

d o m i n ee r b ill i ard g m er

an g er H i ll iard C h arl o t te

po n iard ham m ers

attire farm ers

c arter so l d iers
g
7
m utter c art rid e 9 s u rn am e

*
I t is g e n e ra ll y m o re fac il e to u se i l
t h e c rc e fo r t h e o b sc ure v ow el sound

h e ard i n ur .
50 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

59 . T he re v e rs in g l
pri n cip e is u s ed e xp re ss L in
f o ll o w in g w o rd s :

ti ll , te ll

sm i e l d e t ai l

f
NOTE : T h e p ural l ‘
of x
th e se w o rd s i s e p re ss e d b y a rev e rse d loop — s ee P ar 56
. .

d ea l s ma il s l
st y e s d e ta il s

WO RD -
SIG N S

c erti fi cate m e rc ha n dis e

W partic u l ar
d e te rm in e territo r y
t ru st

m erc ha n t re fe r-e n ce

R E A D IN G E X E R CI SE

N J
 EIGHTH L E SSO N 51

4
0 z

WRI T I N G E X E RCI SE

as
1 .T h e poe m s o f R o e rt
sh o w n i h th e l i n e
-
“ ’
m an s A
b B
a
u rn s po rtra
m an fo r all t hat
y ”
his l o v e fo r m a n k in d ,

fi ll y fi
.

2 . VV e -
ca n - n o t o ur rs t o rd e r u n t i l w e h av e h e a rd fro m -v o u r
-

re fere n ces

y g l y t o ce rtain
.

3 I n th e
-
n o rth e rn t erri to r t his o r a n iz at io n s e l s o nl
fi l arge b
.

rm s , b ut i n -
t he s o ut h e rn c i ties i t d oes a m ail o rd e r u s in e ss .

4
. . T he fi rm i n -
q ue s tio n d eal s i n hard ware and se ll s l
a ll s ty e s

u rn s , ha m m ers a nd o the r l
t o o s t o- th e farm e rs ia -t h is a nd

rin g c o u n t rie s .
 N IN TH LE SSO N

W O RD -
SI G N S

60T h
. e f o rm s on th is h ou l d b e t ran scrib ed
page s

w i th o u t re f e rrin g to t h e k e y A ft erw ard s th e s t u d en t

.

s h o u l d c o m pare h is t ran s c ript w i th th e k ey an d m ak e,

co rrec t io n s.

R E VI E W E X E RCI SE O N W O RD -
SI G N S
 N I N T H L E SSO N 53

KE Y T oR E VI E W E X E R C I SE O N W O R D — SI G N S
‘

61 T h e s t u d e n t s h o u l d t e s t h is k n o w l e d ge o f th e
.

wo rd s ig n s by w ri t in g th e f o ll o w in g w o rd s in s h o rth an d
-
,

a ft e rw ard s co m pari n g th e f o rm s h e h as w ri tt e n w i th t h o se

g i v e n o n th e o p po s i t e pag e I n d o i n g th is i t is a g oo d .

p l a n t o p l a ce a r in g a r o u n d an y w o rd i n co rre c t l y w ri tt e n ,

an d a ft e r ward s w ri t e s e v e ra l l in es o f th e co rrec t f o rm .

1 a an ab o u t ab o v e afte r a ge n t a ll a ll ow a m m o re an d e n d
.
-
, , , , , , ,
-
,
-
,

a n y, a re - o u r, a sk , a ssis t .

2 a t- it , a tt e n t io n , b e b u t—
b y,
-
b eco m e — oo k ,b b ee n - b d bf
o un e o re

b b b l ief b e l ie v e b by b dy b i
. ,

eha lf ,
e hi n d , e -
,
e tw ee n , e o nd , o ,
u s n es s,

ca ll , c an .

3 ca re , c au s e - b ec a u s e , c e rt i fi c at e , ch a n g e- w h ic h , c h ec k com pa n ; y
k ee p co u l d co urs e d ate d id d e fi n ite d esire d e te rm in e :
.
,

-
, , , , , ,

4 d e v o te d ifl e r e nt e n c e d iffi c u lt y d u t y e l s e l ist e n d u re e v e r y
- - - - -

e x is t e n ce fa ll fo ll o w fa r fav o r fi n d fi rm fi rs t
.
, , , , , , ,

- - -
.
, , , , ,

5 fo r fo rm fro m frie n d — ly fu ll y g av e g e n t l e m e n g iv e n g l ad
- - -

g o g oo d gre at h an d
, , , , ,
.
, , ,

- .
, ,

6 h av e h e h o w o u t I in n o t i n c l o s e i n s ta n t i n s ta n ce is h is
- - - -

j udge , ki nd le t l etter l igh t l ike

.
, , , , , , , ,

-
.
, , ,

7 . l ittl e lo ng l o o k m arke t—
,
Mn M e ssrs m o st m o v e m uc h m u st
, , , , , , , .

8 n am e n ew next o f o ne o rd e r o rg a n iz e o rga n iz at io n o t h e r -

partic u l ar pl ease po i n t appo i n t pu bl ic pu b l is h pu t

.
, , , , , , , ,

- -
.
, , , ,

9 q uestio n re al re gard rec eiv e re fer e n ce re pl y re pre se n t - -

rig h t— sa y s s y s t e m
.
, , , , , ,

w rite s easo n Sh all s hip sh o ul d s id e

“

- -

y
, , , , , ,

s oc ie t ,
so me .

1 0 s oo n , s pea k -
s pe ech , stat e , su ch , s u re —
ly t eac h , t e rri to r y t h an

y g
.
, ,

t h e n , t h at , t h e , t h e ir-t h e re , t h e m , t h e , t h in -
t h in k , t h is , t h o se .

1 1 t im e , t o l d , t o m o rro w , t ru st , -
u nti l u po n , u se , u s ua l -
ly w ish , -

v ery
.
,

,
w an t , w as , w ee k , w e ll w ill , w e n t -
.

12 w e re , w h a t , w h e n , w h e re , w hil e , w h y, w ife , w ire , w o rd , w o rk ,

y
.

wo rl d , w o u l d , ye s , yo u o ur -
.
S4 G R EGG SHO RT H A N D

L I ST OF A D D I T I O NA L W O RD SIG N S
-

62 . Man y th ese w o rd s are w ri tte n in acco rd an ce

of

w i th ru l es g ive n at a l at e r s t ag e o f the s t ud y b u t are ,

pre s e n t ed n o w so th a t th e s t ud e n t m ay b e g in d ic t a t io n
o n co n n ec t ed m a tt e r A s th es e w o rd s are o f f re q u e n t
.

o c c u rre n ce t h e f o rm s s h ou l d b e d il ig e n t l y prac t iced i n

, ,

o rd e r to g ain f ac i l i ty in w ri t in g th e m .

acce pt-an c e

acc o rd
'

ca pita l
acco rdan c e ca r, c o rre c t

ac k no w l ed ge ca rr y
ac q u a i n t a n ce -
ch aracter

ad v a n t ag e c har e g
ad v ert is e l
c ear-ly

g
a re e co ll ect
a lw a ys con s id eré at io n

arra n g e- m e nt co p y
a v o id c o rpo rat io n

c orres po n d -e nc e

co ver
c red it
 N I N T H L E SSO N 55

cu sto m i m po rt

d e l iv e r im pro v e m e n t -

d irec t i n d us t r y
d o ll a r i n fl u e n c e

in su r

d upl ica te in v o ice

d u ri n g ,
Dr
.

e d uc ate m o rt gg a e

e ffec t ne ve r

e it h e r n e w s pa pe r

e no u gh
e x pe rie nc e
fa u l t (see fall) oc ca s io n

fu t ure OC C U P '

iiu on

fi
o f ce

oPfi c ial

O pin io n

f;
‘
pri n c ip
-

i mm ediate ly -
pu bli ca t io n
56 G RE GG SH O RT H AND

q u a l it y s tan d

q ua n tit y s to c k
l
ra i ro ad s t ra n g e

ra i l way s tro n g ,
s t re n gh
t

rece n t su gg e s t- io n

reco rd th a n k
re g re t t h o ro u gh l -
y, t h ree J

re m ar k t h ro u h o utg
re m it- tan c e t ru t h

repo rt t y pe w rit e r

res pe c t - fu l- ly v al ue
re t u rn v ow el
{Y
sat is
fac to ry
w e a th l (see well)

sat isfac t io n

w it h o u t

S ig n ifi c w o n d er

y es te rd a y
sma ll y o un g
58 G RE G G SHO RT H A N D

u .
fl \

WR I T I N G E X E RCI SE

1 . The g o vern m en t w ill in su re th e g oo d s a ain st g l o ss .

2 Y o ur ac ce pta n ce of o ur o rd e r is i n acco rda n c e w ith t he

g y f whi h I g y
.

a rra n e m e n t , a Co p o c a ve to o ur C e r l k
ve rtisin g Co py
.

ad w ill b e an ad

w it h t he In s u ran ce co r o rat io n p
q uantit y Y o ur m o tto
.

. sh o u ld
be No t h o w m uc h b u t ho w w e ll
’

g j b l ig y
.
,

5 T he
. c h ar e of t he ud ge w ill o e th e j ur to c o n s id e r t he

C h arac te r a n d oc c u pat i o n o f
/
the v ic t im ‘

g e d h b k y d y
.

6 T he
. a e n t re po rts th at he co ul d n o t s n t e oo e s t er a

bTt h
I h w ill d l iv
t at i m w wi h f il er t to- o rro t o ut
‘

e e a

yp w i i f g v l i h b i ffi
.

7 Th e t e r te r Is o reat a ue n t e u s n es s o ce n

fi th i i di ffi l d b i
. .

t t swi h cu t to o u s ness t o ut o n e
y h m f hi p pil w i h
.

8 H e sa s t at k h f ll o st o s u s s t o ta e t e u c o urse

i g h g iz i f
.

an d h h i pl t at e s w l
an n n th t e o r an at o n o a ne c ass at e

b gi i g f x m h
e nn n o ne t ont

gg h h i y g
.

9 W . e su k
e st m
t at t e i soc e t arran e to ta e so e ac t o n on

thi ps d h h
re o rt a ni b m d p f h
t at d
s uc ac t o n e a e a art o t e reco r
10P l h k wi h y
.

d . ea s e x d
s en w a c ec t o ur ne t o r er o r e c a n n o t ac

c ord i im m di t i e at e atten t o n

b i i h gh l y i f y
.

’
11 T h p t f hi e re or o t s seas o n s u s n ess s t o ro u sat s ac to r

bj f hi p b l i i i pl b f h p b l i
. .

12 T h e o e ct o t s u c at o n s to ace e o re t e u c

h b ilw y
.

th e t rut h p a h o ut k
t e rec en t re o rt o n t e ra a s t oc .
 TE N T H LE SSO N

CO MP O U ND W O RD S
63 . A n um b er o f co m po u n d s m ay b e O b t ain ed by
j o in i ng sim p e l w o rd -
sig n s , as i ll us ra ed
t t i n th e s ec on d
l e ss o n by t h e w o rd b e f o re T he f o ll o w ing w o rd s a re

f o rm ed on the s am e pri n c ip l e

e ve r y -

t h e re

w h e re Q7
y
s oe v er

so m e

NO TE : S l i gh t m od ifi i i i
cat o n s o r o m s s o n s are m ad e i n t h e fo rm s fo r a n yw h ere,
a nyhow , here i nafter h erew i th however, s o m eti m e , an d s o m ew here. Th e se s ho u ld
i l
, ,

rece iv e Spec a atten t o n i . T h e fo rm for n otwi thsta nd i ng i s n ot- w i th-s .

59
6 0 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

MI S C E L L A N E O U S CO MP O U ND S
no b dyo ne v e rth el e ss o th e rw ise

m e a n w h il e —
CD s ta n d po i n t
5
fl
,

th n g
a k s iv i n g

KE Y T O CO MP O U ND WO RD S
an y: yb d y y
an o ,
an o ne , an ywh yh w
e re , an o .

be bf bf h
e o re , e o re an d , b h i dh d b l g b
e n an , e on , es id e .

ever- y: w h ate v e r, w h e n e ve r, w h ic h e v er, h o w e ve r, w h oe v e r, Ev e r y

b dyo ,
e v e ryo ne ,
e ve ry w h ere .

here: h e reafte r, h e re in , h e re inafte r, he re in b e fo re , h e reo n , h e re to ,

h e re t ofo re , h e re u nt o , h e re w ith .

there: t h e reafte r, t h e re i n , t h e re fo re , t h e re fro m , t h e reo n , t he re t o ,

t he re upo n , t h e re w it h .

w here: w h e rea b o uts , w h e reas , w h e re ver , w h e re fo re ,

‘

w h e re i n ,
w he reof, w h ereo n , l
e se w h e re
'

soeve r:
-
w hat soe v er ,
w h e reso e ver ,
w h e n s oe ve r , w h o soe v e r, w h o m s o
e ver .

som e: som e b dy o , so m e h o w , so m e o n e , so m e t im e , so m e w hat , so m e

w h ere .

w i th : w it hi n , w ith s t an d , fo rt h w it h , n o t w it h s ta n d in g .

D E R IV A T IV E S , E TC .

64 . A fte r abb re viat ed w o rd s a nd w o rd s en d in g i n a

re v e rs e d c i rc e , l a s h o rt d as h s ru c k
t u pw ard is u s e d to

e xp ress th e pas t t e n se ; th e d is j o i n e d x
r e presse s the

t e rm in a t io n s er , or, a n d th e d isj o in e d ri , e xpre s s e s ary, o ry .

 T E NT H L ESSO N 61

w a n te d d i re c t o r ca ll e r
e x pe rie n ce d 5 d i re c to r yf c u s t o m ar y /
7

d e are r n ea re r m u rd e re r

NO TE : W hen t h e fo rm s a re d i ti
s nct iv e, er, o r, ary, o ry. m ay b e j io n ed , as in
g reater, bou n d ary, rece i ver, s tro n g er, w ri ter , reporter .

65 . Wh en a w o rd -
s ig n e nd s w i th t h e las t con so n an t o f
the w ord , t h e re v e rs in g pri n c i p l e m ay b e u se d t o e xp re s s

er a ft e r s t raig h t li n es .

s oo n e r fi rm e r t eac h e r

66 . T h e w o rd -
s ig n s a fter (of) an d o ut (ow ) m ay b e
u se d as pre fi xf o rm s .

a fte rt i m es a fte rn o o n o u t s id e

G E N E R A L E X E RC I S E

c a re d co ll ecte d c re d i to r

fa v o re d Cl
)
c o rrec t e d full e r n
)

re t u rn e d i n s u re d

b e l ie v e d i n s u re r k in d e r
c a u sed ad v e rtise r reco rd e r

in c l osed l
c ea re r spea ker
62 G R EGG S HO RT H A N D

se n d e r o
z
e/ t h in ke r a fte r gl ow A . »
sh ippe r
‘
i

w o rk e r
'

o ut gig o n f “ .

pu b li h
s er aftertho u gh t Out fi t

T H E A BBR E VI A TIN G PRIN C I P L E

67 . M an y l o n g v
w o rd s m ay b e a bb re ia t e d by d ro ppin g
th e t erm in at io n s . l
I t w o u d b e a w as t e o f t im e an d e ff o rt
t o w ri t e m o re o f a w o rd th an is n e c e ss ar y to s u g g es t it
w h e n t ran scrib in g
'
. l
T h is prin c ip e is a read y f am i iar l l
i n lo n g han d , as R ev . fo r R everen d , a n s fo r a n swer, J an
. .

fo r J an n ary, P hila fo r P hi lad elp hi a

.
, e tc .

T he e xt en t to w h ic h th e prin c ip l e m ay b e app ied l

f am il iarity o f th e w ri t e rw i th t h e w o rd s
.

d epen d s u po n th e

an d s u bj e c t m a tt e r E v e ry w ri t e r c an a ppl y i t e asil y
.

a n d n a t u rall y t o f am il iar w o rd s and a d apt i t to th e ,

s pecial re q u ire m e n t s o f th e l i n e o f w ork I n Wh ic h h e m ay

be e n g ag e d .

T h e w o rd s g i e n in v
th is le sso h are am o n g th e m o s t
co m m o n an d u se f u i l ll u st ratio n s o f the appl icatio n o f
th is prin cipl e ‘
vV h e n th ese h av e b ee n s t ud ied i t w ill b e
.
,

e as y to appl y t h e prin c ipl e i n g e n e ra l prac t ice Many .

o f t h e w o rd s g iv e n i n s u b s eq u e n t l ess o n s are abb rev ia t e d

i n th is w ay I t is i m po rt an t to b ear i n m in d th a t all
.

t h e w o rd s so abb re v ia t ed w i ll u su all y o cc u r i n se n t e n ces .

e n th u s iasm
”
Fo r in s t an ce i n t h e se n t e n ce H e w as re ce iv e d w i th g rea t
it w o u l d b e s u ffi cie n t to w ri t e en thn s fo r
,

en thu s i asm ; an d t h e s am e f o rm m ig h t b e u se d fo r en thu si

asti o i n
“
H e m e t w i th a m o s t e n th u sias t ic re ce pt io n .
”
 TENTH L E SSON

I L L U ST R A T I O N OF A BBR E VI A T IN G P RIN CI P L E

t h at i
’

th e s tcc e s s . Of t he m ag az i n e m ay

, 5 a».

necessa r y to c h an g e t he polic y of th e associat io n

at t he ne xt m e e tin g in P hilad e l phia s o m e ti m e in J a n ua r y .

H av e yo u a m em ora n d u m of t h e ir fi n an c ia l s tan d in g?

we canno t can ce l th e bala n ce . T he Februa r y n um b er wi ll

c o n ta i n an ori g i n a l s to r y by a
“

ve ry prom i n e n t w rit e r .

7
P l eas e a n s w er t h is l e t te r b e fo re Septe m b er fi rs t . We
5
(

rem em e r b y o ur co- o pe rat io n at th at t im e an d we

o ur appreciat io n w hen t h ere is an o pport u n it y

cf c
64 G R EGG SH O RT H A N D
E X E RCI S E ON ABBR E VI A T IN G PRI N CI P L E
f o ll o w in g w o rdsare to be w ri tt e n i n s h o rth an d
T he
a n d aft e rw ard s co m pare d w
,

i th th e f o rm s g iv e n o n th e
o ppo si t e pag e 3 ‘ u
n

“ .
.

1 a b ( )
an d o n abb re v (iate ) ( ac c us to m )
b mb
.
, , ,

a l ph (a e t ) , a ass (ad o r) an im (al ) a n o n (yh1 0

,h s ) a n s (w e r) , ,
.

2 a p l ( gi
o o ze ) (iate ) assoc (iat io n ) a
apprec ttit f
li d e) attri b( ut e )
b b
.
, , , , ,

a l (anc e ) ,
ri ll (ia n t ) c a l (c ul a te ) c a n c (e l )
, ,
.

3 . cap a( l e) b Cath (o l ic )
, ,
.
ce e 1 c hi l (d ren) , co ll at (eral ) ,

co n se q (ue n ce ) c o ,
d e g(re e ) .

4 . d el i b(e rat e ) , d il ap(id at e) , d il i g(e n ce ) ,

d is (c o u n t ) , e min (en t) .

5 E n g (l a n d ) e n t it (l e ) (
e sti m at e )
g
.
, , ,

fa m (il iar) ,
fi n an (c ial) , fre q (ue n t ) , (
e n e ra l) .

h u n d (re d ) , i nau g( urat e ) i n dic (at e ) , in n o c (enc e ) ,

bl ) j
,

i n v o l (v e ) , irresis (ti e ,
o urn a ( l) .

7 k n o w l (e d g e) l an g( g ) ua e l eg (a1) l e n g (th ) l ib (e rty ) l oc (al )

g(
.
, , , , , ,

ma az i n e ) .

8 m at (te r) , m el an (c h o l y) m e m o (rand u m ) , m od (e rat e ) , ne g (l ec t )

g
.
, ,

ne (
o ti a te ) ,

9 (
n u m e ro u s b
) O se (rve ) o v (io us ) o ppo r(tu n it ) Ord in (ar ) b y y
g y
.
, , , , ,

o ri (in al ) pam ph (l e t ) pec u (l ia r) pec u n (iar )

, pe rm an(e n t )
, , , .

10 perpe n d (ic u l ar) pl e as(an t ) po l (ic ) po p (u l ar) po s (si l e ) y b

y j y
.
, , , , ,

po v (ert ) pred e ce s (so r), pref(e r) pre (u d ic e ) pre l i m (inar ) , , , .

11 . r
p pe (a re ) p re s (e n t ),pre s i (d e ) pri v (i l e e ) pro m in (e n t ) rat h (
,
e r) , g , , ,

relin q (u ish ) re m e m (b e r)

12 re m o n s trate
( v (ere nd ) ridic (u l o us ) sc rup(ul o us)
) re se par ate( )
s in g u (l ar)
.
, , , , ,

s e v (e ral ) , s i mi l (ar) s i m u l (tan e o u s )

, ,
.

13 sp e n dl (id ) s uc (ce ss ) s uf(fi c ien t ) s n o n ( m o u s ) y y t e m p (e ran ce ),

g
.
, , , ,

t rav (e l ) u n an (i m o u s ) u n (io n ) v u l ( ar)

, , , .
66 G REG G SHORTH A N D
68 T h e
. A bb re viat ing l
Prin ci p e m ay b e '

app ied l to a
short w o r d w h en a d is tit iy e ou tli ne is s e c u re d . ll y
U s ua
th is is d o n e a fte r a d iph th ong o r s t ro n g l y so u n d e o e d v w l ,

as i ll u s t ra t e d in th e w o rd sig n s ri g ht wri te fi n d li g ht s i d e
‘

- -
, , , .

T h e f o ll o w in g are u se f u l e x am pl e s :
l

c l ie n t t rad e

pri v a te Q g rad e

3 rri v e QQ N0 fre i h t g {a
d e riv e d ou t b I l
c a im

d ec id e l o yal —
ty po o r

u n ite po w e r c u re

s tri ke pro ud Q ;

e n t ire t h o u sa n d f é
‘

to - n i gh t

D A YS A ND MO N T H S
Su nda y Ag u us t

M on d y a Se pte m b er

T u es d y a M arch O c to b er

W e d n e sd a y A p il r 6 N o v e m b er
T h u rsda y May D ece m b er

F rida y une

Satu rd a y
 T E N T H L E SSO N
"

F IG U R ES , E TC .

69 . A fter n u m eral s t h e w o rd d ollars is ex p d by re ss e

d ; hu n d red by n p l aced u n d e r th e n u m e a r l ; th d ou san

by i h; m i lli on by m pl aced o n th e l in e c o se o e l t th
n uI n e ral ; billi on by b; p oun ds (w e ig h t o r m o n e y ) by p ;
‘

g allon s by g ; barrels by br; bu shels by bsh feet by f;

’

francs by fr; cwt by n w; o clock by 0pl aced o ver the

,

n u m e ra l
C
/
f

fiv e g a ll o n s
f fiv e b arre s l

5/ fiv e b u sh e s l

i ;
f fi v e fee t

s, 0
000
00 ,
f , ” fiv e cwt .

0
J J fiv e
’
o clo c k 5
5 lb s .
(o r £ 5)
;
9 50f
0 ee t a
,

7
5 0lb
0 s .
(o r £ 50
0) 5 fi v e fra nc s fa
7
7 0T h. es e s ig n s m ay b e u s ed a ft e r t h e art ic l e a and

s uc h w o rd s as per few
, , s everal

a d o ll ar fe w t h o u sand d o ll a rs J /
a t h o u sa n d d o ll a rs a po u nd
68 G RE G G SHO RT H A N D

a h u n d re d t h o usan d per h u n dre d C

se ve ra l h u n d red 2 a m i ll io n

se ve ra l h u nd re d d o ll ars 2 a g a ll o n

71 Cen ts w h e n pre ce d ed by d o
. ll ars m ay b e e xp re sse d

by w ri t in g th e fi g u res re prese n t in gth e m v e ry s m all an d

ab o v e th e n u m e ral s fo r th e d o ll ars ; w h e n n o t pre ce d e d

by d o ll ars th e S ig n fo r s is pl aced ab o v e th e fi g u re s .

P er cen t is e x pressed by s w ri tt e n b e l ow th e fi g u res ;

er cen t per a n n u m by add in g n to pe r ce n t
p .

fiv e c e n ts fi v e per c e n t fi v e p r c e n t pe r a n n u m
e
”
O

RE A D I N G E X E RC I SE
l
/J
‘
l
“ l L"

c/ J 2 7
 TE NT H L E SSO N 69

WRI T I N G E X E RCI SE

1 El sewh ere i n this iss ue yo u w ill fi n d a n o t ic e w h ic h s h o u l d be

by e v ery o n e who g g b g
.

re ad d e s ires e n e ra l k n o w l ed e a o u t t h e l e al
gh
ri ts of w o m e n i n t h e diffe re n t s tate s in t he u n io n .

2 v e rtise d i n t he afte rno o n pape rs fo r a n e x perie nce d col

He ad

lec t o r a n d by 10 o c l o c k t h at n ig h t a h u n d re d re pl ies w e re rece iv e d

.

'

T he e l o q ue n t s pea k e r w as g re e te d w ith e n th us ias t ic a ppl a use

.

3 .

w h ic h i nd ic ate d t ha t h is v ie w s w e re po pu l ar
I f the q ual ity o f th is m e rc han d is e is n o t as re pre se n te d yo u
.

4
m ay re t u rn t he g oo d s t o u s a n d we w ill g ive yo u c re dit fo r t h e m
.

b u t w e can n o t po ssib l y a ll o w yo u a n y d isco u n t o n t h e b a l a nce

,

T h e c red ito r w ill n o t re l in q u ish t h e c l aim w h ic h his fi rst

.

5
m o rtgag e g iv e s h im an d th e re fore we c an no t s e ll t h e e n t ire s to c k
.

gg
,
‘

at a uc t io n a s t h e o t h er c re dito rs s u e s te d
fi
.

6 We a ll o w a d is co u n t o f 5% o n ca sh s a es l
g yfi
. .

So m e c ust o m e rs t a k e a d v an ta e of t his e ven w h e n th e nd

sit neces sa r y to b o rro w t he m on e y

,
 ELE V E N T H LE SS O N

P H R A S E WRI T IN G -

72 . t d e n t s h o u l d c u l t iva t e th e prac t ice o f j o in

T he s u

in g s m all w o rd s fo r w i th o u t i t g rea t pro fi cien c y can

,

n e ve r b e a tt ain ed A ll th e co m m o n ph rases co n s is t in g
.

o f tw o o r th ree w o rd s s h o u l d b e w ri tt e n w i th th e s am e

facil i ty as an o rd in ary w o rd — fo rm b u t n o th in g is g ain e d ,

by s t rain in g aft e r spe cial f o rm s fo r un co m m o n ph rases

‘

o r w h ere th e o u t l in e re q uires m o re th an fi v e e ff o rt s o f
th e pe n W h il e ex perien ce m u s t e ver be th e suprem e
.

t eac h e r in ph rase — w ri t in g th e f o ll o w in g s u g g es t io n s w ill ,

b e u se f ul .

(a) A t th e o utse t sh o rt a n d c o m m o n w ord s on ly sh ou ld be j o i n ed .

(b) T h e w o rd s sh o u ld m ak e g o od s e n se if s tandin g l
a o n e, as

I am g lad .

(c) T he o ut l in e s fo r t h e w o rd s s ho ul d be c apa bl e Of big e n ea si ly

j o in e d .

(d ) P h rases t h at ca rr y t h e h a n d aw a yf ro m t h e l i ne of w rit in g
sh o u ld be a vo id ed ; i n o th e r w o rd s , t he w ri te r s ho u l d ai m a t o n vard
m o ve m ent .

(6 ) P ro n o u n s a re g e n e ra ll y j o in e d t o t h e w o rd s t h e yp rec e d e , as

I am , I s hall, you can , we have .

(j) Aq ua l ify in g w o rd m ay b e j o i ned t o t h e w o rd it q ual ifi es , as

g ood men .

(g ) T h e prepo sit io n s to, o f ,

in an d wi th, j
a n d t h e c o n u n c t io n and

7 0
 ELE VE NT H L E SSO N 71

are g e n e ra ll y j o in e d t o t h e w o rd s t h e yp rece d e , as to have, of whi ch ,

in case, wi th thi s , a nd there .

(71) T he au x il iary v e rb s s hou ld , would, cou ld a re g e n e ra ll y j o ined

to t he w o rd s th e yp reced e, a s s hould be, would be, could be .

I n prac t icin g t h e ph rase s g i e n i n th is m an u a th e v l ,

l l
s t u d e n t s h o u d k e e p s t e ad i y i n m i n d th a t th e y are g i e n v
as exam p les , an d th at h e is to f o rm his own ph rase s on

s im i ar l li nes in g e n e ra prac t ic e lH e s h o u d s t u d y the

. l
p h r as e s h e re v g i e n w i th a V i ew o f n o t in g n o t o n y th e l
n a t u re o f th e j o i n i n g s b u t , l
a so th e n a ure o f th e
t w o rd s
th a t are j o in e d .

G E N E R A L E X E RC I S E

o f o ur

o f t he Ica n

to th e we a re Ih a ve
t o t h is fro m th e yo u h a ve
in th e fro m yo u I w ld
ou

on th e w hich t h e Z I will
of h is P w h ich is yo u ca n

o ft h e ir w h ic h c an A
t ha t t h e

t h ere is it w as

th ere are in w h ich

72 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

a ll ri gh t i n t h is

by w hi h c t h e re w e re in t hese

t o yo u t h e re w i ll i n t h o se

2
fo r t h e / ‘

m ay b e in t h us

fo r t h is 27 w ill b e Ii l
n c ose

w i th t h e w o u d bel w e in c l o se
w i th t h is W at
k
han d in g
re ard

W O R D MO D I F I C A T I O N S

V er y u se u f l and d is t in c t i v
ph rase f o rm s
e -
a re O b t ai n e d
by m od ify i n g t h e f o rm s fo r c e rt ain w o rd s .

73 . B e fo re w o rd s b eg in n in g w i th a d oa ard c h arac
te r o r O , R L to is
, , e x pre ss e d by t .

to be to fav o r to h o no r
07
to ha ve t o p easel t/ t o rece i e v

t o pa y to b e l ie v e to l oo k

74 .
Wh en re pe a e d t in a ph rase , th e w o rd as is
e xpre s s e d by s:

as we ll as M as g re a t a s m as m an y as

as g o o d as V
”) as m uc h as as l ong as
74 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

80T h.
ph rase was n ot m ay be e asi
e ly an d l eg i bl y
e x ’
pressed by w ri t in g wasn t, th a t is , b y j o in in g s to n t
w i th ou t an an g e l . Fo r t h e s am e rea so n , it i s n ot is
’ ’
w ri tt en i t i sn t and there i s n ot i s w ri tt e n there i s n t . If
th e c o n t rac t io n s wasn t,
’ ’
i sn t nee d t o b e l
c e ar ly i n d ica e d , t
an apos ro p e t h is p l ace d o v er th e f o rm s .

’
i t is n ot it w as not h e wa s n ot it w asn t

X / e/ , y
«

81 . T h e w o rd s ag o , early, few , hi m , hop e, s orry, wan t,

are m o d i fi ed as s h ow n in the f o ll ow in g ph rase fo rm s
-

w ee k s ag o to hi m

m o n th s ag o I to ld him

y ea rs ag o l
w e t o d h im

at a n early d at e

a t a n ea r ly d ay

ea r ly re p ly a

/ I a m sorry

we are s o rr y
Iw an t

yo u w a n t

few m o n t h s ag o w e w an t

few m in utes if yo u w an t

few m in ut es ag o do yo u w an t
 EL E V ENT H L E SSO N 75

O M I SSI O N OF WO RD S
82 T h e ph rase of the m ay b e o m i tt e d an d i ts o m issio n
.

l
im p ie d by w ri t in g th e w o rd s i t co n n e c t s c lo s e t o g e th e r .

Y o ur l e tte r o f th e u "
7 tim e of t h e d ay
4 t h i nst .

e n d o f the w ee k s tat e o f t h e m ark et —/

C

c re d it o f t he fi rm M A l is t o i th e pe o pl e

83 . T h e w o rd s from an d to are o m i tt ed in s uc h ph rase s

as f rom ti m e to ti m e .

fro m t im e t ot i m e fro m m o n th
f
I
to m on th

fro m d ay to d ay fro m y e ar
to yea r

fro m w ee k to w e e k m fro m
i
s e as o n

”
t o seas o n

84 . T h e w o rd f
a ter is omi tt ed in suc h ph rase s as d ay
f
a ter d ay, b u t t h e w o rd s are n o t j o in e d
t ime afte r t i m e week afte r w ee k J

0
day aft e r d ay m o n th a fte r m o n t h

h o u r afte r h o ur “ r
y ea r aft e r y e ar

85 T h e w o rd by is
. om i tt e d i n s u c h ph rases as day by
day t h e,
l as t w o rd b e in g w ri tt e n a l i tt l e b e l o w th e fi rs t
w o rd
d ay by d ay l in eby l i ne c a l
ff
/

w ee k by w ee k f
r
“
“
l by l i
l itt e l
tt e
76 G RE G G SH O RT H A N D

86 . T h e w o rd to is om i tt ed a ft e r th e w o rd s a ble, ao
co rd i n g , g lad , li ke , ord er, p lease , re ere f
n ce , reg ard , reg ret,

relati ve , res p ect, wi s h .

a bl e t o s ay in re fe re n ce
m at te r
t o th e

in re spec t t o t h e
gl d a to s ee N
4
;

in g
re ard t o t h e
m atte r —
x _ -fi
-
z § I g re re t t o s ay Or
;

5
in re fe re n c e t o t h W iSh t o say
7
87 A n y u n im po rtan t w o rd m ay b e o m i tt ed w h e re th e
.

g ram m at ic al co n s t ru c t io n o f th e s e n t e n ce w o u l d co m pe l
its res t o rat io n w h e n t ran sc rib in g .

i n t h e w o rl d so m e o f t h e m

h ere a n d t h e re w ee k or tw o

m o re a nd m o re s o n - n - law
i

G E NE R A L E X E RC I SE
to see as n e a r as

to s h ip as lo w as

t o w h ich as so o n as

t o re ac h yo u h a ve been

to l ik e t h ere h as b ee n

w h at h a s b een

had b ee n a ble
 ELE VE NT H L E SSO N

w ill not be a bl e

h ave yo u no t b ee n

a bl e
in a d a y o r tw o

"had b ee n in re p l y to y o u r

t he yh db a ee n ou gh t t o rece i e v

Id o n ot s e e o u t o f th e q u e s t io n

Id o no t k no w in a w ee k o r tw o

we d o no t k no w
Id o not l ik e
Id on
'

t s ee by t h e w ay

t h e re was n ot h an d in h an d

da y s ag o th at is to s ay

te n d a y s ag o s y s te m of g o ve rn
m e nt
fo r a few d a y s fo rm of g o v e rn m e n t
Ihp o e to h e ar o n e o f o ur

I m
a sorry t o sa y one or tw o

if yo u wan t any o ne o f th e b es t

pa rtic u ars
wo r k
l of the
ou gh t to be

c hee r a fter c h ee r ou gh t to h av e

s id e by s id e m o re or l e ss
on the q u e s t io n one of t h e m o st
78 “

G R EG G SH O RT H A N D

U
7
SP E C I A L B I NE SS P H R A SE S
S

(Se e Al P g 37)
so a e

D ear Sirs V ry e res pec tfu ll y

D ear Mr . C o rd ia ll yy o urs

M y d e ar Sir V y er co rd ia ll yy o u rs
Y ours Sinc e rel y I am in rece ipt

Y o urs v e ry s in We a re in rece i pt M
ce rely
I am in rec e ipt o f

V y er s i n ce re ly yo u r fav or

W e a re i n rec e ipt O f

y o ur fa v o r

Sin ce re l yy o u rs I am in re ce ipt o f

y l
o u r e tte r

R E A D ING E X E RC I S E

w e
 EL E VE NT H L E SSO N 79

J 0 fl 2 fi k fi x

WRI T IN G E X E RC I SE
1
D ear Madam
we l earn fro m y o ur l e tte r o f May 10 th a t yo u are ret urn in g t h e
b oo ks w hich we sen t yo u a few m o nths ag o Yo u w il l b e c red ited
w ith t h e se b oo k s w h e n t h e y reach u s an d t h e c harg e fo r t h e m w il l
.

b e c a nc e l e d W e a re g l ad t o k n o w t h at yo u a pprec iate o ur co ur
t e sy i n a cce pt in g t h e ir re t u rn W he n yo u n ee d a nyth ing m o re in
.

o u r l in e yo u w i ll fi n d u s e v e r read y t o s e rv e yo u
.

V e ry s i nce rel y y o u rs
.
,

D ear Si r
W e h av e y o ur rece n t l etter as ki n g u s t o ta e ad k v ertisin g spac e
in y o ur n e w spape r . O ur a d v e rt i sm g pl a n s fo r t h e n e x t fe w m o n t h s

w ill ll ow u s t o tak e an y m o re n e wspape r s pace at this ti m e

n ot a

I f yo u w i ll b ri n g t h is m at te r t o o u r at te n t io n a ga in i n a b o u t th ree
.

m o n th s w e m ay b e ab l e t o a rran g e fo r a fu ll pag e i n t h e h o l id ay
,

I ss u e t o which yo u re fe r
V y ll y y
.

er c o rdia o u rs ,
 TW E L F TH L E SSO N

O M I SI O N
S OF V OW E LS
88 . Wh en tw o vw l
o e s no t f o rm in g
pu re d iph th o n g a

co m e t og e th e r , th e m in o r o r u n acce n t ed ow e m ay b e v l
om i tt ed , an d fo r co n v e n ie n ce i n w ri t in g m an y w o rd s the
c irc l e m ay b e om i tt ed i n th e d iph th o n g u .

d e it y rat io rad i us

m u s ic c o n ti n u e

89 . I n t he b od y of a w o rd s h o rt i t a n d ow a re o m i tt ed
b e f o re 11 , m , 11 g , n k , m ,
ml .

ru n co m e s un ro u n d

fo u n d ru n g pu n g ent

NO TE S (a) T h e sh o rt is n o t o m tted i w he n it b w wet t i

h o r z o n ta l
k
: u o c c u rs ee n o

i gh t as i n m m n u mb
f

k
s t ra s t ro es

b b l i gh
.
,

( ) T he i
o m i ss o n o f o w e tw ee n i
tw o h o r z o n ta s t ra t is i di ca te d

b k li
s tro es n

by the jog
“
or ro en ne , as in re n ow n , a n n o u n c e .
82 G R EG G SH O RT H A N D

93 . T he v ow e l is om i tt ed in th e t e rm in at io n s ti ti on ,

tati on , d i ti on , d ati on , n i tton , n ati on , m i ssi on , mo ti on

re pe t iti on ad dit io n i g nitio n o m is sio n

stat io n g radatio n g
sta n atio n form ation

G E NE R A L PR I N C I P L E S
94 . W h il e th e o m ission O f v l l l
in g ene ra is e ft to a
ow e s

v ery l arg e e ten t x to th e j udg m en t O f th e w rit er, t h e

f oll ow in g s ug g es t io n s w ill b e o f assis t an ce :
(a) A v el is O ft e n o m i tt ed b e tw een tw o rev erse

v
c u r es .

m a ke r s truc k scarc e

att ract ea g er sec ure

(b) A h oo k v ow e l ‘

is O ft e n om i tt ed b etwee n T , D, R,
L, an d P, B .

Du bli n
 T WE L T H F L E SSO N 83

(c) A circl e v o w e l is O ft e n o m i tt ed b e tween P ,

B
a h o riz o n ta l o r u pw ard c h arac t e r
pi t y rapid o pe n

O M I SS I O N OF C O N SO N A N T S
9 5 D is
. omi tt ed w h e n i t im m ed iat e l y pre ced e s M o rV
ad m it ad m in is te r ad v e rb ad v oca te

N O T E: I n th e w o rd s ad m i re, advi s e, advan ce , co m n i g un d i

e r th s ru e , l th e i ni tial
v ow e lm ay be om i tt ed . Thi s e na bl es i
t h e w r te r t o fo rm s uc h u sefu l ph rase s as
I ad m i re, we ad m i re to . ad vi se , I advi se, we advi se to , advan ce, in advan ce .

96 . Wh en s l ig h t l y e n u n cia e d ,t T is omi tt ed
th e e nd O f a w o rd .

fact d e tect

d e fect in sist d esis t

co m b inat io n e xp resse d by raisin g

k ill ed A rn o ld

b l d ing
ui b ewi l d er g o l den Ry e no l ds
84 GR E G G SH O RT H A N D

G E N E R A L E X E RC I S E

a rd u o u s a st o u n d d ese rve

b
-

red o a n d de as e

g e n u in e de b ate

ast u te d ec isio n

m u sic ia n re n o u n ce d isch ar g e

v irt u e a n n o u n ce d is arm

t h eo r y d isce rn

I B U SC U HJ j
re o ice d ist o rt

re v ie w d is card

re pe n t m ispri n t

re s po n d m is q u o t e

l unch rep ace l m is g u id e

l
co um n w re s id e pe rh aps

fro n t res o rt pe rm iss ion

b row n reso u rce pro m o t io n

d row n pro long

sou n d

s u rro u n d b e tra y pro id e v

fo u d ry
n b e seec h pro pe r
86 G REGG SH O RT H A N D

featu re e x t e n ua t io n e vid e n t
v ent ure a tte s t e xac t .

e ve nt a ttes tat io n c o n ta ct

e v e n t u al d e tes t c o n s is t

ad ve n t ure d e t e s ta t i o n pe rs is t

fail ure d e m an d

e rro r

s e rio us Q4 d e d uc t

pre v io u s res id e n t

t u it io n presid e n t

9 8 T he
. f o ll o win g w o rd s co m i n g u n d e r th e ru es l giv e
in th is l l
e s so n are a s o u se u f l ill t
u s ra t io n s of t h e A b b re
v iatin g P rin cip e l .

b fi en e t pro b bla e

m an u fac t ure pro g ress

m isfo rt u n e pu n c t ua l C
m istak e

g
d isa ree
m e nt 9
d isappoi nt pe rs o n -
al res po n s-
fbl
:
7
e
m ent
NOT E : I n d i sag ree d i s appoi nt
, an d i
th e r d erivativ es . i t is fo u n d co n v e ni en t

write d ford i s .
 T WE L F T H L E SSO N 87

R E A D I N G E X E RC I SE

WRI T IN G E X E RC I SE
1 T he th eo r yw as ad vanced that a so l utio n o f th e b ewil d erin g
y y o n l y by fo ll o w i n g u p e v e ry c l ue
.

m st er co u ld b e fo u n d
g g
.

2 A s pec ial ee t in m
w as an no u nce d fo r th e pu rpo se o f d isc u ss in
y b fi
.

th e fo rm atio n o f a so c iet fo r t h e e n e t o f t h e m etal w o rk e rs i n t h e

y
fo und r
g b gg g gh gh
.

3 M uc h d am a e w as d o ne to t he a a e t h ro u ro u

h dl i g k ag e ly
.

an n a nd o n e pac was e n tire c ru s h e d

b y fi
.

4 . Sil e nce a o u t t he d e tail s of o u r o f ce w or k is av irtue . T he

re peti t io n o f a n in n oc e n t re m ar k h as O ft e n c a use d t h e fa il u re of an

i m portan t b u si n es s d ea l
g g g
.

5 . T he m ana er Soo n fo u n d t h e re w e re pro fo u n d m is iv in s

abou t t h e o u tc o me O f t h e e x pe d it io n .
 TH IR T E E NT H LE SS ON

J O IN E D PR E F IX E S
99 . Mos t j o in ed pre fi x es are al read y f am il iar
Of th e

to th e s t u d en t T h e y are re peat ed at th is t i m e fo r t h e
.

p u rp o s e O f f u rn i s h i n g s u ffi c ie n t prac t i ce to e l im in a t e

h esi t at io n in u s in g t he m i n ac t ual w o rk
'

1 0
0A l xp .
, e ress ed by aw ; a n d U I, by it .

a l m os t l
a so l
u tim o (ult ) .

0C
1 1 . om , Co n , C o u n , C o g , e xp re ssed by k .

c o m pe t it io n c o n fe ss c o un se l co g no m en

2
NO TES : (a) B efo re t o r d th e pre fi xf o rm m ay e xpre ss can .

l
ca n ta o upe c an d i d at e c an d o r c an d e l

b
( ) W hen Co m o r Co n i s fo ll o wed by a v ow e l or by r or I, i
wr te k m fo r co m an d

kn for con .

co m e d y c o m rad e co n c i C o nro y
9 0 G REG G SHO RT H A N D

10
5 F . o r, FOre , F u r, e xp re ssed by f .

fo r iv eg fo res i h t g furn ish forearm

02 / a _ _

NO TE : W h en F o r o r F o re i s fo ll ow e d by a v ow e l di j i s o n f an d i
w r te t h e n ex t

l ll by
,

Ch aracte r C ose t o i t , as i nforearm W h en F or o r F ore i s fo ow ed r or Z fo rm

gl
.
,

an an e after f. as in foreru nn er furlon g page 9 2

, , .

0S
1 6 . ub , e xpr esse d by s .

su bd ue su bp oe n a su b mi t su b st ance

4
NO TES : (a) B f
e o re R , L , Ch , J , or a h oo k , s i
i s w r t te n c o n trary l
to ru e to
x
e pre ss s ub .

su b lim e su bw y a su b i
o rd n ate

b
( ) W h en Su b i s fo ll ow e d by a i
C rc e l v ow e l s is d i j i
s o ned an d t h e n ex t

l
.

Ch arac ter i s i
w r tte n c o se to i t .

su b ed it or su bg a ent su bh ead su bq le ua

,
7 , , c /

G E N E R A L E X E RCI SE

l
u ster

co m pe l
l
u te rio r c o m m on

l
u ti m ate

l
u tim at um
 T H I R T EE N T H L E SSO N 91

c o m m e n ce con v en e

c o m m iss io n c o ns u l

c o m m o t io n c o n sc io us

c o m m u tat io n co gn a te

co m it y e mb a r ce

c o m at o s e e m pe ro r

co n ce it i m pa rtia l

c o n te s t i m pe rfec t

co n c u r i m po ssi bl e

c o n c u ss io n

c o n d it io na ll y i m po v e rish

co n fimr i m pressio n

co n s ig n en gi ne

co n fo u n d e n c o u ra g e

l
c o n s o a t io n

c o n so l id atio n e n ch an t

co n s t e rn at io n in fim
r

c o n d u ce i n ve n t

co n s u m m a te in v es t

co n v ince i nv es ti g at e
 G R EG G SHO RT H A N D

un k in d fo rt u n e

u nco ut h fo rsake

l
u n e a rn e d fo re g ro u n d

emer e g fo reru nne r

e m o tio n farl o n g
i nh a i tb fo re n o o n

i m m e rs io n fu rn ace

i nac tio n fu rth e r

u n easy fu rth e rm o re

u n n o t ice d fu rth e rm o s t

e x pe rt fu rt iv e

e x ce ss fu rn it u re

e xa gg e ra te fo reh ead

e x c i te fo reo rd a in

e x c urs io n su b id
s e

e x h a us t su b q
se ue n t

e x pl o s io n su bl eea s

e x h ib i t su bu rb

o x al ic su bi
s st

o x id iz e su b id
ac
94 G RE GG SH O RT H A N D

PRE F IX A L A BB R E VI A T I O N S

0
1 8 T he. f o ll ow in g are u sef u l abb re v ia t io n s u nd e r

l
ru es g i e n v in th is an d i n pre v io u s l e sso n s :

acc o m p ish l 0 e co n o m y
?
V e ffo rt

c o m m an d

co m m erc e

co m m erc ia l
co m m ittee

co m m u n ic at exe rc 'se

c o m pare

e x press
l
co n c us io n

co n fi d e n
i e in deed

c on g ress

co n n ec t

co u n tr y su bj ect
* See s uf
fi x able , pa g 10
e 9 .
 TH I RT E E N T H L E SSO N 95

R E A D IN G E X E R CI SE

t
)
2

WRI T IN G E X E RC I SE
I T he w o rl d w ill l it t l e no te nor l ong r
em e m b e r what we say

ver forg et y d id h
.

"
h e re, b u t i t c an n e w h at t h e e re .

2 It n eed s n o pro ph et t o te ll u s th a t th o s e w h o l iv e u p t o t h eir

gh
.

m ean s w ith o ut a ny t h o u v
t O f a re erse in l ife can n e ver attain
pec u n iar y i n d e pe nd e nce
g g fi
.

3 . T o the c o st o f m an ufact u ri n a n d s hippi n a d d th e pro t of

the m an ufac t urer and t h at o f t h e sh ipper— t he se ite m s m ak e up

the pri ce pa id b y th e l
u t im ate pu rc h ase r .
 F O U R T EE N T H LE SS O N

TH E TR PRI N C I P L E
0C
1 9 . er ain
t fi x es o r l e tt ers are d isj o in ed to e x press
pre
tr an d a f o ll o w in g v o w e l T h e pre fi x is pl aced ab ov e
'

the l in e an d v e ry c l o s e to th e re m ain d e r O f th e w o rd ,

w h ic h res t s o n t h e l in e o f w ri t i n g .

C o n tr c o nt rac t co u n te rac t

(o r coun ter)
C o n s tr c o n s tru c t c on st rain t

e x tract e xc l am ati o n

i n tricate i n te ll ec t

i ns t ruct i n s tru m e nt

R e tr re trac t retro g rad e

R e s tr re strict r
re st ai n t

D e tr d e tract d e tri m e n t

D i s tr d istrac t d ist ri b u te

E le c t r l
e ec t ri c l
e ec t ric c ar

(or electri c) c:
c:
/
A lte r l
a terca te /
3 l
a t ernati ve
4
9

U ltra 6 “ l
u tra m ari n e
98 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

e x trad itio n re trie ve

e x traneo u s re t ro spec t

e x traord inary re trac t io n

e x terna l re t rib ut io n

e x c l ud e res t rai n

e x c l u s iv e res t ric t io n

i n te rna l d e t e rio rat io n

i n te re s t d is trac t io n

i n t ro d uce d istre ss

i n te rv e n e d istrust

in te ll i g en t l
e e c t ric i t y
i n te ll ig enc e l
e e c t ric ian

e n te rtai n l
e ec t ro t yp e

e n t e rprise l
e e c t ric l igh t

inte rn atio n a l l
a te ratio n

in te rpre t l
a te rn a t io n

i n tersec t ce n t ri fu a g l
in te rru pt l iterat ure
i nterv ie w l it u rgy
in st ru ctio n l et terpress
 FO U RT E E N T H L E SSO N 99

m ate rn al pat te rn

m e tro po l ita n patro n

n itric pe t ro leum
n u t ri m e n t A us t ria

Dat ric ia n o s t ric h

CO MP O U N D D I SJ O I N E D PR E F IX E S
11 0S. om e v er y f
u se u l co m po u n d s are O b t a in ed
j o ini n g s im pl e s y ll ab l es ,
s uc h as a n , i n , dis, re, n on

d isj o in e d pre fi x es .

u n c o n t radic te cl 7 u n c o n s t ra i n e d

u n co n tro ll ed i n e x trica bl e

inc o n tro ve rt i bl e u n i n te re s ti n g
u n re s tra in e d rec o n s t ruc tio n

re dis t ri b u tio n m is i n te rpre t

d is in te res ted ill ite ra te

u n i n te rru pte d e c c e n tric

u n i n te ll ige n t co n ce n tra tio n

u n i n te ll ectual v
n o n i n te r e n tio n

in d e s truct i bl e l
u na te ra bl e

i m m ate rial .
c o m pa trio t
 G RE G G SH O RT H A N D

D E RIV A T IV E S OF W O RD S E N D I N G I N CT

111 . f o rm in g th e d e riv at iv es O f w o rd s e n d in g in ct
In ,

as con tract i t is n o t n ece s sary t o d is j o i n to e x press ed

, ,

or er o r i ve
, , T h e t is o m itt ed i n t h e prim i t iv e f o rm
.

(u n d e r t h e r u l e g iv e n i n P ar a n d
. a l s o i ts d e riv a t i ves .

c o n trac t e d v
re st ric t i e

c o n trac t o r u n re t rac ted

c o n t rac t i ve d e trac t ed

c o n s t ru c t e d ac t ive
co n s t ru c t o r e ffec te d

c o n s t ruc t i ve e ffec t i ve
i n struc te d affec te d

i n s truc to r d e fec t iv e

i n stru c t iv e d e te c te d

e x tracte d d e t ec tiv e

R E A D I N G E X E RC I SE

?
P M
 F I F T EE N TH LE SSO N

D I SJ O I N E D PR E F IX E S—C O N T I NU E D ‘

1 12 . A g g ra- e i , -
e xpr ess e d by l oo p a ; an d A nta -
e i, b y
-

l
C irc e a .

a gg ra ate v

113 . I n e li - e -u , e xp res sed by i (s mall c ircl e ) .

inc l in e i n c l e m en c y i nc l ud e i nc l u si v e

O
V

114 . D e cla-i , e xp re ss e d by d e ; an d R e cla i -

. by re .

d ec l are d ec l in e rec ai ml rec l ine

4 :
NO TE : On acco un t o f t h e d i ti
s nc t iv e c h arac te r o f t h e fo rm , D ec la -i m ay b e
ex pre s se d i
w th o u t d i j i i
s o n n g ; th u s

d eclare d e cl i ne d ec l i
ara t o n d ec l aim

1 15 H y d ra-o
.
, e xp re ss ed by i (d iphth o n g i

y
h d ran t hyd rau l ic y
h d ropath y y
h d ro ph o ia b
3
9
/ <
9
a
 F I F T E E N T H L E SSO N 1 30
116 . Mag n a -
e-i (or MC ) , e xp res s e d by m ; an d Mu lt i ,

by m u .

ma g n a n i m o us ma g ifin cent Mc D o nag h m u l tifo rm

NO TE : W h en a d i i i
st n c t o n i s re q i
u re d b e tw ee n Mc and Ma c i
w r te t h e s tro k e

bl l g h f
,

d ou e en t or Ma c .

1 17 . O v e r, e xp ress e d by 0; an d U n d e r, by u .

o ve rd ue o ve rth row u nd e rs ta n d u n d e rn ea t h

0 n

118 P ara,
. e xp ress e d by p ; an d P o s t, by p (o n th e
li l
n e , c o s e to the n ex t c h arac t e r) .

parasite parall e l po st m an postal

c K g

119 . Se lf, C irc u -m , e xp re s s e d by s (to th e l e ft ) .

se l fi sh se l f e stee m
-
l
c irc u at io n c irc u m ve n t

12 0S. u pe r, Su pre , e xp re ss e d by s
“
( co m m a S
s u pe r at i l ve s u pre m e s u pe r c ia fi l
‘

s u pe r v ise
M
12 1 . Sh o rt or S h i p, e xp re sse d by sh ; an d T ran s , by t .

s h o rt h a n d s hipw rec k t ra n sac t io n l

t ran s at io n

y
0
1 4 G RE G G SH O RT H A N D

122 . Sa s pi , S a s pe , Su s c e p, e xp re ss e d by ses .

s usp c o n i i s u spe n se s u sc e pti bl e

/
f f I

G E N E RA L E X E RCI SE
d
a gg i v
re e y g
h d ro en

h yd bro c a r o n

mag ne t

a gg re s s io n m g ai nes a

a gg re ss i ve
an t id o t e

M ac i n to s h
Mc D o ug all

a n te d i u l v ia n m u l tit u d e

a n t i th e s i s m u l tipl y
d ecl a m at io n o v e rtak e
d ec l in e d o v e rb al an c e
rec l i ne d o ve rc h arge
inc l i n ed o ve rl oo k
i nc l i n at io n o v erc o m e
0
inc l u sio n o verestim ate f
 0
6 G REG G SHO RT H A N D

CO M P O U ND D I SJ O I N E D PR E F IX E S

u n t ran sac te d u n tran s fe ra bl e é

Un tran spare n t é l f co ntro l

0”
se -

u n t ran s atal bl e se l f co ntrad ict io n

-

6
d isinc l inat io n A 7 u n su spe c te d

se l f interest
-
u n suspi c io us

”
u n se l fi sh 7
/ u n s usce pt i bl e

u n para ll e l ed i / l
e e ct ro m a gn et

123 . T h e w o rd s mi sund erstan d an d mi su nd erstood are

e x pressed by s tan d an d s tood p l aced u n d e r m i s , w i th

m i s p acedl on the li ne O f w ri t in g . T h is is e xt e nd e d to
u n d erstan d an d u n d erstood w h e n pre ced ed by a pro no un ,
a w o rd s ig n or a s h o rt ph rase f o rm .

m isu n d erstan d Id o n o t u n d e rsta n d f )

"

m is u nd ers to o d I c a nn o t u n d e rst a n d { 1
7
we u n d e rst o o d
5» t h o ro u h g ly u n d e rs to o d

12 4 . T h e w o rd s extra en ter, over, u nd er, short, alter,

cen ter, cou n ter, con stru e , a g ree, d eter, are e x pr e ss ed by

th e pre fi x al f o rm s p l aced o v er th e n e xt w o rd .

extra d isco u n t V cen ter rai l

enter i n t o c o u n t er c ai l m m y
 F I F T E E N T H L E SSO N 0
1 7

o v e r the l
a te r t his

u n d e r a ny c o n s t ru e the

s h o rt t i m e Se n a to r C u m m i n g s

RE A D ING E X E RC I S E
0
/
 G REG G SH O R T H A N D

WRI T I N G E XE RCI S E

1 . Se l f k n ow l ed
-
g e, se l f rev ere n ce
-
,
se l f co n t ro l
-
, t h e se t h re e a l o ne
l e ad m en t o Su pre m e po w e r
g
.

2 I t w as o u r u n d e rs tan d i n t hat D o c to r Mac C hes n e y w as t o

g o f m ag n o l ia trees
.

l
t ra n s at e t h at d isc u ssio n l on t h e t ra n s p an ti n
for t h e n e x t i ss u e o f t h e Ag ric u l t u ra l R e v ie w
T h e e x t ra d isc o u n t all o w e d o n t h e b ill fo r g oo d s pu rc h ase d
.

3
at t h e re g u l a r co u n te r w a s n o t a cc o rdin g t o t he n e w c o n t rac t i n
.

w hich w e ag re e t o m a k e a s pec ia l price o n l y o n sal e s a m o u n tin g t o

m ore than $2 0
0
g v er fi fty th o usan d w ith o ut
.

4 T he c irc
ul at io n of the ma az i n e is o

gi o u t a s e x ch a ng e s
.

k
ta in n t o a cco u n t t h e e x t ra c o pie s se nt
g
.

5 . I t w as s e l f e v id e n t t h at c oa l w o u l d
-
be re co n iz e d a s a c o n t ra

ban d Of w ar
g g
.

6 T h ere w as a e n er
al s u s pic io n t hat his an ta o n is t w as a

g g g
.

m an of reat i n t e ll i e n ce a n d ma n e t is m

y v e ry
.

7 T h is s st e m o f s h o rth a n d is t he a n tit h e sis o f t h e a n t i

y vastl y
.

q u at e d m e t h o d s , a n d i t i s e as to d e m o n st ra te t h at i t is
s u pe rior t o a n y o f t he m b e c au s e t h ere is a s upe ra b u n d a n ce o f e v i

d e nc e i n i t s fav or .
11 0 G RE GG SH O RT H A N D

( ) b Wh ere th e root w ord i s a bb vi

re ate d to o ne c h arac ter, ness i
i s w r tte n i n
fu ll as i n t h e w ord g ood n ess wh i h i
c s w r tte n g - n -e—
i s I f th e pri m i t iv e w ord ,
l ig l ly gg
.
, ,

a th o u g h a wo rd -s n i s m o re fu , su es ted t h e s uffi
, x
fo rm i s use d .

fu ll ne ss li l tt e n e ss g l ad n es s i
fr e n d l es s

2
(c ) A n an gl e i s form ed i n j i i g
o n n n es s w h ere th e a b se nce o f an an gl e wou d l give
‘
h e fo rm of a i
d ffere n t w o rd .

h ard n es s sad n e ss m ad ness l o w n e ss

h ard e n s ad d e n m ad d e n
‘

129 . P ose , e xp ress e d

by po ; P o s ition , by po shun ; -

P u te , by pu ; an d P u t ati o n by pu shu n ,
-
.

im po se i m posit io n i m put e i m pu tat io n

7 7 7

13 0P i . re , e xp re s s ed by pi ; a nd Qu ire by , lei .

as pire i n spire c o n spire respire

ac q uire inq uire re q uire es q uire

97 3

131 .
Q u e s t, lacs ; an d Qu isite by , kest .

q
re u est re q ui si te ex q u isite
 S I X T EE N T H L E SSON 1 ll
132 . S e lf, e xp ressed by s ; a n d Se l v es , by s es .

h imse f l y o urse lf th e m se lves o urse lves

9

133 . Su lt , e xp re sse d by s u ; an d Su m e , by sm .

res u t l i n s ul t ass u m e re s u m e

134 . Su re , e xp re ss e d by s hu ,
‘

an d J u re by j u , .

a ss u re m eas ure in j ure pe r u rej

135 T i o n , Si o n
.
( h un ) ;
s T i e n t , Cie n t , by shu n -
t ; and
C i e n c y, by s hu n - si .

passio n pat ie nt a n c ie n t fi
e f c ie n c y
a
136 . W or th , e xp ressed by u th ; a n d W o rt hy by , thi .

H arm sworth Ai ns w o rth praisew o rt h y t rust w o rth y

G E N E R A L E X E RC I SE

s u i ta bl e e ata ble

irrita bl e

l
sa a bl e
1 12 G REG G SHO RT H A N D

n im bl e si m p e l
rea d bla e t ransc ri e b
seaso n a bl e t ra n sc ript io n

a d m iss ib l e i n sc ri b e

a d m ira bl e in scriptio n

l aud ab l e con fl ic t
g bl
ass i n a e co nfl ic tio n

i bl
a tta na e i n fl ic t

te rrib l e in fl ic t io n

pl i b la e h a nd fu l

i n te rm ina bl e b a sh fu l
ta n g ib l e u se fu l
fo rm ida bl e w atc h fu l
i n co m para bl e w o n d e rfu l

e n d u ra bl e s uccessfu l
l
a i m e ss

fearl ess

h o m el e ss

b rea th e s s l

x
e am p e l th o u h t g l ess
114 G REG G SH O R T H A N D

y o u rse lve s co n ure j

c o n su t l fi
e f c ie n t

d e s ul to r y d fi ie c en t

co n s um e d fi i y
e c e nc

l eisu re p fi iro c ent

t rea s u re p fi iroy c enc

c e n s u re Ell sw orth

pre ss u re bl a m e w o rt h y
j
ad u re n o te w o rt h y
CO MP O U N D J O IN E D S UFF X I ES

feeb le n e ss fearl ess n es s

h o pefu l n e ss b l
reat h es s n e s s

g
t h o u h tfu l n e ss h o pe l e ss n e s s

p l ay fu l ne s s fearl e s sl y
c are fu n e s s l h o pe l e ss ly
h o pe fu ll y i m pat ie n tl y
th o u gh f ll y t u ac t io n a ble

p la y f ll y
u fash io n a bl e

h ee d l ess n es s m iss io n a r y
th o u gh l t e ss n e ss c o n su l tatio n
 SI X T E E N T H L E SSO N 1 15

in d esc ri b bl
a e m o m e n tar y
m eas ura bl e l
s u pp e m e n tar y
i m m eas u ra bl e e e l m e n tar y
re q uire m en t co m p l i m e n tary
ac q u ire m e n t t rus tw orthin es s

RE A D I N G E X E RCI SE
 G RE GG SH O RT H A N D

/9
”
i x c

?
H

WRI T IN G EX RC I SE
E
/
1 H is w s d es u l t o r y él '

a t he re f
mife w it h o u t l
resu t

l m ost in cred ib l e
. .

6 o
2 T he a c h iev e m e nt (S 5 0re arkab le that i s a
/ by several rel iab l e
.
,

b ut t h e t ruth (ii th e re po rt i s v ou ched fo r

peo pl e
A g y
.

3 fter c arefu l in vesti at io n t h e c am e to a d ecisio n t h at t h e

l l oan s w ou l d b e t oo l arg e an in vest m e nt for th e co m pan y
.

ad d it iona

t o u n d ertak e w ith t h e capital at it s d ispo sal at t hat t i m e

T h e s h orthan d n ote s are l eg ib l e b ut t he t r
.

4 an sc ript io n is n o t

acceptab l e b ecause O f th e l ac k o f n eat n ess i n t h e w o rk

.
,

Th e m issio n ary u n d erw e n t in d esc rib ab l e t ort ure w ith a

.

5
fearl ess ne ss w hich e v o k e d t h e ad m iratio n O f t h e s av ag es
.

T fie co n trib ut io n is praisew o rth y for i ts d ire ct t reat m ent o f

.

6
t h e s u bj e ct b u t i t is n ot s u tab l e for use i n o ur pub l icatio n a n d w e
.

i
are t h erefore ret urn in g t
,

.
o y hu .
118 G REG G .

SH O RT H A N D

139 . H ood o r V V ard , e xp resse d by d .

Ch i l d h ood l ik e l ih ood h o m eward

NO TE : I n m an yw o rd s w ard m ay b e j i
o n ed .

forward afterw ard s t o w ard s

14 0A
. Cle , I cal, I cle , e xp re sse d by k .

t en tac e l m e d ical l
c a ss ica l c h ro n ic e l

14 1 . I tis , e xp re ss e d by ts .

appe n d ic itis m e ni n itis g perit o n it is ll

t o nsi i tis

O n
7
_

/f

14 2 . U late , e xpre ss e d by it . In f o rm in g d eriva t iv es ,

th e o th er l e tt ers a re add e d .

m o d u l at e m o d u l at ed in su l ator

i ns u l at io n fo rm u l a te e m u atel l
e m u ati ve

NO TE : I n m os t w ord s u late an d i t s d er ivativ es m ay b e j i

o n ed i
w th pe rfec t
safe t y .

l
s pec u at o n i s pec u ato rl s pec u atl iv e

c, e;
 SE VE N T E E NT H L E SSO N 119

G E N E R A L E XE RCI SE

gl y
w i ll in M no b il i y t

pp ll i g l y ib i l i y
a a n 6 X 9 se n s t

M—
ik i g l y d v i b il i y
fié
s tr n a sa t

m i gl y
ean n l g ib il i y
e t

h i gl y
s oo t n d i b il i y
e s ra t

a ff b i l i y
a t

q l ifi i
ua ca t o n

gl y
c h ee ri n g ifi i
ra t ca t o n

l gi gl y
on n S i g n I fi c at io n

ex d i gl y
c ee n l
c ass i fi c a t io n

gr dg i g l y
u n m o rt ific at io n

M ill i g n to n in d e m n i fi ca t io n

F mi g
ar n to n id e n t i fi c a t io n

VV arrin g t o n c e rt i fi ca tio n

\V e lli n g to n l e t te r g ra m

H arrin g to n ph rase og ra m

R oc k in g h a m
C u n n in h a m g
b y
pl a u s i il i t pil g im
r
120 G RE G G SH O RT H A N D

a na g ram l iv e l ih oo d
k n ig h th oo d
s tat e h oo d

m o n u m e n ta l o n w ard

l k hip
c er s u pw ard

a ppre n t icesh i p G it /
f
n o rt h w ard

Q4 s o u t h w ard

e as t w ard

s t e a m sh i p w estw ard

k i nship aw kw ard
w arship rew ard

w orshi p a rt ic el
w o m an h oo d l
c e rica l
m an h oo d phyi s ca l
gi l h
r ood
p y hi
s c ca l
b yho oo d m u s ica l

r
h a d ih oo d

m o th erh oo d radica l
b roth erh oo d 4/ t ech n ica l
gh b l
f
n ei o rh o o d c utic e
12 2 G RE G G SHO RT H A N D

WRI T IN G E X E RCI S E

1 The l
C assi fi ca tio n an d id e n t i fi c a t io n o f t h e ca n d id at es pro ed v
g l y d iffi
.

to be x
a n e cee di n cu lt t as k
q ual i fi c atio n s
.

2 I f yo u hav e th e esse n tial e d uc atio nal we c an

ly g fi
.
,

e as i arran e fo r t h e c e rti c atio n .

3 T h e t ec hn ical n at u re o f t h e m atter m ake s th e w o rk of the

v ery fi
.

m ed ic a l re po rter d iflt cu

psy chica l research

.

An artic e o n l appeare d in a rece n t iss ue Of

t h e perio dica l
Ev ery gi l
.

5 r, w he n Sh e reac h e s w o m an h oo d , h o u l d b e pre pared

s

gh
.

to e arn h er ow n l ivel ih o o d e v en t hou t h ere is n o l i k e l ih o o d o f

h er big
e n
‘

ca ll ed u po n t o do so

ll g
.

6 Yuo m ay m at ric u l ate i n t h e co e e w h e n yo u

‘

recei ve a n oti

y l i g i b i l it y
.

fi cation Of o ur e

g
.

7 T he l
a rtic es o f c o- part n e rsh ip w ere d raw n u p ac c o rd i n to
fi
.

th e spec i c at io n s .

8 T h e law s tipu at e dl t h at t h e statem en t o f o w n ers hip sh o u ld

bli h d v ery
.

be pu s e e s ix m o n th s .
 —
E I G H T E E N T I I LE SSO N

D I SJ O IN E D S UFF IX ES —C O N T I N U E D
14 3 .
- R ity , -
L ity, -
City , -
V ity, -
N ity, -
Mity , w i th or

w ith o u t a pre ced in g v owe l xp

, e re ss ed by r, l
, s , v , n t, ml ,

res pe c t iv e l y .

A ri ty, E tc . A v i ty, E tc .

y
po pu l arit d e prav it y
pro s p i y er t n at i v it y
m j i y
a or t b re v it y

Aiy l t ,
E tc . A mi ty , E tc .

b li y
ru ta t b
u r a n it y
ut il i y t y
t ri n i t

f iv l i y
r o t a ffi i y
n t

A c ity, E t c . A m i ty , E tc . .

te n ac it y ca a m ity
l
fe l ic it y b l im i y
su t

po m po s it
'

y p x im i y
ro t
12 4 G RE G G SH O R T H A N D

NO TE : I n w ord s end n i g wi h t
'

ern i ty, t h e re v erse d C rc e i l is u se d t o ex press

bf
e o re t h e s uffi x S ig n

frate rn t i y tac t urn ti i y

14 4 .
-
St ie , w i th a prec ed i n g v ow e l xp
, e re s se d by st .

l
e ast ic d o m e stic art ist ic a th e is tic

14 5 .
- T ic , w i th a prece d in g v ow e l , ex pr es se d by
larg e ci rcle ; -
T ic al, w ith a pre ce d in g v ow e l xpr
, e esse d by
a loo p I n fo rm in g d e riv at iv es th e o th e r l e tt e rs are ad d ed
.
, .

po itic l po itics l g
e n e r e t ic g
e n er etic a ll y
L O

y
h pn o tic s y st e m at ic s y st e m atica l s y s te m atica ll y

4
5
NO TE I : n m an y c ases th e loop m ay b e j io n ed

<
.

p l i t i al
o c t h eo re t ca i l g ra m m at ca i l auto m at c a i l
“ 9
7 7 7

14 6 .
-
N tiC , w i th a prece d in g v ow e l xp, e ressed by n .

In f o rm ing d e riv a t iv e s , th e o th e r l e tt e rs are add e d .

g ig an t ic a uth e n t ic frantic fran ticall y

 G R EG G SH O RT H A N D

G E N E R A L E X E RCI S E

tec h n ica l it y
v ital ity
hil arit y y
m o rtal it

re g l y
u arit m li y
o ra t

f m il i i y
a ar t fid li y
e t

i i y
s n ce r t d o c il ity

te m i y er t v ersatil ity

p i i y
r or t fac il it y
mi i y
n or t fu t il i y
t

aut h i y or t
c / c /
g arru l it y
i
fu t u ri ty inc re d ulit y

se c u rit y c apac it y
l
a ac r t i y m e n d ac it y
i n te giy rt v erac ity
rea li y
t lo q uac ity

nat io n a l it y
rasca l ity

pu nc t ua i t l y
c ri m in a li y t
 E I G H TE E NT H L E SSO N

ro m a n t ica ll y
Al t an t ic

fe m in in it y ca ll ig raph y

h u m an t i y l g
te e raph ic

C h ris t ia n it y ph o to g raph ic

e x tre m ity ph o t o g ra ph e r

di g iy
n t ph o n o g ra ph y
j o urna l istic
ma j e st ic

s ta t is t ics bi g o ra ph y
a u t o m a t ic m im eo g ra ph

e rrat ic g g
eo ra ph y
c rit ic g g
eo ra ph ic a l

c rit ica l h e c to g ra ph

i
c r t ica ll y ph y i l gi l
s o o ca
0
pne u m a t ic ph y i l g i ll y
s o o ca

t h eo re tica ll y o rn i t h o o l gy
ro m a n tic c h ro n o o l gi l
ca
12 8 G REG G SH O RT H A N D
d oxo l ogy l
e n to m o ogi st

l gy
t a u to o ph l gi
re n o o st

l g i ll y
a na o ca m y h l gy
t o o

e nto m l gy
o o ph i l l gy
o o

RE A D I N G E X E RCI SE
 N I N E T E E N T H LE SS O N

A D VA N C E D P H R A SE WRI T I N G

15 0O m i . ss io n o f W o rd s . T he l
ru e s fo r t h e o m iss io n

Of w o rd s i n ph rase w ri t in g a re O f g re a t i m po rt an c e , an d
l
s h o u d b e c are f u y s t u d ie d
”
ll
W e n o w g i e a few m o re
. v
i ll t
u s ra t io n s .

in o rd e r to j dg
u e fo r th e t im e bige n

I n o rd e r to pre pa re
I wo u l d l i ke to
k n ow
in o rd e r to s ee I w l d l ik h v
ou e to a e

on th e su bj ec t I m f h pi i
a o t e o n on

7
q uestio n of t im e ki d l y l
n k w et u s no

s oo n e r o r at e r l b ill f p i l
O art c u ars

l ittl e o r no h
t an ki g y f ou or

y
n
i
o u r a tte n t o n

l i tt l e o r n o th in g (1 0yo u m ean t 0
s ay
in the m atter

0 111 S11 C h a m an ner

the m ark e t
.

In

on acc o u n t of th e
on th e m ark e t
w ay

u p t o t h e ti m e so m e tim e o r o th e r
 N I N E T EE N T H L E SSO N 13 1

151 I nters e ctio n

. . T he e xp d i
t k n ow n as in t e r
e en

s ec t io n o r th e w ri t i n g o f o n e c h arac t e r th ro u g h an o th e r
, ,

is s o m e t im e s u se f u l fo r s pe cial ph rases I n appl y in g .

th is e x ped ie n t th e w ri t e r m us t re l y v ery l arg e l y u po n

his o w n j ud g m e n t I n his d ai l y w o rk as s t e n o g raph e r
.

o r re po rt e r h e m ay fi n d so m e t e rm s pe c u l iar to th e b usi
,

n ess i n w h ic h h e i s e n g ag ed o cc u rri n g so f re q ue n t l y

th a t s pecial f o rm s m ay b e ad o pt ed fo r th e m w h ic h w ill
b e b rie f an d ye t ab so l u t e l y d is t in c t iv e V e ry O ft e n th e
.

in te rsec t io n O f o n e ch arac t e r th ro u g h ano th e r w ill m e e t

th e e x ig e n c y T h e fo ll ow in g are u se f u l e x am ples
.

D e m o crat ic part y
R e pu bli
ca n part y
P ro g res s i ve part y
0D . .
po l itic a l part y
B l
a t i m o re Ohi o

(B .

New Y o rk Ce n tra l
se ll in g price M ichigan Ce n tra l
m ark e t price I ll in o is C e n tra l

Cha m e r O f b U n io n P ac i fi c J
f
C o m m e rc e
B o ard O f T rade C a nad ia n P ac i fi c

BO
Edif ti
c
i a
f
on
N o rth e rn Pac ifi c
7
4

B o ard o f M anag ers G rand T run k

132 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

G e neral M anage r i n c l o se d bl an k
A ss i stan t G e n era l bl
M anag er l
app icat io n an k
e n d ow m e n t l
po ic y o rd e r bl k an

i n d e m n it y p li yo c G re at Bi i r ta n

b an k d ra ft b o n d a nd m o rt gg a e

v ice v e rsa A s so c iat e d Pre ss

152 . I n d i c at i o n of I ng . I n g the, i n g that i ng -you ,

- -
,

i n g you r, i n g hi s , i n g thei r,
- - -
i n g an d , i n g thi s , i n g a s ,
- - -

x
i s e pressed by w ri t in g t h e w o rd f o o w i n g i ng in th e ll
i n g po s i t io n— j u s t as i n g ton is e pres sed by w ri t in g ton x
in th e i n g po si t io n .

d o in g h t e k n ow i n g the

d i g hi
o n s k n o w in g t h e ir

d i g y
o n o ur k n o w in g t h is

d i g h i
o n t e r w o rk in g an d

d i g hi
o n t s g h
h a v in t e

g iv i g hn t e h vi g h i
a n t e r

g iv i g h i
n t e r h vi g y
a n o ur

g iv i g yn ou co mi g d n an

g iv i g n us i g hi
s ee n t s

m il i g y
a n ou w i hi g h
s n t at
 G RE G G SH O RT H A N D
E s te e m e d by hi d y m
t s a
'
s ai l
e stee m e d fav o r
by m il
ret u rn a

y o u re stee m e d fav or
by m il a

e s tee m e d l e tter by m m il
sa e a

y o u r e st ee m e d le t
t er b l y m il
y e ar a

I am in rece ipt o f
y o u r e st ee m e d C o u rse
l etter
I am in rec e ipt O f
y o u r e st ee m e d

fav or
w e a re in rece ipt O f
y o u r e s t ee m e d
as a m atte r Of

fav o r c o u rs e

w e are i n rec e i pt O f
y o u r e s tee m ed

l e tte r
as a m a tte r of fact
B eg ca ll y o u r a tte n t i o n

t o t h e fac t
Ib t o ac k n o w l
g
eg
ed e re c e i pt i n po in t of fac t

Ibg e l
t o i n c o se yo u a re aw a re Of

t he fact
Ib g e t o t han k yo u I am aw a re o f t h e
fac t
w e b e g to ac k n o w l
ed eg w e ll - k n o w n fac t
we b g t o ac k n o w l
dg
e

e e rec e ipt
S u re

be s u re

by t h is m ai l to b e s u re

by to -
da y ’
s m ai l yo u m ay b e s ure
 N I N E T E E N T H L E SSO N 1O 5

we a re s u re A cc o u n t
o n acco u n t o f t h at
yo u wi ll b e s u re

P l e as e
o n acc o u n t o f t his

pl ea se fi n d i n c l o s e d
o n acc o u n t O f m y

i nc l o se d pl ease fi n d o n a cc o u n t of the
fac t
p l ease le t u s h ear
fro m yo u T h ank

Iw ou l d b e pl eased th a n ki n g yo u fo r

w e w ill b e pl eas e d t h an k in g yo u fo r
y o ur at t e n t io n

h
t an i n k g yo u fo r
P re s e n t
y o ur k in d a tte n
t io n
prese n t t i m e
t h an k in g yo u fo r
yo u r fav o r
at t h e pre se n t t i m e
t h an k in g yo u fo r
at t h e pre se n t y o ur l e tter
m o m en t Id i es re t o t han k
o n the yo u
occa s i o n
prese n t
Ih v a e t o t h an k yo u
fo r
C l as s

fi rs t -
l
c as s

fi rs t -
l
c ass m a n ne r w e have y o u r o rd e r

fi rs t- c l ass t ha n k in g yo u fo r
c o n d i t io n
y o u r o rd e r

A g ai n C i ty
o v e r a n d o v e r ag ain y
c it O f C h ica g o

g
a a i n a n d a a in g i y
c t of B o s to n
136 G R EG G SH O RT H A N D

D e pa rtm e n t C o m pa n y
t rea s u r yd e part an d c o m pan y
m en t

w a r d e part m e n t
l
ra i ro ad c o m pa n y
na v y d e partm e n t e x press co m pan y
po st -
o ffi ce d e part in su ran ce c o m pan y
ment
t ra n s po rtatio n
s ta t e d e partm e n t co m pan y
po l ice d e part m e n t
te l e ph o n e co m pa n y
fi re d e pa rt m e n t l
e ec t ric c o m pan y
l eg al d epart m e n t l
e ec t rica l c o m pan y

y
i n q u ir d e part m e n t t ru st c o m pa n y
c re d it d e part m e n t

Sh o e d e part m e n t to us

furn it u re d e part
w rite us
m e nt
pu rc h asin gd e part
p l ease w rite u s
m ent
Shippi n gd e part
p l ease w ire us
ment
m a il o rd er d e part
m en t
k in d l y g ive u s

A ve n u e
W a s h i n g to n A v e n u e
Wab ash Av e n ue
sh are h o l d er
Massac h u se tts
A v e n ue l
po ic h o d e r y l
138 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

WRI T IN G E X E RCI SE
1 G entl em en : A s req u ested w e are se n din g yo u a co py O f o u r
price l ist g iv in g i ll u st ratio n s a n d fu ll d escript io n s o f all t h e a rtic l es
.

w e n o w h an d l e I f yo u are i n t h e m ark et fo r an y th in g i n o u r l i n e
.

w e sh o u l d l i k e to h av e o u r repre se n tative call o n yo u w ith sam pl e s

T ha n k in g yo u fo r t he i n q uiry a n d h o pi n g t o b e fav o re d w ith
.

y o u r o r e r, d we a re
V y t ly y
er ru o urs, (66)
2 A fwd y g w
D ear Sir: iv d e l f m y
a s a o i e re c e e a ett er ro ou n

b
.

w hi h y c k d
o u as f i h e wi h i f m i
u s to u rn s fi m
yo u t n or at o n a o ut a r

in t hi i y
s c W t y p h hi fi m h
e a re so rr v d
t o re o rt t at t s r as n e er o ne

b i wi h fil
.

u s n e ss d h th f w h v
u s an d
t at t i e re o re e a e no ata n o ur es

a b t i W h v h d g i d g i h h p pl
ou t e a e e ar a a n an a a n t at t e se eo e a re

d i g g db i
.

o n a oo d f w k w h i
us n e ss a n ff i
so i
ar as e no t e r a a rs are n

fi l
rs t- c ass c o ndi i h p im W
t o n at t e g h
re s e n t t e e re re t to s tate t at

g iv y f h d i l
.

w e c an n o t e ou u rt er e ta s

v y ly
.

Y (9 9 )
o urs er t ru ,

3 G l m en t eTh k f en :h d w hi h h
an j b
yo u or t e o r er c as u st ee n

w ill b fi ll d i m m d i l y wi h h x p i
.

rece iv d eT hi d s o r er e e e at e t t e e ce t on

ppl y ly
.

o f h t e d i m
s e co n A te f hi i l
s i m pl
o ur s u O t s art c e s co e te

bl hip f r f w d y
.

e xh d w
a u s te h ll b e s a e u na W e to s o a e a s e t rus t
’

g m e wil l b i l y i f y y
.

h
t at t hi s a rran e nt d h
e e n t re s at s ac t o r to o u an t at

y ouw ill b i v i
not d by h d l y
e nc o n e n e n ce t e e a

A i g y f p mp
.

ss u r n ou O i ll i m
o ur ro w t atte n t o n at a t es , e are

V y p f ll y y er re s ec t u o u rs ,
 T W E N T I E T H LE SSO N

I N IT I A L S

O o

P w 0

a)
C

U J ’

154 . Ith o u l d b e b o rn e i n m in d th at th e re is n o
s

co n t e x t to i n i t ial s T h ey s h o u l d th ere f o re b e w ri tt e n
.

w i th u n u s u al c are M an y w rit e rs pre fe r to w ri te i n it ial s

.

in l o n g h an d an d if th is is d o n e a g re a t s av i n g in t im e m ay
,

b e e ffe c t ed by w ri t in g th e m in s m all l e tt e rs an d j o i n in g
th e l e tt e rs th u s :
,

AB . . Sm ith E . F J
. o ne s

M M
14 0 G RE G G SH O RT H A N D

ST A T E S A N D T E RRI T O RI E S
(T h e c o n t rac t io n s u s e d are t h o se ad o pt ed by th e P o st -O ffi c e
D epart m e n t .
)

Al as ka

C a l if . Mass .

M ich .

Co n n . M in n .

M iss .

S D ak
. .

M ont . T en n .

Nb e r .

G u am U tah

H aw ai i Z/Q N . H .

Id ah o

N . Y .

I owa (7 N . C .

Ka n s . N . D ak .
 G REG G SHO RT H A N D

155 T h e t erm in at io n s bu rg vi lle fi eld p ort m ay g e n

.
, , ,

e rally b e e x pre s s e d by th e fi rs t l e tt e r j o in e d o r d isj o i n e d ,

as co n v e n ie n t ; a nd ford by fd , .

H arrisb urg Evan sv ill e W ill ia m sport

F itch b u rg K n o xv ill e O xf rd o

Dan v ill e Sprin gfi e ld R oc k ford

Zan e sv ill e D a ve n po rt H an fo rd
J ac k so n v ill e N e w po rt { 7 M il ford

156 . A cl e ar d is t in c t io n s h o u ld b e m ad e b e tw ee n ton
an d town .

J o h n st o n J o h n sto w n Charl e st o n C h a rl e st ow n

Z
f i f

157 . T he n am e s O f ci t ie s and t t
s a es m ay O ft e n b e
j o i n ed
/
.

B uf
fa o , l N . Y . D e troit , M ic h .
(f
t " 7

R o ch e ster, N . Y . Ba l t im o re , Md .

St . L o ui s , Mo . C hica g I ll o, .

M inneapo l is M in n ,
. D e n v e r, C o l o .

St P au l ,
. M in n . M e m ph is , T e nn .

Washin gto n ,
D C . . O m aha ,
N ebr .

B o st o n , M ass . L v ill e
o u is ,
Ky .
 T VVE NT I ET H L E SSON 14 3

158 . Wh en th e w o rd s S tate O f prece d e th e n am e o f a

s a e, om
t t it of a n d j o in t h e w o rd s , if c o n v e n ie n t .

Sta te O f Ne w Y o rk Sta te o f M assa c h us e t ts

Sta te o f Nb e ra s ka State of Pe nns y lv a n ia

f I ll i L )
State O n o is Sta te of o u is ia n a 6
N

PO IN T S OF T H E CO M P A SS , E TC .

159 . In c e r ai n
t li n es O f b u s in e s s th e f o ll ow in g f o rm s
wi ll b e f o u n d v e ry u se f u l .

n o rth n o rth ea s t

s o u th s o u th ea s t

n o rt h w e ste rn

w e st s o u th w e s te rn

n o rth e rn n o rth e as t e rn

s o u t h e rn s o u t h ea s t e rn

e as te rn n o rt h w e s t q u arte r
w e s te rn s o u th w e s t q uarter
n o rth w e s t J
) n o rt h e a s t q uarte r
?

’
s o u th w e st
5
2 s o u t h e as t q u arte r j f s
14 4 G REG G SHO R T H A N D

G E NE RA L RU L E S
16 0W h . en th ed is t in c t iv e appearan ce O f th e prim i tive
wo rd -
fo rmb e pre ser ed c an v , i t is a ll ow a ble to j o in to
f o rm th e d e ri a t i es v v .

fav o ra bl e c are ess l n am e e ss l

161 . h o u l d b e f o u n d d e s irab l e to in d ica t e w i th

I f it s

r i io n t h e s h o r t s o u n d o f an y v o w e l a s m all c u rv
p e c s e ,

c an b e pl ace d b e n e a th t h e v o w e l .

m in io n im m i g rate o n io n

NO TE Th i xp d i e nt is ld o m n ecessar y I t is u se fu l i
o cc as o n a ll ma k
l ik
: s e e se y , to e

l b
.
,

a c e ar d i tis i
n ct o n e tw ee n w o rd s e retu rn a nd wri t em i g rate a n d i m m i g rate,
b
,

an d e tw ee n i
t h e d p h th o n g u a n d t u , as i n m i n i on .

162 . T he f o ll ow in g w o rd s are giv en l

to i lu s t ra t e th e
im po r t an ce Of pl ac i n g t h e s e c o n d c irc e o u sid e th e l t li ne

w h e n tw o c i rc es a rel j o in e d .

nam e ly d ai l y c arr y
e9
/
14 6 G REG G SHO R T H A N D

166 . A v e ry e as y an d g race f u l bl end m ay b e s e c u red

by j o in in g S to V w i th o u t an a gl n e in th e t e rm in at io n
s i ve .

e x pe ns ive e x pan siv e O ffe n s i ve

e x te n s iv e d e fe n siv e in te n siv e

167 T h e Sco t c h G e rm an ch , th e I ris h g h , an d t h e

'

. or

Wl h ll m ay b e
e s e x pr e sse d by a do t o v er 13 , g, an d l,
res pec t iv e l y

L oc h

168 T h e
. f o rm s fo r h und red an d thou san d
c o n rac ed
t t
are e m pl o y e d o n l y w h e re th e s e w o rd s are pre ce d e d by

n u m e ral s t h e art i c l e a o r s o m e s u c h w o rd as fe w m an y
, , , ,

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of th e ma az ne.
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R E A D I N G E X E RC I S E

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WRI T I N G E X E RC I S E

1 I n t he U n ite d Stat e s , i m m i g rat io n a l w ay s g rea t l y e x c ee d s

g
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em i ra t io n

ly
.

2 . T he l
e ec tio n w rit s w ere c o rre c t m ad e o ut b ut th e re t u rn s

were fa r i n e xces s o f a ll e x pec tatio n s .

3 l aws i n t h e s tate o f N ew Y o rk d iffe r fro m t h o se i n th e

T he
s t at e O f N e b ras ka i n t h is res pec t
.

A l m ost d ail y m any peopl e are kill ed through t he c are l e ss

.

4
n ess O f ag e n ts o f t h e e l ec t ric rail way c o m pa n ie s
.

T h e pay e e O f t h is d raft Mr J M J o h n sto w n is u n k n o w n

.

5
t o us a n d i t w ill b e n e c essary fo r hi m t o b e id e n ti fi e d be fo re w e c a n
. .
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, .
,

giv e h im the m oney

T he fi rm positive l y d ec l in ed t o acce pt t h e c o n s ig n m e n t o f
.

6
o ran ges fro m F l o rida T h e y c l aim ed t hat t h is s h ipm e n t h ad b e e n
.
_

d am a ge d o n acco un t o f t h e c are l essn ess i n n ail i n g t h e b ox e s as w e l l

.

as by t h e u n fav o rab l e c l i m at ic co n di t i o n d u rin g t ran sit

7 T h e u rg e n c y o f t h e case call ed for e m erge nc y m ea s ure s a n d

.

t he m anage r Mr R K J o h n so n after a n e x ha us ti v e s t ud y O f t h e
.

m atte r d ec ide d t hat t he pl an pro pose d by o n e o f t he a ge n ts Mr D

. . .
, ,

E H anford is th e o n l y w ay o ut o f th e d iffi c u l ty
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,

. .
,
 G R EG G SHO RT H A N D

co v e n an t disc ov e r e x ec u tive

c ruc i bl e e x o rb itan t
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c u rio u s

d oc trine

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da n g e ro u s

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d efe n d an t l
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engg a e

E gl i hn s h an d k e rchie f

em pl y o er h ead q u arters

e n o rm o u s hie ro gl y phi c

d e m o ral iz e en v el o pe hith e rto

d epo n e n t h oriz o n tal

d e si g n a te h us b an d

d e ve l o p

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inc l os ure l e g is l a t i v e

in co h ere n t N /l g i l
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o b die ent pro pe rt y

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’
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O pe ratio n pro v e
 G RE G G S HO RT H A N D
pro v o k e s it u at io n

pu n c t uatio n s oc ia l
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s pec ify

q uarte r u n us ua l

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154 G REG G SH O RT H A N D

SH O RTHA N D A S A MEA NS OF MENTA L

CU LT U RE

(K ey to Sh o rth an d P l at e o n pa e g 153 )

With s h o rth an d e v e ry pe rs o n m ay f o rm h is o w n
b o o ks o f re fere n ce acc o rd ing to h is o w n re q uire m en t s ,

a nd th a t i n th e s am e s pace a s th o u g h th e y w e re pri n t e d ;

an d n o se l ec t io n o f pri n t ed b oo k s w o ul d co n t ain an d

o n l y c o n t ai n w h a t h e w a n t e d A n y pe rso n w ho w ill
.

c o ll e c t o n l y fo r a b rie f t im e s uc h f ac t s i n t o s h o rth an d

as appear l i k e l y to b e u se f u l i n l i f e an d so met im es re ad ,

o v e r w h a t i s so co ll ec t e d wi ll fi nd the i deas s ec u red

,

ag ain an d ag ain re c u rri n g in f u t u re readin g I f t h is .

se l ec t in g b e c o n t in u ed i t w ill c o m e to b e re c o g n iz e d
,

th at ev e ry n ew s pape r o r m ag az in e art ic l e an d n o t a ,

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-
,

l ess in g en io usl y co n t riv ed pat c h wo rk o f O ld id eas -

,

th o u g h d o u b t l ess th e w ri t er i n m an y c ases b e l ie v ed
th e m to b e o rig in al ; and th e read er wi ll e n d in k n o w
i n g id eas apart f ro m w o rd s an d w ill recog n iz e th e m in
,

w h at e v e r d ress th ey m ay b e prese n t ed j us t as w e k n ow ,

o u r f rie n d s by th e ir f e at u res h ow e v er th e y m ay be
,

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f e l t in th e m in d a re m u c h l ik e t h e s tars m an y re fl e c
,
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SO ME G R EG G PU BL I C AT I ONS
P ri ces s u b ect j to ch a ng e w itho u t n otice

S H OR T H A N D I N ST R U C T I O N BO O KS

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tati o n o f h h d 8
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S lm i i G gg S h h d A ll i
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upp e E e n tar f
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u se u id i
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G m A d p i f h G gg S h h d M l By S V
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SU P P L E M E N T A R Y
W S By M k I M il G gg S
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A ly i l L n i G gg S h h d By M l\I i i D
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n ew ea t e ac p rac t ca u s n es s n a on t
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Sh o rt h an dCh am p o n sh p es ts Wati i T By l H M hl er Co n ta i
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t h e N at o n a i l S
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G gg i g Sh By J b gg A ll i
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th e w or
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S ig f h F By Si A C D yl g l h
L H f Lm i m S l fRM i d d Md i i 1 0H i S l h By G g
The n o t e ou r 88 . r . o n an o e . 1 pa es ; c ot

e t t e rs ro a e - a e e rc h an t to s on . eo r e

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TY P E VJ R I T I N G

R i at o nal Ty i i g B R P S R ll
pe w r t n u pe rt
l Ty i i ( 9 2 7 Edi i ) Th l
y o e e
R i
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Th N ew at o n a d pe wr t ng 1 t on ate s t
l id f y w i i g 56
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R i
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l m i h en t n h
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un or pew r t n . za et . a s . or u n or

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EN G L I SH S P E LL I N G ,

A ppl i ed B
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H g r a d R p t P S R ll T T
s an o u
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n n s n es s aro ro w n A prae
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ca f r h t t m d
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l th
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.

a c o

O F F CE I TRAIN ING
S i S i By R J b gg
Tk
‘
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l y m l y ii g
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a es t h e e e m e n t ar ate ri a s of s h o rth an d , t pe w r t n
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a o rato r ate r a s
 Sc h o o l Mo nth o f th e Y e ar

Syfi v en t - ve th o u s an d write rs an d te ach ers o f sh o rth an d s tu d y t h e G gg

Wi v y l l
e re
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i
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l
e , .

fro m ten to fi fteen pag f

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Su bs cri pti on s $ 1 5 ,
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—
m o re h an d o ub l e th e n u m b er in th e
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Sho rth an d Manual .

B eau ti fu ll y b oun d in e x tra qual ity

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 ’
W o rld s Ch am pio n Sh o rth and W riter

MART I N J . D U P RA W
I n th e N
atio n a l Sh o rth an d e po rte rs R
s so c iatio n s h o rt h an d
’
A
s p e e d c o n te s t h e l d i n P h il ad e l h ia o n
p u g u s t 16, Mr Martin A J
y
. .

D u praw , w ri te r o f G re g g Sh o rth an d d up l icate d h i s v ic to r o f

19 2 5 b y w i n n in g
th e W o rl d s C h am pi o n s h ip T ro ph
’
fo r 19 2 6
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y
A g by 0
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l th o u h th e s pe e d o f th e 19 2 6 te s ts w as i n c re ased 2 w o rd s
a m i n u te Mr ,
,
b
D upraw ro k e all p re v i o u s re c o rd s fo r ac c u rac y .

T h ree G re g g Ch am pio n s
G re gg Sh o rth and
‘

i s th e ly y
m th at h as p ro d u c e d m o re th an o n e
s te
lS
on s
cha m pi o n i n t h e N at o n a i h o rth an d R e po rt e rs
’
A i i
s s o c at o n c o n t e s t i n au g u
rat ed i n 1 9 9 0 Si. n c e 1 9 2 1 th e c u p h as ee n w o n fi e t m es b G re v i
w r te rs by gg i .

T h e w i n n e rs w ere
19 2 1
19 2 3
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C h ar
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l
S
L S
ch n e
w em
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19 2 5
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19 2 6 art ni J D u praw
Mr S id mb i g
.

c h ne er is now a me er of th e s h o rth a n d repo rt n s tafi of th e

S
.

U i
n te d tates C on gr es s .

Gre g g Sh o rth an d th e Stan d ard Syste m

G re gg Sh A y
m e r c an s s te m an d i s t au h t i n m o re i g
i” S
o rth an d
i s th e s tan d ard
g
th an 9 5 70 o f all h i h s c h o o s in t h e U n te d l
t ate s t h at t e ac h s h o rt h an d In
l G S
.

t h e p ri v a te c o m merc al s c h o o s
“
i
re g g an d
“
h h
o rt an d
"
are s y n o n y m o u s .