Event Profile: Vulnerability:

- 2 million lived in tin-roofed shacks on steep ravines

- 7.0 on Richter Scale
- 25km west of Port-au-prince
- 13km below surface
- Metropolitan city of Haiti affected primarily
- Mainly shanty settlements – can’t withstand shaking
- Badly constructed buildings – susceptible to damage
- Overcrowded & Overpopulated
- Poor country – no detection or prediction systems
- Weak government – no response protocols, no planned safe areas
- Whole country had only 2 fire stations
- Weak first-aid services which were also damaged
- Low literacy – inadequate response to the disaster by people

Secondary Hazards Impacts

- Aftershocks: upto 5.9 on richter just 9km Haiti Earthquake, - Third of population
below surface and 56km south-west affected
- Fires: gas-leaks & damaged electric lines 2010 - 230,000 killed, 250,000
injured, Million
homeless
- Degraded environment +
air quality and low
food/water availability
Event Profile:
- 386,000 pop. – largest urban area in New Zealand
- 2010 earthquake 7.1 magnitude
- At 4:35 a.m
- Very few casualties compared to Haiti
Vulnerability:
2010 Earthquake:
- Most people were asleep in strong timber-framed homes
- High building standards made compulsory by government
2011 Aftershock:
- 12:51p.m., 22 February 2011 2km west of Lyttleton town
- CBD was highly busy and crowded (midday)
- Buildings had weakened due to previous tremors
- Liquefaction was very high

Secondary Hazards Christchurch, New

- Aftershocks: continued till 2012, strongest
one being 6.3 magnitude in 2012 Zealand 2010-12 Impacts
- 2010 Earthquake killed
almost no one
- 2011 aftershock killed 185

Event Profile:
- Soufière hill volcano active since 1995
- Due to plunging of South American and North
American plates under the Caribbean plate
Vulnerability:
- Populated highly due to fertile plateau
- High slope and mountainous region inhibit evacuation
- Lack of sophisticated prediction techniques
- Constant volcanic activity

Impacts
- Settlement of Plymouth
home to 4000 was
abandoned as it was
covered in ash
- Plymouth contained
Secondary Hazards government offices and
- Constant eruptions since 2010 Soufière hill, shops and services
- Southern third of island
- Fires and smoke
- Harmful gases, dust, and ashes
Montserrat evacuated
- Monsterrat population fell
from 11,000 to 4,500 due t
evacuation

Event Profile:
- Nothern Sumatra, Indonesia
- Pacific ring of fire, surrounded by 120 volcanoes
- Erupted in 1600, then dormant till 2010, and active since
Vulnerability:
- Populated highly due to fertile plateau
- High slope and mountainous region inhibit evacuation
- Lack of sophisticated prediction techniques
- Constant volcanic activity

Impacts
- More than 30,000 villagers
have been evacuated since
2010
Secondary Hazards: - The department of health
- Constant eruptions since 2010 Mount Sinabung, provided medicine
- Fires and smoke Sumatra, Indonesia - National disaster
- Harmful gases, dust, and ashes management agency gave
blankets, sleeping mats, an
tents
- 1 person died in 2010
- Crops destroyed in 2013