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1.4 Research questions

 What are precise obstacles and opportunities in CSR implementation in small Indian
bicycle companies?
 What are main success factors in successful CSR implementation in small companies in
Indian bicycle industry?

1.5 Research objectives

 To identify exact factors in successful implementation of CSR.

 To review current activities and actions of SMEs from CSR implementation in small
companies in Indian bicycle sector?
 To identify sudden issues and problems Indian bicycle SMEs have to face while
designing and implementing CSR.
 To propose solutions to problem which Indian bicycle SMEs have to face while
implementing CSR .

1.6 Why did I select this topic: Significance

There are quite a few reasons which made me to select this topic such as India is the second
most populated country around the globe after china and a majority of bicycle companies
(manufacturing) are of SMEs type, and about eighty three percent Indian bicycle industry sector
is of unorganized nature, and also lack of sufficient rules and regulations from CSR perspectives
and on top of that limited awareness of small bicycle companies about benefits of CSR
implementation made area of CSR implementation less attractive for small bicycle companies ,
by ignoring this area SMEs in Indian show sector are not only depriving off themselves from a
variety of benefits from CSR but also causing problems for other stakeholders by not protecting
their interests .small bicycle companies also provide jobs to about four million people in India,
successful implementation of CSR also leads to innovation which supports a lot in cost reduction
and offers complete edge companies over their rivals. Outcomes of this study are useful for in
small bicycle companies in India as that they can learn benefits in CSR implementation and also

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what sorts of issues come up while working on this theme and also through which ways those
issues can be dealt with. This study also supports Indian small bicycle companies in increasing
their level of profitability by paying attention on CSR agenda. And this study is also useful for
managers in small bicycle companies as they would be able to get a variety of benefits through
cost reduction and this would also make them to expand business of their companies.

1.7 Research limitation

In the current study the researcher included only twp small bicycle companies, and two
participants from each company participated in data gathering process.

Literature Review
What is CSR
Notion of CSR is getting more and more fame almost all over the world socially in developed
countries. In-1953 Bowen was the first person who provided notion of CSR, and explained this
phenomenon as a set of compulsions for-organizations for taking precise indicators into-
consideration for the duration of the actions and activities in order to avoid stakeholders from
getting influenced, as shown in the diagram given below (Dawal, 2007). Notion of CSR is
defined by different authors in different manners, its definition keeps changing from market to market and
also from companies to company (Krishna & Radha, 2012). One of the factors contributing to the
ambiguity of CSR is the lack of consensus as to what the concept really means ( Arvind, 2012). Although
the acronym CSR is now well established in the business lexicon, what the term actually means remains a
subject of much debate (Goworek, 2011). Some scholars have conceptualized CSR through similar
constructs such as corporate social performance (Goworek, 2011), corporate social responsiveness
(Arvind, 2012) and corporate citizenship (Krishna & Radha, 2012). Brown defined companies are
supposed to carry out a variety of economic responsibilities, legal responsibilities, ethical
responsibilities and discretionary responsibilities for securing interest of primary and
secondary stakeholders in a market. process of CSR engages to apply the-theory of-
sustainable development-to the-corporate-world, paying attention on views, thought and
expectation of their stakeholders bring numerous benefits for companies such as bright

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brand image and revenue generating (Murphy ,2008). Many CSR studies have highlighted that
the developed countries li

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