SELF SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY
Societal Need
Our Team The main concept of this project is to design a circuit which is used to turn off the power supply
1. [PARTICIPANT 1] when no current is drawn by the load. Thus it saves power.
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2. [PARTICIPANT 2]
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3. [PARTICIPANT 3]
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PROJECT
HIGHLIGHTS
1. Used as protector for
electronic circuits
2. Smaller size
3. More efficient
4. Low cost
5. Safe
6. Saves energy
7. Converts A.C to D.C
Technical Description
Introduction:
 Embedded system requires a regulated power supply. This power supply circuit
gives a variable regulated supply and switches off in no load condition.
 Through an arrangement of voltage regulator 7805 and a potentiometer the
output voltage is varied from 3.7V to 8.7V. Another feature of this power
supply is, when no load is there it automatically switches off. It is achieved
through an arrangement of transistors and relay.
Hardware Requirements:
TRANSFORMER, RECTIFIER, FILTER, REGULATOR, RELAY, TRANSISTOR (BC
547& BC 557), CAPACITOR, RESISTOR, 1n 4007.
Working Principle:
 A regulated power supply circuit that though a fixed voltage regulator U1-
LM7805 not only gives a variable but also auto switch off features. This is
achieved by connecting a Potentiometer between common terminals of
regulator IC and ground. For every 100 ohm increment in the in-circuit value of
the resistance of Potentiometer RV1, the output voltage increases by 1V.
 Thus the output voltage from 3.7V to 8.7V.
 Another important feature of the supply is that it switches itself off when no
load is connected across its output terminals.
 This is achieved with the help of transistor Q1 and Q2, diodes D7 and D8, and
capacitor C2. When no load is connected at the output, Potential drop across
diodes D7 and D8 is sufficient for transistor Q2 and Q1 to conduct.
  As a result, the relay gets energised and remains in that state as long as the load
Applications
remains connected. At the same time, capacitor C2 gets charged to around 7-8V
1. This circuit is used in potential through the transistor Q2. But when the load is disconnected, transistor
different electronic
Q2 is cut off. However, capacitor C2 is still charged and it starts discharging
circuits and electronic
equipment. through base of transistor Q1.
 After some long time, relay RL1 is de-energised, which switches off the mains
2. By this circuit we
can produce various input the primary transformer TR1.
voltages.  To resume the power again, switch S1 push button should be pressed
3. It can be used as momentarily. Higher the value of capacitor C2 more will be the delay in
supply voltage for switching off the power supply on disconnection of the load and vice versa.
different electronic  A Transformer with a secondary voltage of 12V -0V, 250mA was used, it can
equipment.
nevertheless be change as per users requirement. (up to 30V max and 1A
4. This circuit is used current). For drawing more than 300mA current the regulator IC must be fitted
for damage less uses.
with a small heat sink over a mica insulator. When the transformer secondary
voltage increase beyond 12V (RMS), potentiometer RV1 must be re-dimensioned.
Also the relay voltage must be predetermined.

Circuit Diagram