DISORDERS OF THE UPPER/LOWER RESPI BRONCHOPULMONARY DISPLASIA

TRACT- MAAM GABULE

-chronic lung disease that affects newborns (
ATELECTASIS mostly premature) and newborns.

-caused by hypoventilation, obstruction to the RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

airways, or compression.
2 types
1. primary - less surfactant in premature
newborns ( meconium stain)
2. Secondary - aspiration and obstruction
BRONCHITIS
PNEUMONIA
- infection and inflammation if the alveoli
caused by bacterial or viral.
- Rusty colored secretions
- most common cause of death for adult and
children

- Inflammation of the bronchial tubes, airways Pneumococcal pneumonia

that carry air to your lungs.
- most common in preschool and school-age
children/ 1-2 days respiratory tract infection
patients
- 24-48 hours alveoli are no longer filled with
serum
- Blood tinged and purulent sputum

- Influenza Virus, adenovirus, mycoplasma - V common in newborn 12 weeks of age

pneumoniae - Contact w mothers vagina during birth
BRONCHOLITIS Viral pneumonia
- inflammation and edema of the - starts with viral URTI and may progress to
ASTHMA diminished breath sound and fine rales

- Constructed and inflamed lining Myoplasmic pneumonia

- Allergens cause construction of the lining -common in children over 5 years during winter
days
Involved 3 separate processes;
Improving Airway
1. Bronchospasm
- hydration
2. Inflammation of bronchial mucosa
- Humidification
3. Increased brochial secretion
- Chest physiotherapy
STATUS ASTHMATICUS
- Position changes
- life threatening, emergency
- Oxygen therapy
 INFLUENZA

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS - cause by influenza virus

- infectious disease that primarily affects the - Can cause mild to severe illness and death to
lung parenchyma caused by mycobacterium older people and young children
tuberculosis
- Droplet infection/ Direct contact
- there are also instances where it attacks other
parts of body called EXTRAPULMONARY Prevention
TUBERCULOSIS - yearly flu vaccine “Fluzone Intradermal”
- 2-10 weeks incubation period - Cover nose mouth
- droplet infection - Wash hands
- common for immunocompromised patients - Avoid close contact with sick people
and chemotherapy patients
- Stay home 24 hrs after fever is gone except to
Manifestations get medical care
- Fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, low grade fever, Nursing interventions
night swears,indigestions
- increase fluid intake
Diagnostics
- Antipyretics
- quantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) test

- Chest x-ray
PNEUMOTHORAX
- Acid-fast bacillus smear
- Presence of gas in the pleural space
- Sputum culture
- Usually secondary to chest trauma
Medications
- goal: initiate aggressive resuscitation
- rifampicin
- Priority AIRWAY
- Isonizid
- Restore cardiopulmonary function
- Pyraxinamide -common in patients with
hypouricemia CYSTIC FIBROSIS

- Ethambutol - also called mucoviscidosis

- Quantab - An autosomal recessive hereditary disease

that affects the pancreas, lungs, sweat glands,
and digestive system
Therapeutic mngmt

- Antibiotic Therapy

- Bronchodilators and anticholinergics

- Airway clearance

- Nmycolytic agents

- Corticosteroids

- Supplemental O2

- Lung transplantation

- Gene therapy

Nsg intervention

- health educations ; indication of respiratory

distress/problem