12

1. (c) We have, 5. (d) We have,

4 cos −1
x + sin −1
x=π x = a(θ − sin θ ) and y = a(1 − cos θ )
⇒ 3 cos −1
x + cos −1
x + sin −1
x=π On differentiating w.r.t. θ, we get
dx dy
π = a(1 − cos θ ) and = a sin θ
⇒ 3 cos −1 x = π − dθ dθ
2
dy dy / dθ a sin θ
 −1 −1 π ∴ = =
Q sin x + cos x = 2  dx dx / dθ a(1 − cos θ )
π 2 sin (θ / 2 )cos (θ / 2 ) θ
⇒ cos −1 x = = = cot
6 2 sin 2 (θ / 2 ) 2
π 3 6. (d) We know that if Aand B are independent events, then
∴ x = cos =
6 2 A and B are also independent.
2. (c) We have, ∴ P( A ∩ B ) = P( A )⋅ P(B )
tan −1( x 2 + y 2 ) = a = (1 − P( A)) (1 − P(B))
 3  4
⇒ x 2 + y 2 = tan a = 1 −  1 − 
 5  9
On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get 2 5 2
dy = × =
2x + 2y =0 5 9 9
dx 2
dy − x 7. (a) Let I = ∫ e [ x ] dx
⇒ = 0
dx y 1 2
= ∫ e [ x ] dx + ∫1 e
[ x]
dx
0
3. (b) We have, 1 2
= ∫ e 0 dx + ∫1 e
1
dx
f( x) = x2 + 2 x − 8 0

⇒ f (c ) = c 2 + 2c − 8 = [ x ]10 + e [ x ]12

⇒ f ′(c ) = 2c + 2 = (1 − 0 ) + e (2 − 1)
For Rolle’s theorem =e + 1

f ′ (c ) = 0 8. (a) We have,
∴ 2c + 2 = 0 4 2   1 2  2 0 
3 3 = 0 3 1 1
⇒ c = −1     
x Applying R1 + R1 − 3R2 , we get
4. (b) Let I=∫ dx
4 + x4
4 − 9 2 − 9 1 − 0 2 − 9 2 0 
d(x2 )  3 =
3   0 3  1 1
1
= ∫
2 (2 ) + ( x 2 )2
2 
−5 −7   1 −7  2 0 
1 x2 1 x2 ⇒  3 3  =  0 3   1 1
= tan −1 + C = tan −1 +C     
2 ×2 2 4 2
 9. (d) We have, Or

 d 2 y
2 2 (2)
 dy   dy 
 2  +   = x sin   3
 dx   dx   dx  We have, [ x 2 ]   = 2
4
Clearly, the degree of differential equation is not defined.
⇒ [3 x + 8] = 2
10. (a) We have, y = x 4 − 10
∴ 3x + 8 = 2
dy
⇒ = 4x 3 ⇒ 3x = 6
dx
∴ x =2
and ∆x = 2.00 − 199
. = 0.01
→ →
dy → → b⋅ a 3
∆y = × ∆x 16. Projection of b on a = =
dx → 2
| a|
∆y = 4 x 3 × ∆x
Or
∆y = 4 × (2 )3 × (0.01) = 0.32
We know that,
So, the approximate change in y is 0.32. → → → → → →
| a × b| + ( a⋅ b )2 = | a|2 | b|2
11. We have,
→
[i$ $j k$ ] = (i$ × $j )⋅ k$ = k$ ⋅ k$ = 1 ⇒ 144 = (4)2 | b|2
→ 144
Or ⇒ | b|2 = =9
16
We have, →
∴ | b| = 3
→
a = (i$ + 3 $j − 2 k$ ) × (− i$ + 0 $j + 3k$ )
17. We have, fog = f (g( x )) = f (2 x − 3)
i$ $j k$
= (2 x − 3)2 + 3(2 x − 3) + 1
= 1 3 −2
−1 0 3 = 4 x 2 − 12 x + 9 + 6 x − 9 + 1
= 4x 2 − 6x + 1
= (9 − 0 )i$ − (3 − 2 )$j + (0 + 3)k$
= 9i$ − $j + 3k$ 18. Let a be the side and P be the perimeter of equilateral
triangle.
→
∴ | a| = 92 + (−1)2 + 32 = 91 ∴ P = 3a
12. feasible region. dP da 1  da 1 
⇒ =3 = 3 × = 1cm/s Q dt = 3 cm /s 
dt dt 3
13. general solution.
19. We have
14. strictly decreasing function.
X 1 2 4 2A 3A 5A
15. (−19) 1 1 3 1 1 1
P( X )
We have, A−1 = KA 2 5 25 10 25 25

⇒ A− 1 = K A Given, E( X ) = 2.94
Now, E( X ) = ΣX P( X )
⇒ A− 1 = k 2 A 1 1 3 1
⇒ 2.94 = 1 × + 2 × + 4 × + 2A ×
1 2 5 25 10
⇒ = K2 A
A 1 1
+ 3A × + 5A ×
1 265 25
⇒ K2 = 1 2 12 2 A 3 A 5 A
| A|2 ⇒ 2.94 = + + + + +
2 5 25 10 25 25
1
⇒ K =± 25 + 20 + 24 + 10 A + 6 A + 10 A
| A| ⇒ 2.94 =
50
2 3
Now, | A| = = − 4 − 15 = − 19 ⇒ (2.94)(50 ) = 69 + 26 A
5 −2 78
⇒ 26 A = 147 − 69 = 78 ⇒ A = =3
1 26
∴ K =±
19
20. We have, f ( x ) = tan x − x Or

∴ f ′ ( x ) = sec x − 1
2 Consider the following events

Since, sec x ≥ 1∀ x ∈ R A = Drawing 3 white balls in first draw

∴ sec 2 x − 1 ≥ 0 B = Drawing 3 black balls in the second draw.

∴ f′ ( x) ≥ 0 Required probability = P( A ∩ B) = P( A) P(B / A) …(i)

5
So, f ( x ) is increasing function. C3 10 5
Now, P( A) = 13
= =
C3 286 143 (1/2)
21. Since, A is a skew-symmetric matrix. Therefore,
A =−A
T After drawing 3 white balls in first draw 10 balls are left in
| A | = |− A|
T the bag, out of which 8 are black balls.
8
⇒ AT = (−1)n A [Q K ⋅ A = k n A ] C3 56 7
∴ P(B / A) = 10
= =
C3 120 15 (1/2)
⇒ A = (−1)n A [Q| AT | = A ]
Substituting these values in Eq. (i), we get
⇒ | A| = | − A| [Q n is odd]
⇒ 2 A =0 Required probability = P( A ∩ B) = P( A) P(B / A)
∴ A =0 (2) 5 7 7
= × =
143 15 429 (1)
Or
If the given points are collinear, then 23. The function f ( x ) will be continuous at x = 0, iff
a1 b1 1
lim f ( x ) = f (0 )
a2 b2 1=0 x→ 0
2
a1 + a2 b1 + b2 1 sin a x
⇒ lim =1 [Q f (0 ) = 1] (1)
a1 b1 1
x→ 0 x2
2
⇒ a2 − a1 b2 − b1 0 = 0  sin a x 
⇒ a2 lim   =1
x→ 0  ax 
a2 b2 0
[applying R2 → R2 − R1, R3 → R3 − R1] ⇒ a2 (1)2 = 1
a2 − a1 b2 − b1 ∴ a= ±1
⇒ = 0 [expanding along C3 ] (1)
a2 b2 Thus, f ( x ) will be continuous at x = 0 , if a = ± 1. (1)
− a1 − b1
24. Let cos −1   = θ.
a
⇒ =0 [applying R1 → R1 − R2 ]
a2 b2  b
⇒ − a1b2 + a2 b1 = 0 Then, cos θ =
a
⇒ a1b2 = a2 b1 (1) b

22. Let A be the event of drawing an even numbered ticket in  π θ  π θ

∴ LHS = tan  +  + tan  − 
first draw and B be the event of drawing an even  4 2  4 2
numbered ticket in the second draw. Then, π θ π θ
tan + tan tan − tan
Required probability = P( A ∩ B) = P( A) P(B / A) …(i) = 4 2 + 4 2
π θ π θ
Since, there are 19 tickets, numbered 1 to 19, in the bag 1 − tan tan 1 + tan tan
4 2 4 2
out of which 9 are even numbered viz. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12,
14, 16, 18. 1 + tan θ / 2 1 − tan θ / 2
= + (1)
9 1 − tan θ / 2 1 + tan θ / 2
∴ P( A) =
19 (1/2) (1 + tan θ / 2 )2 + (1 − tan θ / 2 )2
=
Since, the ticket drawn in the first draw is not replaced, (1 − tan 2 θ / 2 )
therefore second ticket drawn is from the remaining
18 tickets, out of which 8 are even numbered.  1 + tan 2 θ / 2 
=2  
 1 − tan θ / 2 
8 4 2
∴ P(B / A) = =
18 9 (1/2)
2
=
Substituting these values in Eq. (i), we get cos θ
Required probability = P( A ∩ B) = P( A) P(B / A) 2b
9 4 4 = (1)
= × = (1) a
19 9 19
 1 Since, AL is perpendicular to the given line BC.
25. Let I=∫ dx
9 x + 6 x + 10
2
∴ a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c 2 = 0
1 1 i.e. 2(2 λ − 1) + (−2 ) (−2 λ − 9) + (−2 ) (− 2 λ − 1) = 0
9 ∫ x 2 + 2 x + 10
= dx
⇒ 4λ − 2 + 4λ + 18 + 4λ + 2 = 0 (1)
3 9 ⇒ 12 λ + 18 = 0
1 1 − 18 − 3
= ∫ dx (1) ⇒ λ= =
9 x 2 + 2 x + 1 − 1 + 10 12 2
3 9 9 9  − 3
1 1 ⇒ 2λ − 1 = 2   − 1= − 3 − 1 = − 4
= ∫ dx  2 
2
9  1
 x +  + (1)
2
 − 3
 3 ⇒ − 2λ − 9 = − 2   − 9= 3− 9= − 6
 2 
 1
1 1 x+  ⇒
 3
− 2λ − 1 = − 2  −  − 1 = 3 − 1 = 2
−1 3 + C
= × tan   2
9 1  1 
  Hence, the coordinates are (− 4, − 6, 2 ). (1)
1  3 x + 1
= tan −1   +C (1) 28. Given differential equation is
9  3 
 2  y 
26. We have,
→ →
a × b = a × c,
→ →  x sin  x  − y  dx + x dy = 0
 
→ → → →
⇒ a × b− a ×c =0  y
→ → → y − x sin 2  
⇒ a × (b − c ) = 0 dy  x
⇒ = ...(i)
→ dx x
⇒ a=0
 y
or
→ →
b−c =0 y − x sin 2  
 x
→ → → Let F( x, y ) =
or a ||( b − c ) (1) x
⇒
→
a=0  λy 
λy − λx sin 2  
→ →  λx 
or b=c Then, F(λx, λy ) =
λx
→ → →
or a ||( b − c )   y 
→ → → → → → λ  y − x sin 2   
⇒ a ||( b − c ) [Q a ≠ 0 and b ≠ c ]   x 
= = λ0 F( x, y )
→ → →
⇒ b − c = t a for some scalar t. λx (1)
→ → → dy
⇒ b=c +t a So, = F( x, y ) is a homogeneous differential equation.
(1) dx
27. Cartesian equation of a line passing through the points dy dv
On putting y = vx and =v+ x in Eq. (i), we get
B(0, − 1, 3) and C(2, − 3, 1) is dx dx
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1  vx 
= = vx − x sin 2  
dv  x
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 v+ x =
dx x
x−0 y+1 z−3
⇒ = = ⇒ v+ x
dv
= v − sin 2 (v ) ⇒ x
dv
= − sin 2 (v )
2 − 0 − 3 + 1 1− 3 (1) dx dx
x y+1 z−3 ⇒ cosec 2 v dv = −
dx
⇒ = =
2 −2 −2 x
dx
Now, let ‘L’ be the foot of the perpendicular from the point ⇒ cosec v dv +
2
=0 (1)
A(1, 8, 4) to the given line. x
On integrating both sides, we get
The coordinates of the point L on the line BC is given by
dx
∫ cosec v + ∫ x = 0
2
x y+1 z−3
= = =λ
2 −2 −2
⇒ − cot v + log| x | = C
⇒ x = 2λ, y = − 2 λ − 1, z = − 2 λ + 3 (1)  y  y
⇒ − cot   + log| x | = C put v = x  ...(ii)
∴ DR’s of AL is  x
π
(2 λ − 1), (− 2 λ − 1 − 8), (− 2 λ − 3 − 4) Also, given that y = , when x = 1
4
i.e. (2 λ − 1), (− 2 λ − 9) (− 2 λ − 1) π
∴ − cot + log| 1| = C ⇒ C = − 1 + 0 ⇒ C = − 1.
Q DR’s of given lines are proportional to (2, − 2, − 2 ). 4
So, the required particular solution is 1
 y y
− cot   + log| x | = − 1 = 3
 x y + 2 x x2
 y y 1
⇒ 1 + log| x | − cot   = 0. ⇒ =
 x (2) y + 2 x 3x 2

Or ∴ 3x 2 y = y + 2 x (1)
π/2
Given differential equation x dy + y( x + y )dx = 0 can be
2
29. Let I=∫ log (sin x ) dx ...(i)
0
written as x 2dy + ( xy + y 2 ) dx = 0
π/2  π 
⇒ x 2dy = − ( xy + y 2 ) dx ∴ I=∫ log sin  − x  dx
0   2 
dy  yx + y 2  π/2
⇒ =− 2
 =∫ log (cos x ) dx ...(ii)
dx  x  0
2
dy  y  y On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get (1)
⇒ = −   −  ...(i) π/2
dx  x  x 2I = ∫ {log(sin x ) + log(cos x )} d x
0
dy  y π/2
which is a homogeneous, as = f  . (1) =∫ (log(sin x ⋅ cos x )) dx
dx  x 0

dy dv π/2  2 sin x cos x 

On putting y = vx and =v+ x in Eq. (i), we get =∫ log   dx
dx dx 0  2 
dv π/2 π/2
v+ x = − v − v2 ⇒ 2I = ∫ log(sin 2 x ) dx − ∫ log 2 dx ...(iii)
dx 0 0

dv 1
⇒ x = − 2v − v 2 On putting 2 x = t ⇒ 2dx = dt ⇒ dx = dt (1)
dx 2
1 1 π
⇒ dv = − dx When x = 0, then t = 0 and x = , then t = π
2v + v 2 x 2
1 1 From Eq. (iii), we get
⇒ dv = − dx π/2 π 1
v(2 + v ) x Now, ∫ log (sin 2 x ) dx = ∫ (log (sin t )) dt
2 1
0 0 2
⇒ dv = − dx 2 π/2 π/2

2 ∫0
2 v( 2 + v ) x = [log (sin t )] dt = ∫ log(sin t ) dt = I (1)
0
1 1 1  1 From Eq. (iii), we get
⇒  −  dv = − dx
2  v v + 2 x π/2
(1) 2I = I − ∫ log 2 dx
0
1 1 1 1 1 π
2∫ v
⇒ dv − ∫ dv = − ∫ dx + log C ⇒ I = [− log (2 ) x ]π0 / 2 = − log 2
2 v+2 x 2 (1)
1 1
⇒ log| v | − log| v + 2 | = − |log x| + log C Or
2 2
sin x + cos x
6
(sin 2 x )3 + (cos 2 x )3 dx
6
1 v C Let I = ∫ dx = ∫
⇒ log = log 2 2
sin x cos x sin 2 x cos 2 x
2 v+2 x (1)
2
v C v  C (sin 2 x + cos 2 x ) (sin 4 x − sin 2 x cos 2 x + cos 4 x )
⇒ log = 2 log ⇒ =  =∫ dx
v+2 x v + 2  x  (1) sin 2 x cos 2 x
(1)
y sin 4 x cos 4 x
2 =∫ dx + ∫ sin2 x cos 2 x dx
⇒ x =  C  y
sin 2 x cos 2 x
y  
 x put v = x 
+2 sin 2 x cos 2 x
x −∫ dx
2 sin 2 x ⋅ cos 2 x
y  C
⇒ = 
y + 2x  x = ∫ tan 2 x dx + ∫ cot
2
x dx − ∫ 1 dx
(1)
It is given that y = 1, when x = 1. = ∫ (sec x − 1) dx + ∫ (cosec x − 1) dx − ∫ 1 dx
2 2
2
1  C 1
∴ =   ⇒ = C2 = ∫ sec 2 x dx + ∫ cosec x dx − 3∫ dx
2
1 + 2  1 3
Hence, the particular solution of the given differential = tan x − cot x − 3 x + C (1)
equation is
 2 1
30. Let the land allocated for crop A be x hec and crop B be 31. Probability of getting 1 or 2 or die = P1 = = .
y hec. 6 3
1 2
Then, maximum area of the land available for two crops is Probability of not getting 1 or 2 = P2 = 1 − = .
50 hec. 3 3
x + y ≤ 50 Bag A(4 black and 6 red balls) → 10 balls. (1)
Liquid herbicide to be used for crops A and B are at the C1 × 6C1 4
P(a red and a black ball) = PA = 10
rate of 20 L / hec and 10 L / hec, respectively. C2
Maximum amount of herbicide to be used is 800 L. 2 × 4× 6 8
= =
20 x + 10 y ≤ 800 10 × 9 15
and 2 x + y ≤ 80 Bag B (7 black and 3 red balls) → 10 balls (1)
The profits from crops A and B per hectare are `10500 7
C1 × C1
3

and ` 9000, respectively. P (a red and a black ball) = PB = 10

C2
Thus, total profit = (10500 x + 9000 y ) = ` 1500 (7 x + 6 y ) 2 ×7 × 3 7
∴The mathematical formulation of the given problem is = =
10 × 9 15
Maximise Z = 1500 (7 x + 6 y ) Hence, required probability = (1 or 2 occurs AND balls are
Subject to the constraints selected from bag A)(1)
x + y ≤ 50 ...(i) or (1 or 2 does not occurs AND balls are selected from
bag B)
2 x + y ≤ 80 ...(ii)
= P1 × PA + P2 × PB
and x, y ≥ 0 ...(iii) (1)
1 8 2 7
The corner points of feasible region are O(0, 0 ), A(40, 0 ), = × + ×
3 15 3 15
B(30, 20 ) and C(0, 50 ).
8 14 22
= + = (1)
45 45 45

100 32. We have a mapping f : R + → [4, ∞)given by f ( x ) = x 2 + 4.

90 To prove f is invertible.
For f to be one-one
80 (0, 80)
Let x1, x2 ∈ R + be any arbitrary elements, such that
70
f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 )
60 ⇒ x12 + 4 = x22 + 4 ⇒ x12 − x22 = 0
C (0, 50) 50 ⇒ ( x1 − x2 ) ( x1 + x2 ) = 0
40
⇒ x1 − x2 = 0 [Q x1 + x2 ≠ 0 as x1, x2 ∈ R + ]
⇒ x1 = x2
30
So, f is one-one. (1)
20 B (30, 20)
For f to be onto
10 Let y ∈ [4, ∞ ) be any arbitrary element and let y = f ( x )
(50, 0)
Then, y = x2 + 4
O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
(0, 0) x2 = y − 4
A (40, 0)
(2)
x=± y−4
The values of Z at these corner points are calculated as
Q x ∈ R + , therefore x ≠ − y − 4.
Corner Z = 1500(7 x + 6 y ) Now, x = y − 4 ∈ R+ (1)
O(0, 0 ) Z=0
[Q 4 ≤ y < ∞ ⇒ 0 ≤ y − 4 < ∞ ⇒ 0 ≤ y − 4 < ∞]
A(40, 0 ) Z = 1500(7 × 40 + 6 × 0 ) = 420000
Thus, for each y ∈ [4, ∞ ), there exist x = y − 4 ∈ R + such
B(30, 20 ) Z = 1500(7 × 30 + 6 × 20 ) that f ( x ) = y
= 495000 (maximum)
So, f is onto. (1)
C(0, 50 ) Z = 1500(7 × 0 + 6 × 50 ) = 450000
⇒ f is invertible and inverse of f is given by
The maximum profit is at point B(30, 20 )
f −1:[4, ∞ ] → R + , defined as
∴ 30 hec of land should be allocated for crop A and
20 hec of land should be allocated for crop B. (1) f − 1( y ) = y − 4 Hence proved. (1)
 5
33. Given lines are y= x−5 ...(i) 34. Let ABC be a triangle inscribed in a given circle with
2 centre O and radius r.
x+ y=9 ...(ii) The area of the triangle will be maximum if its vertex A
3 3 opposite to the base BC is at a maximum distance from
and y= x − ...(iii)
4 2 the base BC. This is possible only when A lies on the
For finding the points of intersection, we solve in pairs. diameter perpendicular to BC. Thus, AD ⊥ BC. So, ∆ ABC
must be an isoscele triangle. Let OD = x.
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
Coordinates of C = (4, 5) A

On solving Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get

Coordinates of B = (6, 3) (1) r
On solving Eqs. (i) and (iii), we get O
Coordinates of A = (2, 0 ) r
θ xθ
r
Y
B D C
10

9 On applying Pythagoras theorem in right angled ∆ODB,

8 we get
(OB)2 = (OD )2 + (BD )2
7
y=5/2 x–5
⇒ r 2 = x 2 + (BD )2 (1/2)
6

5 C (4, 5) ⇒ BD = r 2 − x 2

4 y=3/4 x–3/2 ∴ BC = 2 BD

B (6, 3)
= 2 r 2 − x2
3

2
Also, AD = AO + OD = r + x. (1/2)
Let A denote the area of ∆ABC.
1
A (2, 0) N (4, 0) M (9, 0) 1
X′
D
X Then, A = (BC × AD )
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2
1
⇒ A = × 2 r 2 − x 2 × (r + x )
y=9 –x 2
⇒ A = (r + x ) r 2 − x 2
Y′ (1) dA x(r + x )
∴ Required area = Area of ∆ANC + Area of quadrilateral ⇒ = r 2 − x2 −
dx r 2 − x2
NCBD − Area of ∆ABM (1)
4 6 6 [differentiating w.r.t. x]
= ∫ ( line AC )dx + ∫4 (line BC )dx − ∫2 (line AB)dx
2 dA r 2 − r x − 2 x 2
⇒ = (1)
4 5  6 3 3
= ∫  x − 5 dx +
6 dx r 2 − x2
2 2  ∫4 (9 − x ) dx − ∫2  4 x − 2 dx dA
4 6 6 The critical numbers of A are given by = 0.
 5 x2   x2   3 x2 3  dx
= ⋅ − 5 x  + 9 x −  − ⋅ − x
2 2 2  2 4  4 2 2 2 dA r 2 − r x − 2 x2
∴ =0 ⇒ =0
5 1 3 3 dx r 2 − x2 (1)
= [ x 2 ]42 − 5 [ x ]42 + 9 [ x ]64 − [ x 2 ]64 − [ x 2 ]62 + [ x ]62
4 2 8 2 ⇒ (r − 2 x ) (r + x ) = 0 [Qr + x ≠ 0]
(2)
5 1 r
= (16 − 4) − 5 (4 − 2 ) + 9 (6 − 4) − [36 − 16] ⇒ r −2x = 0 ⇒ x =
4 2 2
3 3 dA r 2 − rx − 2 x 2
− (36 − 4) + (6 − 2 ) Now, =
8 2 dx r 2 − x2
5 1 3 3
= (12 ) − 5 (2 ) + 9 (2 ) − (20 ) − (32 ) + (4)
4 2 8 2 d 2 A (− r − 4 x ) (r 2 − rx − 2 x 2 )x
⇒ = +
= 15 − 10 + 18 − 10 − 12 + 6 dx 2 r 2 − x2 (r 2 − x 2 )3 / 2
(1)
= | 39 − 32 | [differentiating both sides w.r.t. x]
= 7 sq units (1)
  d 2 A Or
⇒  2 = −2 3 < 0
 dx  x = r Consider the lines
2 →
r r = 3i$ + 2 i$ − 4k$ + λ (i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$ ) …(i)
Thus, A is maximum when x = . →
2 and r = 5i$ − 2 $j + µ(3i$ + 2 $j + 6k$ ) …(ii)
→ →
r2 Here, a1 = 3i$ + 2 $j − 4k$, b1 = i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$
∴ BD = r 2 − x 2 = r 2 −
4 → →
and a 2 = 5i$ − 2 $j , b 2 = 3i$ + 2 $j + 6k$
3r → →
⇒ BD = ∴ a 2 − a1 = 5i$ − 2 $j − 3i$ − 2 $j + 4k$
2
= 2 i$ − 4 $j + 4k$
In right angled ∆ODB,
BD i$ $j k$
tan θ = → →
OD and b1 × b 2 = 1 2 2 = 8i$ − 4k$
3r 3 2 6
(1)
2 → → → →
⇒ tan θ = = 3 ⇒ θ = 60 ° Consider ( a 2 − a1 )⋅ ( b1 × b 2 ) = 16 − 16 =0
r
→ → → →
2 As ( a 2 − a1 )⋅ ( b1 × b 2 ) = 0
∴ ∠BAC = θ = 60 ° (1) ⇒ Lines are intersecting (coplanar and b1 ≠ b 2 )
→ →

But AB = AC. Therefore, ∠B = ∠C = 60 °. General point on line (i) is

Thus, we obtain ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60 °. →
r = (3 + λ ) i$ + (2 + 2 λ ) $j + (−4 + 2 λ ) k$ …(iii) (1)
Hence, A is maximum when ABC is an equilateral
triangle. Hence proved.(1) General point on line (ii) is
→
r = (5 + 3 µ ) i$ + (−2 + 2µ ) $j + 6µ k$ …(iv)
35. Given points are A(3, − 1, 2 ), B(5, 2, 4) and C(− 1, − 1, 6).
If Eqs. (iii) and (iv) represent same point
Now, equation of plane passing through A, B and C is 3 + λ = 5 + 3µ ⇒ λ − 3µ = 2 …(v)
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
2 + 2 λ = −2 + 2µ
given by x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 = 0
⇒ 2 λ − 2µ = −4 …(vi)
x3 − x1 y3 − y1 z3 − z1 (1) and − 4 + 2 λ = 6µ
x−3 y+1 z −2 ⇒ 2 λ − 6µ = 4 …(vii) (2)
⇒ 5− 3 2 + 1 4−2 = 0 On solving Eqs. (vi) and (vii), we get
− 1− 3 − 1+ 1 6 − 2 λ = −4, µ = −2
x − 3 y + 1 z −2 On putting the values of λ and µ in Eq. (v), we get
⇒ 2 3 2 =0 −4 + 6 = 2 [true]
−4 0 4 (1) Hence, for λ = −4, µ = −2, Eqs. (iii) and (iv) represent the
On expanding along R1, we get same point. (1)
→
( x − 3) (12 − 0 ) − ( y + 1) (8 + 8) + ( z − 2 ) (0 + 12 ) = 0 Position vector of point of intersection is r = − i$ − 6 $j − 12 k$
⇒ 12 x − 36 − 16 y − 16 + 12 z − 24 = 0 ∴ Point of intersection is (−1, − 6, − 12 ). (1)
⇒ 12 x − 16 y + 12 z = 76 1 32
⇒ 3 x − 4 y + 3 z = 19 36. We have, A = 2 0 − 1
(2)  
1 2 3  (1)
Now, distance of the point (6, 5, 9) from the plane (i) is
1 3 2  1 3 2 
3(6) − 4(5) + 3(9) − 19
d = ∴ A2 = 2 0 − 1 2 0 − 1
   
32 + 42 + 32 (1) 1 2 3  1 2 3 
18 − 20 + 27 − 19 1 + 6 + 2 3 + 0 + 4 2 − 3 + 6
=
9 + 16 + 9 = 2 + 0 − 1 6 + 0 − 2 4 + 0 − 3
 
6 1 + 4 + 3 3 + 0 + 6 2 − 2 + 9 (1)
=
34 9 7 5
6 = 1 4 1
= units  
34 (1) 8 9 9
 9 7 5 Or
Now, 4 A = 4 1 4 1
2
  The given determinant
8 9 9 1 (1/ 2 )sin 2 A (1/ 2 )(1 + cos 2 A)
 36 28 20  = 1 (1/ 2 )sin 2 B (1/ 2 )(1 + cos 2 B) [C1 → C1 + C3 ]
=  4 16 4  ...(i) 1 (1/ 2 )sin 2C (1/ 2 )(1 + cos 2C )
 
32 36 36 1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
1
9 7 5 1 3 2  = ⋅ 1 sin 2 B 1 + cos 2 B
A3 = A2 ⋅ A = 1 4 1 2 0 − 1
4
∴ (1) 1 sin 2C 1 + cos 2C
   (1/2)
8 9 9 1 2 3 
1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
9 + 14 + 5 27 + 0 + 10 18 − 7 + 15 1
= ⋅ 0 sin 2 B − sin 2 A cos 2 B − cos 2 A
=  1+ 8 + 1 3+ 0 + 2 2 − 4+ 3  4
0 sin 2C − sin 2 A cos 2C − cos 2 A
 
8 + 18 + 9 24 + 0 + 18 16 − 9 + 27 
[R2 → R2 − R1, R3 → R3 − R1 ] (1/2)
28 37 26
1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
= 10 5 1  ...(ii)(1/2) 1
  = ⋅ 0 2 cos( A + B)sin(B − A) 2 sin( A + B)sin( A − B)
35 42 34 4
0 2 cos( A + C )sin(C − A) 2 sin( A + C )sin( A − C )
1 3 2  3 9 6  (1/2)
Now, 3 A = 3 2 0 − 1 = 6 0 − 3 ...(iii) (1) 1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
   
1 2 3  3 6 9  = sin( A − B)sin( A − C )⋅ 0 − cos( A + B) sin( A + B)
∴ A − 4 A + 11 I − 3 A = O
3 2 0 − cos( A + C ) sin( A + C )

28 37 26  36 28 20   1 0 0 [taking 2 sin( A − B) and 2 sin( A − C ) common

LHS = 10 5 1  −  4 16 4  + 11 0 1 0 
from R2 and R3 , respectively] (1/2)
     
35 42 34 32 36 36 0 0 1 1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
= sin( A − B)sin( A − C )⋅ 0 − cos(π − C ) sin(π − C )
3 9 6 
0 − cos(π − B) sin(π − B)
− 6 0 − 3
 
3 6 9  (1/2) [Q A + B + C = π ] (1)
1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
[from Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii)]
= sin( A − B)sin( A − C ) 0 cos C sin C
28 − 36 + 11 − 3 37 − 28 + 0 − 9 26 − 20 + 0 − 6 
0 cos B sin B
=  10 − 4 + 0 − 6 5 − 16 + 11 − 0 1− 4 + 0 + 3  (1)
 
 35 − 32 + 0 − 3 42 − 36 − 0 − 6 34 − 36 + 11 − 9 = sin( A − B)sin( A − C )[sin B cos C − cos B sin C ]

0 0 0  = sin( A − B)sin( A − C )sin(B − C )

= 0 0 0  = O = RHS Hence proved. (1) = − sin( A − B)sin(B − C )sin(C − A) Hence proved. (2)
 
0 0 0 