12 Basic Motor Types Used For Industrial Electric Drives - EEP

1/17/2019 12 Basic Motor Types Used For Industrial Electric Drives | EEP
Electric Motor / Electrical Lectures / Industrial Automation
12 Basic Motor Types Used For

Industrial Electric Drives
By Edvard | June, 21st 2016 | 14 comments | Save to PDF Share!    
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Few Words About Electric

Drives
Almost all modern industrial and commercial
undertakings employ electric drive in preference to
mechanical drive because it possesses the following
advantages :
https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/motor-types-electric-industrial-drives 1/18
12
12 Basic
Basic Motor
Motor Types
Types Used
Used For
For Industrial
Industrial Electric
Electric Drives
Drives (photo
(photo
from:
from: DOE
DOE Navigant
Navigant Master
Master Presentation)
Presentation)
It is simple in construction and has less

maintenance cost
Its speed control is easy and smooth
×
It is neat, clean and free from any smoke or flue
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gases
It can be installed at any desired convenient
place thus affording more flexibility in the layout
It can be remotely controlled
Being compact, it requires less space
It can be started immediately without any loss of
time
It has comparatively longer life.
However, electric drive system has two

inherent disadvantages :
1. It comes to stop as soon as there is failure of

electric supply and
2. It cannot be used at far off places which are
not served by electric supply.
However, the above two disadvantages can be

overcome by installing diesel-driven DC
generators and turbine-driven 3-phase alternators
which can be used either in the absence of or on

the failure of normal electric supply.
Motor types for industrial

electric drives
Ok, let’s take a short overview of twelve most
basic motor types used for different industrial electric
drives:
1. DC Series Motor
2. DC Shunt Motor
3. Cumulative Compound Motor
×
4. Three phase Synchronous Motor
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5. Squirrel Cage Induction Motor
6. Double Squirrel Cage Motor
7. Slip ring Induction Motor
8. Single phase Synchronous Motor
9. Single phase Series Motor
10. Repulsion Motor
11. Capacitor start Induction run Motor
12. Capacitor start and run Motor
1. DC Series Motor
Since it has high starting torque and variable speed,
it is used for heavy duty applications such as electric
locomotives, steel rolling mills, hoists, lifts and cranes.
Starting Torque of a Series Motor
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Go back to Motor Types ↑
2. DC Shunt Motor
It has medium starting torque and a nearly constant
speed.
DC shunt motor is used for driving constant speed line

shafts, lathes, vacuum cleaners, wood-working
machines, laundry washing machines, elevators,
conveyors, grinders and small printing presses etc.
The Working Principle of D.C Shunt Motor
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3. Cumulative Compound Motor

Cumulative compound motor is a varying speed
motor with high starting torque and is used for
driving compressors, variable head centifugal pumps,
rotary presses, circular saws, shearing machines,
elevators and continuous conveyors etc.
compound dc motor
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4. Three-phase Synchronous Motor

Because its speed remains constant under varying
loads, 3-phase synchronous motor is used for driving
continuously operating equipment at constant speed
such as ammonia and air compressors, motor generator
sets, continuous rolling mills, paper and cement
industries.
Working of Synchronous Motor
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5. Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

This motor is quite simple but rugged and
possesses high overload capacity. It has a nearly
constant speed and poor starting torque.
Squirrel cage induction motor is used for low and

medium power drives where speed control is not
required as for water pumps, tube wells, lathes, drills,
grinders, polishers, wood planers, fans, blowers,
laundary washing machines and compressors etc.
There Phase squirrel cage induction motor
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6. Double Squirrel Cage Motor

It has high starting torque, large overload capacity
and a nearly constant speed.
Double squirrel cage motor is used for driving loads

which require high starting torque such as compressor
pumps, reciprocating pumps, large refrigerators,
crushers, boring mills, textile machinery, cranes,
punches and lathes etc.
Double
Double squirrel
squirrel cage
cage blower
blower fan
fan motor
motor –– 33 speed;
speed; 110V
110V
7. Slip Ring Induction Motor
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It has high starting torque and large overload
capacity. The speed of slip ring induction motor can be
changed up to 50% of its normal speed.
Slip ring induction motor is used for those industrial

drives which require high starting torque and speed
control such as lifts, pumps, winding machines, printing
presses, line shafts, elevators and compressors etc.
6,000
6,000 kWkW slip
slip ring
ring induction
induction motor
motor for
for compressor
compressor test
test bench
bench (photo
(photo
credit:
credit: emz.de)
emz.de)
8. Single Phase Synchronous Motor

Because of its constant speed, single phase
synchronous motor is used in teleprinters, clocks, all
kinds of timing devices, recording instruments, sound
recording and reproducing systems.
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Synchronous
Synchronous motor
motor // single-phase
single-phase // IP65
IP65 (photo
(photo credit:
credit:
directindustry.com)
directindustry.com)
9. Single Phase Series Motor

It possesses high starting torque and its speed can
be controlled over a wide range. Single phase series
motor is generally used for driving small domestic
appliances like refrigerators and vacuum cleaners etc.
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Single-phase
Single-phase Series
Series Motor
Motor 1,0
1,0 kW;
kW; 1000
1000 Watt;
Watt; 230
230 V
V
10. Repulsion Motor

It has high starting torque and is capable of wide
speed control.
Moreover, it has high speed at high loads. Repulsion

motor is commonly used for drives which require large
starting torque and adjustable but constant speed as in
coil winding machines.
Anton Piller AC repulsion motor
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11. Capacitor Start Induction Run

Motor
It has fairly constant speed and moderately high
starting torque. Speed control is not possible.
Capacitor-start induction-run motor is generally used for
compressors, refrigerators and small portable hoists.
Interesting Fact About Capacitor Start Indu…

Indu…
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12. Capacitor Start And Run Motor

Its operating characteristics are similar to the above
motor except that it has better power factor and
higher efficiency. Hence, capacitor-start-and-run
motors are commonly used for drives requiring quiet
operations.
Hitachi
Hitachi capacitor
capacitor start
start capacitor
capacitor run
run motor
motor
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Reference // ASHRAE Handbook: Heating, Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems 2004
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1/17/2019 12 Basic Motor Types Used For Industrial Electric Drives | EEP

Electric Motor / Electrical Lectures / Industrial Automation

12 Basic Motor Types Used For

Few Words About Electric

It is simple in construction and has less

However, electric drive system has two

1. It comes to stop as soon as there is failure of

However, the above two disadvantages can be

which can be used either in the absence of or on

Motor types for industrial

Starting Torque of a Series Motor

DC shunt motor is used for driving constant speed line

The Working Principle of D.C Shunt Motor

3. Cumulative Compound Motor

4. Three-phase Synchronous Motor

Working of Synchronous Motor

5. Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

Squirrel cage induction motor is used for low and

There Phase squirrel cage induction motor

6. Double Squirrel Cage Motor

Double squirrel cage motor is used for driving loads

Go back to Motor Types ↑

7. Slip Ring Induction Motor

Slip ring induction motor is used for those industrial

Go back to Motor Types ↑

8. Single Phase Synchronous Motor

Go back to Motor Types ↑

9. Single Phase Series Motor

Go back to Motor Types ↑

10. Repulsion Motor

Moreover, it has high speed at high loads. Repulsion

Anton Piller AC repulsion motor

11. Capacitor Start Induction Run

Interesting Fact About Capacitor Start Indu…

12. Capacitor Start And Run Motor

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