Catanduanes State University

Collage of Art & Science

Virac, Catanduanes

Project

In

Contemporary World

Research Paper (GEC 3)

Submitted by:

Aimee V. Gine

Student
 Submitted to:

Ms. Shienalyn T. Ramos

Instructor
 SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY

I. INTRODUCTION
We cannot imagine our everyday life without some advancement, caused by Science
and Technology progress. In fact, our existence changes in minutes now, something
new appears every single day, what makes human life easier and more comfortable
in some aspects. So, the age we have chance to live in now is considered to be called
the era of science and technology.

Actually, Science and Technology introduces us the foundation of up-to-date

civilization. This progress has contributed greatly to mainly each aspect of our
everyday life. So, people have an opportunity now to enjoy its results, having their
lives more comfortable and pleasurable.

It is amazing how everyone’s life is changing through us of technology.Technology

by definition means the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of
technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment,
drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure
science. Today people use different kinds of technology like: cellphones, iPods,
laptops, mp3s, household appliances and all of the devices create a convenient and
comfort for every individual. As technology is updating every day, and every second
it is affecting people’s lives and changing the pace of everything that relates to
humans’ routines.
II. Science and Technology

Here are some facts, which show on the benefits of Science and Technology
progress:

● The morning daily paper, which helps people to always keep up-to-date and
supply them with trustworthy information of everything what's going on
around the world, is a result of scientific progress.
● Goods and devices people use in their daily deeds, such us electric light,
refrigerators, electric oven, microwave etc. – all that is given to us by
science.
● Science and Technology has also affected greatly our means of
transportation, by making it easy to travel from one place to another quickly.
All buses, ships, aero-planes use the benefits of new advancements.
● Thanks to the development of Science, men are now able to explore other
planets.
● Nowadays, newly created satellites are used to bring a light concerning outer
space.
● Many medicines, which are created to save million people lives, are also
products of science.
● Science and Technology provides us also with some things people cannot
imagine their lives without: television, Internet, radio.
● The latest technologies also help to increase the production of goods and
different crops. The same is about work on factories, where manual work is
replaced by new devices.
● Urbanization, expansion of the villages, cities, factories, changes in
economics and country's well-being.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: INTERNET

Internet was created for making human life easier and to bridge the gap. It was
meant to make communication easier, to spread knowledge with ease and
speed. Flash-forward to present time and we have information travelling at
lightning speed.

Some facts:

● A study estimates that about 200 billion emails and 3 billion Google
search would have to wait if the internet goes down for a day.
● With 200 million internet users between age 15-35, China has treatment
camps for internet addicts.
● About 9 Million people in Britain and one-third of Italy's population have
never used the internet.
● About 62% of the internet traffic is not caused by humans but by bots
and malware trying to spy into your computers and phones.
● A reliable statistics show that around 1 billion dollars of revenue is
generated every year through online dating websites.
● More than 30,000 websites are hacked every day by cyber criminals who
use advanced software programs to find vulnerable sites.
● World Wide Web was the first ever internet website and is still running.
Pros of Internet:

1. Knowledge: All the answers to curiosity and thirst for knowledge are only a
Google search away. Many are actually benefiting from this.

2. Communication: Miles away from home, family and friends, people are able to
communicate and stay in touch. That is the biggest boon to mankind.

3. Ease of access: Everything we need, from grocery to equipments that are not
available in rural areas can be now ordered online.

4. Business: Online businesses, e-commerce, work from home jobs are all
possible because of the internet.

Cons of Internet:

1. Cyber crime: Lack of privacy, malware and spyware that steals personal
data and uses the same against the users are biggest ever cons of internet.

2. Addiction: China's number of internet addict is just an example.

Everywhere in the world these addicts can be found wasting away.
3. Narcissism: A person in an accident, a boy being beaten to death by goons,
a girl being teased - these incidents are now recorded and uploaded for likes
and shares.

4. Less real interactions: When was the last you sat down with your parents
or grandparents to have a meaningful conversation without peaking into your
phone every once in a while?

Internet may have both pros and cons but it cannot be ignored. It is there to stay
and succeed beyond imaginations. All we could do is concentrate on utilising it only
within limits.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: SOCIETY

Technology affects our society significantly. It has become an integral part in our life
by bringing so many benefits to us. Technology improves the efficiency in education,
medicine, transportation, entertainment and more. When mentioning of how
technology impacts our society, people will think of its positive influence. However,
according to Newton’s third law of motion, “For every action, there is an opposite
reaction”. Indeed, technology is beneficial to us, however at the same time it brings
negative consequences. Although the rise of new technology has improved our daily
lives, although it brings convenience but when abused and not properly used it
increases the rate of obesity and the isolation in our society. And here are some
causes and effects of science and technology.

● During social gatherings, everyone resorts to staring at their phone. Social

engagement and talking to one another is minimal compared to how often
people check Facebook, Instagram and Twitter on their phones.
 ● People are glued to their phones and can’t leave the house without it. Leaving
their phone at home even causes anxiety for some.

● Texting while driving… enough said.

● Sleep patterns are disrupted by constant exposure to the bright screens on

mobile phones, laptops, TVs, and tablets.

● Navigation is becoming impossible to do without the use of technology. Using

a map sounds barbaric.

● Information is at our fingertips, giving kids in school easy access to cheating.

● Physical books are becoming outdated and left in the dust by e-books and
audio books. Bookstores are going out of business.

● Cyber bullying and sexual predator activity is reaching new lengths. As

technology grows, so does the means by which predators and bullies can target
their victim.

● People’s jobs are being replaced by high tech computers.

● People’s attitudes, in general, are becoming more impatient and entitled. If it

isn’t here right now, then it’s inconvenient.

Although advancements in technology have been some of the greatest achievements

to date, it has also had some major setbacks. Technology is stunting many of our
social skills, making it incredibly hard for people to socialize without their phones or
the presence of some type of technology. When TV was first invented, it helped bring
people together. Now, TVs and different technological gadgets are bringing people
together and pulling them apart, simultaneously. People during this day in age need
to relearn how to socialize with one another and live without the constant influence
of phones, TV, and technology. How sad is it to see a group of friends together, sitting
around the couch, yet no one is talking to one another. Put down the phone and talk
to one another. Memories can’t be made on an app, but they can be made in person.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: MOBILE PHONES

Mobile phones have become such an integral part of our lives that we cannot
imagine a day without them. They have replaced not just a lot of old gadgets, but
also outdoor sports, relationships, and books. Using the cell phone sensibly has
remained just an old school dialogue.

Mobile devices are changing our world

In the past, certain technologies have brought about significant and unforeseen
changes in society. Well known examples of such technologies are the printing
press, railways and electricity. However, no previous technology has had the
dramatic impact of the mobile device. For example, there were no mobile phone
subscribers in 1982. Today, some thirty years later, nearly 85% of the world’s
population have mobile phones. This extraordinary situation illustrates our
fascination with the mobile devices that have begun to dominate our lives.
However, none of these devices could communicate without the
telecommunications network that connects them together.

In this lesson we look at some of the fundamental science associated with mobile
devices and the network that allows them to connect with the internet and with
each other, and then discuss some of the many ways these technologies are
influencing our lives.

The mobile network provides the connectivity

There are many types of mobile devices, including smartphones, laptops and
tablets. Mobile devices use radio waves called microwaves, to send and receive
information. This information may be a voice call, a text message, an email,
images, video or a web page. To illustrate how a mobile network operates we will
use the example of a phone call. When you switch your phone on, it finds and
connects to a transceiver called a base station. If you dial a friend’s number, the
base station locates your friend’s phone and the connection is set up.

A mobile network is comprised of a number of these base stations. They are usually
located on tall steel towers, often disguised as trees. However, in cities, where each
cell covers a relatively small geographical area, they might be located on the roofs
or walls of buildings.

Each base station serves a limited geographical area called a cell. This is why
mobile phones are also called cell phones. Each cell can deal only with a certain
number of simultaneous connections. However, there are lots of them and the
areas are often small, especially in large cities. When a user moves between cells,
one cell is said to handover the connection to the next cell without interruption.
This freedom of movement is one of the great strengths of mobile technology.

All of the base stations are connected, often by high speed optical fibre cable, to a
control centre called a Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO). All enabled
mobile devices have certain codes associated with them and the MTSO checks these
codes in order to authorise a connection. The MTSO also routes calls between base
stations and, when required, to the fixed telephone network or the internet.

This flexibility means that a user can readily make connection with another user or
with a website. Connectivity is the other great attribute of mobile networks.

This is some facts about mobile phones:

● Overexposure to mobile phones is known to cause insomnia, confusion and

headaches. Experts have also identified conditions like ringxiety,
nomophobia, telephonophobia and frigensophobia related to mobile phone
usage.
● Your mobile phone may have 18 percent more bacteria than a toilet seat
cover. Sanitise your phones!
 ● In the U.S. the mobile phone towers and antennas are often disguised into
telephone poles, clock faces, church roofs, plastic trees, etc.
● China manufactures 80% of all the mobile phones.
● Mobile phone users are known to spend most of their time on games and
social networking.
● At the moment, iPhone 5 Black Diamond is the most ridiculously expensive
phone in the world, which costs $15 million, took nine weeks to build and is
made of 135 gram solid gold of 24 carat with chassis inlaid with 600 white
diamonds.

Pros of Smart Phones:

1. Ease of information and knowledge: Quenching the thirst for knowledge has to
be the most important advantage of smartphones.

2. Staying connected: You can be connected to friends and family even when work
takes a toll on personal life.
3. For help: This has to be the most important function of smartphones. There are
easy ways to track locations, call for help, record important evidences and stop
crime.

4. Creativity: You can learn a lot of new creative things and try them on your own
and be relieved from boredom or monotony.

Cons of Smart Phones:

1. Work life balance: You could eternally be stuck at work even after office hours or
be constantly distracted by personal calls at work. Either way it is disrupting the
balance.

2. Stressing eyesight: Most people are staring at their screens before falling asleep
in the dark of night. This can lead to partial blindness.

3. Distraction: Due to so many attractive apps and videos on the go we tend to

ignore or postpone important tasks quite often.

4. Compromising privacy: Easy to hack android phones with internet banking is

leading to a rise in cyber crime on a daily basis.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: ONLINE GAMING

Online gaming caught up youth and adults in their phenomenal lure that took video
gaming to a whole new level. It takes a toll on work and health. It gets you
addicted, makes you a couch sloth, and soon you are ignoring shower, healthy
eating and seeing the sun altogether. Yet, it is a successfully growing industry.
Some facts about Online Games:

● The value of the online gaming market has gone far too high in the past 10
years and touched the worth of around $41.4 billion at the end of 2015.

● Studies show than about 33% of adults play online games with the children
at least once a week and are hooked to it.

● The sales of gaming apps and software have increased from $9 billion in
2008 to $24 billion by 2012. It is estimated to go more than $40 billion by
the end of 2017.

● 52% of online gamers are women. 58% of the online gamers are above the
age of 40.

● Among all kinds of online gaming trends, the online gambling sector is worth
more than £2 billion in the UK alone.

● The ratings of the games on Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB)

should be used to determine if the games are appropriate for your child or
not.

● Studies show that games can have educational values as well. It improves
thinking ability and makes children more open to ideas and innovations.

Pros of playing Online Games:

1. Mental exercise: The top ones are not that easy as it may seem. They require
some serious thinking and motor coordination.
2. For disabled: It is bliss for disabled who cannot play outdoor games to be able
to enjoy football or cricket online.

3. Boredom: It is an excellent choice for killing time; makes one feel good and
hence no depression.

4. Skills: Contrary to what people say, online gaming has some skills to teach too
like quick thinking.

Cons of playing Online Games:

1. Addiction: It is a serious issue among young and adult online gamers; they just
cannot say no later.

2. Waste of time: Those are times that could be put to do something productive.

3. Obesity: Is as real as it gets. Take a good look at all the couch sloths you know.

4. Gambling: You could be investing your hard earned bucks into something that
may or may not pay you back.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is the medium through which we communicate, make new friends,
revive old friendships, share our opinions on everything under the sun, criticise
each other, become keyboard warriors, learn to love ourselves with pictures filtered
to hide flaws, and what not or Social Media Inspires or Threatens.
Pros of Social Media:

1. Sense of psychological satisfaction: It is achieved when the information relating

to any individual, establishments, or products are shared with others.

2. Effective communication: Promotes interpersonal communication and group

dynamics while eliminating the barriers to communication.

3. Facilitates business performance: Bridges the gap between the management of

corporates and stakeholders along with promoting e-commerce.

4. Online social networks development: The user's profile gets connected with
profile of other individuals or groups.

Cons of Social Media:

1. Security Issue: Information shared over social media may be confidential. It

could be misused if gone to the wrong hands. The security systems are
inappropriate when it comes to teenagers.
2. Lacking personal touch: Things are done over social media these days. It lacks
personal touch due to which people rely less on activities done through social
media.

3. Accidental posts: If any post is made unintentionally or leaked in social media,

such activity could probably cause unwanted threats, harassment, or trolling.

4. Tendency to endorse fake news: Sometimes the information or news that is not
real is promoted to great extent that people tend to rely on them.

Social media is the best platform where you can share reliable information with

your friends and people at large. If used appropriately, it can help you in boosting

your business and personal brand along with the relations with friends. However,

we must know where to put the full stop.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: CYBER CRIME

The internet has been defined as the media of the people. But it is slowly turning
into a dark net, with increasing incidences of cyber stalking, cyber terrorism, child
pornography sites and online slander through social media sites. Cyber crimes are
on the rise and every year brings a new ransomware or malware to the fore.
Types of Cyber Crimes

● Hacking
● Child Pornography
● Cyber Stalking
● Denial of Service/DOS Attacks
● Malware: Virus, Trojan, Worm, Hoax, Spyware
● Data Theft
● Ransomware
● Data interception
● Data security network sabotage
● Network interference
● Cyber Defamation
● Corporate Cyber Slander/Smear
● Digital Forgery
● Online Gambling
● Online sale/auction that are illegal
● E-spamming
● E-mail bombing
● Cyber warfare
● Cyber terrorism
● Digital/Mobile Wallet Hacking: Financial Frauds
● Phishing

Tools to Ward off Cyber Crimes

Digital Signatures: This protects documents from being forged online and secures
the bank account etc.

Secure passwords: These guard files from hackers and unwanted intruder.
Firewalls and Gateways: These can keep data safe and ensure confidentiality of
files

Anti Virus Software: By using security software like QuickHeal or Avast, netizens
can secure their files and guard against worms, trojans, hackers and unwanted
intrusions.

Secure Wi-Fi Connection: Secure internet wireless connections help in detecting

criminal activities very fast. You can check the IP address to see if someone else is
accessing your email account, for example.

Encryption: Encryption guards passwords, sensitive data and confidential

information from exposure and abuse.

Security Audit: Cyber criminals can be put to task by conducting a security audit
and seeing where you vulnerabilities lie.

Cyber Forensics: These can help in detecting crime; every cyber criminal leaves a
digital imprint of some sort which can be used to catch the culprit.

CONCLUSION

All these things mentioned above were possible only due to the rapid development
of science and technology. So, no wonder that it plays a significant role in the modern
life of people. Thanks to this development, we have entered another level of human
civilization, having everything to arrange happy and comfortable living. It can even
be said that the modern way of life and culture are dependent on some products of
science and technology, as they have become an integral part of existence, taking
into account the needs and requirements of people.

Online gaming is a huge industry and it is getting bigger each day. There are

international e-games held which is very rewarding and encouraging for youth

but there are serious disadvantages too which must be considered before

getting devoted to an online game.

Social media is the best platform where you can share reliable information with

your friends and people at large. If used appropriately, it can help you in

boosting your business and personal brand along with the relations with friends.

However, we must know where to put the full stop.

Mobile phones are important, there is no denying that but prioritising tasks is

important for else we end up wasting time and obsessing about unimportant

things.

REFERENCES

Google Inc., Science and Technology

https://www.google.com/
Wikipedia, Science and technology studies · History of science ·
Category:Science and …

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Science_and_technology

TutorialRide,Topics on Science and Technology

https://www.tutorialride.com/gd-on-science-and-technology/

Tutorialspoint, Science & Technology - Introduction

https://www.tutorialspoint.com › fundamentals_of_science_and_technology