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IT202 (AIS)
ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM
SUBMITTED BY:
ROBISO, CHRISTINE M.
SUBMITTED TO:
PROF. E. M. TORRES
ACTIVITY IN 1T202
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
b. Are large batch sizes preferable to small No. Small batch sizes are preferable than large
batch sizes when it comes to data batch sizes because small ones produce fewer
processing? Explain. queues, give faster cycle time, increase urgency,
and decrease risk through faster feedback.
d. Does banking system use real/ on-line Banking system uses both real time and batch
processing or both real time and batch processing. Real time is used when processing
processing. Provide a scenario. transactions without delay like when the
customers deposit money in the bank or
withdraws money from the bank, the record of
the customers reflect their current status or the
transactions they made. Batch processing is used
by the bank in terms of payroll system, there is no
need to keep track of how much an employee has
earned every minute of the day and doing this
every two weeks is likely sufficient.
e. Give at least on criteria that influence The criteria that influence selection of data
selection of data structure? What data structures include the insertion of record into a
structure is suited for that? file. This will need sequential structure so as the
records will automatically be inserted into the
right path.
f. How do backup procedures for files with In a direct access structure, each record is
a direct access structure differ from assigned in a unique disk location or address that
sequential files? is determined by its key value. Because only a
single valid location exists for each record,
updating the record must occur in a place of a
destructive update approach that leaves no
backup copy of the original master file and only
the current value is available to the user. If the
current master becomes damaged or corrupted,
no backup version exist from which to reconstruct
the file while sequential file update process
produces new physical masters file. The new file
contains all of the records from the original file,
including those that were updated by transactions
and those that were not updated. The original
master continues to exist. If the current master
file become lost, damaged, or corrupted by
erroneous data, a new file can be created from
the original master files and the corresponding
transaction files.
g. How do you consider Microsoft Office I think MS Office System is a backbone system
Systems? Is it a turnkey, backbone or because it consist the basic system structure in
vendor supported system? Explain your which to build. The primary processing logic is
answer. programmed, and the vendor then designs the
user interfaces to suit the client’s unique needs.
h. If a certain system in a business is
centralized does it mean that the whole Yes, the whole business is centralized if a certain
business is centralized. Explain your system is centralized because resources and data
answer. (You are encouraged to give of the company are shared by the management
practical business cases) and employees of the company.
i. If accountants are viewed as providers Accountants as end users must provide a clear
of information, then why are they picture of their needs to the professionals who
consulted as system users in the system design their systems. Example, the accountant
development process? Give a practical must specify accounting rules and techniques to
example to support your answer. be used, internal control requirements, and
special algorithms such as depreciation models.
k. The REA model is based on the premise REA treats the accounting system as a virtual
that business data must not be representation of the actual business. In other
preformatted or artificially constrained words, it creates computer objects that directly
and must reflect the all relevant aspects represent real-world-business objects. For
of the underlying economic events.” example, in the sales process, one event would be
Explain it by giving a practical example "sales"—where goods are given up—and the
of REA model (which is of course not on other would be "cash receipt", where cash is
the book) received. These two events are linked; a cash
receipt occurs in exchange for a sale, and vice
versa. The duality relationship can be more
complex, e.g., in the manufacturing process, it
would often involve more than two events.
l. What are the 3 general problems The three general problem associated with data
associated with data redundancy and redundancy are Wasted Storage Space,More
give a practical example for each. difficult Database Updates, A Possibility of
Inconsistent data. Examples, Autonimous sysytem
developments activities distributed throughout
the firm can result in each user area reinventing
the wheel. Another example customer data exist
only once, but is shared by accounting, marketing,
and product services users.
m. What are the 4 levels of activity in the The four levels are Top management, middle
pyramid representing the hierarchy of management, operation management and
management? Give at least one person operation personnels. Example.,Operations
involved in the four levels of manager, this individual is the leader for the
organization (e.g. Chief Executive Officer operation and has overall responsibility for the
belongs to top management). Give financial success of the business. The operations
examples of vertical flow and horizontal manager handles external relations with lenders,
flow of information. community leaders and vendors.(horizontal)
Frequently, this individual also is in charge of
either production or marketing for the business.
This person will set in motion the vision, strategic
plan and goals for the business (vertical).
n. What are the three fundamental task of Three fundamental tasks of data management,
data management and give a practical storage, retrieval and deletion, storage, for
example for each task. assigning keys to a new records and stores them in
their proper location in the database. Retrieval is
the task of locating and extracting an existing
record from the database for processing. Deletion
is the task permanently removing obsolete or
redundant records from the database.
o. What is feedback? Give a practical Feedback is a form of output that is sent back to
example of it and how is it beneficial to the system as a source of data. For example, an
the system? inventory have fallen to, or below, their minimum
allowable levels. Internal feedback from the
information will initiate the inventory ordering
process to replenish the inventories. Similarly,
external feedback about level of uncollected
customer accounts can be used to adjust the
organization's credit-granting policy.
r. Why is cost accounting also applicable in Cost accounting encompasses a body of concepts
service - oriented business such as and techniques that support the objectives of
hospitals? Explain both financial accounting and managerial
accounting. Activity - Based Costing can be applied
in service industries other than those described
here. It has become increasingly important for
companies whose markets are becoming more
competitive. Since ABC is really about cost
management, using it allows service companies to
reduce and control their costs in order to make
correct pricing and other decisions, and to
increase their profitability. It is likely to continue
to become more prevalent in the service industry
in the future.