AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF USING SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

(A Case Study Method in the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1

Bangsri in the Academic Year 2018/2019)

THESIS

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana

Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris (S.Pd)

A THESIS

By:

Ahmad Zainun Ihsan

151320000196

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TARBIYAH AND TEACHER SCIENCES

ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA JEPARA

2019

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 STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY

The undersigned below:

Name : Ahmad Zainun Ihsan

NIM : 151320000196

Study Program : English Education

I declare that all material in this final project to obtain Bachelor Degree

(Sarjana Strata 1/S1) program Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Sciences, Islamic

University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara is my own work and does not involve

plagiarism as the certain part: in in writing the final project which I cite from some

books and previous studies have been written its resources explicitly with the norm,

the rules, and the ethical of scientific papers.

Furthermore, I am ready to receive sanctions from the Faculty of Tarbiyah

and Teacher Sciences, Islamic University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara when found

uncorrected of this statement later.

Jepara, September 18th 2019

Ahmad Zainun Ihsan

NIM : 151320000196

ii
 STATEMENT OF PUBLICATION

I hereby grant Islamic University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara the right to display or

copy any part of the thesis, in all forms of media for reference purposes and

legitimate educational purpose. Any reproduction or use is prohibited without the

written consent of Islamic University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara.

Jepara, September 18th 2019

Ahmad Zainun Ihsan

NIM : 151320000196

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 ADVISOR’S APPROVAL

This thesis has been approved by the advisor on September 18th, 2019 to be

examined by the board of examiners.

Advisor,

Santi Andriyani, S.Pd.I., M.Pd.

NIY. 4 870312 15 184

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PAGE OF APPROVAL

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 MOTTO

ۖ ‫ّللاَ َمعَنَا‬
َ َ‫َل تَحْ َز ْن إِن‬

“Do not grieve, indeed Allah is with us”

(QS At-Taubah: 40)

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 DEDICATION

This graduating thesis is dedicated for:

1. My beloved parents (Kartono and Rohalis).

2. my sister and my younger brother (Nisa’u Dzumirroh and Anggits

Burhanuddin).

3. My beloved teachers in Asy-Syarief (Ustadz Zaenal Arif, S.Ag., M.Pd.I and

Ustadzah Maghfuroh L. S.), my inspiring people who always give support and

teach me the sense of life.

4. All of my lecturers in UNISNU Jepara, examiners, and especially for my

advisor Mrs. Santi Andriyani, S.Pd.I., M.Pd. who guides me patiently.

5. My beloved friends of Asy-Syarief who have made my life more meaningful.

6. My beloved friends that can’t be mentioned one by one, especially students of

PBI A1 2015. Thank you for your help in this thesis.

7. All people who helped me always to be sharp to get this thesis done.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At this happiest moment, I wish a prayer to God the Almighty who has blessed me

during the writing of this thesis. I would like, furthermore to express my sincere

gratitude to:

1. Dr. Sa’dullah Assa’idi, M.Ag., The Rector of Islamic University of Nahdlatul

Ulama Jepara, who gave permission to me to conduct this study.

2. Drs. H. Mahalli, M.Pd., The Dean of Faculty of Tarbiyah and Educational

Science of Islamic University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara, who gave who gave

permission to me to conduct this study.

3. Husni Mubarok, M.Pd., as the Head of English Education Department.

4. Santi Andriyani, S.Pd.I., M.Pd., as my advisor who gave valuable motivations,

corrections, and suggestions so that I can complete this study.

5. All lecturers at the English Study Program of Faculty of Tarbiyah and

Educational Science of Islamic University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara, who

have taught, motivated, and given guidance during the writing of this thesis.

6. The principal, the English teacher, and the administration staffs who have given

the researcher opportunity to do the research in SMP Negeri 1 Bangsri. Special

thanks for the VII I students for their cooperation as the respondents of this

research.

7. My beloved teachers in Asy-Syarief (Ustadz Zaenal Arif, S.Ag., M.Pd.I and

Ustadzah Maghfuroh L. S.), my inspiring people who always give support and

teach me the sense of life.

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8. My parents, sister and younger brother and families for your praying and

motivation. Thank you for your endless love and always supported me morally

and financially during my study in this university.

9. All of my beloved friend of Asy-Syarief and students of PBI A1 2015, all of my

friends I can’t mention one by one.

10. The last but not the least, all of my beloved friends in PBI A1 ’15, especially

for Wahdah, Hamima, Dhotul, Iik, Pipit, Wiwid, Dewi rus, Ninik and Rifa’I. I

have many learnt many things from you all. All about family, friendship, and

understanding one another.

Finally, I will be so happy to have any constructive critics and suggestion. I

hope that this thesis will be useful for those especially who are in the field of English

Education.

Jepara, September 18th 2019

Ahmad Zainun Ihsan

NIM : 151320000196

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE OF TITLE ................................................................................................ i

STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................... ii
STATEMENT OF PUBLICATION ................................................................... iii
ADVISOR’S APPROVAL ................................................................................. iv
PAGE OF APPROVAL ...................................................................................... v
MOTTO .............................................................................................................. vi
DEDICATION .................................................................................................... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... x
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ xii
LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xiv
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ xv
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................ 1
1.2 Research Question ...................................................................... 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study .............................................................. 3
1.4 Limitation of the Study .............................................................. 4
1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................... 4
CHAPER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Previous Researches ................................................................... 5
2.2 Related Theories ......................................................................... 7
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design ......................................................................... 26
3.2 Setting of the Research ............................................................... 27
3.3 Instrument of the Research ......................................................... 27
3.4 Technique of Collecting Data .................................................... 28
3.5 Technique of Analyzing Data .................................................... 30
CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Finding ........................................................................ 32

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 4.2 Discussion .................................................................................. 51
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion.................................................................................. 53
5.2 Suggestion .................................................................................. 53
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 55
APPENDICES .................................................................................................... 57

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 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1

The Formulation of Positive Sentence ................................................................ 18

Figure 2.2

The Formulation of Negative Sentence............................................................... 19

Figure 2.3

The Formulation of Interrogative Sentence ........................................................ 19

Figure 2.4

The Formulation of Affirmative Sentence IN Passive Voice ............................. 20

Figure 2.5

The Formulation of Negative Sentence in Passive Voice ................................... 20

Figure 2.6

The Formulation of Interrogative Sentence of Passive Voice ............................ 21

Figure 4.1

The Students’ Types of Errors ............................................................................ 44

Figure 4.2

The Students’ Sources of Errors ......................................................................... 49

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1

Table of Observation Checklist ........................................................................... 29

Table 3.2

Recapitulation Table ........................................................................................... 31

Table 4.1

The Number Errors Based on Type od Errors .................................................... 43

Table 4.2

The Students’ Number of Error........................................................................... 45

Table 4.3

The Recapitulation of Students’ Sources of Errors ............................................. 47

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 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Interview........................................................................................... 57
Appendix 2 Students’ Writing.............................................................................. 61
Appendix 3 Observation Checklist ...................................................................... 66
Appendix 4 Letter of Finishing Research ............................................................ 81

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 ABSTRACT

Ahmad Zainun Ihsan. 2019. An Error Analysis of Using Simple Present Tense
in Descriptive Text (A Case Study Method in The Seventh Grade Students of
SMP Negeri 1 Bangsri in the Academic Year 2018/2019). English Study
Program. Islamic University of Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara. Advisor: Santi
Andriyani, S.Pd.I., M.Pd.

Keywords: Error Analysis, Simple Present Tense, Descriptive Text.

The purposes of this study are to find out type of errors and the source of
errors made by the seventh grade students of SMP N 1 Bangsri of using simple
present tense in writing descriptive text. The method used in this study was a case
study included as qualitative research. It was conducted at seventh grade students
of SMP 1 Bangsri in academic year 2018/2019. The data was collected by using
document and interview. The document was from the students written result about
using simple present tense in descriptive text. Then, the researcher took interview
to know the students’ understanding about simple present tense in descriptive text.
After collecting the data, the researcher analyzed the data found qualitatively.
The result of the study showed that the reseacher found four types of errors
based on surface strategy taxonomy which are classified into omission, addition,
misformation, and misordering. After counting the errors, the researcher found 174
total of errors consisting of 82 or 47 % errors of omission, 27 or 16 % errors of
addition, 56 or 32 % errors of misformation and 9 or 5 % errors of misordering.
From the data above, it can be seen that omission error was the highest number of
errors made by the students. Based on the total result types of errors, the writer
found that the number of total source of errors are interlingual transfer has 75 or
43% source of errors, and intralingual transfer has 99 or 57% source of errors.
Based on the result of the research, it is suggested that the seventh grade
students of SMP N 1 Bangsri should be given intensive exercises on the correct
structure of simple present tense in their writing. It is quite necessary for the seventh
grade students and the teacher of SMP N 1 Bangsri to be informed about the result
of this study so that they can improve their teaching and learning

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