RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Boni Ave, Mandaluyong City

College of Engineering and Industrial Technology

MODULE #4:
HIGH VOLTAGE FLIP-FLOP WITH
SCR

CEIT-29-902E |GROUP 4
MAGNAYE, VICTORIO JOSE J.
MARASIGAN, IRENE D.
MARCOS, STEVE KERL F.
MENDOZA, MARK RAZEL B.
MUTIA, CHRISTIAN M.

PROFESSOR:
ENGR. ODILON YANGCO

December 11, 2019

 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Ave, Mandaluyong City
College of Engineering and Industrial Technology

OBJECTIVES

To be able to design a circuit and produce a working prototype of a

AC to AC Converter (HIGH VOLTAGE FLIP-FLOP WITH SCR)

INTRODUCTION
An AC to AC converter simply means a device which can convert AC waveforms to
another AC waveform. The output voltage and frequency can be managed according
to requirements and usage. AC voltage transformers are thyristor based
transformers which are used to convert fixed voltage to any required voltage
without any change in frequency. Transformers that are used to converts AC power
of one frequency to another different frequency are known as Cycloconverters.
A flip-flop is a circuit whose output(s) change state for some sequence of inputs and
which will remain unchanged until another sequence of inputs is used.
A silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor-controlled rectifier is a four-layer
solid-state current-controlling device. The name "silicon controlled rectifier" is
General Electric's trade name for a type of thyristor.
SCRs are mainly used in electronic devices that require control of high voltage and
power. This makes them applicable in medium and high AC power operations such
as motor control function.
An SCR conducts when a gate pulse is applied to it, just like a diode. It has four
layers of semiconductors that form two structures namely; NPNP or PNPN.
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Ave, Mandaluyong City
College of Engineering and Industrial Technology

PROPOSED CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

FIGURE 1
With only few components, we can use resistors, diodes, and capacitor, we can
convert line voltage (220VAC) directly to low DC voltage (10 VDC). This low voltage
powers the low voltage flip-flop standard circuit, but this circuit is then used to
drive high voltage SCR. This simple high voltage flip-flop circuit can be used to
control alarm lamps, bell, or any alerting high voltage indicators. The schematic
diagram of the circuit is shown in Figure 1, shows the components symbols and the
wiring connection. The SCR type can be chosen as shown in the label, but various
high voltage SCR type can be used for this as well. The capacitors C2 and C3
determine the blinking frequency, so you can increase the value to get slower
blinking rate, and decrease the value to get faster blinking rate. The lamp or the
load should be compatible with rectified half cycle power supply, since the SCR
allow the current to flow in one direction only. Resistor R4 should be 2W type, since
this resistor dissipates power as heat. Beware that this circuit is not isolated from
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Ave, Mandaluyong City
College of Engineering and Industrial Technology

high voltage power line, so don’t touch any conductor while this circuit is powered to
avoid electrical shock hazard. We can use 5-500W light bulb with this circuit, but
the delivered power would be a half of the bulb spec.

Actual appearances of the main electronic components used in the prototype:

NPN Silicon
Electrolytic Transistor
Zener diode Rectifier Diode
47uF/25V SCR 5P4M 2N3904
10V 1W 1N4007

LIST OF MATERIALS

COMPONENT TYPE SPECIFICATIONS

D1 Silicon Rectifier diode 1N4007
R1 Carbon film resistor 1kΩ
R2 Carbon film resistor 47kΩ
R3 Carbon film resistor 47kΩ
R4 Carbon film resistor 22Kω/2W
R5 Carbon film resistor 1kΩ
C1 Electrolytic 100uF/25V
C2 Electrolytic 47uF/25V
SCR1 Thyristor 5P4M
SCR2 Thyristor 5P4M
TR1 NPN transistor 2N3904
TR2 NPN transistor 2N3904
DZ1 Zener Diode 10V/1W
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Ave, Mandaluyong City
College of Engineering and Industrial Technology

BILL OF MATERIALS

UNIT TOTAL
ITEM DESCRIPTION QTY.
AMOUNT AMOUNT
Silicon Rectifier diode 1N4007 3 1 3
Carbon film resistor 1kΩ 1 2 2
Carbon film resistor 22kΩ/2W 1 1 1
Carbon film resistor 47kΩ 1 2 2

Electrolytic 100uF/25V 38 1 38
Electrolytic 47uF/25V 38 1 38
Thyristor 5P4M 50 2 100
NPN transistor 2N3904 5 2 10
Zener Diode 2 1 2
Universal PCB 3x3” 15 3 45
SUBTOTAL 203

PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
1. The whole circuit is not working after we connected all the components.
2. The alternation of light was too fast.

SOLUTIONS MADE
1. We figured out why it wasn’t working, it was because of the NPN transistor
2N3904, we replaced it with PNP transistor and then it worked right away.
2. To lessen the speed of alternation, we replaced the 2 47uF/25V with 2 pieces of
10uF/25.